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1.
[SciELO Preprints] - Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy – 2024
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Fernandes, Fabio
Simões, Marcus V.
Correia, Edileide de Barros
Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana G.
Coelho-Filho, Otavio Rizzi
Mesquita, Cláudio Tinoco
Mathias-Junior, Wilson
Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo
Ramires, Felix José Alvarez
Alves, Silvia Marinho Martins
Montera, Marcelo Westerlund
Lopes, Renato Delascio
Oliveira-Junior, Mucio Tavares
Scolari, Fernando L.
Avila, Walkiria Samuel
Canesin, Manoel Fernandes
Bacal, Fernando
Bocchi, Edimar Alcides
Moura, Lídia Ana Zytynski
Saad, Eduardo Benchimol
Scanavacca, Mauricio I.
Valdigem, Bruno Pereira
Cano , Manuel Nicolas
Abizaid , Alexandre
Ribeiro, Henrique Barbosa
Lemos-Neto, Pedro Alves
Ribeiro, Gustavo Calado de Aguiar
Jatene, Fabio Biscegli
Dias, Ricardo Ribeiro
Beck-da-Silva, Luis
Rohde, Luis Eduardo P.
Bittencourt, Marcelo Imbroinise
Pereira, Alexandre
Krieger, José Eduardo
Villacorta, Humberto
Martins, Wolney de Andrade
Figueiredo-Neto, José Albuquerque de
Cardoso , Juliano Novaes
Pastore, Carlos Alberto
Jatene, Ieda Biscegli
Tanaka, Ana Cristina Sayuri
Hotta, Viviane Tiemi
Romano, Minna Moreira Dias
Albuquerque, Denilson Campos de
Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo
Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão
Brito, Fabio Sandoli de
Caramelli , Bruno
Calderaro, Daniela
Farsky, Pedro Silvio
Colafranceschi , Alexandre Siciliano
Pinto, Ibraim Masciarelli
Vieira , Marcelo Luiz Campos
Danzmann, Luiz Claudio
Barberato , Silvio Henrique
Mady, Charles
Martinelli-Filho, Martino
Torbey , Ana Flavia Malheiros
Schwartzmann, Pedro Vellosa
Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli
Ferreira , Silvia Moreira Ayub
Schmidt, Andre
Melo , Marcelo Dantas Tavares de
Lima-Filho, Moysés Oliveira
Sposito, Andrei C.
Brito, Flavio de Souza
Biolo, Andreia
Madrini-Junior, Vagner
Rizk, Stéphanie Itala
Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco
A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica (CMH) é uma forma de doença do músculo cardíaco de causa genética, caracterizada pela hipertrofia das paredes ventriculares. O diagnóstico requer detecção por métodos de imagem (Ecocardiograma ou Ressonância Magnética Cardíaca) de qualquer segmento da parede do ventrículo esquerdo com espessura > 15 mm, sem outra causa provável. A análise genética permite identificar mutações de genes codificantes de diferentes estruturas do sarcômero responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento da CMH em cerca de 60% dos casos, permitindo o rastreio de familiares e aconselhamento genético, como parte importante do manejo dos pacientes e familiares. Vários conceitos sobre a CMH foram recentemente revistos, incluindo sua prevalência de 1 em 250 indivíduos, não sendo, portanto, uma doença rara, mas subdiagnosticada. A vasta maioria dos pacientes é assintomática. Naqueles sintomáticos, a obstrução do trato de saída do ventrículo esquerdo (OTSVE) é o principal distúrbio responsável pelos sintomas, devendo-se investigar a sua presença em todos os casos. Naqueles em que o ecocardiograma em repouso ou com Manobra de Valsalva não detecta gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), devem ser submetidos à ecocardiografia com esforço físico para detecção da OTSVE. Pacientes com sintomas limitantes e grave OTSVE, refratários ao uso de betabloqueadores e verapamil, devem receber terapias de redução septal ou uso de novas drogas inibidoras da miosina cardíaca. Por fim, os pacientes adequadamente identificados com risco aumentado de morta súbita podem receber medida profilática com implante de cardiodesfibrilador implantável (CDI).
La miocardiopatía hipertrófica (MCH) es una forma de enfermedad cardíaca de origen genético, caracterizada por el engrosamiento de las paredes ventriculares. El diagnóstico requiere la detección mediante métodos de imagen (Ecocardiograma o Resonancia Magnética Cardíaca) que muestren algún segmento de la pared ventricular izquierda con un grosor > 15 mm, sin otra causa probable. El análisis genético permite identificar mutaciones en genes que codifican diferentes estructuras del sarcómero responsables del desarrollo de la MCH en aproximadamente el 60% de los casos, lo que permite el tamizaje de familiares y el asesoramiento genético, como parte importante del manejo de pacientes y familiares. Varios conceptos sobre la MCH han sido revisados recientemente, incluida su prevalencia de 1 entre 250 individuos, por lo tanto, no es una enfermedad rara, sino subdiagnosticada. La gran mayoría de los pacientes son asintomáticos. En los casos sintomáticos, la obstrucción del tracto de salida ventricular izquierdo (TSVI) es el trastorno principal responsable de los síntomas, y su presencia debe investigarse en todos los casos. En aquellos en los que el ecocardiograma en reposo o la maniobra de Valsalva no detecta un gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), deben someterse a ecocardiografía de esfuerzo para detectar la obstrucción del TSVI. Los pacientes con síntomas limitantes y obstrucción grave del TSVI, refractarios al uso de betabloqueantes y verapamilo, deben recibir terapias de reducción septal o usar nuevos medicamentos inhibidores de la miosina cardíaca. Finalmente, los pacientes adecuadamente identificados con un riesgo aumentado de muerte súbita pueden recibir medidas profilácticas con el implante de un cardioversor-desfibrilador implantable (CDI).
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a form of genetically caused heart muscle disease, characterized by the thickening of the ventricular walls. Diagnosis requires detection through imaging methods (Echocardiogram or Cardiac Magnetic Resonance) showing any segment of the left ventricular wall with a thickness > 15 mm, without any other probable cause. Genetic analysis allows the identification of mutations in genes encoding different structures of the sarcomere responsible for the development of HCM in about 60% of cases, enabling screening of family members and genetic counseling, as an important part of patient and family management. Several concepts about HCM have recently been reviewed, including its prevalence of 1 in 250 individuals, hence not a rare but rather underdiagnosed disease. The vast majority of patients are asymptomatic. In symptomatic cases, obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) is the primary disorder responsible for symptoms, and its presence should be investigated in all cases. In those where resting echocardiogram or Valsalva maneuver does not detect significant intraventricular gradient (> 30 mmHg), they should undergo stress echocardiography to detect LVOT obstruction. Patients with limiting symptoms and severe LVOT obstruction, refractory to beta-blockers and verapamil, should receive septal reduction therapies or use new drugs inhibiting cardiac myosin. Finally, appropriately identified patients at increased risk of sudden death may receive prophylactic measure with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation.
2.
Genetic diversity of the species Cnesterodon hypselurus (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) in Cinzas River basin: new record and headwater capture evidences
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Ferreira, Dhiego G.
; Galindo, Bruno A.
; Souza, Tais C. de
; Pereira, Leonardo B.
; Bernardes, Victor A. P.
; Marques, Ana J. C.
; Frantine-Silva, Wilson
; Kotelok-Diniz, Thais
; Aggio, Carlos E. G.
; Apolinário-Silva, Caroline
; Zanatta, Augusto S.
; Sofia, Silvia H.
.
Abstract Cnesterodon hypselurus is a small fish that has a restricted distribution in southern Brazil, including headwaters of the Tibagi and Itararé river basins (Upper Paraná River). This study reported C. hypselurus in a headwater of Cinzas River basin, where there were no previous records of this species, and employed microsatellite loci and mitochondrial haplotypes in a population genetic analysis. A total of 57 specimens was analyzed, including 30 from Cinzas River basin, 25 from Itararé River basin and two from Tibagi River basin. Results indicated low genetic diversity levels (HE = 0.334 and h = 0.246) for the sample from Cinzas River, suggesting reflections of a founder effect after the species had dispersed from one watershed to another, possibly by headwater captures. Since different populations were detected between the Cinzas and Itararé rivers (DEST = 0.248, P-value < 0.05) and other occurrence sites are still unknown in the Cinzas River basin, the data herein have great relevance and should be taken into account in future management and conservation actions, as well as in evolutionary studies of C. hypselurus.
Resumo Cnesterodon hypselurus é um pequeno peixe que possui distribuição restrita no sul do Brasil, incluindo cabeceiras das bacias dos rios Tibagi e Itararé (alto rio Paraná). Este estudo reportou C. hypselurus na cabeceira da bacia do rio das Cinzas, onde não havia registros prévios desta espécie, e empregou locos microssatélites e haplótipos mitocondriais em uma análise genética de populações. Um total de 57 espécimes foi analisado, incluindo 30 do rio das Cinzas, 25 da bacia do rio Itararé e dois da bacia do rio Tibagi. Os resultados indicaram baixos níveis de diversidade genética (HE = 0,334 e h = 0,246) para a amostra do rio das Cinzas, sugerindo reflexos de um efeito fundador após a espécie ter dispersado de uma bacia para a outra, possivelmente a partir de captura de cabeceiras. Uma vez que diferentes populações foram detectadas entre os rios das Cinzas e Itararé (DEST = 0,248, valor de P < 0,05) e que outros pontos de ocorrência ainda são desconhecidos na bacia do rio das Cinzas, os dados do presente estudo mostram grande relevância e deveriam ser considerados em futuras ações de manejo e conservação, bem como em estudos evolutivos de C. hypselurus.
3.
Response of plants used in cover crop mix to Meloidogyne enterolobii, Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus brachyurus
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Lopes, Ana Paula Mendes
; Pereira, Alana Emanoele
; Baquião, Eunice Maria
; Amorin, Deucleiton Jardim
; Wilcken, Silvia Renata Siciliano
.
ABSTRACT Cover crop species have been used in mixes in order to improve soil conditions; however, it is important to evaluate the relationship of the employed cultivars with phytonematodes to identify those that do not multiply the pathogens in the cultivated area. This study aimed to assess the response of 11 plant species used in cover crop mix to Meloidogyne enterolobii, M. incognita and Pratylenchus brachyurus. Six experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized design, with five replications. BMX Potência RR soybean and Santa Clara tomato were used as controls. In at least one of the experiments, IPR 91 Baili buckwheat was susceptible (reproduction factor - RF ≥ 1) to M. enterolobii, M. incognita and P. brachyurus. Common white lupin, URS Altiva white oat, Iapar 61 (Ibiporã) black oat and Embrapa 139 (Neblina) black oat were susceptible to M. enterolobii and M. incognita and resistant (RF < 1) and/or immune (RF = 0) to P. brachyurus. IPR 89 rye and IPR 116 radish were found susceptible to M. incognita and P. brachyurus and resistant to M. enterolobii. BRS 1501 millet and Embrapa 29 (Garoa) black oat were susceptible to M. incognita and resistant/immune to M. enterolobii and P. brachyurus. Brachiaria ruziziensis was considered resistant to M. enterolobii and M. incognita and susceptible to P. brachyurus. URS Corona white oat was the only cover crop considered to be resistant and/or immune to all the nematode species evaluated.
RESUMO Espécies de plantas de cobertura vêm sendo utilizadas em mixes, visando melhorar as condições do solo; porém, é importante avaliar a relação das cultivares utilizadas com fitonematoides, a fim de identificar aquelas que não multipliquem os patógenos na área cultivada. Objetivou-se avaliar a reação de 11 espécies vegetais utilizadas em mix de plantas de cobertura a Meloidogyne enterolobii, M. incognita e Pratylenchus brachyurus. Foram conduzidos 6 experimentos em casa-de-vegetação, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 5 repetições, utilizando-se a soja BMX Potência RR e o tomate Santa Clara como testemunhas. Em pelo menos um dos experimentos, o trigo mourisco IPR 91 Baili foi suscetível (fator de reprodução - FR ≥ 1) a M. enterolobii, M. incognita e P. brachyurus. O tremoço-branco cv. comum, aveia branca URS Altiva, aveia preta Iapar 61 (Ibiporã) e aveia preta Embrapa 139 (Neblina) foram suscetíveis a M. enterolobii e M. incognita e resistentes (FR < 1) e/ou imunes (FR = 0) a P. brachyurus. O centeio IPR 89 e o nabo forrageiro IPR 116 foram suscetíveis a M. incognita e P. brachyurus e resistentes a M. enterolobii. O milheto BRS 1501 e a aveia preta Embrapa 29 (Garoa) foram suscetíveis a M. incognita e resistentes/imunes a M. enterolobii e P. brachyurus. A Brachiaria ruziziensis foi considerada resistente a M. enterolobii e M. incognita e suscetível a P. brachyurus. A aveia branca URS Corona foi a única planta considerada resistente e/ou imune para todas as espécies de nematoides avaliadas.
4.
Use and misuse of biomarkers and the role of D-dimer and C-reactive protein in the management of COVID-19: A post-hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study
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Gonçalves, Fabio Augusto Rodrigues
; Besen, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro
; Lima, Clarice Antunes de
; Corá, Aline Pivetta
; Pereira, Antônio José Rodrigues
; Perazzio, Sandro Félix
; Gouvea, Christiane Pereira
; Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes
; Trindade, Evelinda Marramon
; Sumita, Nairo Massakazu
; Duarte, Alberto José da Silva
; Lichtenstein, Arnaldo
; Bonfa, Eloisa
; Utiyama, Edivaldo M.
; Segurado, Aluisio C.
; Perondi, Beatriz
; Miethke-Morais, Anna
; Montal, Amanda C.
; Harima, Leila
; Fusco, Solange R. G.
; Silva, Marjorie F.
; Rocha, Marcelo C.
; Marcilio, Izabel
; Rios, Izabel Cristina
; Kawano, Fabiane Yumi Ogihara
; Jesus, Maria Amélia de
; Kallas, Ésper George
; Carmo, Carolina
; Tanaka, Clarice
; Souza, Heraldo Possolo de
; Marchini, Julio F. M.
; Carvalho, Carlos
; Ferreira, Juliana C.
; Levin, Anna Sara Shafferman
; Oliveira, Maura Salaroli
; Guimarães, Thaís
; Lázari, Carolina dos Santos
; Sabino, Ester
; Magri, Marcello M. C.
; Barros-Filho, Tarcisio E. P.
; Francisco, Maria Cristina Peres Braido
; Costa, Silvia F.
.
OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high mortality among hospitalized patients and incurs high costs. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection can trigger both inflammatory and thrombotic processes, and these complications can lead to a poorer prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the association and temporal trends of D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels with the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), hospital mortality, and costs among inpatients with COVID-19. METHODS: Data were extracted from electronic patient records and laboratory databases. Crude and adjusted associations for age, sex, number of comorbidities, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at admission, and D-dimer or CRP logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations. RESULTS: Between March and June 2020, COVID-19 was documented in 3,254 inpatients. The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL fibrinogen equivalent unit (FEU) mortality odds ratio (OR) was 4.48 (adjusted OR: 1.97). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for death was 7.73 (adjusted OR: 3.93). The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL FEU VTE OR was 3.96 (adjusted OR: 3.26). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for VTE was 2.71 (adjusted OR: 1.92). All these analyses were statistically significant (p<0.001). Stratified hospital costs demonstrated a dose-response pattern. Adjusted D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher mortality and doubled hospital costs. In the first week, elevated D-dimer levels predicted VTE occurrence and systemic inflammatory harm, while CRP was a hospital mortality predictor. CONCLUSION: D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher hospital mortality and a higher incidence of VTE. D-dimer was more strongly associated with VTE, although its discriminative ability was poor, while CRP was a stronger predictor of hospital mortality. Their use outside the usual indications should not be modified and should be discouraged.
5.
COVID-19: Imunidade e Estratégicas Terapêuticas
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6.
Clostridial diseases diagnosed in cattle from the South of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A forty-year survey (1978-2018) and a brief review of the literature
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Santos, Bianca L.
; Ladeira, Silvia R.L.
; Riet-Correa, Franklin
; Soares, Mauro P.
; Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton
; Sallis, Eliza Simone V.
; Raffi, Margarida B.
; Schild, Ana Lucia
.
RESUMO: Clostridioses são doenças produzidas por alguma das espécies do gênero Clostridium e são importantes causas de perdas pecuárias no sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisas anuais realizadas no Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (LRD-UFPel) desde 1978 demonstraram que as clostridioses representaram 11,1% das doenças bacterianas diagnosticadas em bovinos e 1,65% de todos os diagnósticos de doenças em bovinos ao longo de 40 anos. O objetivo deste estudo é revisar os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e patológicos das clostridioses diagnosticadas de janeiro de 1978 a dezembro de 2018, pelo LRD/UFPel com a intenção de que esse trabalho possa servir de guia útil para os veterinários de campo e fazendeiros interessados. Foram avaliados e revisados os protocolos de necropsia de 6.736 bovinos; essas necropsias foram realizadas pelo pessoal do LRD/UFPel ou por veterinários de campo. Cento e quatro (1,16%) casos foram diagnosticados como clostridioses, distribuídos da seguinte forma: 35 surtos de tétano, 34 de cartbúnculo sintomático, 23 de hemoglobinúria bacilar, 11 de edema maligno (gangrena gasosa) e oito de botulismo. Aproximadamente 904, de um total de 42.480 bovinos sob-risco, morreram nesses surtos.
ABSTRACT: Clostridial diseases are important causes of livestock losses in the southern Rio Grande do Sul. Since 1978 annual surveys conducted at the “Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico” of the “Universidade Federal de Pelotas” (LRD-UFPel) have shown that clostridial diseases represent 10.40% of the bacterial diseases diagnosed in cattle and 1.65% of all diseases diagnosis in cattle over a 40-year period. The purpose of this study is to review the clinical, epidemiological and pathological aspects of the clostridial diseases diagnosed in cattle from January 1978 to December 2018 at the LRD-UFPel in the hopes that it will constitute a useful guide for field veterinary practitioners and interested farmers. We assessed and review the necropsy protocols of 6,736 cattle; these necropsies were performed either by LRD-UFPel faculty or by field veterinary practitioners; 111 outbreaks (1.65%) were diagnosed as clostridial disease, distributed as follows: 35 outbreaks of tetanus, 34 of blackleg, 23 of bacillary hemoglobinuria, 11 of malignant edema (gas gangrene), and eight of botulism. Approximately 904, from a total of 42,480 cattle at risk, died in these outbreaks.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6333
4316 downloads
7.
Changes in phenotypic variability of two tropical woody species due to short and long-term exposure to different irradiances
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Pereira, Silvia
; Frosi, Gabriella
; Oliveira, Marciel Teixeira de
; Lustosa, Bruno Melo
; Arruda, Emília Pereira
; Santos, Mauro Guida
.
ABSTRACT Studies addressing the physiological and anatomical responses of plants under different light intensities normally are performed in short term. Thus, the present study includes a long term analysis. This study aims to verify whether the phenotypic variability off attributes in two woody tropical specieis, Paquira aquatica and Sterculia foetida, are compatible both under short term exposure to different light availability levels (full-light and half-light local irradiance) and long-term exposure in the same conditions. The study was developed in two phases: phase I (short term) and phase II (long term). The variables measured were referent to CO2 assimilation responses to light intensity, chlorophyll a fluorescence, chlorophyll content, morpho-anatomical attributes and phenotypic variability. In phase I, P. aquatica had differences between treatments in Amax (maximum net photosynthesis) and LCP (light compensation point), without differences in these attributes in phase II. S. foetida plants had differences only in phase I in Amax. In anatomical attributes, P. aquatica had a higher palisade and spongy parenchyma and mesophyll thickness compared to S. foetida plants, without differences between light treatments. In S. foetida, the aforementioned cell layers were thicker in full-light treatment. Both species showed a higher phenotypic variability in the same physiological attributes in phase I and similar attributes for mesophyll thickness of the abaxial epidermis in phase II. The species showed different anatomical and physiological strategies, however with plastic responses in similar attributes, only observable after a longer period of exposure. The results indicated the importance of lengthy exposure to light, mainly in tropical species, wich are naturally exposed to elevated irradiance levels for an extended period of time in the field.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.2017229
1041 downloads
8.
Serological and molecular techniques applied for identification of Plasmodium spp. in blood samples from nonhuman primates
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Figueiredo, Mayra Araguaia Pereira
; Di Santi, Silvia Maria
; Manrique, Wilson Gómez
; André, Marcos Rogério
; Machado, Rosangela Zacarias
.
Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária
- Journal Metrics
Resumo Neste estudo objetivamos identificar Plasmodium spp. em amostras sangue de primatas não humanos (PNH) do estado do Maranhão, utilizando técnicas clássicas e alternativas para o exame da malária humana. Foram analisadas 161 amostras de sangue de PNH, sendo 141 de CETAS (cativeiro) e 20 de reserva particular (vida livre), utilizando microscopia, teste de diagnóstico rápido (RDT), imunofluorescência indireta (IFI) e técnicas moleculares (semi-nested PCR, PCR em tempo real quantitativo e LAMP). Dois métodos sorológicos (dot-ELISA e ELISA indireto) também foram padronizados com antígenos solúveis de roptrias de P. falciparum e P. berghei. Formas trofozoíticas de Plasmodium sp. foram identificadas em lâminas de cinco animais diferentes. Nenhuma amostra foi positiva em TDR e LAMP. Quatro amostras foram soropositivas para P. malariae na IFI. Os soros de PNH mostraram baixa reatividade pelo ELISA indireto. Plasmodium sp. foi detectado em 34,16% (55/161) das amostras utilizando a qPCR baseada no gene 18S rRNA. No sequenciamento, duas amostras mostraram identidade com P. malariae (100%), uma com Plasmodium sp. ZOOBH (97%) e uma com P. falciparum (99%). A PCR mostrou ser a técnica mais sensível para diagnósticos de Plasmodium em amostras de PNH.
Abstract The aim of this study was to identify Plasmodium spp. in blood samples from nonhuman primates (NHPs) in the state of Maranhão, using classical and alternative techniques for examination of human malaria. A total of 161 blood samples from NHPs were analyzed: 141 from captive animals at a Wildlife Screening Center (CETAS) and 20 from free-living animals in a private reserve. The techniques used were microscopy, rapid diagnostic test (RDT), Indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and molecular techniques (semi-nested PCR, quantitative real-time PCR and LAMP). Two serological methods (dot-ELISA and indirect ELISA) were also standardized with rhoptry protein-soluble antigen of P. falciparum and P. berghei. Trophozoite forms of Plasmodium sp. were identified on slides from five different animals. No samples were positive through RDT and LAMP. Four samples were seropositive for P. malariae through IFAT. The samples showed low reactivity to ELISA. Plasmodium sp. was detected in 34.16% (55/161) of the samples using qPCR based on the 18S rRNA gene. After sequencing, two samples showed 100% identityl to P. malariae, one showed 97% identity to Plasmodium sp. ZOOBH and one showed 99% identity to P. falciparum . PCR was shown to be the most sensitive technique for diagnosing Plasmodium in NHP samples.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-296120180043
1508 downloads
9.
Comparative study of the presence of heavy metals utilizing epiphytic corticolous lichens in Talca city, Maule Region, Chile
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ABSTRACT The concentrations of Cu, Cr, Fe, Pb and Zn in thallus of three species of epiphytic lichens were determined: Flavopunctelia flaventior, Phaeophyscia orbicularis and Ramalina ecklonii, collected in three sectors of Talca city (Region of Maule, Chile), which have been exposed to different human activities. The first collection of samples was carried out by Pereira & Tapia. in 1999 and those results were compared with samples collected in 2016. Metal determinations were made by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, considering the thallus of each lichen as representative sample for analysis. The methodological validation was carried out using certified reference material (SRM-1570). The highest levels of concentration in the three sectors and for the two sampling periods were for Fe > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cr > Cd. In 1999, the range of concentrations of the heavy metals in dry wet varied 335.5-1724 μg/g for iron (Fe); 40.7-209.5 μg/g for zinc (Zn); 10.4-64.2 μg/g for lead (Pb); 10-28.7 μg/g for copper (Cu); 0.6-4.8 μg/g for chromium and 0.1-0.4 μg/g for cadmium (Cd) while in 2016 the ranges were 1356.6-14280.4 μg/g for iron (Fe); 26.8-179.5 μg/g for zinc (Zn); 13.5-102.5 μg/g for lead (Pb); 7.9-36.2 μg/g for copper (Cu); 3.6-24.6 μg/g for chromium and not detected for cadmium (Cd). The samples collected in 2016 generally showed higher concentration levels of Fe, Cu, Cr and Pb than those collected in 1999, especially those corresponding to the central area of the city of Talca. According to the results, the species that accumulated more heavy metals were P. orbicularis followed by F. flaventior and last R. ecklonii. It can be concluded that foliose species are potentially better candidates to be used as long-term bioindicators than the fruticose species. The downtown sector of the city is the most polluted due to the presence of tannery industries and the increase of vehicular traffic that the city has had in the last two decades as a result of agricultural development and population growth.
RESUMEN Se determinó las concentraciones de Cu, Cr, Fe, Pb y Zn en talos de tres especies de líquenes epífitos: Flavopunctelia flaventior, Phaeophyscia orbicularis y Ramalina ecklonii, colectados en tres sectores de la ciudad de Talca (Región del Maule, Chile), expuestos a diferentes actividades humanas. La primera recoleccón de muestras fue realizada por Pereira & Tapia en 1999 y sus resultados se compararon con muestras colectadas el año 2016. Las determinaciones de metales se realizaron por espectroscopia de absorción atómica con llama, considerando para su análisis el talo de cada liquen como muestra representativa. La validación metodológica se realizó utilizando material de referencia certificado (SRM-1570). Los mayores niveles de concentración en los tres sectores y en los dos períodos de muestreo fueron para Fe > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cr > Cd. En 1999, el rango de concentraciones de los metales pesados en peso seco varió: 335,5-1724 μg/g para fierro (Fe); 40,7-209,5 μg/g para zinc (Zn); 10,4-64,2 μg/g para plomo (Pb); 10-28,7 μg/g para cobre (Cu); 0,6-4,8 μg/g para cromo (Cr); 0,1-0,4 μg/g para cadmio (Cd), mientras que en el 2016 los rangos fueron: 1356,6-14280,4 μg/g para fierro (Fe); 26,8-179,5 μg/g para zinc (Zn); 13,5-102,5 μg/g para plomo (Pb); 7,9-36,2 μg/g para cobre (Cu); 3,6-24,6 μg/g para cromo (Cr) y no detectado para cadmio (Cd). Las muestras colectadas el año 2016 presentaron en general mayores niveles de concentración de Fe, Cu, Pb y Cr que las colectadas el año 1999, especialmente las correspondientes a la zona central de la ciudad de Talca. De acuerdo a los resultados, las especies que más metales pesados acumularon fueron P. orbicularis seguidas por F. flaventior y R. ecklonii. Se puede concluir que las especies foliosas son potencialmente las mejores candidatas para ser usadas como bioindicadores de largo plazo que la especie fruticosa. El sector céntrico de la ciudad es el más contaminado debido a la presencia de industrias de curtiduría y al aumento de tráfico vehicular que ha tenido la ciudad en las últimas dos décadas producto del desarrollo agrícola y el crecimiento de la población.
720 downloads
10.
Phosphate solubilization by endophytic bacteria isolated from banana trees
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MATOS, AMANDA D.M.
; GOMES, IZABELA C.P.
; NIETSCHE, SILVIA
; XAVIER, ADELICA A.
; GOMES, WELLINGTON S.
; DOS SANTOS NETO, JOSÉ A.
; PEREIRA, MARLON C.T.
.
ABSTRACT Forty isolates of endophytic bacteria isolated from banana tree roots were assessed as to their capacity to solubilize phosphate in a solid culture medium supplemented with different inorganic and one organic source of phosphorus. The amount of phosphorus (P) in each liquid medium was quantified, and an indirect assessment of acid phosphatase activity was performed. All assays had a fully randomized design, with three repetitions. Approximately 67.5% of the 40 isolates assessed in solid medium solubilized phosphorus from tricalcium phosphate and 7.5% of the isolates solubilized phosphorus from soy lecithin; no isolates exhibited P solubilization capacity in medium supplemented with iron phosphate. Acid phosphatase activity was detected in 65% of the isolates; Aneurinibacillus sp. and Lysinibacillus sp. isolates presented with the best solubilization indexes. All of the assessed isolates exhibited a capacity to reduce the potential of hydrogen in liquid medium supplemented with tricalcium phosphate. Isolate EB. 78 (Bacillus sp.) exhibited P solubilization capacity in solid media when Ca3(PO4)2 and soy lecithin were used as P sources; this isolate significantly reduced the pH of the liquid medium and exhibited acid phosphatase activity. The results of the present study highlight isolates that exhibit variations in their capacity to solubilize P. These isolates should be used in future tests to assess their field performance.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720160111
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11.
Phytochemical analysis and fungicide potential of Pouteria ramiflora against Lasiodiplodia theobromae
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Oliveira, Ademir Kleber M
; Rizzi, Elvia Silvia
; Pereira, Kelly Cristina L
; Bono, José Antônio M
; Matias, José Carlos Pina; Rosemary
.
RESUMO O uso de extratos vegetais pode ser uma das alternativas para reduzir o uso de agrotóxicos e controlar doenças e pragas que afetam a produção agrícola. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a caracterização química do extrato e frações das folhas de Pouteria ramiflora e determinar o potencial fungistático sobre Lasiodiplodia theobromae. O extrato etanólico, das folhas secas e trituradas, foi obtido por maceração. Parte desse extrato foi sequencialmente particionado e dele obtidas as frações: hexano, diclorometano, clorofórmio, acetato de etíla, n-butanol e hidrometanólica, submetidos à análise fitoquímica e utilizados nos bioensaios. O desenvolvimento experimental consistiu em adicionar um disco (5 mm) de micélio de L. theobromae, obtido a partir de colônia pura, no centro de placas de Petri, com meio de cultura BDA (batata-dextrose-ágar) acrescido do extrato e das frações em diferentes concentrações (800, 1.200, 1.600, 2.000 e 2.400 µg/mL). As placas foram incubadas em B.O.D. (25±2ºC) e as avaliações realizadas por meio da medição do diâmetro das colônias até atingir a borda da placa. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições, sendo os tratamentos constituídos do fatorial de sete extratos/frações e seis concentrações, além de um controle (BDA). Os dados do Índice de Velocidade de Crescimento Micelial (IVCM) foram submetidos à análise de variância e quando os resultados foram significativos, foi realizada a análise de regressão. Todos os extrato/frações diminuíram o IVCM de L. theobromae, à medida que se aumentavam as concentrações. A redução mais significativa ocorreu na fração n-butanólica; sua eficiência pode estar relacionada com a presença dos flavonoides e antraquinonas. O extrato e frações de P. ramiflora, uma arbórea do Cerrado Sul-Mato-Grossense, foi eficiente no controle de L. theobromae, apresentando potencial para seu controle em cultivos orgânicos ou em sistemas de manejo integrado.
ABSTRACT The use of plant extracts can be an alternative to reduce the use of pesticides, to control diseases and pests that affect agricultural production. The aim of this study was the chemical characterization of the extract and fractions of Pouteria ramiflora leaves and to determine its fungistatic potential on Lasiodiplodia theobromae. The ethanolic extract of dried and crushed leaves was obtained by maceration. Part of this extract was sequentially partitioned and the following fractions were obtained: hexane, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butyl, and hydromethanol for subsequent bioassay, and qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis. Experimental development comprises of adding a L. theobromae mycelial disk (5 mm), obtained from pure colonies, in the middle of Petri dishes with PDA culture growth (potato-dextrose-agar) plus the aforementioned substances in different concentrations (800; 1,200; 1,600; 2,000, and 2,400 µg/mL), and a control treatment (PDA). The plates were incubated in B.O.D. (25±2°C), and the assessment was performed by measuring the diameter of the colonies until it reaches the edge of the board. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replications, and the treatments were constituted of a factorial of seven extracts/fractions and six concentrations. For the Mycelial Growth Rate Index (MGRI) obtained, the analysis of variance was performed, and when significant, the regression analysis was performed. All extract/fractions decreased MGRI of L. theobromae, as the concentrations were increased. The best MGRI reduction occurred in n-butanolic fraction, and the efficiency of this fraction may be related to the presence of flavonoids and anthraquinones. The extract and fractions of P. ramiflora, a tree from the Cerrado biome in Mato Grosso do Sul, was effective in the control of L. theobromae, which can be used as a control option in organic farming or in integrated management systems.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-053620170414
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12.
Different physiological responses under drought stress result in different recovery abilities of two tropical woody evergreen species
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Frosi, Gabriella
; Harand, Wolfgang
; Oliveira, Marciel Teixeira de
; Pereira, Silvia
; Cabral, Simone Pereira
; Montenegro, Abelardo Antônio de Assunção
; Santos, Mauro Guida
.
ABSTRACT The effects of water deficit on physiological and biochemical variables of young plants of two tropical woody species, Pachira aquatica and Sterculia foetida, and their recovery abilities were measured. Leaf water potential, gas exchange and selected carbon metabolism components were measured in a greenhouse experiment with control, moderate and severe water deficit treatments. Under severe drought stress, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence decreased in both species compared to their respective controls. After rehydration, P. aquatica and S. foetida showed a partial and full recovery of the measured variables, respectively. In addition, a decrease and an increase in photosynthetic pigments were observed for P. aquatica and S. foetida, respectively, compared to their controls. In conclusion, the two species showed differing responses regarding photosynthetic pigment content dynamics for tolerating water deficit. Individuals of P. aquatica in the severe water deficit treatment showed a decrease in pigments, which may have impaired the recovery of metabolism (gas exchange) after rehydration, while S. foetida experienced an increase, favoring a full recovery of gas exchange and biochemical metabolism after rehydration.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062016abb0375
2069 downloads
13.
TRIAGEM NEONATAL DE IMUNODEFICIÊNCIAS GRAVES COMBINADAS POR MEIO DE TRECS E KRECS: SEGUNDO ESTUDO PILOTO NO BRASIL
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Kanegae, Marilia Pyles P.
; Barreiros, Lucila Akune
; Sousa, Jusley Lira
; Brito, Marco Antônio S.
; Oliveira Junior, Edgar Borges de
; Soares, Lara Pereira
; Mazzucchelli, Juliana Themudo L.
; Fernandes, Débora Quiorato
; Hadachi, Sonia Marchezi
; Holanda, Silvia Maia
; Guimarães, Flavia Alice T. M.
; Boacnin, Maura Aparecida P. V. V.
; Pereira, Marley Aparecida L.
; Bueno, Joaquina Maria C.
; Grumach, Anete Sevciovic
; Gesu, Regina Sumiko W. Di
; Santos, Amélia Miyashiro N. dos
; Bellesi, Newton
; Costa-Carvalho, Beatriz T.
; Condino-Neto, Antonio
.
RESUMO Objetivo: Validar a quantificação de T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) e kappa-deleting recombination circles (KRECs) por reação em cadeia de polimerase (polymerase chain reaction, PCR) em tempo real (qRT-PCR), para triagem neonatal de imunodeficiências primárias que cursam com defeitos nas células T e/ou B no Brasil. Métodos: Amostras de sangue de recém-nascidos (RN) e controles foram coletadas em papel-filtro. O DNA foi extraído e os TRECs e KRECs foram quantificados por reação duplex de qRT-PCR. O valor de corte foi determinado pela análise de Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve, utilizando-se o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SSPS) (IBM®, Armonk, NY, EUA). Resultados: 6.881 amostras de RN foram analisadas quanto à concentração de TRECs e KRECs. Os valores de TRECs variaram entre 1 e 1.006 TRECs/µL, com média e mediana de 160 e 139 TRECs/µL, respectivamente. Três amostras de pacientes diagnosticados com imunodeficiência grave combinada (severe combined immunodeficiency, SCID) apresentaram valores de TRECs abaixo de 4/µL e um paciente com Síndrome de DiGeorge apresentou TRECs indetectáveis. Os valores de KRECs encontraram-se entre 10 e 1.097 KRECs/µL, com média e mediana de 130 e 108 KRECs/µL, e quatro pacientes com diagnóstico de agamaglobulinemia tiveram resultados abaixo de 4 KRECs/µL. Os valores de corte encontrados foram 15 TRECs/µL e 14 KRECs/µL, e foram estabelecidos de acordo com a análise da Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve, com sensibilidade de 100% para detecção de SCID e agamaglobulinemia, respectivamente. Conclusões: A quantificação de TRECs e KRECs foi capaz de diagnosticar crianças com linfopenias T e/ou B em nosso estudo, validando a técnica e dando o primeiro passo para a implementação da triagem neonatal em grande escala no Brasil.
ABSTRACT Objective: To validate the quantification of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) and kappa-deleting recombination excision circles (KRECs) by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for newborn screening of primary immunodeficiencies with defects in T and/or B cells in Brazil. Methods: Blood samples from newborns and controls were collected on filter paper. DNA was extracted and TRECs, and KRECs were quantified by a duplex real-time PCR. The cutoff values were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis using SPSS software (IBM®, Armonk, NY, USA). Results: Around 6,881 samples from newborns were collected and TRECs and KRECs were quantified. The TRECs values ranged between 1 and 1,006 TRECs/µL, with mean and median of 160 and 139 TRECs/µL, respectively. Three samples from patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) showed TRECs below 4/µL and a patient with DiGeorge syndrome showed undetectable TRECs. KRECs values ranged from 10 to 1,097 KRECs/µL, with mean and median of 130 and 108 KRECs/µL. Four patients with agammaglobulinemia had results below 4 KRECs/µL. The cutoff values were 15 TRECs/µL and 14 KRECs/µL and were established according to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, with 100% sensitivity for SCID and agammaglobulinemia detection, respectively. Conclusions: Quantification of TRECs and KRECs was able to diagnose children with T- and/or B-cell lymphopenia in our study, which validated the technique in Brazil and enabled us to implement the newborn screening program for SCID and agammaglobulinemia.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;2017;35;1;00013
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14.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
; Ferreira, Gabriel E.
; Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
; Fiaschi, Pedro
; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
; Firens, Marcela
; Flores, Andreia S.
; Forero, Enrique
; Forster, Wellington
; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
; Fraga, Cléudio N.
; França, Flávio
; Francener, Augusto
; Freitas, Joelcio
; Freitas, Maria F.
; Fritsch, Peter W.
; Furtado, Samyra G.
; Gaglioti, André L.
; Garcia, Flávia C.P.
; Germano Filho, Pedro
; Giacomin, Leandro
; Gil, André S.B.
; Giulietti, Ana M.
; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
; Guedes, Juliana S.
; Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
; Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
; Hefler, Sonia M.
; Heiden, Gustavo
; Henderson, Andrew
; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
; Iganci, João R.V.
; Imig, Daniela C.
; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
; Magenta, Mara A.G.
; Mamede, Maria C.H.
; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
; Marquete, Nilda
; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
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15.
Influence of dual task and frailty on gait parameters of older community-dwelling individuals
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Guedes, Rita C.
; Dias, Rosângela C.
; Pereira, Leani S. M.
; Silva, Sílvia L. A.
; Lustosa, Lygia P.
; Dias, João M. D.
.
Background: Gait parameters such as gait speed (GS) are important indicators of functional capacity. Frailty Syndrome is closely related to GS and is also capable of predicting adverse outcomes. The cognitive demand of gait control is usually explored with dual-task (DT) methodology. Objective: To investigate the effect of DT and frailty on the spatio-temporal parameters of gait in older people and identify which variables relate to GS. Method: The presence of frailty was verified by Fried's Frailty Criteria. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and gait parameters were analyzed through the GAITRite(r) system in the single-task and DT conditions. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, ANOVA, and Pearson's Correlation tests were administered. Results: The participants were assigned to the groups frail (FG), pre-frail (PFG), and non-frail (NFG). During the DT, the three groups showed a decrease in GS, cadence, and stride length and an increase in stride time (p<0.001). The reduction in the GS of the FG during the DT showed a positive correlation with the MMSE scores (r=730; p=0.001) and with grip strength (r=681; p=0.001). Conclusions: Gait parameters are more affected by the DT, especially in the frail older subjects. The reduction in GS in the FG is associated with lower grip strength and lower scores in the MMSE. The GS was able to discriminate the older adults in the three levels of frailty, being an important measure of the functional capacity in this population.
https://doi.org/10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0034
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