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Introduction: rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its treatments can affect the response to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. However, we still do not have local data. Objectives: to evaluate the humoral response of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and its safety in this population. Materials and methods: observational study. Patients ≥18 years of age, with RA ACR/EULAR 2010 who had received vaccination for SARS-CoV-2 were included. Detection of anti-protein S IgG (COVIDAR Kit). Results: a total of 120 patients with RA were included. A quarter was receiving glucocorticoids, 50.9% biological drugs and 13.3% JAK inhibitors (janus kinases). Only 6% had a history SARS-CoV-2 infection. The most used vaccine was Sputnik V (52.9%) and 25% received mixed regimenes. After the first dose, 59% had a non-reactive or indeterminate test, and after the second, 18% were still having this result. The application of homologous Sinopharm vaccine regimen (63.6% vs 13.3%, p<0.0001) and the use of abatacept (27.3% vs 5.1%, p=0.005) and rituximab (18.2% vs 0%, p=0.001) at vaccination was associated with a non-reactive or indeterminate result. Conclusions: similar to other international populations, in this cohort, two out of 10 patients did not develop antibodies. A lower response was associated with the Sinopharm vaccine and treatment with abatacept and rituximab.

Introducción: la artritis reumatoidea (AR) y los tratamientos indicados para su manejo pueden afectar la respuesta a la vacuna para SARS-CoV-2. Sin embargo, aún no se cuenta con datos locales. Objetivos: evaluar la respuesta humoral de la vacuna para SARS-CoV-2 y su seguridad en esta población. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional. Se incluyeron pacientes ≥18 años, con AR ACR/EULAR 2010 que recibieron la vacunación para SARS-CoV-2. Detección de IgG anti-proteína S (kit COVIDAR). Resultados: se incluyeron 120 pacientes con AR. El 24,4% recibió tratamiento con glucocorticoides, 50,9% drogas biológicas y 13,3% inhibidores de JAK (janus kinases). El 6% había tenido infección por SARS-CoV-2 previamente. La vacuna más utilizada en la primera dosis fue Sputnik V (52,9%). El 25% recibió esquemas heterólogos. Luego de la primera dosis, el 59% presentó una prueba no reactiva o indeterminada, y un 18% luego de la segunda dosis. La aplicación de esquemas homólogos de vacuna Sinopharm (63,6% vs 13,3%, p<0,0001), y el uso de abatacept (27,3% vs 5,1%, p=0,005) y rituximab (18,2% vs 0%, p=0,001) al momento de la vacunación se asociaron a un resultado no reactivo o indeterminado. Conclusiones: similar a lo reportado en otras poblaciones internacionales, en esta cohorte, dos de cada 10 pacientes no desarrollaron anticuerpos. Una menor respuesta se asoció con la vacuna Sinopharm y al tratamiento con abatacept y rituximab.

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Alimentación suplementaria alternativa de Apis mellifera L. durante la época de escasez en Yucatán, México
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Tucuch-Haas, Jorge Ismael

; Rangel-Fajardo, María Alma

; Casanova-Lugo, Fernando

; Ruíz-Sánchez, Esaú

; Utrera-Quintana, Fernando

; Tucuch-Haas, Cesar Jacier

; Burgos-Díaz, Johnny Abraham

Ecosistemas y recursos agropecuarios

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2020, Volume 7 N. 3 elocation e2601

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT. Beekeeping is one of the outstanding activities worldwide, however, the time of shortage of nectar and pollen negatively affects the conditions of the colonies; In view of this situation, the present work aimed to evaluate protein syrups obtained from chaya leaves (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius Mill IM Johns), moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) and ramón seeds (Brosimum alicastrum Swarts) added in doses of 10, 25 and 50 g of sugar syrup in a 1: 1 ratio (p / v). Acceptance, weight gain, number of bees, number of cells with capped brood, nectar-honey and pollen were recorded. Data were collected using a completely randomized blocks design with a 3x4 factorial arrangement. The B. alicastrum syrup had an acceptance of 99.9%, followed by C. aconitifolius and M. oleifera, with 91.7 and 83.4% respectively, in weight gain, B. alicastrum gained 0.87 ± 0.14 kg, followed by C. aconitifolius and M. oleifera, with 0.3 ± 0.17 and -0.4 ± 0.11 kg respectively, in the same way B. alicastrum presented the best response for the variables, number of bees (1021.64), cells with brood (499.69) and cells with nectar. -Honey (515.22), surpassing C. aconitifolius (791.33 bees, 125.88 brood and 299.88 nectar-honey) and M. oleifera (805.08 bees, 240.11 brood and 305.45 nectar-honey); It is concluded that the syrup added with 25 g of B. alicastrum was the best combination and can be used as an efficient alternative in the supplementary feeding of honey bees during the lean season.

RESUMEN. La apicultura es una de las actividades sobresalientes a nivel mundial, sin embargo, la época de escasez de néctar y polen afecta negativamente las condiciones de las colonias; ante tal situación, el presente trabajo, tuvo como objetivo evaluar jarabes proteicos obtenido de hojas de chaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius Mill I. M. Johns), moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) y semillas de ramón (Brosimum alicastrum Swarts) adicionadas en dosis de 10, 25 y 50 g al jarabe de azúcar en proporción 1:1 (p/v). Se registró la aceptación, ganancia de peso, número de abejas, número de celdas con cría operculada, néctar-miel y polen. Los datos se recabaron mediante un diseño bloques completamente al azar con un arreglo factorial 3x4. El jarabe de B. alicastrum, tuvo una aceptación de 99.9%, seguido de C. aconitifolius y M. oleifera, con un 91.7 y 83.4% respectivamente, en la ganancia de peso, B. alicastrum gano 0.87 ± 0.14 kg, seguido de C. aconitifolius y M. oleifera, con 0.3 ± 0.17 y -0.4 ± 0.11 kg respectivamente, de igual forma B. alicastrum presentó la mejor respuesta para las variables, numero de abejas (1021.64), celdas con cría (499.69) y celdas con néctar-miel (515.22), superando a C. aconitifolius (791.33 abejas, 125.88 cría y 299.88 néctar-miel) y M. oleifera (805.08 abejas, 240.11 cría y 305.45 néctar-miel); se concluye que el jarabe adicionado con 25 g de B. alicastrum fue la mejor combinación y puede ser utilizado como una alternativa eficiente en la alimentación suplementaria de las abejas melíferas durante la época de escasez.

https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a7n3.2601 36 downloads

Strawberry monocropping: Impacts on fruit yield and soil microorganisms
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Lovaisa, Nadia C

; Guerrero-Molina, María F.

; Delaporte-Quintana, Paola G

; Alderete, Mara D

; Ragout, Alicia L

; Salazar, Sergio M

; Pedraza, Raúl O

Journal of soil science and plant nutrition

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dec 2017, Volume 17 N. 4 Pages 86 - 883

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The objective of this work was to explore the impacts of intensive strawberry monocropping during five years on the fruit-yield and onthe microbial soil activity and composition. Field trials were performed in twoplots: P1 (a soil with five years of consecutive strawberry cropping), and P2 (asoil with just one year of strawberry cropping). Fruit-yield was quantified;total microorganisms and four functional groups (cellulolytics, nitrogen-fixers, phosphate solubilizers, and siderophores producers) were quantified, isolated and characterized in both plots. Total microbial activity was assessed by the hydrolysis of fluorescein-diacetate and soil respiration methods. As results, in P1, a 51 % decrease in fruit-yield was observed, whilein P2 it was closer to the yield obtained in P1 during the first and second year of cultivation. Total microbial number and activity were 23 % and 70% lower in P1 than in P2 at the end of the cropping, respectively. In general,the quantity of total culturable microorganisms and the functional group sanalyzed were significantly higher in P2 than in P1 (p< 0.05).The most prevailing bacteria putatively identified were Cellulosimicrobacterium cellulans, Paenibacillus sp., Azospirillum brasilense, and Burkholderia sp. According to our results, the intensive cultivation of strawberry for several years in the same field exerted a negative impact on the soil quality, affecting the native microbial population, which might be linked to the fruit yield decline.

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Efecto de dos extractos acuosos de meliáceas sobre Tetranychus spp. (Acari: Tetranychidae) en condiciones de laboratorio
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Encina Romero, Rosa Liliana

; Ramírez de López, María Bernarda

; Pino Quintana, César Darío

Investigación Agraria

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dec 2011, Volume 13 N. 2 Pages 95 - 100

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

This study was to evaluate the effect of two aqueous extracts of the Meliaceae Azadirachta indica A. Juss and Melia azedarach L. on mites of the genus Tetranychus spp. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Plant Protection, Division of Entomology, de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, under controlled conditions of temperature 25 ± 5 °C, humidity 70 ± 5% and 12 hours light . Mites reared on bean pots (Vigna unguiculata), were transferred to Petri dishes, which contained leaf discs 3 cm in diameter previously dipped in the different extracts of Meliaceae whith doses of 1, 5 and 10 g in 100 mL of distilled water and an absolute control. The measured variable was the mortality of mites. Evaluations were performed at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after application of the extracts. Extracts of A. indica and M. azedarach showed acaricidal effect on Tetranychus spp. The highest dose of A. indica and M. azedarach were most effective in the control of Tetranychus spp. The A. indica and M. azedarach showed better efficacy on Tetranychus spp at 96 hours.

El trabajo consistió en evaluar el efecto de dos extractos acuosos de Meliáceas, Azadirachta indica A.Juss y Melia azedarach L., sobre ácaros pertenecientes al género Tetranychus spp. El experimento se realizó en el Departamento de Protección Vegetal, División de Entomología, de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, bajo condiciones controladas de temperatura 25 ± 5 °C, humedad 70 ± 5% y 12 hs luz. Los ácaros criados en macetas con plantas de poroto (Vigna unguiculata), fueron transferidos a placas de Petri, las cuales contenían discos de hojas de 3 cm de diámetro previamente sumergidas en los diferentes extractos de Meliáceas, con dosis de 1; 5 y 10 g en 100 mL de agua destilada y un testigo absoluto. La variable medida fue la mortalidad de los ácaros. Las evaluaciones se realizaron a las 24, 48, 72 y 96 hs después de la aplicación de los extractos. Los extractos de A. indica y M. azedarach presentaron efecto acaricida sobre Tetranychus spp. La dosis más alta de A. indica y M. azedarach fueron las más eficaces en el control de Tetranychus spp. La A. indica y la M. azedarach demostraron mejor eficacia sobre Tetranychus spp a las 96 horas.

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Visceral leishmaniasis in border areas: clustered distribution of phlebotomine sand flies in Clorinda, Argentina
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Salomón, Oscar D

; Quintana, María G

; Bruno, Mario R

; Quiriconi, Ricardo V

; Cabral, Viviana

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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aug 2009, Volume 104 N. 5 Pages 801 - 804

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Three years after the first report of Lutzomyia longipalpis in Clorinda, Argentina, a border city near Asunción, Paraguay, the city was surveyed again. Lu. longipalpis was found clustered in the same neighbourhoods in 2007 as in 2004, even though the scattered distribution of canine visceral leishmaniasis was more related to the traffic of dogs through the border.

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Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psycodidae) fauna in the Chaco region and Cutaneous Leishmaniasis transmission patterns in Argentina
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Salomón, Oscar D

; Rosa, Juan R

; Stein, Marina

; Quintana, María G

; Fernández, María S

; Visintin, Andrés M

; Spinelli, Gustavo R

; Pascual, María M Bogado de

; Molinari, María L

; Morán, María L

; Valdez, Daniel

; Bruno, Mario Romero

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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sep 2008, Volume 103 N. 6 Pages 578 - 584

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In Argentina, the incidence of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) has shown a steady increase over the last few decades. In the Chaco biogeographical region, specifically, several outbreaks of ACL were recently reported in addition to the usual time-space scattering of ACL cases. However, little is known about the sandfly composition in the eastern, humid Chaco (HC) region or the western, dry Chaco (DC) region. Therefore, phlebotomine captures were performed throughout this region and an analysis of the distribution of reported ACL cases was conducted in order to assess the vector diversity in ACL endemic and epidemic scenarios in the Chaco region. The results support the hypothesis of two distinct patterns: (1) the DC, where Lutzomyia migonei was the most prevalent species, had isolated ACL cases and a zoonotic cycle; (2) the HC, where Lutzomyia neivai was the most prevalent species, had an increase in ACL incidence and outbreaks and an anthropozoonotic cycle. The epidemic risk in the Chaco region may be associated with the current climate trends, landscape modification, connection with other ACL foci, and Lu. neivai predominance and abundance. Therefore, changes in sandfly population diversity and density in the Chaco region are an indicator of emergent epidemic risk in sentinel capture sites.

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Urban distribution of Phlebotominae in a cutaneous leishmaniasis focus, Argentina
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Salomón, Oscar D

; Quintana, María G

; Zaidenberg, Mario

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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may 2008, Volume 103 N. 3 Pages 282 - 287

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Urbanization and vector domestication are currently proposed as factors that contributed to the recent increase of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). Is likely also urban transmission? Oran is the main city in the Argentinean hyper-endemic area of ACL, and human cases in urban residences are usually reported. In order to assess the spatial distribution of risk, phlebotomine traps were located in different environments of Oran. A total of 7,787 sand flies were captured: Lutzomyia neivai (98.1%), Lutzomyia migonei (1.2%), Lutzomyia cortelezzii (0.7%), and one Lutzomyia shannoni. During the season of transmission (April-May) a single sand fly was obtained in one out of five urban sites, while a trap in a peri-urban pigsty captured up to 2,985 Lu. neivai/night. Captures performed in the other season of vector activity (September-October) revealed that small-scale changes in the pigsty environment resulted in noticeable changes in the abundance of Lu. neivai. In addition, in a new neighbourhood, on the fringe of the city, 1,073 Lu. neivai/site were captured in the forested edge but one in the yard of the houses. Therefore, in this urban ACL focus the human-vector effective contact risk is still associated with peri-urban vegetation and ecotone modifications despite the urban residence of the cases.

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Successful control program to implement the appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis for cesarean section
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Fonseca, Silvia Nunes Szente

; Sofia, Maria Helena

; Quintana, Silvana

; Nogueira, Fernanda Dos Santos

; Levin, Anna S.

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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apr 2008, Volume 50 N. 2 Pages 79 - 82

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: descrever a implantação de um programa de redução de doses usadas para profilaxia antimicrobiana em cesárea. MÉTODOS: Descrição a implantação de um programa de redução de profilaxia com cefazolina de 2 g para 1 g através de discussões semanais com profissionais, dispensação automática de frascos de 1 g de cefazolina pela farmácia exceto quando feito pedido expresso pelo cirurgião. Houve um trabalho para aumentar a vigilância pós alta, com o objetivo de tranquilizar os cirurgiões quanto à segurança da nova dose. Foi realizada uma avaliação prospectiva, antes e depois da implantação do programa, do consumo de cefazolina e das taxas de infecção obtidas por vigilância durante a hospitalização e após a alta. RESULTADOS: Houve 5.164 e 5.204 partos em 2001-2 e 2003-4, respectivamente, sendo que 1.524 (29,5%) e 1.363 (26%) foram cesáreas. Houve uma queda de consumo de frascos de cefazolina de 45% (2,29 para 1,25 por cesárea). O número de pacientes avaliados para infecção hospitalar aumentou de 16% para 67%, e as taxas de infecção foram 3,34% e 2,42%, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Uma intervenção ampla, que incluiu medidas administrativas e educacionais, levou a uma alta adesão ao programa de redução de dose profilática em cesárea e permitiu uma economia acima de US$ 4.000 apenas considerando custos com cefazolina. Esta pode ser considerada importante especialmente porque o reembolso do SUS para parto cesárea é aproximadamente US$ 80.

OBJECTIVE: Describe implementation of a successful program to reduce doses (cefazolin 2 to 1 g) used for antimicrobial prophylaxis. METHODS: Evaluation of an intervention program to reduce prophylactic antimicrobial doses. The intervention included weekly staff discussions, automatic dispensation of 1g-vial of cefazolin by the pharmacy unless expressly requested by surgeon and increase in post-discharge surveillance as a strategy to reassure surgeons of the safety of the reduction. In the pre and post intervention periods, a prospective study of antimicrobial consumption and surgical site infections were measured. RESULTS: There were 5,164 and 5,204 deliveries in 2001-2002 and 2003-2004, respectively; 1,524 (29.5%) and 1,363 (26%) were cesarean sections. There was a 45% decrease in cefazolin vials used on average per cesarean section (2.29 to 1.25). Patients evaluated increased from 16% to 67% and the SSI rates in both periods were 3.34% to 2.42%, respectively. CONCLUSION: An ample intervention, including administrative and educational measures, led to high compliance with dose reduction and saved more than US$4,000 in cefazolin, considered important because government reimbursement in Brazil for cesarean section is $80.

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Controle de polidrâmnio recorrente em gestante portadora do HIV-1: relato de caso
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Duarte, Geraldo

; Figueiró-Filho, Ernesto Antonio

; El Beitune, Patrícia

; Quintana, Silvana Maria

; Marcolin, Alessandra Cristina

; Yano, Rafael Kioshi

; Cavalli, Ricardo de Carvalho

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

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apr 2004, Volume 26 N. 3 Pages 241 - 245

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A redução da transmissão vertical (TV) do vírus da imunodeficiência humana tipo 1 (HIV-1) utilizando a profilaxia com a zidovudina (AZT) representa significativo avanço na assistência pré-natal e obstétrica destas pacientes. Condutas obstétricas invasivas são contra-indicadas em gestantes portadoras do HIV-1, em face do risco de aumento da taxa de TV deste vírus. Os autores relatam um caso de polidrâmnio recorrente em gestante portadora do HIV-1, que exigiu drenagem por amniocentese. Foram realizadas quatro punções ao longo da gestação, na 23ª, 26ª, 27ª e 29ª semanas, todas guiadas por ultra-sonografia, drenando, respectivamente, 1.800, 1.450, 1.700 e 1.960 mL de líquido amniótico claro em cada punção. Com 30 semanas e 5 dias de gestação a paciente apresentou trabalho de parto pré-termo, evoluindo para parto vaginal de recém-nato (RN) pesando 1.690 g e medindo 43 cm. O RN evoluiu com diagnóstico de nefropatia perdedora de sódio, tendo três aferições de reação em cadeia de polimerase para HIV-1 negativas. Os autores ilustram uma opção no manejo de situações que envolvam gestantes portadoras do HIV-1 que necessitem de procedimentos obstétricos invasivos, utilizando AZT endovenoso (2 mg/kg) previamente ao procedimento, medida que apresentou excelente resultado no caso descrito, evitando a infecção perinatal pelo HIV-1.

The reduction of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of the HIV-1 using zidovudine (ZDV) represents a cornerstone in the prenatal and obstetrical care to these patients. The invasive fetal and obstetric procedures are proscribed in HIV-1 infected pregnant patients, to avoid the increased risk of MTCT of this virus. The authors present a case of an HIV-1 infected woman with recurrent polyhydramnios. Four ultrasound-guided amniotic punctures were performed in the 23rd, 26th, 27th and 29th weeks of gestation, each one draining the respective volumes of 1,800, 1,450, 1,700 and 1,960 ml of clear amniotic fluid. The patient started preterm labor with 30 weeks and 5 days resulting in vaginal delivery of a male neonate weighing 1,690g and measuring 43cm. The baby presented a post natal diagnosis of a sodium-losing nephropathy and was submitted to three negative polymerase chain reaction tests for HIV-1. The authors point out that the option to manage cases of HIV-1 infected pregnancies that could need invasive obstetric procedures should be to give the patient 2 mg//kg of ZDV endovenously before the procedure, in order to avoid MTCT of HIV-1, as it has demonstrated good results in this case.

6051 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

10.

Efeito diabetogênico das drogas anti-retrovirais em ratas Wistar prenhes
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Figueiró-Filho, Ernesto Antonio

; Duarte, Geraldo

; El Beitune, Patrícia

; Quintana, Silvana Maria

; Marcolin, Alessandra Cristina

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

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feb 2004, Volume 26 N. 1 Pages 31 - 36

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: estudar a ação diabetogênica de drogas anti-retrovirais em ratas prenhes e o prognóstico perinatal das crias. MÉTODOS: estudo com ratas fêmeas prenhes adultas da raça Wistar, pesando entre 200-230 g. Foram testadas a azidotimidina (AZT), lamivudina (3TC) e nelfinavir (NFV), cujas dosagens foram padronizadas em 10 vezes a dose utilizada em gestantes, proporcionalmente ao peso dos animais. Foram avaliados sete grupos, incluindo o controle, contendo 10 ratas por grupo. O início do experimento foi o dia zero da prenhez e as cesarianas realizadas no 21º dia, após decapitação, sendo os fetos contados e pesados. Procedeu-se a dosagens de glicemia, insulina, glucagon e lactato no 21º dia. Avaliou-se também o peso do tecido adiposo retroperitoneal. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se o teste t de Student para a análise estatística. RESULTADOS: os grupos tratados com 3TC, AZT + 3TC e AZT + 3TC + NFV demonstraram alterações com a redução das médias de ganho de peso materno diário, do peso da gordura retroperitoneal e peso das crias (grupo controle: 6,2 g; grupos contendo 3TC: 4,1 a 5,6 g), bem como dos valores de lactato (grupo controle: 5,8 mmol/mL; grupos contendo 3TC: 3,2 a 3,7 mmol/mL), quando comparados ao controle. Todos os grupos tratados com drogas anti-retrovirais apresentaram redução significativa do número de fetos por ninhada (grupo controle: 14,7; grupos medicamentos: 11,1 a 12,7) e dos valores séricos de insulinemia (grupo controle: 6,2 µUI/mL; grupos medicamentos: 2,1 a 2,7 µUI/mL) e elevação da glucagonemia (grupo controle: 88,2 pg/mL; grupos medicamentos: 99,7 a 120,7 pg/mL). Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre o grupo controle e tratados nos valores de glicemia. CONCLUSÕES: o uso de anti-retrovirais em ratas prenhes causa interferência no metabolismo glicídico dos animais durante o período de prenhez, provocando significativa redução do número das crias. Observou-se que o uso do 3TC resultou em menor ganho de peso materno e das crias, redução de insulina e lactato e elevação do glucagon.

PURPOSE: to experimentally evaluate the diabetogenic effects of antiretroviral drugs on pregnant Wistar rats and the perinatal effects on the offspring. METHODS: adult female pregnant Wistar rats weighing 200-230 g were used. The antiretroviral drugs zidovudine (ZDV), lamivudine (3TC) and nelfinavir (NFV) were used alone and in association at daily doses of ten times the dose normally used in pregnant women, proportionally to the animal's body weight. Seven groups were studied, including the control. The experiment started on day 0 of pregnancy and the pregnant animals were sacrificed on day 21. The fetuses were counted and weighed. Blood determinations of glucose, insulin, glucagon and lactate were performed on day 21. The retroperitoneal adipose tissue was weighed. Data were analyzed statistically by Student's t-test. RESULTS: the groups treated with 3TC, ZDV + 3TC and ZDV + 3TC + NFV showed decreasing values of maternal daily body weight gain, retroperitoneal adipose tissue weight and weight of fetuses (control group: 6.2 g; 3TC group variation: 4.1-5.6 g). The serum lactate levels were also decreased when compared to the control in these groups (control group: 5.8 mmol/mL; 3TC group variations: 3.2-3.7 mmol/mL). All antiretroviral-treated groups showed a decreasing number of fetuses when compared to the control (control group: 14.7; drug group variation: 11.1-12.7). All treated groups also showed decreasing serum values of insulin (control group: 6.2 µIU/mL; drug group variation: 2.1 to 2.7 µIU/mL) and increasing serum levels of glucagon when compared to the control (control group: 88.2 pg/mL; drug group variation: 99.7 to 120.7 pg/mL). There was no statistical significance of glucose levels when comparing treated groups to the control. CONCLUSIONS: the antiretroviral drugs interfered in carbohydrate metabolism of pregnant rats and reduced the number of fetuses. 3TC caused less maternal body weight gain, decreased fetus weight and lactate and insulin levels and increased serum glucagon.

2527 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

11.

Intolerância glicêmica e o prognóstico perinatal em gestantes utilizando anti-retrovirais
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El Beitune, Patrícia

; Duarte, Geraldo

; Quintana, Silvana Maria

; Foss, Milton César

; Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa Márcia

; Figueiró-Filho, Ernesto Antonio

; Marcolin, Alessandra Cristina

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

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aug 2003, Volume 25 N. 7 Pages 465 - 471

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVOS: estudar o efeito das drogas anti-retrovirais sobre o metabolismo glicêmico em gestantes portadoras do HIV-1 e a ação dessas medicações sobre o prognóstico perinatal. MÉTODOS: estudo prospectivo realizado em 57 gestantes divididas em três grupos: grupo AZT, utilizando zidovudina (n=20); grupo TT, utilizando zidovudina+lamivudina+nelfinavir (n=25), e grupo controle, gestantes normais (n=12). Obteve-se a área sob a curva (ASC) das glicemias após teste oral de tolerância à glicose com 75 g de glicose em quatro oportunidades durante a gravidez (1º=14-20 semanas, 2º=21-26 semanas, 3º=27-32 semanas e 4º=33-38 semanas). O prognóstico perinatal levou em consideração as taxas de prematuridade, restrição de crescimento intra-útero (RCIU), baixo peso ao nascer, mortalidade perinatal e transmissão vertical do HIV-1. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se os testes não paramétricos do c², de Friedman e de Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS: os valores da mediana da ASC foi de 11.685 mg/dL-2h para o grupo controle, 13.477 mg/dL-2h para o grupo AZT e 13.650 mg/dL-2h para o grupo TT (p=0,049). Não se observou efeito deletério dos anti-retrovirais sobre as taxas de prematuridade, baixo peso ao nascer, RCIU e índices de Apgar. Não houve nenhum caso de transmissão vertical do HIV-1. CONCLUSÕES: verificou-se o desenvolvimento de intolerância glicêmica em gestantes que utilizaram tratamento tríplice, não sendo observado naquelas que utilizaram apenas AZT. Não houve efeitos deletérios dos anti-retrovirais sobre o prognóstico perinatal.

PURPOSE: to investigate the effect of antiretroviral drugs on carbohydrate metabolism in HIV-infected pregnant women and on fetal and neonatal prognosis. METHODS: a prospective study was conducted on 57 pregnant women. The women were divided into three groups: ZDV group, taking zidovudine (n=20), TT group, taking zidovudine + lamivudine + nelfinavir (n=25), and control group (n=12). Blood samples were obtained for the determination of the area under the curve (AUC) after a 75-g oral glucose test at four periods during pregnancy (1st=14-20 weeks, 2nd= 21-26 weeks, 3rd=27-32 weeks and 4th=33-38 weeks). Perinatal prognosis was based on prematurity rates, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), low birth weight, perinatal mortality, and vertical HIV-1 transmission. Data were analyzed statistically using the nonparametric c² test, Friedman test and Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: the median values of the AUC were 11.685 mg/dL for the control group, 13.477 mg/dL for the ZDV Group, and 13.650 mg/dL for the TT group (p=0.049). The antiretroviral agents had no deleterious effects on prematurity, low birth weight, IUGR rates or on Apgar score. There was no case of vertical transmission of HIV-1. CONCLUSIONS: an association was detected between the use of triple therapy and the development of carbohydrate intolerance during pregnancy. This association was not shown with ZDV alone. The antiretroviral agents had no deleterious effects on perinatal prognosis.

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12.

Efeito das drogas anti-retrovirais sobre as taxas de fertilidade de ratas Wistar
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Figueiró Filho, Ernesto Antonio

; Duarte, Geraldo

; Silva, Alzira Amélia Martins Rosa e

; Fonseca, Benedito Antonio Lopes da

; Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa Márcia

; Quintana, Silvana Maria

; El Beitune, Patrícia

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

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dec 2002, Volume 24 N. 10 Pages 647 - 652

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: avaliar os efeitos de drogas anti-retrovirais isoladas e em associação sobre as taxas de fertilidade em ratas prenhes expostas a estes fármacos, bem como o efeito perinatal nas crias. MÉTODOS: foram utilizadas ratas fêmeas prenhes adultas da raça Wistar, pesando inicialmente entre 200 e 230 g. Foram testadas a azidotimidina (AZT), lamivudina (3TC) e nelfinavir (NFV), cujas dosagens foram padronizadas em 10 vezes a dose normalmente utilizada em gestantes, proporcionalmente ao peso dos animais. No total foram avaliados sete grupos, incluindo o controle. O início da experimentação foi o dia zero da prenhez e as cesarianas foram realizadas com 21 dias de prenhez. Para o cálculo das taxas de fertilidade, avaliaram-se o número de fetos vivos e mortos, sítios de implantação e número de corpos lúteos. Utilizaram-se o teste t de Student e Mann-Whitney para a análise estatística. RESULTADOS: não houve alterações significativas nas taxas de perdas pré-implantação e da eficiência de implantação de ratas tratadas com anti-retrovirais isolados e em associação. No entanto, houve aumento significativo nas taxas de perdas pós-implantação (grupo controle: 7,6%; grupos medicamentos: de 20,2 a 26,7%), redução significativa nas taxas de viabilidade fetal (grupo controle: 92,4%; grupos medicamentos: de 73,3 a 79,8%) e redução significativa no número de fetos por ninhada (grupo controle: 14,7, grupos medicamentos: de 11,1 a 12,7). Observou-se também que houve redução do peso materno e dos fetos nos grupos tratados com 3TC, AZT + 3TC e AZT + 3TC + NFV. CONCLUSÃO: com a utilização de doses elevadas de medicamentos anti-retrovirais na presente casuística, efeitos importantes sobre a fertilidade foram encontrados, o que sinaliza para a necessidade de se pesquisarem outros fármacos anti-retrovirais com menor potencial histotóxico e que possam, com segurança, ser utilizados por gestantes portadoras da infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana.

PURPOSE: to evaluate experimentally the effects of antiretroviral drugs used alone and in association upon the fertility of pregnant Wistar rats and the perinatal effects on the offspring. METHODS: adult female pregnant Wistar rats weighing 200-230 g were used. The antiretroviral drugs zidovudine (AZT), lamivudine (3TC) and nelfinavir (NFV) were used alone and in association at daily doses of ten times the dose normally used in pregnant women, proportionally to the animal's body weight. Seven groups were studied, including the control one. The experiment started on day 0 and the pregnant animals were sacrificed on day 21. The alive and dead fetuses, the total implantation sites and the total numbers of corporea lutea were used to calculate the fertility values. The statistical analysis was performed by Student's t test and by the Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: there were no significant statistical differences regarding preimplantation loss and implantation efficiency values of the rats treated with isolated and associated antiretroviral drugs. There was a significant increase in the postimplantation loss values (control group: 7.6%; drug groups variation: 20.2-26.7%), a decrease in the fetal viability values (control group: 92.4%, drug groups variation: 73.3-79.8%), and a decreasing number of fetuses per animal (control group: 14.7; drug groups variation: 11.1-12.7). There was a significant weight reduction of the female rats and of the offspring of animals treated with 3TC, AZT + 3TC and AZT + 3TC + NFV. CONCLUSION: with the administration of high antiretroviral doses, important fertility effects could be observed, which showed that less histotoxic antiretroviral drugs must be studied in order to warrant the safety of using these medicines in pregnant HIV-1 - infected women.

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13.

Inmunoglobulina G Anti Helicobacter Pylori por Elisa y Western-blot en pacientes del Servicio de Gastroenterología del Hospital San Vicente de Paúl, Heredia
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Quintana Guzmán, Eugenia Ma

; Schosinsky Nevermann, Karl

; Davidovich Rose, Henry

; Taylor Castillo, Lizeth

; Arias Echandi, María Laura

Acta Médica Costarricense

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mar 2000, Volume 42 N. 1 Pages 19 - 24

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Justificación y Objetivo: En Costa Rica el cáncer gástrico es una de las malignidades más frecuentes y de la mayor mortalidad y otros estudios han encontrado asociación entre este y el Helicobacter pylori. Esta bacteria es capaz de producir sustancias que alteran la mucosa gástrica, antígenos que han sido reconocidos por medio del Western-blot. El propósito de este trabajo fue realizar, por primera vez en nuestro país, un estudio de anticuerpos IgG-anti H. pylori por medio de Western-blot y lograr identificar los tipos de antígenos contra los cuales se desarrolla la respuesta inmunológica. Para ello se utilizaron sueros y cepas de H. pylori aisladas de pacientes costarricenses. Asimismo, se compararon los resultados obtenidos del Western-blot con una prueba de ELISA para determinar la sensibilidad y especificidad diagnóstica, utilizando como referencia el estudio histológico de biopsia gástrica. Métodos: Se obtuvieron muestras de biopsia gástrica y suero de 83 pacientes referidos al Servicio de Gastroscopía del Hospital San Vicente de Paúl, Heredia. A cada uno se le realizó estudio histológico de biopsia gástrica y de anticuerpos IgG-anti H. pylori, por los métodos de ELISA y Western-blot. Resultados y Conclusiones: Por Western-blot se observaron bandas de proteínas de diferentes pesos moleculares, con un predominio de antígenos de H. pylori de bajo peso molecular. El Western-blot y el ELISA presentaron sensibilidades diagnósticas del 89% y el 88% y especificades diagnósticas del 73% y el 71%, respectivamente, comparados con el estudio histológico.

Background and aim: In Costa Rica the gastric cancer is the malignancy that produces more deaths. In other studies their pathology it has been associated with Helicobacter pylori. This bacteria is able to produce substances that alter the gastric mucosa, antigens that have been caracterized by Western-blot. The purpose of this study was to performed for the first time in our country a study of IgG-anti H. pylori by Western-blot to identify the antigens that induce an immune response, using sera and strains of H. pylori isolated from Costa Rican patients. Also the results obtained by Western-blot were compared with an ELISA test to determine the clinical sensibility and specificity using the gastric biopsy as reference. Method: Samples consisted of gastric biopsies and sera from 83 patients refered to the Endoscopy Service of the San Vicente de Paul Hospital, Heredia. To each patient a histologic study of gastric biopsy was realized and antibodies study of IgG anti H. pylori by ELISA and Western-blot. Results and conclutions: In the Western-blot protein bands of different molecular weight with a predominance of H. pylori antigens of low molecular weight were observed. The Western-blot and ELISA had a clinical sensitivity of 89% and 88% and a clinical specificity of 73% and 71% respectively, when compared with the histology.

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