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au:PEREIRA, WALTER C.

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Leaching of salts and production of sour passion fruit irrigated with low- and high-salinity water
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Nunes, Járisson C.

; Lima Neto, Antonio J. de

; Cavalcante, Lourival F.

; Pereira, Walter E.

; Gheyi, Hans R.

; Lima, Geovani S. de

; Oliveira, Flaviano F. de

; Nunes, Juliete A. da S.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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may 2023, Volume 27 N. 5 Pages 393 - 399

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation with low- and high-salinity water on the increment of salts in the soil, the production components of sour passion fruit and the leaching of salts by rainfall and by leaching fraction of 10%. The treatments were arranged in randomized blocks, in a split-plot scheme, corresponding to three irrigation management practices [evaluation of soil chemical attributes before irrigation; and after irrigation with water of low electrical conductivity (0.35 dS m-1), and high electrical conductivity (4.00 dS m-1) in the main plot], and in the subplot two soil depths of evaluation (0-20 and 20-40 cm) and three soil sampling times (at 115 days after transplanting of seedlings (DAT) - beginning of flowering; at 199 DAT - end of the dry season; and at 379 DAT - end of the rainy season). Irrigation increased the electrical conductivity of the soil saturation extract, with higher values in the surface layer and at the end of the dry season. Rainfall during the rainy season reduced the saline character of soil from moderately saline and strongly saline, in treatments irrigated with water of low and high electrical conductivity, to non-saline and slightly saline, respectively. Irrigation with high-electrical conductivity water negatively affected the production components and yield of sour passion fruit.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da irrigação com água de baixa e alta salinidade sobre o incremento de sais no solo, os componentes de produção do maracujazeiro azedo e a lixiviação dos sais pela precipitação pluviométrica e pela fração de lixiviação de 10%. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em blocos ao acaso, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, correspondendo a três práticas de manejo de irrigação [avaliação dos atributos químicos do solo antes da irrigação; e após irrigação com água de baixa (0,35 dS m-1) e alta condutividade elétrica (4,00 dS m-1) na parcela principal], e na subparcela duas profundidades de avaliação dos atributos químicos do solo (0-20 e 20-40 cm) e três épocas de amostragem de solo (aos 115 dias após o transplantio das mudas (DAT) - início do florescimento das plantas; aos 199 DAT - final do período de estiagem; e aos 379 DAT - final do período chuvoso). A irrigação elevou a condutividade elétrica do extrato de saturação do solo, com superioridade na camada superficial e no final do período seco. A precipitação pluviométrica durante a estação chuvosa reduziu o caráter salino do solo de medianamente e fortemente salino, nos tratamentos irrigados com água de baixa e alta condutividade elétrica, para não salino e ligeiramente salino, respectivamente. A irrigação com água de alta condutividade elétrica afetou negativamente os componentes de produção e produtividade do maracujazeiro azedo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n5p393-399

Occurrence and characterization of insect galls in two reserves of the Peruvian Amazon
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Grandez-Rios, Julio Miguel

; Araújo, Walter Santos de

; Coronado, Eurídice N. Honorio

; Baker, Timothy R.

; Martínez, Rodolfo Vásquez

; Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo

; García-Villacorta, Roosevelt

; Llampazo, Gerardo Flores

; Huaymacari, José Reyna

; Azevedo, Maria Antonieta Pereira de

; Maia, Valeria Cid

Biota Neotropica

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2023, Volume 23 N. 4 elocation e20231568

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract An insect gall inventory was carried out in two reserves of the Peruvian Amazon, Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve and Quistococha Regional Reserve, both situated in Iquitos, northeastern Peru. Four vegetation types were surveyed between December, 2021 and December, 2022: terra firme forest, white-sand wet forest, and white-sand dry forest in Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve, and palm swamp forest in Quistococha Regional Reserve. Overall, we found 262 gall morphotypes, distributed across 75 host species representing 66 plant genera and 30 families. Fabaceae was the plant family with the greatest number of gall morphotypes (n = 48), followed by Calophyllaceae (n = 21) and Euphorbiaceae (n = 20). The plant genera that supported the highest diversity of galls were Caraipa (n = 17), Eschweilera (n = 16), Tapirira (n = 16), Micrandra (n = 14), and Iryanthera (n = 10). The plant species Tapirira guianensis (n = 16), Caraipa utilis (n = 14), Micrandra elata (n = 14), Eschweilera coriacea (n = 11), and Sloanea parvifructa (n = 10) exhibited the highest richness of galls. Among the host plants, C. utilis stands alone as the only species noted as both endemic to the Amazonian region and bearing a Vulnerable (VU) conservation status. The leaves were the most attacked organs (90% of all galls). Most morphotypes are glabrous (89%), green (67%), globoid (53%), and one-chambered (91%). We found galling insects belonging to the orders Diptera, Thysanoptera, Lepidoptera, and Hemiptera. The galling insects of Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) were the most common, inducing 22% of the gall morphotypes. In addition to the gallers, we also observed the presence of successors, cecidophages, and parasitoids. Among the sampled vegetation types, the terra firme forest presented the highest richness of gall morphotypes and host plant species. This is the first systematic inventory of insect galls in this part of the Peruvian Amazon.

Resumo Um inventário de galhas de insetos foi realizado em duas reservas da Amazônia peruana, Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo-Mishana e Reserva Regional Quistococha, ambas situadas em Iquitos, nordeste do Peru. Quatro tipos de vegetação foram pesquisados entre dezembro de 2021 e dezembro de 2022: floresta de terra firme, floresta úmida de areia branca e floresta seca de areia branca na Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo-Mishana, e floresta de pântano de palmeiras na Reserva Regional Quistococha. No total, encontramos 262 morfotipos de galhas, distribuídos em 75 espécies hospedeiras representando 66 gêneros de plantas e 30 famílias. Fabaceae foi a família de plantas com o maior número de morfotipos de galhas (n = 48), seguida por Calophyllaceae (n = 21) e Euphorbiaceae (n = 20). Os gêneros de plantas que apresentaram a maior diversidade de galhas foram Caraipa (n = 17), Eschweilera (n = 16), Tapirira (n = 16), Micrandra (n = 14) e Iryanthera (n = 10). As espécies de plantas Tapirira guianensis (n = 16), Caraipa utilis (n = 14), Micrandra elata (n = 14), Eschweilera coriacea (n = 11) e Sloanea parvifructa (n = 10) apresentaram a maior riqueza de galhas. Dentre as plantas hospedeiras, C. utilis destaca-se como a única espécie listada como endêmica da região amazônica e com um status de conservação Vulnerável (VU). As folhas foram os órgãos mais atacados (90% de todas as galhas). A maioria dos morfotipos é glabra (89%), verde (67%), globoide (53%) e possui apenas uma câmara interna (91%). Encontramos insetos galhadores pertencentes às ordens Diptera, Thysanoptera, Lepidoptera e Hemiptera. Os insetos galhadores da família Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) foram os mais comuns, induzindo 22% dos morfotipos de galhas. Além dos galhadores, também observamos a presença de sucessores, cecidófagos e parasitoides. Entre os tipos de vegetação amostrados, a floresta de terra firme apresentou a maior riqueza de morfotipos de galhas e espécies de plantas hospedeiras. Este é o primeiro inventário sistemático de galhas de insetos nesta região da Amazônia peruana.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2023-1568

Calcium in the mineral nutrition of yellow passion fruit cultivated in lined pits and with saline water
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Bezerra, Marlene A. F.

; Cavalcante, Lourival F.

; Bezerra, Francisco T. C.

; Pereira, Walter E.

; Oliveira, Flaviano F. de

; Silva, Aldeir R.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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apr 2021, Volume 25 N. 4 Pages 256 - 263

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O estado nutricional constitui uma importante ferramenta no manejo da salinidade, devido ao estresse salino interferir tanto na absorção quanto na assimilação dos nutrientes minerais às plantas. Objetivou-se neste experimento avaliar os efeitos da salinidade da água, proteção lateral das covas contra as perdas hídricas e doses de cálcio nos teores foliares de macronutrientes e sódio do maracujazeiro-amarelo cv. BRS GA1. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em delineamento em blocos casualizados em parcelas subdivididas no esquema fatorial 2 × (2 × 5) correspondente à salinidade da água (0,3 e 4,0 dS m-1) na parcela principal, e nas subparcelas as combinações entre proteção lateral das covas (sem e com) e doses de cálcio (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha-1). Foram determinados os teores foliares de macronutrientes e sódio no estádio fenológico de plena floração das plantas. A irrigação do maracujazeiro-amarelo com água de 4,0 dS m-1 reduziu as concentrações foliares de macronutrientes. O revestimento das covas comprometeu os teores de macronutrientes nas plantas. A adubação calcítica é recomendada para o maracujazeiro-amarelo cultivado em Entisol com baixo teor de cálcio na dose de 60 kg ha-1 de cálcio, por elevar os teores de nitrogênio e cálcio nas plantas irrigadas com água não salina, e de magnésio e enxofre sob irrigação com água salina. O cálcio atenua o estresse salino porque aumenta o acúmulo de macronutrientes em condições salinas no maracujazeiro-amarelo.

ABSTRACT Nutritional status is an important tool in salinity management, because salt stress interferes with both the absorption and the assimilation of mineral nutrients by plants. The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effects of water salinity, lateral protection of pits against water losses and calcium doses on the leaf concentration of macronutrients and sodium of yellow passion fruit cv. BRS GA1. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design in split plots in a 2 × (2 × 5) factorial scheme, corresponding to water salinity (0.3 and 4.0 dS m-1) in the main plot, and the combinations between lateral protection of pits (without and with) and calcium doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) in the subplots. Leaf concentrations of macronutrients and sodium were determined at the phenological stage of full flowering. Irrigation of yellow passion fruit with 4.0 dS m-1 water decreased the leaf concentrations of macronutrients. The lining of the pits compromised macronutrient concentration in the plants. Calcium fertilization is recommended for yellow passion fruit cultivated in Entisol with low calcium concentration at the dose of 60 kg ha-1, because it raises nitrogen and calcium concentrations in plants irrigated with non-saline water and magnesium and sulfur concentrations in those irrigated with saline water. Calcium attenuates salt stress because it promotes the accumulation of macronutrients in yellow passion fruit under saline conditions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n4p256-263 378 downloads

Population Dynamics of Rubber Tree Mites
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Rezende, Joyce Martins

; Pereira, Jaqueline Magalhães

; Araújo, Walter Santos de

; Daud, Rodrigo Damasco

; Peres, André Júnio Andrade

Floresta e Ambiente

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2020, Volume 27 N. 4 elocation e20180177

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Calacarus heveae is considered the most common pest mite in rubber tree crops in Southeast and Midwest Brazil. We evaluated the population dynamics of mites in GT 1, PB 235, PR 255 and RRIM 600 rubber tree clones from crops in the Goiás State, Brazil. We sampled leaves between June 2013 and June 2014 in 10 trees for each rubber tree clone. Calacarus heveae and Tenuipalpus heveae populations were counted in four 1 cm2-areas distributed on each middle leaflet sampled, whereas all other mites were found on lateral leaflets. Calacarus heveae reached a population peak between March and May 2014. PR 255 and RRIM 600 sheltered the densest population of C. heveae. We sampled six predatory mite species, highlighting Euseius citrifolius. GT 1 and PB 235 had higher abundance of predatory mites. This is the first study carried out on the population dynamics of phytophagous mites associated with rubber trees in the state of Goiás.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.017718 500 downloads

Production and quality of okra produced with mineral and organic fertilization
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Santos, Hemmannuella C.

; Pereira, Emmanuel M.

; Medeiros, Rafael L. S. de

; Costa, Paulo M. de A.

; Pereira, Walter E.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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feb 2019, Volume 23 N. 2 Pages 97 - 102

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A cultura do quiabeiro Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench é uma hortaliça de fruto anual originária de regiões quentes da África tendo se adaptado bem às condições das regiões Nordeste e Sudeste do Brasil, onde é uma cultura muito utilizada por pequenos agricultores. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da adubação mineral e orgânica na produção e qualidade de frutos de quiabeiro. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com três repetições e onze tratamentos definidos segundo uma matriz baconiana. Os tratamentos consistiram de doses de N (0, 100, 200 e 300 kg ha-1), P (0, 100, 200 e 300 kg ha-1) e K (0, 80, 160 e 240 kg ha-1) e ausência e presença de composto orgânico (30 t ha-1). Foram avaliados a altura de plantas, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, produção de frutos planta-1, número de frutos planta-1, comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos, e a qualidade dos frutos (pH, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, vitamina C e condutividade elétrica). A cultura é exigente quanto à adubação potássica e nitrogenada, com aumentos no número médio e diâmetro de frutos, 15,8 e 36%, respectivamente. A adubação orgânica não influenciou o crescimento vegetativo do quiabeiro, no entanto, foi benéfica à produção de frutos com maior teor de vitamina C, 52% maior que os frutos produzidos sem esse insumo.

ABSTRACT Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, is a vegetable with annual fruit native to hot regions of Africa, well adapted to the conditions of the Northeast and Southeast regions of Brazil, where it is widely used by small farmers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mineral and organic fertilization on the production and quality of okra fruits. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design, with three replicates and eleven treatments defined according to a Baconian matrix. Treatments consisted of doses of N (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1), P (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1) and K (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha-1), as well as absence and presence of organic compost (30 t ha-1). The following parameters were evaluated: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, production of fruits plant-1, number of fruits plant-1, fruit length and diameter and fruit quality (pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, vitamin C and electrical conductivity). The crop is demanding in terms of K and N fertilizations, with increments of 15.8 and 36% in the mean number and diameter of fruits, respectively. Organic fertilization did not influence the vegetative growth of okra, but was beneficial to the production of fruits with higher vitamin C content, 52% higher than the contents found in fruits produced without such input.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n2p97-102 3322 downloads

Frequency of irrigation with saline water in sugar-apple seedlings produced on substrate with polymer
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Silva, Aldeir R.

; Bezerra, Francisco T. C.

; Cavalcante, Lourival F.

; Pereira, Walter E.

; Araújo, Leandro M.

; Bezerra, Marlene A. F.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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dec 2018, Volume 22 N. 12 Pages 825 - 830

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se com o trabalho avaliar a formação de mudas de pinha sob o manejo da irrigação com água salina em substrato com condicionante de solo. Os tratamentos foram obtidos do arranjo entre doses de polímero (0; 0,2; 0,6; 1,0 e 1,2 g dm-3) e condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,3; 1,1; 2,7; 4,3 e 5,0 dS m-1), associado a frequências de irrigação (diária e alternada), e mais dois tratamentos adicionais para avaliar o volume de recipiente (1,30 e 0,75 dm3), utilizando o delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Aos 120 dias após a semeadura, determinou-se as variáveis salinidade do substrato, diâmetro do caule, altura, número de folhas e índice de qualidade de Dickson. Os dados foram submetidos às análises de variância, regressão e contraste. A salinidade do substrato aumentou com a elevação da condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação e com as doses de polímero. O crescimento e a qualidade das mudas foram reduzidos com o aumento da salinidade da água de irrigação, sendo os maiores valores das variáveis obtidos sob irrigação diária. Recipiente de maior volume proporcionou maior crescimento. O uso de polímero hidratado nos níveis adotados não apresentou respostas ao crescimento e qualidade das mudas, necessitando mais estudos. Para produção de mudas de pinha de melhor qualidade deve ser realizada irrigação diária, utilizando água de condutividade elétrica menor que 2 dS m-1.

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth of sugar-apple seedlings under irrigation management with saline water in a substrate with soil amendment. Treatments were obtained from the arrangement between polymer doses (0, 0.2, 0.6, 1.0 and 1.2 g dm-3) and levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity (0.3, 1.1, 2.7, 4.3 and 5.0 dS m-1), associated with irrigation frequencies (daily and every alternate day), and two additional treatments to evaluate container volume (1.30 and 0.75 dm3), using a randomized complete block design, with four replicates. At 120 days after sowing, the variables substrate salinity, stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves and Dickson quality index were determined. Data were submitted to analyses of variance, regression and contrast. Substrate salinity increased with the increase in irrigation water electrical conductivity and polymer doses. Growth and quality of the seedlings were reduced with increasing irrigation water salinity, and highest values of the variables were obtained in seedlings under daily irrigation. Container with larger volume led to higher growth. The use of hydrated polymer at the adopted levels had no effect on growth and quality of seedlings, requiring further studies. To produce sugar-apple seedlings with better quality, irrigation frequency should be daily and water electrical conductivity should be lower than 2 dS m-1.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n12p825-830 1436 downloads

Biomass of sugar-apple seedlings under saline water irrigation in substrate with polymer
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Silva, Aldeir R.

; Bezerra, Francisco T. C.

; Cavalcante, Lourival F.

; Pereira, Walter E.

; Araújo, Leandro M.

; Bezerra, Marlene A. F.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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sep 2018, Volume 22 N. 9 Pages 610 - 615

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A aplicação de água salina ocasiona estresse hídrico e salino, alterando o comportamento das plantas. Objetivou-se com o trabalho avaliar o acúmulo e a alocação de biomassa em mudas de pinha sob frequências das irrigações com água salina em substrato com condicionante de solo, como também o efeito do volume de recipientes. Os tratamentos foram obtidos do arranjo entre doses de polímero (0; 0,2; 0,6; 1,0 e; 1,2 g dm-3) e condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,3; 1,1; 2,7; 4,3 e; 5,0 dS m-1), associado a frequências de irrigação (diária e alternada), mais dois tratamentos adicionais para avaliar o volume do recipiente (0,75 e 1,30 dm3), distribuídos em blocos. As avaliações foram realizadas aos 120 dias após a semeadura. A frequência de irrigação afetou as variáveis, obtendo-se os maiores valores com irrigação diária, com exceção na relação entre as biomassas seca da raiz e parte aérea. O aumento da condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação inibiu o acúmulo de biomassa, sem afetar a relação entre biomassa da raiz e da parte aérea, e na razão de massa foliar. O efeito do recipiente foi significativo para rega diária, onde o maior volume proporcionou maiores biomassas. As doses de polímero não afetaram a biomassa das mudas. Irrigação diária com água não salina favoreceu o aporte de biomassa nas mudas de pinha. Na produção de mudas de pinha, deve-se utilizar água com condutividade elétrica abaixo de 1 dS m-1 com frequência diária de aplicação em recipientes com capacidade de 1,30 dm3.

ABSTRACT Application of saline water causes water and salt stress, changing the behavior of the plants. The aim of this work was to evaluate the accumulation and allocation of biomass in sugar-apple seedlings under frequencies of irrigation with saline water in a substrate with soil conditioner, as well as the effect of container volume. The treatments were obtained from the arrangement between polymer doses (0, 0.2, 0.6, 1.0 and 1.2 g dm-3) and electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.3; 1.1; 2.7; 4.3 and 5.0 dS m-1), associated with irrigation frequencies (daily and alternated), plus two additional treatments to evaluate container volume (0.75 and 1.30 dm3), distributed in blocks. The evaluations were performed at 120 days after sowing. Irrigation frequency affected the variables, and the highest values were obtained with daily irrigation, except for root/shoot dry matter ratio. Increase in the electrical conductivity of the irrigation water inhibited biomass accumulation. The effect of the container was significant for daily irrigation; higher volume led to higher root, shoot and total biomass. Polymer doses did not affect the biomass of the seedlings. Daily irrigation with non-saline water favored biomass production in sugar-apple seedlings. In the production of sugar-apple seedlings, water with electrical conductivity below 1.0 dS m-1 should be used on a daily frequency of application in 1.30 dm3 containers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n9p610-615 758 downloads

Effects of water salinity and organomineral fertilization on leaf composition and production in Passiflora edulis
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Souza, José T. A.

; Nunes, Járisson C.

; Cavalcante, Lourival F.

; Nunes, Juliete A. da S.

; Pereira, Walter E.

; Freire, José L. de O.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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aug 2018, Volume 22 N. 8 Pages 535 - 540

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Um experimento foi conduzido no município de Remígio, Paraíba, no período de julho/2013 a maio/2014, para avaliar os efeitos da salinidade da água de irrigação, biofertilizante bovino e potássio na salinidade do solo, composição foliar e produção do maracujazeiro amarelo cv BRS Gigante Amarelo. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em blocos casualizados arranjados em fatorial 2 × 2 × 2, referente à condutividade elétrica das águas de 0,35 e 4,00 dS m-1, ao solo sem e com biofertilizante bovino e cloreto de potássio convencional (KCl) e revestido com polímeros orgânicos fornecidos mensalmente. O biofertilizante bovino foi diluído em água não salina na proporção de 50% e aplicado em volume de 6 L planta-1 da mistura um dia antes do transplantio e a cada 90 dias. A combinação de água salina com biofertilizante bovino aumentou a salinidade do solo para uma proporção similar entre a água salina e o cloreto de potássio convencional e protegido com polímeros orgânicos. A salinidade da água de irrigação associada a ambos os tipos de cloreto de potássio e biofertilizante elevou o caráter do solo de não salino para salino. As plantas de maracujazeiro BRS Gigante Amarelo, no inicio da floração, exceto em nitrogênio e potássio, estavam deficientes nos demais macronutrientes, mas produziram frutos com massa adequada para o mercado consumidor.

ABSTRACT An experiment was undertaken in Remígio County, Paraíba State, Brazil, from July 2013 to May 2014, in order to evaluate the effects of saline water irrigation, bovine biofertilizer, and potassium type on soil salinity, leaf macronutrient composition, and production of yellow passion fruit cv. BRS Gigante Amarelo. Treatments were distributed in randomized blocks, arranged in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design, with reference to electrical conductivity of the water (0.35 and 4.00 dS m-1), soil with and without bovine biofertilizer, and application of potassium chloride as a conventional treatment (KCl) and in an organic polymer-coated form, supplied monthly. Bovine biofertilizer was diluted in non-saline water (proportion, 50%) and applied via water at a volume of 6 L plant-1 one day before transplanting, and then every 90 days. The combination of saline water with bovine biofertilizer raised soil salinity to a similar proportion when comparing saline water and conventional potassium chloride with saline water and polymer-coated potassium chloride. The increase in water saline concentrations associated with both types of potassium chloride and with bovine biofertilizer elevated soil salinity from non-saline to saline. On starting to flower, plants of cv. BRS Gigante Amarelo were deficient in macronutrients other than nitrogen and potassium, but nonetheless produced fruits of an adequate mass for the consumer market.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n8p535-540 1251 downloads

Prevalence of asymptomatic urethritis by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and associated risk factors among males living with HIV-1
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Silva, Guilherme Almeida Rosa da

; Motta, Heloisa Loureiro de Sá Neves

; Souza, Erik Friedrich Alex de

; Cardoso, Pedro Afonso Nogueira Moises

; Pilotto, José Henrique

; Eyer-Silva, Walter Araujo

; Ribeiro, Luiz Cláudio Pereira

; Santos, Mônica Soares dos

; Azevedo, Marcelo Costa Velho Mendes de

; Pinto, Jorge Francisco da Cunha

; Motta, Rogerio Neves

; Ferry, Fernando Raphael de Almeida

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2018, Volume 60 elocation e11

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objectives The increase in HIV transmissibility in non-ulcerative sexually transmitted infection is already well-established. It is estimated that symptomatic carriers of N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis have a relative risk of 4.8-fold and 3.6-fold, respectively, for the sexual acquisition of HIV. This type of evaluation for asymptomatic urethritis is necessary to reinforce strategies to combat HIV transmission. This study aims to assess the prevalence of patients with asymptomatic urethritis among men diagnosed with HIV-1 and determine the risk factors associated with this infection. Methods We enrolled a total of 115 male patients aged 18 years or older who have been diagnosed with HIV infection and have no symptoms of urethritis or other sexually transmitted infections and who have been evaluated between May and August 2015 in a follow-up visit at the Immunology Outpatient Clinic of a Brazilian University Hospital. Results Four asymptomatic patients were positive for C. trachomatis and were considered asymptomatic carriers of urethritis. Prevalence was 3.47%. Patients who were positive for C. trachomatis urethritis had a lower mean age (p = 0.015). Conclusion The presence of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infection is a challenge in clinical practice. We recommend that, in outpatient practice, the habit of inquiring on previous sexual behavior to obtain more information about risks and associations with asymptomatic sexually transmitted infection, a routine physical examination and complementary tests to detect STI pathogens should be performed to discard these conditions. The development of rapid tests for this purpose should also be encouraged.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201860011 3401 downloads

10.

Chlamydia trachomatis asymptomatic urethritis recurrence among males living with HIV-1
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Silva, Guilherme Almeida Rosa da

; Motta, Heloisa Loureiro de Sá Neves

; Souza, Erik Friedrich Alex de

; Cardoso, Pedro Afonso Nogueira Moises

; Pilotto, José Henrique

; Eyer-Silva, Walter Araujo

; Ribeiro, Luiz Cláudio Pereira

; Santos, Mônica Soares dos

; Azevedo, Marcelo Costa Velho Mendes de

; Pinto, Jorge Francisco da Cunha

; Motta, Rogerio Neves

; Ferry, Fernando Raphael de Almeida

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2018, Volume 60 elocation e65

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT A prevalence of 3.47% of asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis urethritis has been previously reported among males living with HIV infection in Brazil. This study aims to assess the recurrence of C. trachomatis urethritis three years later in the same cohort of patients and analyze associated risk factors. A total of 115 male patients diagnosed with HIV infection, with no symptoms of urethritis and observed since May of 2015 in followup visits were enrolled. They had urine samplers tested by PCR for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae between February and March 2018. Results: Three of the four patients who had asymptomatic C. trachomatis urethritis three years before were recurrently positive for C. trachomatis urethritis. Two new patients were diagnosed as positives, accounting for a total asymptomatic C. trachomatis urethritis prevalence of 4.34%. The prevalence during the whole study was 5.21%. The relative risk for a new urethritis episode among those previously diagnosed with urethritis is RR=41.62 (95% CI: 9.42-183.84), p < 0.01. Patients who presented asymptomatic urethritis anytime and who were recurrently positive for C. trachomatis had a lower mean age (p<0.01). Married individuals were protected regarding asymptomatic urethritis [p<0.01, OR = 0.04 (0.005-0.4)] and had lower risk to develop recurrence [p<0.01, RR = 0.86 (0.74-0.99)]. Illicit drugs users had risk associated to asymptomatic urethritis [p=0.02, OR= 5.9 (1.03-34)] and higher risk to develop recurrence [p<0.01, RR=1.1 (1-1.22)]. Conclusion: The recurrence of asymptomatic C. trachomatis urethritis after treatment among males living with HIV infection in Brazil can be considered high and should not be neglected.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201860065 1339 downloads

11.

No correlation was observed between vitamin D levels and disability of patients with multiple sclerosis between latitudes 18° and 30° South
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Fragoso, Yara Dadalti

; Adoni, Tarso

; Alves-Leon, Soniza Vieira

; Apostolos-Pereira, Samira L.

; Arruda, Walter Oleschko

; Brooks, Joseph B. Bidin

; Cal, Henrique S. Rodrigues

; Damasceno, Carlos A. Albuquerque

; Gama, Paulo Diniz

; Goncalves, Marcus V. Magno

; Jesus, Carlos A. da Silva de

; Machado, Suzana C. Nunes

; Mansur, Letícia Fezer

; Matta, Andre P. da Cunha

; Mendes, Maria Fernanda

; Morales, Rogerio Rizo

; Nobrega-Jr, Adaucto Wanderley da

; Parolin, Monica K. Fiuza

; Peres, Mario Pietro

; Ribeiro, Marlise de Castro

; Ruocco, Heloisa Helena

; Scherpenhuijzen, Simone

; Siquinelli, Fabio

; Stoney, Patrick N.

; Varela, Daniel Lima

; Eboni, Audred Cristina Biondo

; Spessotto, Caroline Vieira

; Rocha, Elisa Teixeira da

; Lacerda, Pamela Emanuele

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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jan 2017, Volume 75 N. 1 Pages 3 - 8

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Vitamina D assumiu um papel central na pesquisa e tratamento da esclerose múltipla (EM). O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os níveis séricos de vitamina D de pacientes com EM e controles que residem em uma área tropical. Métodos: Foram analisados dados de 535 pacientes com EM e 350 indivíduos controle em 14 cidades próximas ao Trópico de Capricórnio. Resultados: O valor médio da determinação de 25-OH vitamina D foi 26,07 ± 10,27 ng/mL para controles e 28,03 ± 12,19 ng/mL para pacientes com EM. Não houve correlação entre os níveis de vitamina D e o grau de incapacidade ao longo da duração da doença. Conclusão: Pelo menos na região que cerca o Trópico de Capricórnio, os níveis séricos de vitamina D estão entre valores de 20 a 30 ng/mL tanto para controles quanto para pacientes com EM.

ABSTRACT Objective: Vitamin D has taken center stage in research and treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). The objective of the present study was to assess the serum vitamin D levels of a large population of patients with MS and controls living in a restricted tropical area. Methods: Data from 535 patients with MS and 350 control subjects were obtained from 14 cities around the Tropic of Capricorn. Results: The mean serum 25-OH vitamin D level was 26.07 ± 10.27 ng/mL for the control subjects, and 28.03 ± 12.19 ng/mL for patients with MS. No correlation was observed between vitamin D levels and the disability of patients over the disease duration. Conclusion: At least for the region around the Tropic of Capricorn, serum levels of vitamin D typically are within the range of 20 to 30 ng/mL for controls and patients with MS.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20160173 3011 downloads

12.

Gas exchange and productivity of yellow passion fruit irrigated with saline water and fertilized with potassium and biofertilizer
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Nunes, Járisson C.

; Cavalcante, Lourival F.

; Pereira, Walter E.

; Souza, José T. A.

; Almeida, Dácio J. de

; Oresca, Denizard

; Fernandes, Pedro D.

Ciencia e investigación agraria

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2017, Volume 44 N. 2 Pages 168 - 183

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The salinity of irrigation water can affect the growth and development of most plants of commercial interest. Aiming to study these aspects in passion fruit culture, an experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of bovine biofertilizer and potassium fertilization on gas exchange and production of the passion fruit ‘BRS Giant Yellow’ irrigated with non-saline and saline water. The treatments were arranged in randomized blocks with sub-subdivided plots using the 2×(3×5) scheme, which refers to two levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water as the main plot (0.35 and 4.00 dS m−1) and the combination of three potassic fertilization practices (without fertilization, fertilized with conventional and slow release KCl) with five doses of bovine biofertilizer (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of dose of 15 L m−2) in the subplots, with three replicates and 12 plants per plot. The physiological variables and the productivity were evaluated in two harvests, and the data were submitted to statistical evaluation of samples repeated in time. The application of bovine biofertilizer and potassium in soil with a sandy texture irrigated with saline water did not inhibit the degenerative effect of the salts on the photosynthetic rates of the plants. The salinity of the irrigation water reduced stomatal conductance, transpiration and net photosynthesis of the plants, but in the second crop, the instantaneous water use efficiency was higher. Although the productivity decreased from the first to the second harvest, the biofertilizer associated with potassic fertilization increased the yield of the crop, which surpassed the average of Brazil, the Brazilian Northeast and the State of Paraiba, Brazil.

Resumen La salinidad del agua de riego puede afectar el crecimiento y desarrollo de la mayoría de las plantas de interés comercial. Con el objetivo de estudiar estos aspectos en el cultivo de la maracuyá, se realizó un experimento para evaluar los efectos del biofertilizante bovino y la fertilization potásica sobre el intercambio gaseoso y la producción de frutos de maracuyá, BRS Giant Yellow irrigado con agua salina y no salina. Los tratamientos se realizaron en bloques al azar con parcelas sub-subdivididas, utilizando el esquema fatorial 2×(3×5), haciendo referencia a dos niveles de conductividad eléctrica del agua de riego como parcela principal (0,35 y 4,00 dS m−1), y en las subparcelas la combination de tres prácticas de fertilization potásica (sin fertilizatión, fertilizada con KCl convencional y de liberación lenta) con cinco dosis de biofertilizante bovino (0, 25, 50, 75 y 100% de dosis de 15 L m−2), con tres repeticiones y 12 plantas por parcela. Se evaluaron la conductividad estomática, transpiratión, fotosíntesis líquida, concentración interna de carbono, eficiencia en el uso del agua, eficiencia instantánea de la carboxilación y productividad de plantas de maracuyá en dos cosechas, por lo que los datos fueron sometidos a la evaluation estadística de muestras repetidas en el tiempo. La aplicación de biofertilizante bovino y potasio en suelo de textura arenosa irrigada con agua salina no inhibió la acción degenerativa de las sales a las tasas fotosintéticas de las plantas. La salinidad del agua de riego redujo la conductividad estomática, la transpiratión y la fotosíntesis líquida de las plantas, pero en la segunda cosecha, la eficiencia en el uso instantáneo del agua fue superior. A pesar de la productividad decreciente de la primera para la segunda cosecha, el biofertilizante bovino asociado a la fertilización potásica elevo el rendimiento de la cultura, que superó la media de Brasil, del Nordeste brasileño y del Estado de Paraíba, Brasil.

https://doi.org/10.7764/rcia.v44i2.1742 877 downloads

13.

PEGYLATED INTERFERON AND RIBAVIRIN FOR TREATMENT OF RECURRENT HEPATITIS C AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: a single-liver transplant center experience in Brazil
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GARCIA, José Huygens Parente

; ARAÚJO FILHO, Antônio Haroldo de

; BRAGA, Lucia Libanez Bessa Campelo

; VIANA, Cyntia Ferreira Gomes

; ROCHA, Tarciso Daniel Santos

; PEREIRA, Karla Brandão

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia

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sep 2015, Volume 52 N. 3 Pages 216 - 221

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

ContextoO tratamento da infecção do vírus da hepatite C pós-transplante é um desafio devido à baixa tolerância dos pacientes e às baixas taxas de resposta.ObjetivoDeterminar a taxa de resposta ao interferon peguilado e ribavirina no tratamento da recorrência da hepatite C após transplante de fígado.MétodosEntre 18 de maio de 2002 e 18 de dezembro de 2011, 601 pacientes realizaram transplante hepático no Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, 176 (29,2%) desses eram infectados pelo vírus da hepatite C. Quarenta pacientes receberam terapia antiviral e foram incluídos nesse estudo. Vinte e sete (70%) completaram o protocolo de tratamento, que consistia de interferon peguilado e ribavirina por 48 semanas.ResultadosA taxa de resposta virológica sustentada foi de 55% de acordo com a análise por intenção de tratar. A idade dos receptores e a exposição prévia ao transplante de antivirais foram fatores associados com a resposta virológica sustentada na análise multivariada. Pacientes foram acompanhados por 57 meses em média. A sobrevida em 1 e 5 anos foi de 100% em respondedores, enquanto que em não respondedores foi de 100% e 78% respectivamente.ConclusãoA resposta virológica sustentada foi satisfatória na série de pacientes transplantados e diminuiu com o aumento da idade. A não exposição prévia ao transplante a drogas antivirais teve impacto positivo na chance de resposta virológica sustentada. A sobrevida global foi similar em respondedores e não respondedores.

BackgroundTreatment of hepatitis C virus infection in post-transplantation patients is a challenge due to poor tolerance and low success rates.ObjectiveTo determine the response rate to pegylated interferon and ribavirin in post-liver transplant patients with hepatitis C recurrence.MethodsBetween 18 May 2002 and 18 December 2011, 601 patients underwent liver transplantation at our service (Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, University of Ceará), 176 (29.2%) of whom were hepatitis C virus positive. Forty received antiviral therapy and were included in this cohort study. Twenty-eight (70%) completed the treatment protocol, which consisted of pegylated interferon and ribavirin for 48 weeks.ResultsThe sustained virological response rate was 55% according to intention-to-treat analysis. Recipient age and exposure to antiviral drugs prior to liver transplantation were associated with sustained virological response in the multivariate analysis. Patients were followed for 57 months on the average. Survival at 1 and 5 years was 100% in responders, versus 100% and 78%, respectively, in non-responders.ConclusionSustained virological response rates were satisfactory in our series of liver transplantation patients, and decreased with increasing recipient age. Non-exposure to antiviral drugs prior to liver transplantation was positively associated with sustained virological response. The overall survival of responders and non-responders was similar.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-28032015000300012 1976 downloads

14.

Relação entre qualidade e liberação de N por plantas do semiárido usadas como adubo verde
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Alves, Romildo N.

; Menezes, Rômulo S. C.

; Salcedo, Ignácio H.

; Pereira, Walter E.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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nov 2011, Volume 15 N. 11 Pages 1107 - 1114

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O uso de plantas como adubo verde pode ser uma alternativa para melhorar a fertilidade do solo porém a liberação de nutrientes desses adubos para o solo irá depender dos teores de lignina, polifenóis (PP) e N no material vegetal utilizado. Tais teores foram determinados em 24 espécies vegetais encontradas em propriedades rurais do semiárido e relacionados com a mineralização de N, quando incorporados ao solo. Os materiais apresentaram grande variação nos teores os quais, por sua vez, sinalizaram baixa correlação com as proporções do N mineralizado depois da incorporação. Utilizando os teores e suas relações, realizou-se análise de componentes principais agrupando os materiais de acordo com suas similaridades, visando verificar a existência de relações entre a formação dos grupos referidos e o N mineralizado após incubação dos materiais orgânicos. Quatro grupos foram formados; no entanto, pouca informação útil foi gerada no sentido de tentar predizer a mineralização de N com base na qualidade dos materiais testados. O comportamento da lignina não foi bem definido na formação dos grupos e não apresentou relação clara com a mineralização do N devido, talvez, ao curto prazo de avaliação da metodologia adotada (28 dias). Todos os materiais que apresentaram relação PP/N menor que 0,5, mineralizaram N enquanto que os apresentaram a mesma relação acima de 5, imobilizaram N.

The use of plants as green manure may be an alternative to improve soil fertility in the region, but the release of nutrients to the soil will depend on the concentrations of lignin, polyphenols (PP), and nitrogen of the green manures used. These variables were analyzed for 24 plant species commonly found in farms of the semi-arid region of NE Brazil, and the relationship between plant biomass quality and N release after incorporation into the soil was evaluated. There was a large variation in the concentration of lignin, PP and N of the green manures tested but these variables presented a low correlation with N mineralization after incorporation to the soil. In order to try to identify patterns among the different manures regarding quality and N release, these were grouped using Principal Component Analysis techniques, but very little meaningful patterns were observed to help predict N release based on the quality of the materials. The lignin content of the materials played an important role to form different groups, but may be the short time of the incubations (28 days) did not allow for the development of the correlation between lignin content and N release. In general, it was observed that all materials that presented a PP/N ratio lower than 0.5 mineralized N, while those that presented values of this ratio above 5 caused N immobilization.

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15.

Vagas da modernidade: a Companhia Nacional de Álcalis em Arraial do Cabo (1943-964)
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Pereira, Walter Luiz C. de Mattos

Estudos Históricos (Rio de Janeiro)

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dec 2010, Volume 23 N. 46 Pages 321 - 343

Abstract: Pt En Fr | Text: Pt En Fr | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Fr

A Companhia Nacional de Álcalis - CNA, localizada em Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, e criada durante o Estado Novo, só foi viabilizada no governo JK. Bandeira da ideologia nacional-desenvolvimentista, a CNA incorpora à sua história graves problemas, atrelados ao circuito de interesses interno e externo. A trajetória da companhia remete-nos ao período 1943-1964 e nossa abordagem baseia-se numa análise integrada, envolvendo as questões econômicas, sociais e políticas.

The Companhia Nacional de Álcalis - CNA, located in Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, and created during the "Estado Novo", was only made possible during the JK government. Icon of the ideology of "nacional-desenvolvimentismo", the CNA incorporates within its history serious problems linked to the circuit of intern and extern interests. The company's trajectory takes us back to the period 1943-1964. Our approach is based on an integrated analysis involving economic, social, and political issues.

Crée pendant l' "Estado Novo", la Companhia Nacional de Álcalis (CNA), située à la ville d'Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, n'a commencé à marcher que dans le gouvernement de JK. Utilisée tel qu'un drapeau de l'idéologie qu'on appelle "nacional-desenvolvimentismo", la CNA a vécu une série de problèmes à cause des circuits économiques internes et externes. Cette histoire nous ammène au période entre 1943 et 1964 et notre démarche souligne les aspects économiques, sociaux et politiques.

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