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RESUMEN Propósito de la revisión. HEARTS en las Américas es la adaptación regional de la iniciativa mundial HEARTS, de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, para la prevención y el control de las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV). Su objetivo general es impulsar el cambio de la práctica clínica y de la gestión en los entornos de atención primaria, por parte de los servicios de salud, a fin de mejorar el control de la hipertensión y reducir el riesgo de ECV. En esta revisión se describe la iniciativa HEARTS en las Américas. En primer lugar, se resume la situación epidemiológica regional en cuanto a la mortalidad por ECV y las tendencias en el control de la hipertensión a nivel poblacional; a continuación, se explica la razón de ser de los principales componentes de la intervención: el sistema de manejo orientado a la atención primaria y la vía clínica de HEARTS. Por último, se examinan los factores clave para acelerar la expansión de HEARTS: los medicamentos, la atención basada en el trabajo en equipo y un sistema de monitoreo y evaluación. Resultados recientes. Hasta el momento, 33 países y territorios de América Latina y el Caribe se han comprometido a integrar este programa en toda su red de atención primaria de salud para el 2025. El aumento de la cobertura y del control de la hipertensión en los entornos de atención primaria de salud (en comparación con el modelo tradicional) es prometedor y confirma que las intervenciones que se promueven como parte de HEARTS son factibles y resultan aceptables para las comunidades, los pacientes, los prestadores de servicios de salud, los responsables de la toma de decisiones y los financiadores. En esta revisión se destacan algunos casos de implementación satisfactoria. Conclusiones. Ampliar el uso de un tratamiento eficaz de la hipertensión y optimizar el control del riesgo de ECV es una forma pragmática de acelerar la reducción de la mortalidad por ECV y, al mismo tiempo, de fortalecer los sistemas de atención primaria de salud para responder con calidad y de manera eficaz y equitativa al desafío que entrañan las enfermedades no transmisibles, no solo en los países de ingresos bajos o medianos, sino en todas las comunidades a nivel mundial.

ABSTRACT Purpose of review. HEARTS in the Americas is the regional adaptation of Global Hearts, the World Health Organization initiative for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and control. Its overarching goal is to drive health services to change managerial and clinical practice in primary care settings to improve hypertension control and CVD risk management. This review describes the HEARTS in the Americas initiative. First, the regional epidemiological situation of CVD mortality and population hypertension control trends are summarized; then the rationale for its main intervention components: the primary care-oriented management system and the HEARTS Clinical Pathway are described. Finally, the key factors for accelerating the expansion of HEARTS are examined: medicines, team-based care, and a system for monitoring and evaluation. Recent findings. Thus far, 33 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean have committed to integrating this program across their primary healthcare network by 2025. The increase in hypertension coverage and control in primary health care settings compared with the traditional model is promising and confirms that the interventions under the HEARTS umbrella are feasible and acceptable to communities, patients, providers, decision-makers, and funders. This review highlights some cases of successful implementation. Summary. Scaling up effective treatment for hypertension and optimization of CVD risk management is a pragmatic way to accelerate the reduction of CVD mortality while strengthening primary healthcare systems to respond effectively, with quality, and equitably, to the challenge of non-communicable diseases, not only in low-middle income countries but in all communities globally.

RESUMO Propósito da revisão. HEARTS nas Américas é uma adaptação regional da iniciativa mundial HEARTS, da Organização Mundial da Saúde, voltada para prevenção e controle das doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) na Região das Américas. Seu objetivo geral é promover mudanças na prática clínica e na gestão da atenção primária pelos serviços de saúde a fim de melhorar o controle da hipertensão arterial e reduzir o risco de DCV. Esta revisão descreve a iniciativa HEARTS nas Américas. Primeiro, é apresentado um resumo da situação epidemiológica regional relativa à mortalidade por DCV e das tendências no controle da hipertensão arterial em nível populacional. Em seguida, são explicados os motivos por trás dos principais componentes da intervenção: o sistema de manejo focado na atenção primária e o componente clínico da HEARTS. Por fim, são examinados os principais fatores para acelerar a ampliação da HEARTS: medicamentos, atenção baseada no trabalho em equipe e um sistema de monitoramento e avaliação. Resultados recentes. Até o momento, 33 países e territórios da América Latina e do Caribe se comprometeram a integrar esse programa em toda sua rede de atenção primária à saúde até 2025. Comparado com o modelo tradicional, o aumento da cobertura e do controle da hipertensão arterial nos ambientes de atenção primária à saúde é promissor e confirma que as intervenções promovidas pela HEARTS são exequíveis e aceitas por comunidades, pacientes, prestadores de serviços de saúde, tomadores de decisão e financiadores. Nesta revisão, destacamos alguns casos nos quais a implementação foi satisfatória. Conclusões. Ampliar a aplicação de um tratamento eficaz contra a hipertensão arterial e otimizar o controle do risco de DCV são medidas pragmáticas para acelerar a redução da mortalidade por DCV e, ao mesmo tempo, fortalecer os sistemas de atenção primária à saúde para responder com qualidade, eficácia e equidade ao desafio apresentado pelas doenças não transmissíveis, não apenas nos países de baixa ou média renda, mas no mundo todo.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2024.17

In silico and Experimental Assessments Applied to Preliminary Identification of New Illicit Substances Structures
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Lopes, Karen P. S.

; Lucena, Maria C. C.

; Lopes, Thiago Inacio B.

; Silva, Ámison R. L. da

; Silva, Leonardo P. da

; Monteiro, Norberto K. V.

; Lima-Neto, Pedro de

; Ricardo, Nágila M. P. S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2024, Volume 35 N. 1 elocation e-20230090

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This is an initial study using infrared (IR) in silico data as a standard database in preliminary method for new synthetic seized drugs. For this purpose, ten of the most common synthetic illicit seized substances on the Brazilian market were compared and computational chemistry was used as a tool for theoretical standard database. Infrared data from standard electronic library, experimental data from seized samples and data simulated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) were evaluated. The feasibility of the method was based on the degree of correlation of evaluated data. The results suggest that the computational methodology can be a viable way to analyze the structures of new synthetic drugs and obtain preliminary infrared profiles. Correlations data indicated a presumptive identification of the analyzed samples and it was also possible to observe a preliminary identification of drugs in five classes. However, it was observed that some synthetic cathinones and phenylethylamines were confused with amphetamines. Therefore, new studies must be developed to optimize the use of these data, because the simulated IR spectra can be advantageous to evaluate the profile of possible substances that may be synthesized in the future. (IR purpose library DFT (DFT profiles classes However amphetamines Therefore future

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230090

Biomarkers Profile of the Mysterious 2019 Oil Spill on the Northeast Coast of Brazil and Discrimination from Unreported Events
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Santos, Ignes R. dos

; Lucena, Pedro G. C.

; Moraes, Alex S.

; Carregosa, Jhonattas C.

; Santos, Tarcísio M.

; Wisniewski Jr, Alberto

; Santos, Jandyson M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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nov 2023, Volume 34 N. 11 Pages 1698 - 1706

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In 2019, large amounts of oil reached the northeast coast of Brazil, causing damage to the environment and the local economy, especially in the state of Pernambuco. In order to correlate with possible sources, investigation was made of the geochemical biomarkers of the oils using “gold standard” forensic protocols from the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). The biomarkers study was improved by using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), rather than the standard protocol that suggests use of the selected ion monitoring (SIM) method. Analysis was made of thirteen oil samples from the Pernambuco coast, in order to identify their degrees of similarity and the possible presence of oils from unreported spills. The use of eighteen diagnostic ratios and multivariate analysis revealed a cluster formed by eleven samples with biomarker distributions typical of oil from the 2019 spill. However, two samples had anomalous fingerprints, especially due to the absence of the 18α(H)-oleanane and 18β(H)-oleanane isomers. Both the CEN protocol applied for the classical biomarkers and a comprehensive Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FT-MS) analysis of polar compounds confirmed the dissimilarities between the samples. The findings suggested that these two oils could have originated from an event unrelated to the mysterious 2019 spill.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230120

Long-term oncological and surgical outcomes after Video Endoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy (VEIL) in patients with penile cancer
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Tobias-Machado, Marcos

; Ornellas, Antonio A.

; Hidaka, Alexandre K.

; Medina, Luis G.

; Mattos, Pablo A. L.

; Besio, Ruben S.

; Abreu, Diego

; Castro, Pedro R.

; Nishimoto, Ricardo H.

; Astigueta, Juan

; Dourado, Aurus

; Machado, Roberto D.

; Magnabosco, Wesley J.

; Corona-Montes, Victor

; Villoldo, Gustavo M.

; Zampolli, Hamilton C.

; Taha, Anis

; Auad, Pericles R.

; Faria, Eliney F.

; Arantes, Paulo B. O.

; Tavares, Alessandro

; Nascimento, Francisco S. M. S.

; Brazão Jr., Eder S.

; Rocha, Maurício M.

; Costa, Walter H.

; Panico, Vinicius

; Reis, Leonardo O.

; Almeida-Carrera, Roberto J.

; Silva, Rafael C.

; Zequi, Stênio C.

; Calixto, José R. R.

; Sotelo, Rene

International braz j urol

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oct 2023, Volume 49 N. 5 Pages 580 - 589

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: To report outcomes from the largest multicenter series of penile cancer patients undergoing video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VEIL). Materials and Methods: Retrospective multicenter analysis. Authors of 21 centers from the Penile Cancer Collaborative Coalition-Latin America (PeC-LA) were included. All centers performed the procedure following the same previously described standardized technique. Inclusion criteria included penile cancer patients with no palpable lymph nodes and intermediate/high-risk disease and those with non-fixed palpable lymph nodes less than 4 cm in diameter. Categorical variables are shown as percentages and frequencies whereas continuous variables as mean and range. Results: From 2006 to 2020, 210 VEIL procedures were performed in 105 patients. Mean age was 58 (45-68) years old. Mean operative time was 90 minutes (60-120). Mean lymph node yield was 10 nodes (6-16). Complication rate was 15.7%, including severe complications in 1.9% of procedures. Lymphatic and skin complications were noted in 8.6 and 4.8% of patients, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed lymph node involvement in 26.7% of patients with non-palpable nodes. Inguinal recurrence was observed in 2.8% of patients. 10y- overall survival was 74.2% and 10-y cancer specific survival was 84.8%. CSS for pN0, pN1, pN2 and pN3 were 100%, 82.4%, 72.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Conclusion: VEIL seems to offer appropriate long term oncological control with minimal morbidity. In the absence of non-invasive stratification measures such as dynamic sentinel node biopsy, VEIL emerged as the alternative for the management of non-bulky lymph nodes in penile cancer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0065

Unraveling the Metabolomic Profile and Bioactivities of the Paratoid Gland Secretion from Rhinella granulosa
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Barros, Elcio Daniel S.

; Monção Filho, Evaldo S.

; Fonseca, Mariluce G.

; Alves, Patrícia S.

; Santos, Antônia Laíres S.

; Feitosa, Chistiane M.

; Silva, Dulce Helena S.

; Costa, Pedro Mikael S.

; Pessoa, Cláudia

; Campos, Carmem D. L.

; Monteiro, Cristina A.

; Chaves, Mariana Helena

; Vieira Júnior, Gerardo M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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oct 2023, Volume 34 N. 10 Pages 1398 - 1409

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Toads of the Rhinella genus have a pair of paratoid glands that store biological secretions of high toxicity and varied chemical composition, rich in biologically active compounds. The present work aimed to carry out the investigation of the metabolomic profile and evaluation of the biological potential of the secretion paratoid glands (PGS) from Rhinella granulosa. The paratoid secretion was collected in the Piauí state (Brazil), extracted with methanol and the extract was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Fifty chemical constituents were identified. The extract showed cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines of the central nervous system (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 1.9 µg mL-1) and prostate (IC50 = 1.6 µg mL-1), unsatisfactory antimicrobial potential (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 312 µg mL-1) and inhibited the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 5.119 mg mL-1). The results presented relevant information about the PGS and contributed to the understanding of the metabolomic and biological potential of R. granulosa.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230052

Gas exchange, photosynthetic pigments, and growth of hydroponic okra under salt stress and salicylic acid
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Mendonça, Allysson J. T.

; Lima, Geovani S. de

; Soares, Lauriane A. dos A.

; Oliveira, Valeska K. N.

; Gheyi, Hans R.

; Silva, Luderlândio de A.

; Almeida, Fernandes A. de

; Fernandes, Pedro D.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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sep 2023, Volume 27 N. 9 Pages 673 - 681

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The high concentrations of salts present in the water sources of the Brazilian Northeastern semi-arid region stand out as one of the limiting factors for agricultural production, contributing to soil salinization and/or sodification. Thus, it is extremely important to identify strategies to mitigate the effects of salt stress on plants, such as the foliar application of salicylic acid. In this context, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid as an attenuator of salt stress on leaf gas exchange, water relations, photosynthetic pigments, and growth of okra cv. Canindé grown in a hydroponic system. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in Pombal, PB, Brazil. The treatments consisted of four levels of electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution - ECns (3.0, 5.0, 7.0, and 9.0 dS m-1) and four concentrations of salicylic acid - SA (0, 1.2, 2.4, and 3.6 mM) distributed in a completely randomized design in a split-plot scheme, considering the ECns levels as the plots and SA concentrations as the subplots, with four replicates and two plants per plot. ECns from 3.0 dS m-1 inhibited the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, leaf gas exchange, and growth of okra cv. Canindé. Foliar application of salicylic acid at concentrations of up to 3.6 mM does not alleviate the effects of salt stress on water relations, gas exchange and growth of okra. Salicylic acid at a concentration of 1.8 mM stimulates chlorophyll a and b biosynthesis in okra under ECns of 3.0 and 4.0 dS m-1, respectively.

RESUMO As altas concentrações de sais presentes nas águas no semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro destacam-se como um dos fatores limitantes para produção agrícola, contribuindo para a salinização e/ou sodificação dos solos. Assim, é de extrema importância a identificação de estratégias para amenizar os efeitos do estresse salino sobre as plantas, como a aplicação foliar de ácido salicílico. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o efeito da aplicação foliar de ácido salicílico como atenuante do estresse salino nas trocas gasosas, relações hídricas, pigmentos fotossintéticos e crescimento do quiabeiro cv. Canindé cultivado em sistema hidropônico. O experimento foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação, em Pombal, PB. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de quatro níveis de condutividade elétrica da solução nutritiva - CEsn (3,0; 5,0; 7,0 e 9,0 dS m-1) e quatro concentrações de ácido salicílico - AS (0; 1,2; 2,4 e 3,6 mM) distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, sendo os níveis de CEsn considerados as parcelas e as concentrações de AS as subparcelas, com quatro repetições e duas plantas por parcela. CEsn a partir de 3,0 dS m-1 inibiu a síntese de pigmentos fotossintéticos, as trocas gasosas foliares e o crescimento do quiabeiro cv. Canindé. A aplicação foliar de ácido salicílico em concentração de até 3,6 mM não alivia os efeitos do estresse salino sobre as relações hídricas, trocas gasosas e crescimento do quiabeiro. Ácido salicílico com concentração de 1,8 mM estimula a biossíntese de clorofila a e b em quiabeiro sob CEsn de 3,0 e 4,0 dS m-1, respectivamente.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n9p673-681

Recent Synthetic Developments of Asymmetric Multicomponent Transformations: Strecker, Mannich, Passerini and Ugi Reactions
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Carvalho, Marcelo H. R.

; Amarante, Giovanni W.

; Castro, Pedro P. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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aug 2023, Volume 34 N. 8 Pages 1041 - 1070

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are important transformations, which allow the attainment of structurally complex derivatives in a single step, starting from three or more compounds with relatively simple structures. These reactions are generally associated with the principles of green chemistry, allowing the incorporation of most (or all) atoms of the starting materials in the products (atom economy) and reducing purification steps (and, consequently, the need for solvents and waste production). For a long time, asymmetric methodologies (in special enantioselective protocols) for most multicomponent transformations remained a gap in the literature, limiting the use of these reactions to produce derivatives only as racemates or in low diastereoselectivities. Over the last two decades, a better comprehension of the mechanisms associated with these transformations allowed the development of efficient enantio- and diastereoselective procedures, attracting the interest of both academia and industry. In this review, selected examples of four important multicomponent reactions (Strecker, Mannich, Passerini and Ugi) will be discussed, presenting a general overview of the development of this field and pointing out possible advantages and limitations of the above mentioned methodologies. In some cases, discussions around mechanisms, proposed transition states and activation modes will be detailed disclosed.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230082

A magnetic resonance imaging-based morphometric and structural covariance network study of Brazilian adolescents stratified by depression risk
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Rohrsetzer, Fernanda

; Balardin, Joana Bisol

; Picon, Felipe

; Sato, João Ricardo

; Battel, Lucas

; Viduani, Anna

; Manfro, Pedro Henrique

; Yoon, Leehyun

; Kohrt, Brandon A.

; Fisher, Helen L.

; Mondelli, Valeria

; Swartz, Johnna R.

; Kieling, Christian

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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aug 2023, Volume 45 N. 4 Pages 318 - 326

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Objectives: To explore differences in regional cortical morphometric structure between adolescents at risk for depression or with current depression. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional structural neuroimaging data from a sample of 150 Brazilian adolescents classified as low-risk (LR) (n=50) or high-risk (HR) for depression (n=50) or with current depression (n=50) through a vertex-based approach with measurements of cortical volume (CV), surface area (SA), and cortical thickness (CT). Differences between groups in subcortical volume and in the organization of networks of structural covariance were also explored. Results: No significant differences in brain structure between groups were observed in whole-brain vertex-wise CV, SA, or CT. Also, no significant differences in subcortical volume were observed between risk groups. In relation to the structural covariance network, there was an indication of an increase in the hippocampus betweenness centrality index in the HR group network compared to the LR and current depression group networks. However, this result was only statistically significant when applying false discovery rate correction for nodes within the affective network. Conclusion: In an adolescent sample recruited using an empirically based composite risk score, no major differences in brain structure were detected according to the risk and presence of depression.

https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3037

Fitting Structure-Data Files (.SDF) Libraries to Progenesis QI Identification Searches
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Sanches, Pedro H. G.

; Oliveira, Danilo C. de

; Reis, Ivan G. M. dos

; Fernandes, Anna M. A. P.

; Silva, Alex A. R.

; Eberlin, Marcos N.

; Carvalho, Patrícia O.

; Duarte, Gustavo H. B.

; Porcari, Andreia M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jul 2023, Volume 34 N. 7 Pages 1013 - 1019

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Progenesis QI (PQI) is a multiplatform bioinformatics tool that facilitates the identification workflow for metabolomics experiments. PQI uses fragmentation data provided by MassBank of North America (MoNA) libraries, among others, for metabolite annotation. However, PQI does not officially support MoNA libraries and other libraries based on structure-data files (.sdf). This paper describes the development and application of a software named MoNA to Progenesis QI Library Converter, allowing PQI and MoNA by correcting the fragmentation data of the library for Progenesis readability. We evaluated several public experimental datasets, including human plasma, plant extracts, cultured cells, bacteria, rat serum, and rat hippocampus. The results showed that it is mandatory to proceed with file conversion of each library to allow PQI to access fragmentation information from .msp (main spectra profile) files. This step is highly recommended to improve the identification level of the metabolites.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230016

10.

Characterization of Flavonoids Profiles in Polar Extracts from Croton grewioides Baill. Using Ultra-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Baill UltraHigh Ultra High
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Nascimento, Pedro E. S. do

; Prado, Vilma M. J.

; Jesus, Raphael A. de

; Silva, Wenes R. da

; Wisniewski Jr., Alberto

; Sá Filho, José C. F.

; Blank, Arie F.

; Souza, Daniel A. de

; Wartha, Elma R. S. A.

; Nogueira, Paulo C. L.

; Moraes, Valéria R. S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jul 2023, Volume 34 N. 7 Pages 937 - 948

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Research to identify plant bioactive compounds led to the evolution of extraction methods. This study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to extract the flavonoids of Croton grewioides Baill. species contributing to characterize the polar extract profile and understand the antioxidant potential of these plant constituents. The use of experimental design and statistical treatments enabled the determination of the ideal conditions for each technique. The extracts of five accessions of C. grewioides were obtained under the optimized extraction conditions and were analyzed using ultra high-resolution mass spectrometry (FT-Orbitrap MS) operating at negative ionization mode for flavonoids detection. The accurate experimental mass obtained to the main compounds was used to attribute the molecular formula. Chemical structures of the main compounds detected were proposed using structure data bases. Chemometric analysis were performed with two FT-Orbitrap MS spectra samples using the identified metabolites and, the antioxidant activity data, showing that for this species the MAE was most effective in extracting the antioxidant compounds. It was possible to propose the structures for forty compounds in the C. grewioides extracts, demonstrating the excellent performance of the FT-Orbitrap MS in providing information on the chemical profile of polar compounds in plant extracts. methods ultrasoundassisted ultrasound assisted UAE (UAE microwaveassisted microwave (MAE Baill constituents technique C highresolution high resolution FTOrbitrap FT Orbitrap detection formula bases

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230004

11.

Green Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial and Leishmanicidal Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Obtained from Aqueous Extract of Eucalyptus grandis
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Oliveira, Lucas M. F.

; Silva, Ueveton P. da

; Braga, João Pedro V.

; Teixeira, Álvaro V. N. C.

; Ribon, Andréa O. B.

; Varejão, Eduardo V. V.

; Coelho, Eduardo A. F.

; Freitas, Camila S. de

; Teixeira, Róbson R.

; Moreira, Renata P L.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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apr 2023, Volume 34 N. 4 Pages 527 - 536

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This work describes a green synthesis, the characterization, and biological evaluation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs suspension was synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of Eucalyptus grandis, which presented a characteristic band at 407 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. The AgNPs presented a spherical shape and size of 9.7 ± 0.3 nm. The nanoparticles were stable over a month, indicating that E. grandis’ extract is suitable for their preparation and stabilization. The X-ray analysis showed that the crystallinity of AgNPs corresponded to the centered face phase of silver. The antibacterial and leishmanicidal activities of AgNPs were evaluated. The AgNPs presented antibacterial activity on the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli at 53.9 µg mL-1. The leishmanicidal activity evaluation against promastigote forms of Leishmania infantum, Leishmania amazonensis, and Leishmania braziliensis showed that the biological response is dependent on the volume of AgNP suspension. It was demonstrated that L. infantum was more sensitive to the nanoparticle’s treatment than L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis. The treatment of L infantum promastigotes with 150 µL of AgNP suspension reduced parasite growth by 67.9%, a result which was similar to the treatment with 1 (66.7%) or 2 µL (70.6%) of amphotericin B used as a positive control.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220126

12.

Translation and cultural adaptation of the Short Version of the Reflux Symptom Score: Reflux Symptom Score-12 into Brazilian Portuguese
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Ceccon, Fabio Pupo

; Aires, Mateus Morais

; Lechien, Jerome R.

; Carvalho, Paulo J.P.C.

; Michel, Luciana Cristina Pereira Ferreira

; Carvalho, Nayara Salgado

; Ceccon, Beatrice Haase

; Sartori, Pedro Gracio Ferreira

; Haddad, Leonardo

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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apr 2023, Volume 89 N. 2 Pages 264 - 270

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To describe the process of translation into Brazilian Portuguese and cross-cultural adaptation of the French Reflux Symptom Score-12 questionnaire used for the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux. Methods: This was across-cultural translation and adaptation study of a health instrument, with a cross-sectional design. It was carried out in eight stages: translation from French into Brazilian Portuguese, cultural adaptation by a panel of experts, application of the first version (pilot test 1), adaptation by a panel of experts, application of the second version (pilot test 2), back translation, reviewing by a committee in conjunction with the author of the original instrument and, application of the final version. The Brazilian Portuguese versions of the questionnaire were applied to individuals with symptoms and signs of laryngopharyngeal reflux who underwent pHmetry and esophageal manometry at the study site. Results: In pilot test 1, the first version of the RSS-12 in Brazilian Portuguese was applied to 30 patients. The patients had no difficulty to understand any of the 12 symptom items, but 15 patients (50%) had difficulty interpreting the symptom frequency score. After adapting the format of the frequency score, a version 2 of the RSS-12 in Brazilian Portuguese was applied to another 23 patients, who completed the questionnaire in full without any difficulty. Along with the review committee, the author of the original RSS-12 considered the version 2 to be adequate and did not propose any changes, so it was approved as the final version of the Brazilian Portuguese RSS-12. Conclusion: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the instrument, called Reflux Symptom Score-12 PT-BR, shows good understanding and linguistic, conceptual and content equivalence, in relation to the original Reflux Symptom Score-12.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2022.05.005

13.

Potassium fertilization in the cultivation of sour passion fruit under irrigation strategies with brackish water
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Pinheiro, Francisco W. A.

; Lima, Geovani S. de

; Sousa, Pedro F. do N.

; Souza, Weslley B. B. de

; Soares, Lauriane A. dos A.

; Gheyi, Hans R.

; Felix, Charles M.

; Paiva, Francisco J. da S.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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jan 2023, Volume 27 N. 1 Pages 42 - 50

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO No semiárido brasileiro a ocorrência de fontes de águas com níveis elevados de sais se destaca como fator limitante para produção da maioria das culturas sob condições irrigadas. Desenvolveu-se esta pesquisa com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade física e química de frutos de maracujazeiro-azedo sob estratégias de irrigação com água salobra e doses de potássio. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em condições de campo, utilizando-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 6 × 2, sendo os tratamentos constituídos de seis estratégias de irrigação com águas salobras (SE - irrigação com água de 1,3 dS m-1 durante todo ciclo; irrigação com água de 4,0 dS m-1 na fase vegetativa - VE; floração - FL; frutificação - FR; nas fases sucessivas vegetativa/floração - VE/FL; vegetativa/frutificação - VE/FR) e duas doses de potássio 60 e 100% (345 g de K2O por planta por ano) da recomendação, com quatro repetições e três plantas por parcela. A irrigação com água de 4,0 dS m-1 na fase de floração ou quando utilizada de forma contínua na fase vegetativa e de floração reduziu a produtividade e o tamanho dos frutos de maracujazeiro-azedo. Adubação com 60% da recomendação de K proporcionou a produção de frutos de maracujazeiro-azedo com maior diâmetro polar. É viável o cultivo de maracujazeiro-azedo sob irrigação com água de 4,0 dS m-1 nas fases de floração e frutificação e adubação com 60% da recomendação de K sem perdas nos teores de ácido ascórbico e açúcares solúveis totais.

ABSTRACT In the Brazilian semiarid region, the occurrence of water sources with high salt concentrations stands out as a limiting factor for the production of most crops under irrigated conditions. This research was conducted to evaluate the physical and chemical quality of sour passion fruit as a function of brackish water irrigation strategies and potassium doses. The experiment was carried out under field conditions using a randomized block design in a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, consisting of six strategies of irrigation with brackish water (irrigation with water of 1.3 dS m-1 throughout the cycle - WS; irrigation with water of 4.0 dS m-1 in the vegetative stage - VE; flowering stage - FL; fruiting stage - FR; in the successive vegetative/flowering stages - VE/FL; vegetative/fruiting stages - VE/FR) and two potassium doses: 60 and 100% (345 g of K2O per plant per year) of recommendation, with four replicates and three plants per plot. Irrigation with water of 4.0 dS m-1 in the flowering stage or continuously in the vegetative and flowering stages reduced the yield and size of sour passion fruit. Fertilization with 60% of K is recommended for the production of sour passion fruits with greater polar diameter. It is feasible to cultivate sour passion fruit under irrigation with 4.0 dS m-1 of water in the flowering and fruiting stages and fertilization with 60% of the K recommendation without losses in ascorbic acid and total soluble sugars.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n1p42-50

14.

The Contribution of Meteorological Parameters and the COVID-19 Partial Lockdown on Air Quality in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Beringui, Karmel

; Justo, Elizanne P. S.

; Ventura, Luciana M. B.

; Gomes, Ruan G. S.

; Lionel-Mateus, Vinícius

; Cruz, Alex H. De La

; Almeida, Ana Carolina L. B. de

; Ramos, Michelle B.

; Suazo, Julio Angeles

; Valle, Pedro H. R.

; Gioda, Adriana

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jan 2023, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 69 - 82

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This study evaluated the pollutant levels (NO2, SO2, CO, and O3), air quality index (AQI) and the influence of meteorological variables and coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the air quality in Rio de Janeiro. The data set used comprises periods before (March-April, 2019) and during pandemic (March-April, 2020). According to the AQI results, on most days, the air quality was ranked as “good”. Brazilian air quality standards for SO2, O3, and NO2 were not exceeded in any of the monitoring stations during partial lockdown, while CO exceeded in all periods in one site due to industrial emission. Comparing both periods, descriptive statistics for the meteorological parameters presented no differences, which suggests similar conditions. However, when evaluated week by week in 2020, weather conditions presented some differences that probably affected pollutant concentrations. The correlations between O3 and NO2 and some meteorological parameters indicate that variations in both favored ozone formation, since it is a photochemical process favored by temperature and solar radiation and that, in Rio de Janeiro, low NO2 concentrations lead to increased O3. The improvements on air quality during the partial lockdown may be attributed mainly to a reduction on emission sources rather than weather conditions.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220089

15.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of 1,2,3-Triazole and Ether Derivatives of Paeonol
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Figueroa, Laura Patricia R.

; Santos, Nayara A. dos

; Santiago, Pedro Henrique O.

; Romão, Wanderson

; Lacerda Junior, Valdemar

; Ellena, Javier

; Micheletti, Ana Camila

; Borges, Warley S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jan 2023, Volume 34 N. 1 Pages 25 - 35

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Multi-drug-resistant bacteria (MDR) are the cause of different infections and diseases that have affected humanity for a long time, and have been an emerging global health problem that has led to increased morbidity and mortality. The growing emergence of MDR bacteria has underlined the need for development and discovery of new antibacterial compounds. In this context, a series of new paeonol 1,2,3-triazole and ether derivatives were synthesized using copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction and nucleophilic substitution. Paeonol has been a natural product widely studied due to its many biological activities, as well as its derivatives. Three ether derivatives (two unpublished) and ten triazole derivatives (six unpublished) of paeonol were obtained, which were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and six of them by X-rays, which is the first study of this type presented for these compounds. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated as antibacterial agents against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, obtaining a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) above 100 µg mL-1. The results showed that CuAAC and nucleophilic substitution were very useful to obtain new paeonol triazole and ether derivatives and the products were obtained in yields from 21.3 to 98.5%. The advantages of these reactions (high yield in most compounds, reaction time, low impurities) show that using the method to produce new derivatives is advisable thus assisting in the discovery of new potential bioactive compounds.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220085

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