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This study evaluated the pollutant levels (NO2, SO2, CO, and O3), air quality index (AQI) and the influence of meteorological variables and coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the air quality in Rio de Janeiro. The data set used comprises periods before (March-April, 2019) and during pandemic (March-April, 2020). According to the AQI results, on most days, the air quality was ranked as “good”. Brazilian air quality standards for SO2, O3, and NO2 were not exceeded in any of the monitoring stations during partial lockdown, while CO exceeded in all periods in one site due to industrial emission. Comparing both periods, descriptive statistics for the meteorological parameters presented no differences, which suggests similar conditions. However, when evaluated week by week in 2020, weather conditions presented some differences that probably affected pollutant concentrations. The correlations between O3 and NO2 and some meteorological parameters indicate that variations in both favored ozone formation, since it is a photochemical process favored by temperature and solar radiation and that, in Rio de Janeiro, low NO2 concentrations lead to increased O3. The improvements on air quality during the partial lockdown may be attributed mainly to a reduction on emission sources rather than weather conditions.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220089

Ursolic Acid Derivatives Down Regulate Inflammatory Mediators
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Scherrer, Elaine C.

; Valadares, Ydia M.

; Alves, Caio C. S.

; Carli, Alessandra P.

; Fernandes, Bárbara G. R.

; Carvalho, Paloma E.

; Ramos, Karla A.

; Salvador, Maiara R.

; Silva, Jeferson G. da

; Silva, Fernando S.

; Denadai, Ângelo M. L.

; Castro, Sandra B. R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 N. 9 Pages 1250 - 1261

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Ursolic acid (UA) is being investigated due to its anti-inflammatory potential, and structural modifications can enhance its biological activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the ursolic acid derivatives (UAD) in macrophages and in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model. RAW264.7 cells were cultured in the presence or absence of UA or UAD (1-18). Nitric oxide (NO), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and cellular viability were measured. 30 min before the carrageenan-induced paw edema, the UAD1 and UAD2 (200 mg kg-1) were administered intraperitoneally. The results showed that UAD2-4, UAD7, UAD9-11 had half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) greater than 90 µM and were able to reduce NO, NF-κB and TNF production. Moreover, UAD1 and UAD2 reduced paw edema and IL-6 production. In conclusion, the results obtained demonstrated a variation in the response between the derivatives due to the chemical modifications, showing potential to reduce the inflammatory mediators, deserving further investigations.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230036

Protocol for reproduction and ploidy confirmation in Nodipecten nodosus (Linnaeus, 1758) by flow cytometry
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Ferreira, Y. M.

; Silva, R. R.

; Alves, A. C.

; Ramos, L. R. V.

; Nascimento, N. F.

; Yasui, G. S.

; Santos, M. P.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e270425

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.270425

Antimicrobial effect of Pentaclethra Macroloba plant extract against Enterococcus Faecalis
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Gioster-Ramos, M. L.

; Pedrinha, V. F.

; Barros, M. C.

; Bezerra, R. M.

; Andrade, F. B.

; Kuga, M. C.

; Vaz, L. G.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e272095

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This study evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy of a new intracanal drug based on Pentaclethra macroloba extract, a plant of Amazonian origin, against Enterococcus faecalis using macrodilution test and intratubular evaluation with Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the pure extract of Pentaclethra macroloba andits association with calcium hydroxide and ultracall were determined. Then, thirty-three dentin cylinders were prepared and inoculated with E. faecalis, to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of the medications on the dentinal tubules with CLSM. The data was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. The extract in association with calcium hydroxide showed a lower CBM, and in the intratubular test all tested medications were effective against E. faecalis (P >0.05). The new intracanal drug based on P. macroloba extract has an antimicrobial effect against E. faecalis and further studies are needed for its clinical use.

Resumo Este estudo avaliou a eficácia antimicrobiana de uma nova droga intracanal à base de extrato de Pentaclethra macroloba, uma planta de origem amazônica, contra Enterococcus faecalis por meio do teste de macrodiluição e avaliação intratubular em Microscopia Confocal de Varredura a Laser (CLSM). Foram determinadas a concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) e a concentração bactericida mínima (CBM) do extrato puro de Pentaclethra macroloba, sua associação com hidróxido de cálcio e ultracall. Em seguida, trinta e três cilindros de dentina foram preparados e inoculados com E. faecalis, para avaliar o efeito antimicrobiano de medicamentos nos túbulos dentinários em CLSM. Os dados foram analisados por meio dos testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn. O extrato em associação com hidróxido de cálcio apresentou menor CBM. E no teste intratubular, todas as medicações testadas foram efetivas contra E. faecalis (P >0,05). A nova droga intracanal à base de extrato de P. macroloba tem efeito antimicrobiano contra E. faecalis e mais estudos são necessários para seu uso clínico.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.272095

La certificación de especialistas en medicina familiar en México: 35 años de evolución
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Fernández-Ortega, Miguel A.

; Mazón-Ramírez, Juan J.

; Rivero-López, Carlos A.

; Pons-Álvarez, Octavio Noel

; Portillo-García, Zitlalli

; Hernández-Martínez, Minerva P.

; López-Lozano, Miguel

; Ovando-Diego, Liliana

; Domínguez-del-Olmo, Javier A.

; Palacios-Hernández, Alejandra

; Román-Arrioja, Verónica

; Bailón Ramos, Marco A.

; Tecuanhuey-Tlahuel, Héctor

; Figueroa-Chavira, Ana R.

; López-Salas, Sara de J.

; Huerta-González, José L.

; Avilés-Sánchez, María Emilia

Revista mexicana de medicina familiar

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dec 2022, Volume 9 N. 4 Pages 126 - 132

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Se presenta la evolución histórica de la certificación de especialistas en medicina familiar en México, a 35 años de su fundación. Asimismo, se abordan brevemente los procesos de evaluación de los sustentantes y la importancia de mantener la «vigencia de la certificación». Se realiza el benchmarking de la certificación en otros países con procesos de certificación bien definidos y consolidados. Al final, se presentan los retos más inmediatos de la certificación en México para esta especialidad.

ABSTRACT: The historical evolution of the Certification of Specialists in Family Medicine in Mexico is presented, 35 years after its foundation. Likewise, the evaluation processes of the applicants and the importance of maintaining the “Certification Validity” are briefly addressed. Certification benchmarking is carried out in other countries with well-defined and consolidated certification processes. At the end, the most immediate challenges of the Certification in Mexico for this specialty are presented.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rmf.22000077

Selection indexes and economic weights applied to runner-peanut breeding
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Ramos, Jean P. C.

; Cavalcanti, José J. V.

; Freire, Rosa M. M.

; Silva, Carliane R. C. da

; Silva, Maria de F. C. da

; Santos, Roseane C. dos

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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may 2022, Volume 26 N. 5 Pages 327 - 334

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O amendoim rasteiro é conhecido pela alta produtividade, porém as plantas são tardias para florar e maturar as vagens. A combinação desses caracteres e produção de vagens é largamente almejada no melhoramento dessa oleaginosa. Índices de seleção são ferramentas úteis para auxiliar no melhoramento da cultura. Neste trabalho foram usados sete índices de seleção combinados com pesos econômicos, com objetivo de estimar ganhos genéticos superiores e equilibrados em uma população de amendoim runner. Onze genótipos foram cultivados em três ambientes na região Nordeste sob o delineamento de blocos ao acaso com cinco repetições. Foram utilizados os seguintes índices: Smith e Hazel (SH), Pesek e Baker (PB), Williams (W), Elston (E), Subandi (S), índice de Cruz (GI) e Mulamba e Mock (MM), que foram combinados com os pesos econômicos: W1- peso 1 para todas as características avaliadas; PT - traços primários e secundários; CGv - coeficiente de variação genética; SDg - desvio padrão genético e coeficiente b, obtido por meio de regressão multivariada. Embora a população seja geneticamente uniforme, diferenças estatísticas foram encontradas indicando variabilidade genética suficiente para gerar progresso na seleção. As combinações envolvendo os caracteres de precocidade (B e FPM) não foram satisfatórias para ganhos de produção. O índice baseado no ranks de MM combinado com W1 para todas as características foi o melhor por indicar ganhos mais equilibrados. As cultivares Florunner, Cavalo, LGoPE-06 e LViPE-06 são germoplasma promissores para garantir satisfatórios ganhos de seleção, baseando-se nas medias de produção e alta herdabilidade dos caracteres avaliados.

ABSTRACT Runner peanuts are known for their high pod yields, but are late to flowering and pod maturation, and the optimal combination of these traits with pod yield is widely desired for peanut improvement. Selection indexes are useful tools for crop breeding. In this study, seven selection indexes combined with economic weights were used in a peanut population to estimate the superior and balanced genetic gains. Eleven runner genotypes were grown in three environments in the Northeast region of Brazil under a randomized block design with five replicates. The following indices were used: Smith and Hazel, Pesek and Baker, Williams, Elston, Subandi, Cruz, and Mulamba & Mock, in combination with the following economic weights: weight 1 for all evaluated traits, primary and secondary traits, genetic variation coefficient, genetic standard deviation, and b coefficient, obtained via multivariate regression. Although the population is genetically uniform, statistical differences were found, indicating sufficient genetic variability to generate selection progress. The combinations involving earliness traits were not satisfactory for production gains. The index based on the Mulamba & Mock rankings combined with weight 1 for all traits proved the optimal combination, as indicated by the most balanced gains. The cultivars Florunner, Cavalo, LGoPE-06, and LViPE-06 are promising germplasm for ensuring satisfactory selection gains based on production means and high heritability of the most evaluated traits.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n5p327-334

Multivariate classification of cotton cultivars tolerant to salt stress
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Marcelino, Aline D. A. de L.

; Fernandes, Pedro D.

; Ramos, Jean P. C.

; Dutra, Wellison F.

; Cavalcanti, José J. V.

; Santos, Roseane C. dos

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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apr 2022, Volume 26 N. 4 Pages 266 - 273

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Dois métodos multivariados foram adotados para classificar genótipos de algodoeiro tolerantes ao sal com base no crescimento e nas características fisiológicas. Os genótipos foram cultivados em casa de vegetação e submetidos a 45 dias de irrigação com água salina, a partir da fase V4. A irrigação foi feita com água salina com CEa de 6,0 dS m-1. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com fatorial, sendo nove cultivares, dois tratamentos (controle: 0,6 e 6,0 dS m-1) e quatro repetições. As plantas foram avaliadas quanto a variáveis de crescimento e fisiológicas. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio de analises univariada e multivariada. Nesse último, os modelos não hierárquicos (componentes principais, CP) e hierárquico (UPGMA) foram usados para classificação das cultivares. Diferenças significativas foram encontradas entre as cultivares com base nas análises univariadas. As variáveis que diferiram estatisticamente foram usadas para as análises multivariadas. Quatro grupos foram identificados com a mesma composição nos métodos PC e UPGMA. Entre eles, um conteve as cultivares BRS Seridó, BRS 286, FMT 705 e BRS Rubi, que se mostraram tolerantes ao estresse salino imposto as plantas. Os dados de fotossíntese, transpiração e condutância estomática foram os mais contributivos para classificação das cultivares, pelo método das componentes principais.

ABSTRACT Two multivariate methods were adopted to classify salt-tolerant cotton genotypes based on their growth and physiological traits. The genotypes were cultivated in a greenhouse and subjected to 45 days of irrigation with saline water from the V4 phase onwards. Irrigation was performed with saline water with electrical conductivity (ECw) of 6.0 dS m-1. A factorial-randomized block design was adopted with nine cultivars, two treatments of ECw (0.6 as the control, and 6.0 dS m-1), and four replicates. Plants were evaluated for growth, gas exchange, and photosynthesis. The data were statistically analyzed using univariate and multivariate methods. For the latter, non-hierarchical (principal component, PC) and hierarchical (UPGMA) models were used for the classification of cultivars. Significant differences were found between cultivars based on univariate analyses, and the traits that differed statistically were used for multivariate analyses. Four groups were identified with the same composition in both the PC and UPGMA methods. Among them, one contained the cultivars BRS Seridó, BRS 286, FMT 705, and BRS Rubi, which were tolerant to salt stress imposed on the plants. Photosynthesis, transpiration, and stomatal conductance data were the main contributors to the classification of cultivars using the principal component method.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n4p266-273

Solução Exata e Estabilização Exponencial para a Equação de Allen-Cahn
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ALMEIDA JÚNIOR, D. S.

; RAMOS, A. J. A.

; RIBEIRO, L. M.

; TEIXEIRA, E. D. P.

Trends in Computational and Applied Mathematics

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dec 2021, Volume 22 N. 4 Pages 559 - 573

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Neste trabalho estudamos algumas propriedades qualitativas da equação de Allen-Cahn. Esta equação tem sido amplamente estudada em diversas áreas da ciência e principalmente na evolução de microestruturas durante o processo de solidificação de um metal puro ou liga metálica. Os principais resultados obtidos são: a solução exata, a energia de Ginzburg-Landau e a propriedade de decaimento exponencial da energia total do modelo. A solução exata do problema foi obtida pelo método da separação de variáveis, graças a uma escolha adequada do coeficiente de reação. Em relação a estabilização exponencial da energia total das soluções, usamos técnicas multiplicativas para estabelecer a lei de dissipação da energia e, em seguida, usamos algumas desigualdades clássicas da análise matemática para construir a estimativa de decaimento exponencial.

ABSTRACT In this work we study some qualitative properties of the Allen-Cahn equation. This equation has been studied widely in several areas of science and mainly in the evolution of micro-structures during the solidification process of a pure metal or metallic alloy. The main results achieved are: the exact solution, the energy of Ginzburg-Landau and the exponential decay property of the total energy of the model. The exact solution of the problem was built from variables separation method thanks to a particular choice of the coefficient of reaction. In respect to the exponential stabilization of the total energy of solutions, we use the multiplicative techniques in order to establish the energy dissipation law and in the following we use classical inequalities of the mathematical analysis to build the estimate of exponential decay.

https://doi.org/10.5540/tcam.2021.022.04.00559 23 downloads

Modeling, equilibrium and kinetics of CO2 adsorption in LTA zeolite obtained from clay
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Ramos, V. H. S.

; Vedoy, D. R. L.

; Araújo, P. C. C. de

; Marques, J. J.

; Quintela, P. H. L

; Jesus, E.

Cerâmica

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dec 2021, Volume 67 N. 384 Pages 434 - 444

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This paper discussed the synthesis of LTA zeolite from Pinheiro clay (PIN) aiming for adsorption of CO2. To obtain the LTA-PIN zeolite, the PIN was submitted to acid treatment, followed by calcination and hydrothermal treatment. These treatments promoted the reorganization of the crystalline structure of the PIN, leading to the LTA-PIN zeolite with 95.79% purity confirmed by XRD, SEM, XRF, and FTIR results. The performance of the LTA-PIN zeolite was similar to the one of the standard LTA zeolite. The CO2 adsorption by the zeolites could be properly described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm models, suggesting that physisorption was the main mechanism responsible for the deposition of CO2 at the surface of the zeolites. According to regeneration results, LTA-PIN zeolite can be reused five times without significant loss of CO2 adsorption capacity, contrary to the 12% reduction in CO2 adsorption capacity presented by the LTA-standard zeolite.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132021673843129 1 downloads

10.

Synthesis of silicon quantum dots using chitosan as a novel reductor agent
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Hernández-Abril, P. A.

; Iriqui-Razcón, J. L.

; León-Sarabia, E.

; Leal-Soto, S. D.

; Álvarez-Ramos, M. E.

; Berman-Mendoza, D.

; Higuera-Valenzuela, H. J.

Revista mexicana de física

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apr 2021, Volume 67 N. 2 Pages 249 - 254

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract In the present paper we report a novel synthesis method of silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) using 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as silicon precursor and low molecular weight chitosan (CS) as reducing agent. The obtained SiQDs have a hydrodynamic diameter of 2.3 nm, water dispersible, presents blue emission band at 434.5 nm (2.85 eV) with a Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage 1931 (CIE1931) chromaticity coordinates (x = 0.1665, y = 0.1222), the experimental absorbance of the SiQDS was measured and the band gap (Eg) was estimated through PerkinElmer’s method, for which the obtained value was 3.1 eV and a positive ζ-potential of + 35 mV, resulting in photonics, microelectronics, and biotechnological potential applications.

https://doi.org/10.31349/revmexfis.67.249 20 downloads

11.

Extractos vegetales para el control de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in vitro, en periodo de floración y poscosecha del fruto de Carica papaya.
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García-Mateos, M. R.

; Acosta-Ramos, M.

; Rodríguez-Pérez, E.

; Vásquez-Sánchez, J.

; Hernández-Ramos, L.

Polibotánica

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2021, N. 51 Pages 213 - 228

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: The objective was to evaluate the activity of the extracts of six species for control in vitro on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and on papaya fruit (Carica papaya) during blooming period and postharvest stage. Evaluated variables were inhibition percentage and biological effectiveness for in vitro evaluation; incidence and biological effectiveness for field crop flowering stage evaluation and severity and effectiveness for postharvest fruits. Species’ extracts phytochemical analysis identified the presence of flavonoids in S. rostratum, and E. arvense; alkaloids in D. stramonium, M. parviflora, and A. ochroleuca; and terpenoids in P. icosandra. P. icosandra methanolic extract shown greater in vitro biological effectiveness against C. gloeosporioides fungus from remaining species, it was the only one evaluated during blooming period and postharvest stage, and was observed in blooming stage with a 60-70% effectiveness, where the flowers showed necrosis and rot (typical symptoms of the disease) and 71.4% in the control of anthracnose in postharvest fruits.

Resumen: El objetivo fue evaluar la actividad de los extractos orgánicos de seis especies vegetales para el control de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in vitro, en periodo de floración y poscosecha en el fruto de papaya (Carica papayaL.). Las variables evaluadas fueron efectividad biológica para la evaluación in vitro, para controlar la enfermedad en flores y frutos en poscosecha. El análisis fitoquímico de los extractos de las especies permitió identificar por Cromatografía en Capa fina la presencia de flavonoides Solanum rostratum y Equisetum arvense; alcaloides en Datura stramonium, Malva parviflora y en Argemone ochroleuca y terpenoides en Phytolacca icosandra. El extracto metanólico de P. icosandra mostró la mayor efectividad biológica in vitro contra el hongo C. gloeosporioides en comparación con las especies restantes. Por lo tanto, fue el único que se evalúo durante el periodo de floración y en poscosecha. La efectividad del extracto metanólico en la etapa de floración fue 60-70%, donde las flores mostraron necrosis y pudrición (síntomas típicos de la enfermedad) y 71.4% en el control de antracnosis en los frutos poscosecha.

https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.51.14 736 downloads

12.

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 in a Tertiary Care Center in Mexico City: A Prospective Cohort Study
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Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar

; Villanueva-Reza, Marco

; González-Lara, María F.

; Tamez-Torres, Karla M.

; Román-Montes, Carla M.

; Díaz-Mejía, Bruno A.

; Pérez-García, Esteban

; Olivas-Martínez, Antonio

; Rajme-López, Sandra

; Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo A.

; León-Cividanes, Nereyda A. de

; Fernández-García, Oscar A.

; Guerrero-Torres, Lorena

; Torres-González, Lorena

; Carrera-Patiño, Fabián A.

; Corral-Herrera, Ever A.

; Hernández-Alemón, Aldo N.

; Tovar-Vargas, Maria de los Ángeles

; Serrano-Pinto, Yamile G.

; Espejo-Ortiz, Cristian E.

; Morales-Ortega, María de la L.

; Lozano-Cruz, Óscar A.

; Cárdenas-Fragoso, José L.

; Vidal-Mayo, José de J.

; Hernández-Gilsoul, Thierry

; Rivero-Sigarroa, Eduardo

; Domínguez-Cherit, Guillermo

; Cervantes-Villar, Luz E.

; Ramos-Cervantes, Maria del P.

; Ibarra-González, Violeta

; Calva-Mercado, Juan J.

; Sierra-Madero, Juan G.

; López-Íñiguez, Álvaro

; Ochoa-Hein, Eric

; Crabtree-Ramírez, Brenda E.

; Galindo-Fraga, Arturo

; Guerrero-Almeida, María de L.

; Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.

; Gulías-Herrero, Alfonso

; Sifuentes-Osornio, José

; Kershenobich-Stalnikowitz, David

; Ponce-de-León, Alfredo

Revista de investigación clínica

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jun 2020, Volume 72 N. 3 Pages 165 - 177

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Regional information regarding the characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is needed for a better understanding of the pandemic. Objective: The objective of the study to describe the clinical features of COVID-19 patients diagnosed in a tertiary-care center in Mexico City and to assess differences according to the treatment setting (ambulatory vs. hospital) and to the need of intensive care (IC). Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort, including consecutive patients with COVID-19 from February 26, 2020 to April 11, 2020. Results: We identified 309 patients (140 inpatients and 169 outpatients). The median age was 43 years (interquartile range, 33-54), 59.2% men, and 18.6% healthcare workers (12.3% from our center). The median body mass index (BMI) was 29.00 kg/m2 and 39.6% had obesity. Compared to outpatients, inpatients were older, had comorbidities, cough, and dyspnea more frequently. Twenty-nine (20.7%) inpatients required treatment in the IC unit (ICU). History of diabetes (type 1 or 2) and abdominal pain were more common in ICU patients compared to non-ICU patients. ICU patients had higher BMIs, higher respiratory rates, and lower room-air capillary oxygen saturations. ICU patients showed a more severe inflammatory response as assessed by white blood cell count, neutrophil and platelet count, C-reactive protein, ferritin, procalcitonin, and albumin levels. By the end of the study period, 65 inpatients had been discharged because of improvement, 70 continued hospitalized, and five had died. Conclusions: Patients with comorbidities, either middle-age obese or elderly complaining of fever, cough, or dyspnea, were more likely to be admitted. At admission, patients with diabetes, high BMI, and clinical or laboratory findings consistent with a severe inflammatory state were more likely to require IC.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ric.20000211 533 downloads

13.

Freshwater fish richness baseline from the São Francisco Interbasin Water Transfer Project in the Brazilian Semiarid
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Silva, Márcio J.

; Ramos, Telton P. A.

; Carvalho, Fernando R.

; Brito, Marcelo F. G.

; Ramos, Robson T. C.

; Rosa, Ricardo S.

; Sánchez-Botero, Jorge I.

; Novaes, José L. C.

; Costa, Rodrigo S.

; Lima, Sergio M. Q.

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2020, Volume 18 N. 4 elocation e200063

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Dentre as ecorregiões dulcícolas neotropicais, a Nordeste Médio-Oriental (MNCE) é uma lacuna de conhecimento sobre peixes. Suas drenagens temporárias são receptoras do projeto de transposição do São Francisco (SFR-IWT) no semiárido brasileiro. Fornecemos uma linha de base abrangente da riqueza de peixes das cinco bacias do SFR-IWT. Riqueza de espécies, espécies compartilhadas, endêmicas, ameaçadas e não-nativas foram obtidas através de amostragem, coleções ictiológicas, literatura e repositórios online (306 localidades). No total, foram registradas 121 espécies, 111 nativas e 16 (14,41%) listadas para todas as bacias. A maior riqueza de espécies nativas (78, 70,27%) foi registrada no trecho sub-médio do São Francisco (SFRE), incluindo 23 endêmicas e 61 (54,95%) nas bacias da MNCE (13 endêmicas), e 28 (25,23 %) compartilhadas entre ambas ecorregiões. Na MNCE, foram registradas 50 espécies na Jaguaribe (JAG), 39 na Piranhas-Açu, 36 na Paraíba do Norte e 32 na Apodi-Mossoró (APO). O número de espécies compartilhadas entre SFRE e cada bacia receptora variou de 24 (23,08%, JAG) a 20 (22,22%, APO). JAG contém 81,97% das espécies das bacias receptoras. Sua maior riqueza e endemismo merecem atenção especial em relação às mudanças hidrológicas em curso. Este estudo ajudará a detectar possíveis modificações na ictiofauna das principais drenagens da MNCE.

Abstract Among Neotropical freshwater ecoregions, the Mid-Northeastern Caatinga (MNCE) is a fish knowledge gap. Its temporary drainages are receptors of the São Francisco interbasin water transfer project (SFR-IWT) in the Brazilian semiarid. We provide a comprehensive baseline of fish richness of the five SFR-IWT basins. Species richness, shared, endemic, threatened and non-native species were obtained using sampling, ichthyologic collections, literature and online repositories (306 localities). In total 121, species were recorded, 111 of them native, and 16 (14.41%) listed for all basins. Higher richness of native species (78, 70.27%) was recorded in the São Francisco lower-middle stretch (SFRE), including 23 endemic, 61 (54.95%) in MNCE basins (13 endemic), and 28 (25.23%) shared between both ecoregions. In the MNCE, 50 species were recorded in Jaguaribe (JAG), 39 in Piranhas-Açu, 36 in Paraíba do Norte, and 32 in Apodi-Mossoró (APO). The number of species shared between the SFRE and each receptor basin varied from 24 (23.08%, JAG) to 20 (22.22%, APO). JAG contains 81.97% of the receptor basins’ species. Its higher richness and endemism deserve special attention regarding the ongoing hydrological changes. This study will help detect possible modifications in the ichthyofauna of the main MNCE drainages.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0063 1387 downloads

14.

Comparison of RF and Pulsed Magnetron Sputtering for the Deposition of AZO Thin Films on PET
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Oliveira, L. P. G.

; Ramos, R.

; Rabelo, W. H.

; Rangel, E. C.

; Durrant, Steven F.

; Bortoleto, J. R. R.

Materials Research

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2020, Volume 23 N. 3 elocation e20190643

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

AZO thin films (around 200 nm thick) were grown on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) at room temperature. The plasma was activated using a 13.56 MHz (RF) or a 15 kHz pulsed (PMS) source at a power of 60 W. Optical reflection and transmittance were measured using a UV-Vis-NIR spectrometer over the wavelengths from 190 nm to 2500 nm. All samples show average transmittances greater than 83% in the visible region. The electrical resistivity was measured by the linear four-point probe method to be around 0.001 Ωcm for 200 nm-thick AZO films grown by PMS. XRD results indicated that the films had a hexagonal wurtzite structure and were preferentially oriented in the (002) plane. The surface morphology of the AZO thin films was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM); film chemical composition was studied using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). For this, an EDS coupled to the Scanning Electron Microscope was used. Only for films grown by PMS were no cracks observed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2019-0643 680 downloads

15.

Comportamento magnético de materiais por meio da mecânica estatística
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Holanda, L. M.

; Ramos, I. R. O.

; Lima, A. P.

; Braga, J. P. M.

; Souza, H. T. C. M.

Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física

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2020, Volume 42 elocation e20190196

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Um problema importante no estudo de materiais magnéticos é saber como esses sistemas se comportam na presença de um campo magnético externo. A resposta para esse problema está na susceptibilidade magnética. Neste trabalho realizamos uma abordagem estatística das propriedades magnéticas dos materiais levando em consideração suas interações microscópicas. Nosso intuito é apresentar de maneira didática e acessível para um estudante de graduação as origens do fenômeno magnético e suas fases termodinâmicas, paramagnética, ferromagnética e antiferromagnética, calculando suas susceptibilidades e analisando seu comportamento em função da temperatura.

Abstract An important problem in studying magnetic materials is to know how these systems behave in the presence of an external magnetic field. The answer to that problem is in the magnetic susceptibility. In this work, we performed a statistical approach of the magnetic properties of materials that take into account their microscopic interactions. Our intent is to present in a didactic and accessible way to an undergraduate student the origins of the magnetic phenomenon and its thermodynamic, paramagnetic, ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases, calculating its susceptibilities and analyzing its behavior as a function of temperature.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9126-rbef-2019-0196 5073 downloads

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