Abstract Phenolic compounds are frequently found in the specific tissues in the leaves and stems of Baccharis species. However, only a few species of the genus have been studied in recent years, including B. erioclada. This study evaluates the in vitro antioxidant potential of B. erioclada crude extract and its fractions. Phytochemical studies, including quantification of total phenolics and flavonoids have also been carried out. Crude extract presented higher antioxidant capacity since it showed lower values of IC50 or greater reductive capacity compared to the fractions. The total phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the crude extract were quantified as 160.66 mg/g and 47.98 mg/g, respectively. Hispidulin showed 27,2296 g/100 g of dried extract. The present study evidenced that B. erioclada extracts are promising sources of antioxidant compounds.

Abstract This exploratory study investigated whether children with dental decay were more likely to have COVID-19 than those without caries. The children underwent dental inspection and blood collection for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Fifty-four children aged 6 to 9 years participated in the survey, which was conducted between March and June 2020 in the municipality of Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil. The diagnosis of caries was performed using the dmft and DMFT indices. Parents reported signs and symptoms of sickness in their children during this period. The serology test aimed to verify the immune response of the children to coronavirus by detecting IgM/IgG antibodies. Statistical analyses were performed at P < 0.05. The majority of the children presented caries (68.5%). Of the nine children who tested positive for COVID-19 (16.7%), eight presented IgG antibodies to the virus, and only one had IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV2. Children who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had a higher percentage of caries lesions than those who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (77.8% vs 65.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant.

Abstract The chemically complex essential oils of Baccharis species are associated with several biological activities, such as antimicrobial and antiulcerous properties. However, few studies have investigated Baccharis erioclada DC. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to characterize the essential oil of B. erioclada and evaluate its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and hemolytic potential. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Phosphomolybdenum complex formation, reducing antioxidant power, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) methods were used to determine antioxidant potential. To evaluate the essential oil’s antimicrobial activity, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans were calculated. Hemolytic activity was determined in sheep red blood cells. Thirty-one compounds were identified via GC-MS analysis, representing 81.60% of the total essential oil. These compounds included: turmerone (27.97%), fokienol (13.47%), ledol (9.78%), and santalol (5.35%). The class of compounds identified was the oxygenated sesquiterpenes (62.52%). Antioxidant activity was confirmed via phosphomolybdenum complex formation and TBARS methods. Moderate antimicrobial activity and low hemolysis rates were displayed at concentrations of 250 and 500 μg/mL.

ABSTRACT The aim was to understand the experience resulting from pregnancy interrupted by the premature birth of the baby requiring hospitalization in the Neonatal Unit. It is a phenomenological investigation with a Heideggerian framework, undertaken in December 2010 – May 2011, through interviews held with seven mothers whose children were hospitalized in the neonatal unit of a teaching hospital. In relation to the fact of having a pre-term baby who needed to be hospitalized, the women indicated pregnancy-related health problems which led to the premature birth, and want to understand what is happening. Furthermore, they continue to be frightened even when they are accustomed to their child’s hospitalization. As a result, it is necessary to make possible a dialogic relationship and a relationship of support for the mothers so that they may develop strategies for re-establishing the bond with the baby and the care for the specific demands posed by prematurity.

RESUMEN Fue finalidad de este estúdio comprender la vivencia producida por la gestación interrumpida por el nacimiento prematuro del bebé que necesita de internación en Unidad Neonatal. Investigación fenomenológica con referencial heideggeriano, realizada en el periodo de diciembre de 2010 a mayo de 2011, por medio de entrevista, con siete madres cuyos hijos estaban internados en la Unidad Neonatal de un hospital universitario. Delante del hecho de tener un bebé prematuro y que necesitó ser internado, las mujeres apuntan los problemas de salud de la gestación que llevaron al parto prematuro y desean entender lo qué está ocurriendo. Además de eso, permanecen asustadas mismo que estean habituadas con la internación del hijo. De esa forma, es necesario posibilitar una relación dialógica y de apoyo a las madres, a fin de desarrollar estrategias para restablecer el vínculo con el bebé y el cuidado a las demandas específicas de la prematuridad.

RESUMO Objetivou-se compreender a vivência decorrente da gestação interrompida pelo nascimento prematuro do bebê que necessita de internação em Unidade Neonatal. Investigação fenomenológica com referencial heideggeriano, realizada no período de dezembro de 2010 a maio de 2011, por meio de entrevista, com sete mães cujos filhos estavam internados na Unidade Neonatal de um hospital universitário. Diante do fato de ter um bebê pré-termo e que precisou ser internado, as mulheres indicam os problemas de saúde da gestação que levaram ao parto prematuro e querem entender o que está acontecendo. Além disso, permanecem assustadas mesmo que estejam habituadas com a internação do filho. Dessa forma, é necessário possibilitar uma relação dialógica e de apoio às mães, a fim de desenvolver estratégias para reestabelecer o vínculo com o bebê e o cuidado às demandas específicas da prematuridade.

Os microsporídios são implicados em várias manifestações clínicas em pacientes com AIDS; os quadros diarréicos são os mais comuns. O diagnóstico das microsporidioses dependia da microscopia eletrônica para exame de materiais obtidos por procedimentos invasivos. A técnica de coloração tricrômica modificada permite o diagnóstico sem necessidade deste procedimento, através da microscopia óptica. No presente estudo foi aplicado o método de coloração tricrômica em fezes de 62 pacientes com diarréia, infectados pelo HIV ou com AIDS. Das 62 amostras, identificou-se esporos de microsporídios em uma. O trabalho corrobora a presença destes protozoários em nosso meio, associada a quadros de diarréia crônica em pacientes com AIDS e grave comprometimento imunológico; constata que este método de coloração promove satisfatória visualização de esporos de microsporídios em fezes e aponta caminhos para novos estudos.

The microsporidia have been involved in several clinical manifestations in patients with AIDS, of whom diarrhoea is the commonest. The diagnosis of microsporidiasis depended on invasive procedures and the identification of the organisms is made by electron microscopy. The modified trichrome staining method allows that the diagnosis be made without such procedures by using light microscopy. In the present work, the modified trchrome method was applied in stools from 62 patients with diarrhoea, who had asymptomatic HIV infection or AIDS. Of the 62 samples analyzed, there was detection of microsporidial spores in one. This work confirms the existence of such protozoans in our patients, associated with manifestations of chronic diarrhoea in patients with AIDS who have severe immunodeficiency and ascertains that this staining method allows satisfactory identification of microsporidia from faeces, as well points out some directions to further studies.

Os autores relatam um caso de leishmaniose cutâneo-mucosa em uma paciente de 89 anos, diabética e hipertensa, tratada inicialmente com alopurinol por 10 meses não havendo cicatrização das lesões. Posteriormente, recebeu antimoniato de N-metil glucamina (glucantime) por 4 dias, na dose total de 2.380mg do Sb v, mas desenvolveu cardiotoxicidade e hipocalemia, sendo suspenso o tratamento, entretanto, evoluiu com regressão clínica total das lesões, apesar de ter recebido pequena dose desta medicação.

The authors report a case of a 89 years-old woman with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis and previous diabetes mellitus and high blood pression, who had been treated with allopurinol for 10 months without healing of lesions. Afterwards, she has been treated with meglumine antimonate, "glucantime" for 4 days, with a total dose 2,380mg of Sb v, but developed cardiacs side effects and hypokalemia, hence the treatment was wihtdrawn. However, this patient developed total clinical regression of lesions, in spite of she has been recieved low dose of this drug .

Paciente com doença de Chagas, em fase crônica, após ter sido submetida a transplante de rim sofreu reativação da infecção devido ao Trypanosoma cruzi, como conseqüência de imunodepressão medicamentosa. O acontecimento manifestou-se exclusivamente através de lesões cutâneas ulceradas, merecendo portanto divulgação tal aspecto clínico inusitado.

We report a patient with chronic asymptomatic Chagas' disease that presented Trypanosoma cruzi reactivation after kidney transplantation and immune depression. The only clinical manifestation of the disease was ulcerative skin lesions, wich is unusual in Chagas' disease.

Os autores relatam um caso de aumento da glândula parótida ocasionado por adenovirus, em paciente infectado pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Ao exame físico, este se apresentava em bom estado geral, afebril e com aumento bilateral de parõtidas, de consistência aumentada e discretamente dolorosas ã palpação. O exame histológico da parótida demonstrou discreto infiltrado inflamatório linfomononuclear periductal com presença de focos de necrose, as pesquisas para fungos e bacilos ãlcool ãcido resistentes foram negativas. A técnica de imuno-histoquímica para citomegalovírus, beipes simples, antígeno p24 do HIVe adenovirus, somente evidenciou posítividade para o último. Este é o terceiro caso descrito na literatura, destacando a importância de incluir o adenovíms, no diagnóstico diferencial, deste acometimento.

The authors report a case of adenovirus- induced enlargement of the parotid gland involving a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Physical examination revealed good general condition, no fever and bilateral enlargement of the parotid region, which was of increased consistency and slightly tender to palpation. Histological examination of the parotid gland demonstrated a slight periductal lymphomononuclear inflammatory infiltrate with the presence of focal points of necrosis. Tests to determine the presence of fungi and alcohol-acid resistent bacilli were negative. Immunohistochemistry for cytomegalovirus, heipes simplex, HIV p24 antigen and adenovirus showed positivity only for adenovirus in the epithelial nuclei of numerous gland ducts. Tins is the third case of this type reported in the literature, indicating the importance of including adenovirus in the differential diagnosis of this condition.

Dez pacientes com leishmaniose tegumentar americana, acometidos de lesão em mucosa, foram tratados por meio do isotionato de pentamidina na dose de 4mg/kg, em dias alternados, por via endovenosa. A posologia média correspondeu a 2.140mg. A cicatrização das lesões ocoireu em 9 (90%) dos pacientes que completaram o tratamento. Não houve recidiva no período de acompanhamento de 1 a 24 meses (média de 7, 7 meses). Uma paciente interrompeu o tratamento, antes da cicatrização da lesão, por ter desenvolvido diabetes melito. Em 3 (30%) pacientes, o exame de sangue mostrou aumento da uréia e da creatinina e leucopenia, corrigido pelo espaçamento da administração do medicamento. O isotionato de pentamidina é eficiente na cicatrização das lesões, mas hã necessidade de melhor avaliação de seu valor na prevenção das recidivas.

Ten patients with mucosal lesions caused by American tegumental leishmaniasis were treated with pentamidine isothianate at the dose 4 mg/kg on alternate days by the intravenous route. The mean posology was 2,140mg. Healing of the lesions occurred in 9 (90%) of the patients who completed treatment. There was no recurrence during a follow- up time of 1 to 24 months (mean, 7,7 months). One patient discontinued treatment before healing of the lesion because he developed diabetes mellitus. In 3 (30%)patients, blood exams showed increased urea and creatinine levels and leucopenia, which were corrected by increasing the interval between administrations of the drug. Pmtamidine isothianate is efficient in bringing about cicatrization of the lesions but needs further evaluation in terms of its value in preventing recurrence.