Vertical flow constructed wetlands, planted with and without Spartina alterniflora, were tested for the treatment of mariculture wastewater. Wetlands with and without the emergent macrophyte produced reductions of 89 and 71% for inorganic solids, 82 and 96% for organic solids, 51 and 63% for total nitrogen, 82 and 92% for ammoniacal nitrogen, 64 and 59% for orthophosphate, and 81 and 89% for turbidity, respectively. Wetlands with S. alterniflora showed denitrification tendencies, while wetlands without S. alterniflora had higher oxygen levels leading to nitrification. The results suggest the fundamental role of oxygen controlling the purification processes as well as the potential of constructed wetlands to treat mariculture effluents.

With the availability of multisensor, multitemporal, multiresolution and multifrequency image data from operational Earth observation satellites the fusion of digital image data has become a valuable tool in remote sensing image evaluation. In this paper a new multispectral image wavelength representation is introduced of the integrated Landsat Thematic Mapper TM and Spot HRV Pan data to establish river Tavares' Mangrove vegetation classification in Santa Catarina Island - Brazil. The combining of data from these different sensors is necessary for preserving spatial integrity of the higher-resolution data (PAN) set spectral information and of the lower resolution components in (TM). The fusion of these different data contributed to the understanding of the objects observed. Image fusion has many aspects to be looked at. First of all, the wavelength approach has been compared to hue-lightness-saturation (HIS) transformed image fusion technique and this has showed to possess the advantage of minimal distortion of the data spectral visible characteristic and the enhancement of spatial quality. It has exhibited the potential application of wavelength higher accuracy transformation for fusing spectral. In this study, mangrove's areas mapping were performed with an overall accuracy (Kappa) of 0.93 and this was possible because a good field knowledge