ABSTRACT The excessive sun exposure, coupled with lack of sun protection represents one of the biggest risks to the occurrence of skin cancer and photoaging. Recent strategies for photoprotection have included the incorporation of natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, into sunscreens, and the oral administration of natural antioxidant extracts. In this work, we use Brazilian red propolis extract because its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this work was to evaluate the sun protection factor and antioxidant activity of different hydroalcoholic extracts of red propolis (70% and 75%) prepared from lyophilized red propolis at room and high temperatures. The sun protection factor in vitro was determined by a spectrophotometric method developed by Mansur. The hydroalcoholic extracts of red propolis incorporated with Filter UVA-UVB 5% Gel Permulem TR-1 presented absorption in the UVB region. Also, the in vitro capacity of the hydroalcoholic extracts of red propolis to increase photoprotective activity of Filter UVA-UVB 5% Gel was evaluated. The hydroalcoholic extracts of red propolis incorporated presented higher values of sun protection factor and showed synergism in the photoprotective activity of Filter UVA-UVB 5% Gel Permulem TR-1. The antioxidant activity and sun protection factor are correlated with total phenolics content of the extracts and the hydroalcoholic extract of red propolis 75% at room temperature was choosen. The formulation developed with Filter UVA-UVB 5% Gel Permulem TR-1 with this hydroalcoholic extract of red propolis showed safe to be applied on the skin according HET-CAM test. Suggests indication of hydroalcoholic extract of red propolis (75% – room temperature) associated to photoprotective formulations for use in photoprotective products.

O objetivo da revisão foi avaliar a eficácia dos exercícios de controle motor nas dores lombares (DL) e pélvicas. O estudo foi uma revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos aleatorizados que investigaram a eficácia dos exercícios de controle motor no tratamento da DL e pélvica de várias populações. A eficácia desses exercícios foi sumarizada de acordo com os níveis de evidência empregados pela organização Cochrane. Oito ensaios cumpriram os critérios de inclusão. Há evidência limitada de que, a curto prazo, nos casos de DL aguda, exercícios de controle motor não sejam mais eficazes do que tratamento médico em diminuir dor e incapacidade. Entretanto, a longo prazo, há evidência limitada de que são capazes de reduzir o índice de recorrência nesses pacientes. Na DL crônica, existe forte evidência da eficácia dos exercícios de controle motor na diminuição da dor e incapacidade, quando comparados à fisioterapia convencional ou a nenhum tratamento. Há evidência limitada de que exercícios de controle motor sejam tão eficazes quanto a cirurgia de fusão lombar. Há evidência limitada de que, a curto e longo prazo, exercícios de controle motor sejam eficazes no tratamento das dores pélvicas pós-parto. Assim, exercícios de controle motor não melhoram a dor e incapacidades nos casos agudos. No entanto, podem ser indicados como prevenção de recorrência e para indivíduos com quadros crônicos a fim de aliviar a dor, reduzir a incapacidade e melhorar a qualidade de vida.

The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the efficacy of motor control exercises for low-back and pelvic pain. It covered randomized controlled trials (RCT) that assessed the efficacy of motor control exercises in the treatment of low-back and pelvic pain of different populations. The effectiveness of the exercises was summarized according to the Cochrane level of evidence criteria. Eight RCT fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There is limited evidence, in the short term, that motor control exercises be more effective than medical treatment to reduce pain and disability in acute low-back pain. In turn, in the long term, there is limited evidence that exercises reduce recurrence in these patients. For chronic low-back pain there is strong evidence that motor control exercises are more effective in reducing pain and disability than conventional physical therapy or no treatment. There is limited evidence that motor control exercises are as equally effective as lumbar fusion surgery. There is limited evidence, in the short and long term, that specific stabilization exercises are effective in treating pelvic pain after delivery. Thus, motor control exercises do not relieve pain and disability in the acute low-back pain. However, they can be prescribed for prevention and treatment of chronic cases, thus relieving pain, reducing disability and improving these patients quality of life.