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1.
Net Promoter Score (NPS) as a tool to assess parental satisfaction in pediatric intensive care units
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Bitencourt, Victoria Noremberg
; Crestani, Francielly
; Peuckert, Marina Zanette
; Andrades, Gabriela Rupp Hanzen
; Krauzer, João Ronaldo Mafalda
; Cintra, Cíntia de Cassia
; Cunha, Mariana Lucas da Rocha
; Eckert, Guilherme Unchalo
; Girardi, Leandra
; Santos, Iná S.
; Garcia, Pedro Celiny Ramos
.
Abstract Objective To verify the performance of the Net Promoter Score (NPS) as a tool to assess parental satisfaction in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Methods The authors conducted an observational cross-sectional multicenter study in the PICUs of 5 hospitals in Brazil. Eligible participants were all parents or legal guardians of PICU-admitted children, aged 18 years or over. The NPS was administered together with the EMpowerment of PArents in THe Intensive Care (EMPATHIC-30), used as the gold standard, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. For analysis, the results were dichotomized into values greater than or equal to the median of the tests. The associations between the 2 tools were evaluated and the distribution of their results was compared. Results The parents or legal guardians of 78 PICU-admitted children were interviewed. Of the respondents, 85% were women and 62% were in a private hospital. The median NPS was 10 (IQR, 10-10), and the median EMPATHIC-30 score was 5.7 (IQR, 5.4-5.9). Compared with the gold standard, the NPS had a sensitivity of 100% at all cutoff points, except at cutoff 10, where the sensitivity was slightly lower (97.5%). As for specificity, NPS performance was poorer, with values ranging from 0% (NPS ≥ 5) to 47.4% (NPS = 10). Conclusions NPS proved to be a sensitive tool to assess parental satisfaction, but with poor ability to identify dissatisfied users in the sample.
2.
Phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of extract from leaves and bark of Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville
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Cruz, Jhonatas Emílio Ribeiro da
; Costa, João Lucas Gomes
; Teixeira, Terezinha Aparecida
; Oliveira e Freitas, Guilherme Ramos
; Gomes, Marcos de Souza
; Morais, Enyara Rezende
.
RESUMO Atualmente é crescente o interesse pela investigação de compostos bioativos de fontes naturais. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo investigou o conteúdo fenólico, capacidade antioxidante e atividade antimicrobiana do extrato hidroalcoólico (EHA) das cascas do caule e folhas de Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville. Partes da planta foram extraídas com etanol: água (1:1) e filtradas a vácuo para obtenção do extrato bruto. O conteúdo fenólico foi determinado pelo método de Folin-Ciocalteu. A atividade antioxidante foi medida pelo teste DPPH. A atividade antimicrobiana dos extratos foi avaliada contra cocos Gram-positivos: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) e Staphylococcus epidermidis (cepa isolada de paciente); bacilos Gram-negativos: Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) e Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). A zona de inibição e concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) dos extratos vegetais foram avaliadas pelo método de disco difusão em ágar e microdiluição em caldo, respectivamente. O conteúdo fenólico total dos EHAs foi maior nas cascas do caule (970,4 mg GAE/g) do que nas folhas (693,8 mg GAE/g). No ensaio DPPH, todos os extratos apresentaram alta atividade antioxidante, acima de 75% na concentração de 100 μg/mL. Sobre a atividade antimicrobiana, todos os EHAs apresentaram efeitos contra bactérias Gram-positivas S. aureus e S. epidermidis, cuja CIM variou de 7,81 μg/mL a 62,5 μg/mL. Essa descoberta é importante, uma vez que esses patógenos geralmente são resistentes a uma variedade de antibióticos amplamente conhecidos. Portanto, esses resultados são promissores e indicam o uso de S. adstringens (Mart.) Coville (Barbatimão) como antioxidante natural em alimentos, medicamentos e também apontam para seu uso na terapia antimicrobiana.
ABSTRACT There is currently growing interest in the investigation of bioactive compounds from natural sources. In this context, this study investigated the phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and antimicrobial activity of the hydroalcoholic extract (EHA) of the stem barks and leaves of Stryphnodendron adstringens. Plant parts were extracted with ethanol:water (1:1) and filtered in a vacuum to obtain the crude extract. Phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH test. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was evaluated against Gram-positive cocci: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (strain isolated from a patient); and Gram-negative bacilli: Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). The zone of inhibition and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the plant extracts were evaluated by the agar diffusion disc method and broth microdilution, respectively. Total phenolic content of the EHAs was higher in stem barks (970.4 mg GAE/g) than in leaves (693.8 mg GAE/g). In the DPPH assay, all extracts showed high antioxidant activity, above 75% at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. About antimicrobial activity, all the EHAs showed effects against Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus andS. epidermidis, whose MIC ranged from 7.81 μg/mL to 62.5 μg/mL. This finding is important since these pathogens are generally resistant to a variety of widely known antibiotics. Therefore, these results are promising and indicate the use of S. adstringens (Mart.) Coville as a natural antioxidant in foods, medicines and also point to its use in antimicrobial therapy.
3.
Effect of combining Zingiber officinale and Juglans regia extracts on Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis: antibiofilm action and low toxicity
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SILVA, LEONARDO A. DA
; RAMOS, LUCAS P.
; SILVA, TATIANE A.
; LAPENA, SIMONE A.B. DE
; SANTOS, CARLOS EDUARDO R.
; HASNA, AMJAD A.
; BRESSANE, ADRIANO
; OLIVEIRA, LUCIANE D. DE
.
Abstract Objective was evaluated the therapeutic effect of Juglans regia (J) and Zingiber officinale (Z) extracts, alone or associated (Z75% + J25%, Z50% + J50% and Z25% + J75%) applied on planktonic cultures and biofilms of Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as analyzing the cytotoxic effects of plant extracts on mouse macrophages (Raw 264-7). Broth microdilution assay was performed (M7-A6 - CLSI). Anti-biofilm activities and cytotoxicity on Raw 264-7 were studied using MTT assay and scanning electron microscopy. ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey HSD applied for parametric data and Kruskal-Wallis with Conover-Iman test, for non-parametric (p<0.05). On P. acnes biofilm, Z50% + J50% reduced 46.9% in 5 min and Z25% + J75% reduced 74.1% in 24hs. On S. aureus, Z75% + J25% reduced 23.1% in 5 min Z25% +J75% reduced 79.4% in 24hs. On S. epidermidis, Z75% + J25% reduced 74.6% in 5 min and 82.05% in 24 h. The treatments on macrophages for 24 h promoted a maximum reduction by 14,5% for groups of extracts associations. On multispecies biofilm, Z75%+J25% reduced 84.3% in 24 h. In conclusion association of glycolic extracts provided therapeutic effect, demonstrated antimicrobial activity and low cytotoxicity.
4.
Diagnostic performance between histopathological and molecular methods in the detection of Helicobacter pylori
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Silva, Lucas Luiz L.
; Calassa, Igor M. C.
; Oliveira, Ana Karoline S.
; Ramos, Amanda F. P. L.
; Pontes, Jaqueline C.
; Cardoso, Daniela M. M.
; Rasmussem, Lucas T.
; Carneiro, Lilian Carla
; Barbosa, Monica S.
.
Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial
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RESUMO Introdução: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) é uma bactéria Gram negativa considerada o agente etiológico de várias doenças gástricas. A prevalência da infecção bacteriana varia de acordo com idade, localização geográfica, etnia e status socioeconômico. A infecção crônica ocasionada por esse microrganismo pode favorecer o desenvolvimento de patologias severas, como o adenocarcinoma gástrico. Nesse sentido, o diagnóstico precoce é essencial para um melhor prognóstico e o sucesso terapêutico. Vários métodos de diagnóstico realizados com técnicas invasivas e não invasivas, com diferentes sensibilidade e especificidade, têm sido utilizados na detecção de H. pylori. Objetivo: Comparar o desempenho das técnicas molecular e histopatológica utilizadas no diagnóstico da infecção por H. pylori. Métodos: Setenta e seis amostras de tecido gástrico foram coletadas de pacientes dispépticos e submetidas ao diagnóstico molecular e histopatológico. A detecção molecular foi realizada utilizando o gene ribossomal (rRNA 16S) por meio da técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Resultados: O método molecular de diagnóstico com base na PCR detectou a bactéria em 63,1% das amostras, enquanto o teste histopatológico identificou o microrganismo em apenas 38,1% das biópsias gástricas. Os dados demonstram que a técnica de PCR apresentou cerca de 1,6 vezes mais sensibilidade que a técnica histopatológica. Conclusão: A técnica de PCR foi o método de diagnóstico mais eficiente para detecção de H. pylori e pode ser implementada na rotina laboratorial como teste complementar para detecção precoce de H. pylori.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram negative bacterium considered to be the etiologic agent of various gastric diseases. The prevalence of bacterial infection varies according to age, geographic location, ethnicity and socioeconomic status. The chronic infection caused by microorganism can favor the development of severe pathologies such as gastric adenocarcinoma. In this sense, early diagnosis is essential for a better prognosis and therapeutic success. Several diagnostic methods performed using invasive and non-invasive techniques, with different sensitivity and specificity, have been used in the detection of H. pylori. Objective: To compare the performance of the molecular and histopathological technique used in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Methods: 76 gastric tissue samples were collected from dyspeptic patients who underwent molecular and histopathological diagnosis. Molecular detection was performed using the ribosomal gene (16S rRNA) using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Results: The PCR-based molecular diagnostic method detected the bacterium in 63.1% of the samples, while the histopathological test identified the microorganism in only 38.1% of gastric biopsies. The data demonstrated that the PCR technique was about 1.6 times more sensitive than the histopathological technique. Conclusion: The PCR technique was the most efficient diagnostic method for detecting H. pylori and can be implemented in the laboratory routine as a complementary test for the early detection of H. pylori.
RESUMEN Introducción: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) es una bacteria Gram negativa considerada agente etiológico de diversas enfermedades gástricas. La prevalencia de la infección bacteriana varía según la edad, la ubicación geográfica, la etnia y el nivel socioeconómico. La infección crónica provocada por esos microorganismos puede favorecer el desarrollo de patologías graves como el adenocarcinoma gástrico. Por esa razón, el diagnóstico precoz es fundamental para un mejor pronóstico y éxito terapéutico. En la detección de H. pylori se han utilizado varios métodos de diagnóstico realizados mediante técnicas invasivas y no invasivas, con diferentes sensibilidad y especificidad. Objetivo: Comparar el desempeño de las técnicas moleculares e histopatológicas utilizadas en el diagnóstico de la infección por H. pylori. Métodos: Se recolectaron 76 muestras de tejido gástrico de pacientes dispépticos y se las sometieron a diagnóstico molecular e histopatológico. La detección molecular se realizó mediante el gen ribosómico (ARNr 16S) mediante la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). Resultados: El método molecular de diagnóstico basado en PCR detectó la bacteria en el 63,1% de las muestras, mientras que la prueba histopatológica identificó el microorganismo en solo el 38,1% de las biopsias gástricas. Los datos demostraron que la técnica de PCR era aproximadamente 1,6 veces más sensible que la técnica histopatológica. Conclusión: La técnica de PCR fue el método diagnóstico más eficaz para la detección de H. pylori y puede implementarse en la rutina del laboratorio como prueba complementaria para la detección precoz de H. pylori.
https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20210037
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5.
Atualização das Diretrizes Brasileiras de Valvopatias – 2020
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Tarasoutchi, Flavio
; Montera, Marcelo Westerlund
; Ramos, Auristela Isabel de Oliveira
; Sampaio, Roney Orismar
; Rosa, Vitor Emer Egypto
; Accorsi, Tarso Augusto Duenhas
; Santis, Antonio de
; Fernandes, João Ricardo Cordeiro
; Pires, Lucas José Tachotti
; Spina, Guilherme S.
; Vieira, Marcelo Luiz Campos
; Lavitola, Paulo de Lara
; Ávila, Walkiria Samuel
; Paixão, Milena Ribeiro
; Bignoto, Tiago
; Togna, Dorival Júlio Della
; Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco
; Esteves, William Antônio de Magalhães
; Atik, Fernando
; Colafranceschi, Alexandre Siciliano
; Moises, Valdir Ambrósio
; Kiyose, Alberto Takeshi
; Pomerantzeff, Pablo M. A.
; Lemos, Pedro A.
; Brito Junior, Fabio Sandoli de
; Weksler, Clara
; Brandão, Carlos Manuel de Almeida
; Poffo, Robinson
; Simões, Ricardo
; Rassi, Salvador
; Leães, Paulo Ernesto
; Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo
; Pena, José Luiz Barros
; Jatene, Fabio Biscegli
; Barbosa, Márcia de Melo
; Abizaid, Alexandre
; Ribeiro, Henrique Barbosa
; Bacal, Fernando
; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo
; Fonseca, José Honório de Almeida Palma da
; Ghorayeb, Samira Kaissar Nasr
; Lopes, Marcelo Antonio Cartaxo Queiroga
; Spina, Salvador Vicente
; Pignatelli, Ricardo H.
; Saraiva, José Francisco Kerr
.
https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20201047
17824 downloads
6.
Biomechanical Test after Hip Cannulated Screw Removal (in vitro Analysis)
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Freitas, Anderson
; Ramos, Lucas S.
; Dantas, Érgon LAB
; Giordano Neto, Vincenzo
; Godinho, Patrick F.
; Shimano, Antônio C.
.
Resumo Objetivo Avaliar, pormeio de ensaio biomecânico, a resistência e a energia necessária para ocorrência de fratura do fêmur proximal em osso sintético após retirada de parafusos canulados em forma de triângulo invertido e comparar os resultados obtidos com técnica de reforço utilizando polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA). Métodos Foramutilizados 20 ossos sintéticos: 10 unidades para o grupo controle; 5 o grupo teste sem reforço, sem preenchimento após a retirada dos parafusos canulados, e 5 o para grupo teste com reforço com PMMA. A análise biomecânica foi realizada simulando queda sobre o grande trocânter utilizando máquina servo-hidráulica. Resultados Todos os corpos de prova dos grupos controle e sem cimento apresentaram fratura baso-cervical. No grupo teste com preechimento, três corpos de prova apresentaram fratura baso-cervical, enquanto que dois deles apresentaram fratura na parte próxima ao ponto de fixação no dispositivo (região diafisária do fêmur), sendo um deles associado a fratura do colo femoral. Foi utilizada uma média de 8.2 ml de polimetilmetacrilato no preenchimento dos três pertuitos do grupo com preenchimento. Segundo a análise de variância (ANOVA, na sigla em inglês) para um fator e o teste de comparações múltiplas de Tukey, ao nível de 5%, o grupo com cimento apresentou diferença significativa em relação aos outros grupos em todos os parâmetros. Conclusão A simples retirada dos parafusos canulados não apresentou redução significativa da carga máxima e da energia necessárias para a ocorrência de fratura; porém, o reforço do fêmur proximal com polimetilmetacrilato aumentou significativamente esses parâmetros, causando mudanças no padrão fraturário.
Abstract Objective This study aims to evaluate, through biomechanical tests, the resistance and energy required for proximal femoral fracture in synthetic bones after removing cannulated screws shaped as an inverted triangle, comparing the obtained results to those of a reinforcement technique with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as bone cement. Methods Twenty synthetic bones were used: 10 units for the control group (CG), 5 units for the test group without reinforcement (TGW/O), and 5 units for the test group using a reinforcement technique with PMMA (TGW). The biomechanical analysis simulated a fall on the large trochanter using a servo-hydraulic machine. Results All TGW/O and CG specimens had a basicervical fracture. Three TGW specimens presented a basicervical fracture, and two suffered a fracture near the fixation point of the device (femoral diaphyseal region), with one of thembeing associated with a femoral neck fracture. A mean PMMA volume of 8.2 mL was used to fill the 3 screw holes in the TGWgroup. According to the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey multiple comparisons tests at a 5% level, the TGW presented a statistically significant difference when compared with the other groups in all parameters: maximal load (p = 0.001) and energy until fracture (p = 0.0001). Conclusion The simple removal of the cannulated screws did not reduce significantly the maximum load and energy for fracture occurrence, but the proximal femoral reinforcement with PMMA significantly increased these parameters, modifying the fracture pattern.
https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1693046
992 downloads
7.
INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF DIENAMIDES ON CABBAGE CATERPILLAR AND BENEFICIAL INSECTS
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Lopes, Mayara Cristina
; Alvarenga, Elson Santiago
; Aguiar, Alex Ramos
; Santos, Izailda Barbosa dos
; Silva, Gerson Adriano
; Arcanjo, Lucas de Paula
; Picanço, Marcelo Coutinho
.
The demand for new insecticides is increasing due to the appearance of insect populations that are resistant to currently used products. New insecticides should be efficient in controlling pests and present low toxicity to non-target organisms. Ascia monuste (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) is a destructive pest of cole vegetables, and the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is an important predator of these caterpillars in brassica crops. Tetragonisca angustula (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is very important in pollinating many plants and providing honey. Therefore, this study evaluated the toxicity of synthetic amides to A. monuste and its selectivity in favor of S. saevissima and T. angustula. The amides (2E,4E)-N-propylhexa-2,4-dienamide (3) and (2E, 4E)-N-butylhexa-2,4-dienamide (4) caused high (96 and 93%, respectively) and fast (48 h) mortality of A. monuste. The amides 3 and 4 were not harmful to the predator (mortality of 5.7% for amide 3 and 7.14% for amide 4) and were slightly harmful to the pollinator (mortality of 38.57% for amide 3 and 28.12% for amide 4). The amides 3 and 4 are promising, as insecticides, due to the high and rapid mortality of A. monuste with low and moderate toxicity to S. saevissima and T. angustula, respectively.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170192
814 downloads
8.
Buenas prácticas de manufactura y microorganismos indicadores en sándwiches de verdura expendidos en el mercado central de abasto de Asunción, Paraguay (2014)
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Ramos-Ruiz Díaz, Pasionaria R
; García-Cespedes, Lorena M
; García-Reyes, Ximena M
; González-Albavi, Lucas K
; Sarquis, Lisa
; Canese-Krivoshein, Jorge H
.
Memorias del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud
- Journal Metrics
ABSTRACT The objective of this cross-sectional descriptive study was to evaluate the presence of indicator microorganismsand to describe the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) in places producing vegetable sandwiches of the Central Supply Market of Asunción (MCAAfor its name in SpanishMercado Central de Abasto de Asunción)in 2014. Vegetable sandwiches were chosen for being of high risk, as they use raw materials and mayonnaise, they do not undergo heat treatment and are of massive consumption.For GMP, a checklist was prepared according to FAO / WHO. Twenty samples in 10 shops (2 samples per shop) were studied for Mesophilic Aerobic Count, total coliform counts, E. coli and S. aureus. Ninety percent of the 10 stores had adequate cleaning. Hundred percent claimed to wash the raw material (vegetables) before being used, 90% used tap water and 10% washed them with reused water. Seventy percent of the cooks washed their hands before preparing the sandwiches and 90% afterwards. Eighty percent of the stores used commercial mayonnaise and 30% keepthem at room temperature throughout the day. Twenty percent of the stores offered unsold sandwiches the next day.Of the 20 samples, 19 (95%) were considered microbiologically as "Not Apt" for consumption, 70% due to high Counting of Mesophilic Aerobes, 85% coliforms, 30% E. coli and 75% S. aureus. These products can be considered as a risk for human consumption.
RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio descriptivo y transversal fue describir la presencia de microorganismos indicadores y las BPM en los locales que producen sándwiches de verdura en el Mercado Central de Abasto de Asunción (MCAA) en el 2014. Se eligieron sándwiches de verduras debido a la materia prima cruda y mayonesa, a que no sufren tratamiento térmico y son de consumo masivo. Se elaboró una lista de verificación para las BPM según la FAO/OMS. Se estudiaron 20 muestras en 10 locales(2/local) para Recuento de Aerobios Mesófilos (RAM), coliformes totales, E. coli y S. aureus. El límite microbiológico fue dado por la Norma Sanitaria del Ministerio de Salud de Perú y la técnica utilizada fue el Recuento en Placa, utilizando placas de 3M PETRIFILM.El 90% de los 10 localestenía limpieza adecuada,todos refirieron lavadode las verduras previa utilización, para lo cual usaban agua de canilla (90%)o agua reutilizada (10%). El 70% de los manipuladores refirió lavadode manos previa manipulación y 90% después.El 80% de los locales refirió utilizar mayonesa comercial y el 30% la mantenía a temperatura ambiente durante todo el día.El 20% de los locales ofrecíaal día siguiente los sándwiches no vendidos. El 95% (19 de 20)de las muestras se considera microbiológicamente como “No Aptas” para el consumo, el 70% presentó recuentos mayores para RAM, 85% para coliformes, 30% para E. coli y 75% para S. aureus. Estos productos pueden ser considerados de riesgo para el consumo humano.
9.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
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; Firens, Marcela
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; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
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; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
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; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
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; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
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; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
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; Jacques, Eliane L.
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; Kamer, Hiltje M.
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.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
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10.
Recognition of enteroinvasive Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri by dendritic cells: distinct dendritic cell activation states
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Moreno, Ana Carolina Ramos
; Ferreira, Karen Spadari
; Ferreira, Lucas Gonçalves
; Almeida, Sandro Rogério de
; Martinez, Marina Baquerizo
.
The innate and adaptive immune responses of dendritic cells (DCs) to enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) infection were compared with DC responses to Shigella flexneri infection. EIEC triggered DCs to produce interleukin (IL)-10, IL-12 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, whereas S. flexneri induced only the production of TNF-α. Unlike S. flexneri, EIEC strongly increased the expression of toll like receptor (TLR)-4 and TLR-5 in DCs and diminished the expression of co-stimulatory molecules that may cooperate to inhibit CD4+ T-lymphocyte proliferation. The inflammation elicited by EIEC seems to be related to innate immunity both because of the aforementioned results and because only EIEC were able to stimulate DC transmigration across polarised Caco-2 cell monolayers, a mechanism likely to be associated with the secretion of CC chemokine ligands (CCL)20 and TNF-α. Understanding intestinal DC biology is critical to unravelling the infection strategies of EIEC and may aid in the design of treatments for infectious diseases.
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