ABSTRACT The article aims to highlight the the importance of the dimensions of decoloniality, plurality and ecumenicity for the process of deepening Latin American theology, in its liberating perspective, considering the development of the critical-liberating potential of religions and spiritualities of the Latin American continent. Using the method of qualitative analysis of the bibliography related to such themes, the study starts from a presentation of the categories of coloniality, plurality and ecumenicity, and then makes a descriptive and summary approach to religious diversity in Latin America and its relationship with sociocultural issues on the continente, with an analysis of the Latin American religious issue in the current context of globalization. Then, from a hermeneutic perspective, it explores the possibilities of a Latin American theology that is decolonial, pluralistic and ecumenical. The research concludes that decoloniality, plurality and ecumenicity are fundamental for the affirmation of the sociocultural and religious identity of Latin American peoples, re-signifying the contents of their faiths and beliefs and making their contextual specificities explicit. This empowers religions on the continent for actions that build social justice, the promotion of human life and the defense of creation and opens new challenges for Latin American theology.

RESUMO O artigo tem como objetivo realçar a importância das dimensões de decolonialidade, pluralidade e ecumenicidade para o processo de aprofundamento da teologia latino-americana, em sua perspectiva libertadora, tendo em vista o desenvolvimento do potencial crítico-libertador das religiões e das espiritualidades do continente latino-americano. Utilizando o método da análise qualitativa da bibliografia referente a tais temas, o estudo parte de uma apresentação das categorias decolonialidade, pluralidade e ecumenicidade, e faz, em seguida, uma abordagem descritiva e sumária da diversidade religiosa na América Latina e sua relação com questões socioculturais do continente, numa análise da questão religiosa latino-americana no contexto atual de globalização. Na sequência, numa perspectiva hermenêutica, explora aspectos da teologia latino-americana que impulsionam as dimensões decolonial, pluralista e ecumênica. A pesquisa conclui que as dimensões de decolonialidade, pluralidade e ecumenicidade são fundamentais para os processos de afirmação da identidade sociocultural e religiosa dos povos latino-americanos, ressignificando conteúdos de suas fés e suas crenças e explicitando suas especificidades contextuais. Isso potencializa as religiões no continente para ações construtoras da justiça social, a promoção da vida humana e a defesa da criação e abre novos desafios para a teologia latino-americana.

Abstract Timor-Leste is a country with a rich natural and cultural heritage, with great potential to develop tourism to support the country's economic development. The touristic infrastructures are deficient and the touristic attributes are deficient, so the number of visitors is relatively small. The question that arises is “How to overcome these limitations to the development of the tourism sector?”. This study sought to identify the motivations and expectations of visitors as well as their satisfaction with the Timor-Leste destination. For its implementation, primary data were collected through a questionnaire survey among visitors to Timor-Leste. The study concluded that most of the interviewees, visitors, came from Australia, followed by Portugal and that the purpose of the trip was mostly professional. The attributes constituted by the climate, tranquillity and hospitality were valued in a satisfactory or very satisfactory way by the visitors; in the group regarding direct usufruct, satisfaction and a lot of satisfaction were always superior to dissatisfaction, although with some warning signs in dissatisfaction; in prices charged, the degree of dissatisfaction was around 40%, and the quality of the infrastructures showed the greatest signs of dissatisfaction on the part of visitors. The proposals for improvement and recommendations were: not leaving litter on the beaches, improving sanitation, road conditions, tourist information and guides, accommodation and ecotourism conditions, public transport in Dili and in the Districts, entertainment, tourist attraction and traditional gastronomy.

Resumo Timor-Leste é um país com um rico património natural e cultural, com grande potencial para desenvolver o turismo para suportar o desenvolvimento económico do país. As infraestruturas turísticas são modestas e os atributos turísticos deficientes, pelo que o número de visitantes é relativamente pequeno. A questão que se coloca é “Como ultrapassar estas limitações ao desenvolvimento do setor do turismo”. Este estudo procurou identificar as motivações e expetativas dos visitantes assim como a sua satisfação com o destino Timor-Leste. Para a sua concretização, foram recolhidos dados primários através de inquérito por questionários junto de visitantes de Timor-Leste. O trabalho concluiu que a maioria dos entrevistados, visitantes, era proveniente d Austrália, logo seguida de Portuga e que a finalidade da viagem era maioritariamente profissional. Os atributos constituídos pelo clima, tranquilidade e hospitalidade foram valorizados de forma satisfatória ou muito satisfatória pelos visitantes; nos do grupo respeitante ao usufruto direto, a satisfação e a muita satisfação foram sempre superiores à insatisfação embora com alguns sinais de alerta na insatisfação, nos preços praticados, o grau de insatisfação rondou os 40%, e na qualidade das infraestruturas verificaram-se os maiores sinais de insatisfação por parte dos visitantes. As propostas de melhoria e recomendações foram: não deixar lixo nas praias, melhoria do saneamento, condições das estradas, informações e guias turísticos, condições de alojamento e de ecoturismo, transportes públicos em Díli e nos Distritos, animação, atração turística e gastronomia tradicional.

Resumo Em O sol se põe em São Paulo, a escrita promove um exercício de alteridade, possibilita o contato com o outro e a consciência de si. O narrador, que recebeu a incumbência de narrar uma história que não lhe pertence, passa a refletir sobre seu próprio passado e identidade. Através do exercício narrativo, sua fratura linguística e cultural se expande, visto que, percebe em si a ausência de identificação com o repertório cultural que faz parte de suas origens. A partir desse espaço, de onde relata a origem do outro, sua consciência de não pertencimento é reforçada, o que intensifica sua angústia existencial. O esfacelamento do vínculo com as origens faz com que se eleja a instabilidade, a fragmentação, a hibridização e o jogo entre o ser e o parecer, como elementos constituintes de sua identidade. Logo, o narrador percebe que sua representação identitária, assim como a de tantos outros, se realiza através da narrativa do indivíduo em trânsito, do ser movente, da identidade em construção. Paulo alteridade pertence narrativo expande espaço reforçada existencial instabilidade fragmentação parecer Logo identitária outros trânsito movente construção

Abstract In o Sol se põe em São Paulo, Carvalho’s writing promotes an exercise of alterity, enabling contact with the other and self-awareness. The narrator, who has been given the task of narrating a story that does not belong to him, starts to reflect on his own past and identity. Through the narrative exercise, his linguistic and cultural fracture expands, since he perceives in himself the lack of identification with the cultural repertoire that is part of his origins. From this space, from where he reports the origin of the other, his awareness of not belonging is reinforced, which intensifies his existential anguish. The breakdown of the bond with his origins leads to instability, fragmentation, hybridization, a game between being and seeming to be chosen as constituent elements of his identity. Therefore, the narrator realizes that his identity representation, as well as that of so many others, takes place through the narrative of the individual in transit, of the moving being, of the identity under construction. Paulo Carvalhos Carvalho s alterity selfawareness. selfawareness self awareness. self-awareness him expands space reinforced anguish instability fragmentation hybridization Therefore representation others transit construction

Résumé Dans o Sol se põe em São Paulo, l'écriture promeut un exercice d'altérité, permettant le contact avec l'autre et la conscience de soi. Le narrateur, chargé de raconter une histoire qui ne lui appartient pas, commence à réfléchir sur son passé et son identité. À travers l'exercice narratif, sa fracture linguistique et culturelle s'élargit, puisqu'il perçoit en lui-même le manque d'identification au répertoire culturel qui fait partie de ses origines. De cet espace, d'où il raconte l'origine de l'autre, sa conscience de non-appartenance se renforce, ce qui intensifie son angoisse existentielle. La rupture du lien avec les origines fait de l'instabilité, de la fragmentation, de l'hybridation, du jeu de l'être et du paraître éléments constitutifs de son identité. Dès lors, le narrateur prend conscience que sa représentation identitaire, ainsi que celle de tant d'autres, se réalise à travers le récit de l'individu en transit, de l'être en mouvement, de l'identité en construction. Paulo lécriture l écriture daltérité, daltérité d altérité, altérité d'altérité lautre autre soi pas identité lexercice narratif sélargit, sélargit s élargit, élargit s'élargit puisquil puisqu luimême même didentification identification espace doù où lorigine origine lautre, autre, nonappartenance non appartenance renforce existentielle linstabilité, linstabilité instabilité, instabilité l'instabilité fragmentation lhybridation, lhybridation hybridation, hybridation l'hybridation lêtre être lors identitaire dautres, dautres autres, autres d'autres lindividu individu transit mouvement lidentité construction

Resumo A osteoporose é uma doença sistêmica caracterizada pela redução da densidade mineral óssea. A difusão do conhecimento sobre à doença, pode ser uma alternativa viável para atitudes preventivas e de autocuidado. Dessa forma, esse artigo procura identificar como são os programas sobre saúde óssea para idosos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de estudos publicados entre 2011 e 2022 nas bases de dados Periódicos Capes, Web of Science, PubMed e Google Scholar em inglês. Foram encontrados 10.093 estudos, sendo selecionados 7 depois dos critérios de inclusão. Foi possível verificar que os programas de educação para saúde óssea possuem o objetivo de empoderar o idoso pelo aumento do conhecimento sobre a doença, conscientizar sobre o consumo de cálcio e vitamina D ou de medicamentos para osteoporose, mudanças de hábitos e a prática de exercícios físicos. Os programas geralmente são realizados com reuniões em grupo ou individualizados, com sessões de 50 a 60 minutos, podendo ou não, delimitar o número de indivíduos em cada uma delas. Nota-se que acompanhar a evolução do processo educativo também é importante. A contextualização dos temas junto a realidade e interesse dos idosos, parece ser outra forma positiva para despertar atitudes de autocuidado.

Abstract Osteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by a reduction in bone mineral density. The dissemination of knowledge about the disease can be a viable alternative for promoting preventive behavior and self-care. This study sought to identify the main characteristics of bone health programs for older persons. We conducted an integrative review, searching for studies published between 2011 and 2022 in the CAPES periodicals database, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar using English descriptors. A total of 10,093 studies were retrieved, seven of which were selected after applying the inclusion criteria. The findings show that bone health education programs aim to empower older people by increasing knowledge about the disease and raising awareness about calcium and vitamin D intake, osteoporosis medications, and the importance of changing habits and exercise. Programs generally consist of group or individual meetings, with sessions lasting 50 to 60 minutes. Class sizes may be limited or unrestricted. Follow-up during the educational process was also found to be important. Tailoring topics to the reality and interests of participants appears to be another positive way of promoting the adoption of self-care practices.

Abstract Osteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by a reduction in bone mineral density. The dissemination of knowledge about the disease can be a viable alternative for promoting preventive behavior and self-care. This study sought to identify the main characteristics of bone health programs for older persons. We conducted an integrative review, searching for studies published between 2011 and 2022 in the CAPES periodicals database, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar using English descriptors. A total of 10,093 studies were retrieved, seven of which were selected after applying the inclusion criteria. The findings show that bone health education programs aim to empower older people by increasing knowledge about the disease and raising awareness about calcium and vitamin D intake, osteoporosis medications, and the importance of changing habits and exercise. Programs generally consist of group or individual meetings, with sessions lasting 50 to 60 minutes. Class sizes may be limited or unrestricted. Follow-up during the educational process was also found to be important. Tailoring topics to the reality and interests of participants appears to be another positive way of promoting the adoption of self-care practices.

Resumo A osteoporose é uma doença sistêmica caracterizada pela redução da densidade mineral óssea. A difusão do conhecimento sobre à doença, pode ser uma alternativa viável para atitudes preventivas e de autocuidado. Dessa forma, esse artigo procura identificar como são os programas sobre saúde óssea para idosos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de estudos publicados entre 2011 e 2022 nas bases de dados Periódicos Capes, Web of Science, PubMed e Google Scholar em inglês. Foram encontrados 10.093 estudos, sendo selecionados 7 depois dos critérios de inclusão. Foi possível verificar que os programas de educação para saúde óssea possuem o objetivo de empoderar o idoso pelo aumento do conhecimento sobre a doença, conscientizar sobre o consumo de cálcio e vitamina D ou de medicamentos para osteoporose, mudanças de hábitos e a prática de exercícios físicos. Os programas geralmente são realizados com reuniões em grupo ou individualizados, com sessões de 50 a 60 minutos, podendo ou não, delimitar o número de indivíduos em cada uma delas. Nota-se que acompanhar a evolução do processo educativo também é importante. A contextualização dos temas junto a realidade e interesse dos idosos, parece ser outra forma positiva para despertar atitudes de autocuidado.

Abstract Associations are non-profit organizations with the purpose of defending collective interests, developing economic activities and impacting and transforming people's lives. However, they present management difficulties, especially with respect to costs, because their accounting practice is still underdeveloped. A costing tool is essential in any type of organization and, in this context, this work sought, through quantitative research and through the Activity-Based Costing method, to measure the management costs of a women's association that works in the handcraft production of coconut sweets. The case study was developed in an association, located in the city of Lucena- PB-BR, which manufactures two types of coconut sweets: traditional and cut. Data collection was carried out using observation, document analysis and interviews. The results showed that the association needs to formalize its Production Planning and Control, in order to produce more efficiently. Fifty-two micro-activities were identified, 77% of which were considered to add value to products. The analysis of the management cost of the production showed that traditional sweets generate profits, while cut sweets imply a loss for the association. JEL: D24, L66, M11.

Resumen Las asociaciones civiles son organizaciones sin fines de lucro cuyo propósito es defender intereses colectivos, desarrollar actividades económicas e impactar y transformar la vida de las personas. Presentan dificultades en relación a la gestión, especialmente con respecto a los costos, porque su práctica contable está todavía poco desarrollada. Una herramienta de costeo resulta esencial en cualquier organización y, en este contexto, este trabajo buscó, mediante una investigación cuantitativa y a través del método de Costeo Basado en Actividades, medir los costos de gestión de una Asociación de Mujeres que trabaja en la producción artesanal de dulces de coco. El estudio de caso se desarrolló en una asociación, en la ciudad de Lucena- PB-BR, que fabrica dos tipos de dulces de coco: tradicionales y de corte. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante la técnica de observación, análisis de documentos y entrevistas. Los resultados mostraron que la asociación necesita formalizar su planificación y control de la producción, para poder producir de manera más eficiente. Se identificaron 52 microactividades, el 77% agregan valor a los productos. El análisis del costo de los productos mostró que los dulces tradicionales presentan ganancias, mientras que los dulces de corte implican una pérdida para la asociación. JEL: D24, L66, M11.

Résumé Les associations civiles sont des organisations à but non lucratif dont l’objectif est de défendre les intérêts collectifs, développer des activités économiques et d'impacter et transformer la vie des gens. Cependant, ils présentent des difficultés en matière de management, notamment en matière de coûts, car leur pratique comptable est encore sous-développée. Un outil des coûts est essentiel dans une organisation et, dans ce contexte, le travail a exploré, par une recherche quantitative et par la méthode ABC, à mesurer les coûts de gestion d'une association féminine qui travaille dans la production artisanale de bonbons à la noix de coco. L'étude de cas a été développée dans une association, dans Lucena-PB-BR, qui fabrique deux types de bonbons: traditionnels et coupés. La collecte de données a été réalisée à l'aide de la technique d'observation, d'analyse de documents et d'entretiens. Les résultats ont montré que l'association doit formaliser sa planification et son contrôle de production, afin de produire plus efficacement. Cinquante-deux micro-activités ont été identifiées, dont 77% ont été considérées comme valorisant les produits. L'analyse du coût de gestion des produits a montré que les sucreries traditionnelles présentent des bénéfices, tandis que les sucreries coupées impliquent une perte pour l'association. JEL: D24, L66, M11.

Abstract Introduction: cystic fibrosis is a disease that causes inflammation, oxidative stress and metabolic changes that lead to nutrient deficiency, such as vitamin D deficiency. On the other hand, it is suggested that vitamin D has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. Objective: to evaluate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and the association between serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels with markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with cystic fibrosis. Method: a cross-sectional study was carried out with 48 patients with cystic fibrosis including children, adolescents and adults in the northeast region of Brazil. Blood collection was performed for analysis of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, parathyroid hormone, inflammatory process (C-reactive protein [CRP] and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein-A1 [A1GPA]) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity [CAOT]). The statistical analysis was performed using the "Statistical Package for the Social Sciences", adopting a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency was found in 64.6 % of patients. After multiple linear regression analysis, MDA showed an inverse association with blood values of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (p < 0.05) conditioned by the presence of inflammatory process markers. When only oxidative stress was evaluated, this association disappeared. Conclusion: in conclusion, there was a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, with 25(OH)D levels associated with greater oxidative stress when combined with inflammatory markers. Improved vitamin D levels may be an alternative to reduce the damage caused by excess oxidative stress and inflammation in CF patients.

Resumen Introducción: la fibrosis quística es una enfermedad que cursa con inflamación, estrés oxidativo y cambios metabólicos que conducen a deficiencia de nutrientes como la vitamina D. Por otro lado, se sugiere que la vitamina D tiene acción antiinflamatoria y antioxidante. Objetivo: evaluar la prevalencia de hipovitaminosis D y la asociación entre los niveles séricos de 25 hidroxivitamina D con los marcadores de estrés oxidativo e inflamación en pacientes con fibrosis quística. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 48 pacientes con fibrosis quística, niños, adolescentes y adultos, de la región nordeste de Brasil. Se realizó una extracción de sangre para el análisis de 25-hidroxivitamina D, calcio, hormona paratiroidea, proceso inflamatorio (proteína C-reactiva [PCR] y alfa-1-glucoproteína ácida-A1 [A1GPA]) y estrés oxidativo (malondialdehído [MDA] y capacidad antioxidante total [CAOT]). El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando el "Paquete Estadístico para las Ciencias Sociales", adoptando un nivel de significancia de p < 0,05. Resultados: se encontró insuficiencia/deficiencia de vitamina D en el 64,6 % de los pacientes. Después de un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple, la MDA mostró una asociación inversa con los valores sanguíneos de 25-hidroxivitamina D (p < 0,05) condicionado a la presencia de marcadores de proceso inflamatorio; cuando solo se evalúa el estrés oxidativo, esta asociación desaparece. Conclusión: en conclusión, hubo una alta prevalencia de hipovitaminosis D, con niveles de 25(OH)D asociados a mayor estrés oxidativo cuando se combina con marcadores inflamatorios. La mejora de los niveles de vitamina D puede ser una alternativa para reducir el daño causado por el exceso de estrés oxidativo y la inflamación en pacientes con FQ.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Weight regain in the postoperative period after bariatric surgery is directly related to the relapse of preoperative comorbidities and a negative impact on the patients’ biochemical profile. AIMS: To assess the metabolic impact of weight regain on preoperative comorbidities and on patients’ biochemical profiles, in order to show the impact of the complications on the metabolic outcomes of bariatric surgery. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out with 75 women in the late postoperative period of bariatric surgery who presented pathological weight regain (≥20% of the maximum weight loss). Data of interest consisted of glycemic, lipid, and inflammatory profile measurements at three different moments of evaluation: preoperative period, at the weight nadir (minimum weight), and after weight regain. A multivariate analysis was performed. RESULTS: The mean age was 46.39±12.09 years. Preoperative body mass index was 40.10±4.11 kg/m2. There was an overall increase of 3.36 points in the mean body mass index between the nadir and after regain: from 26.30±3.9 kg/m2 to 29.66±4.66 kg/m2. The mean time to reach the nadir was 18±7.6 months, with an average percentage of excess weight loss of 91.08±11.8%. The median time for pathological weight regain was 48 months, and the mean regain amongst the sample was 8.85±5.65 kg. There was a significant correlation between pathological weight regain and levels of insulin (r=0.351; p<0.011), C-peptide (r=0.303; p<0.011), C-reactive protein (r=0.402; p<0.001), and vitamin D (r=-0.435; p<0.001), the last two being the most influenced by the percentage of weight regained. CONCLUSIONS: The pathological weight regain in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery results in losses in the patients’ metabolic and inflammatory profiles. However, the biochemical benefits are sustained up to the preoperative levels of the parameters analyzed.

RESUMO RACIONAL: Reganho de peso no pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica está diretamente relacionado à recidiva das comorbidades pré-operatórias e a um impacto negativo no perfil bioquímico desses pacientes. OBJETIVOS: avaliar o impacto metabólico do reganho de peso nas comorbidades pré-operatórias e no perfil bioquímico desses pacientes, a fim de mostrar o impacto das complicações nos desfechos metabólicos finais da cirurgia bariátrica. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo que analisou 75 mulheres no pós-operatório tardio de cirurgia bariátrica que apresentaram reganho patológico de peso (=20% do máximo de peso perdido). Foram coletados dados referentes às medidas dos perfis glicêmico, lipídico e inflamatório em três momentos distintos de avaliação: no pré-operatório, no nadir de peso (menor peso) e após o reganho ponderal. Foi realizada uma análise multivariada. RESULTADOS: A idade média foi 46.39±12.09 anos. IMC médio pré-operatório foi 40.10±4.11 kg/m2. Houve um aumento de 3,36 pontos no IMC médio entre o nadir e após reganho: de 26.30±3.9 Kg/m2 para 29.66±4.66 Kg/m2. O tempo médio para atingir o nadir foi de 18±7.6 meses, com uma %PEP de 91.08±11.8%. O tempo médio para o reganho patológico foi de 48 meses, e a média de reganho foi 8.85±5.65 kg. Houve correlação significativa entre o reganho patológico e os níveis de insulina (r=0.351; p<0.011), peptídeo C (r=0.303; p<0.011), proteína C reativa (r=0.402; p<0.001) e vitamina D (r=-0.435; p<0.001), sendo os dois últimos os mais influenciados pela porcentagem de reganho de peso. CONCLUSÕES: O reganho de peso patológico no pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica resulta em prejuízos ao perfil metabólico e inflamatório dos pacientes. No entanto, os benefícios bioquímicos perduram em relação aos níveis pré-operatórios dos parâmetros analisados

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the effects of relocation time (RT; Experiment 1) and storage time after relocation (ST; Experiment 2) on microbial population, fermentative characteristics, and chemical composition of corn silage. In experiment 1, corn silage was stored for 30 d, subjected to different RT (0–60 h), and stored again for 30 d. Thirty experimental silos were used in a completely randomized design, with three replicates per treatment. In experiment 2, after 150 d of ensiling, silage was removed from a bunker silo, exposed to air for 9 h, relocated to experimental silos, and stored for periods ranging from 0 to 128 d. Twenty-eight experimental silos were used in a completely randomized design, with four replicates per treatment. Relocation time had no effect on fungi counts and concentrations of lactic and propionic acids in corn silage but resulted in a significant increase in dry matter content. In experiment 2, dry matter recovery and concentration of non-fiber carbohydrates decreased in corn silage stored for more than 32 d after relocation. Exposure of corn silage to air during relocation for up to 60 h followed by 30 d of storage did not compromise the fermentation profile or nutritive value of the silage. Increased storage time of relocated corn silage (up to 128 d) consistently decreases its nutritional value. The storage period seems to have an increased impact on nutrient loss in relocated silage than the relocation period.

Abstract Size effects are known to be relevant in the shear transfer mechanisms of quasi-brittle materials like concrete. Bažant proposed an asymptotic approximation between plasticity theory and Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM), showing a proportionality of concrete nominal resistance with d - 1 / 2, where d is beam depth. Recently, the long-standing shear transfer mechanism expressions of ACI 318:2014 have been updated (ACI 318:2019), with introduction of a size effect factor. In Brazil, recent publications identified non-conservative trends in predictions of ABNT NBR 6118:2014 for larger beam depths; yet, the Brazilian code never considered size effects because they are suppressed by transverse reinforcement. Considering this background, in this manuscript we make a comprehensive analysis of NBR 6118:2014 shear strength predictions using as a reference the papers of ACI-ASCE DatStb 445-D database. The results exhibit strong tendencies in the model error regarding longitudinal reinforcement and effective depth for beams without transversal reinforcement. A two-step analysis is made herein to describe model errors: first, a nonlinear regression for longitudinal reinforcement is made; second, a linear regression is made for size effect. The reliability analysis corroborates that model error may be reduced by introducing size effect and longitudinal reinforcement factors. Next, for beams with transversal reinforcement, smoother tendencies regarding beam depth are noted, indicating a size effect suppression for the beams depths available in the database. However, as the analysis shows that the higher beam depths concentrate most of the results with unconservative model errors, further studies are necessary to accurately describe how transversal reinforcement suppress the size effect.

Resumo A relevância do efeito escala é conhecida nos mecanismos de transferência de cisalhamento em materiais quase-frágeis, como o concreto. Bažant propôs uma abordagem assintótica entre a teoria da plasticidade e a Mecânica da Fratura Elástica Linear, exibindo uma proporcionalidade da resistência nominal do concreto com d - 1 / 2, sendo d a altura útil da viga. Recentemente, a expressão do código norte americano ACI 318:2014 para os mecanismos complementares de cisalhamento foi atualizada (ACI 318:2019), com a inserção de um fator de efeito de escala. No Brasil, publicações recentes identificaram tendências não conservadoras nas previsões da NBR 6118:2014 para maiores valores de d; ainda assim, o código brasileiro nunca considerou efeito escala devido à aparente supressão pelo reforço transversal. Considerando esse cenário, esse artigo faz uma análise abrangente das previsões normativas da NBR 6118:2014 para a resistência ao cisalhamento usando como referência os artigos da base de dados ACI-ASCE DatStb 445-D. Os resultados exibem fortes tendências da variável erro de modelo em relação à taxa de reforço longitudinal e altura útil para as vigas sem reforço transversal. Uma análise em duas etapas é efetuada neste trabalho: primeiro, uma regressão não-linear é realizada, em termos da taxa de reforço longitudinal; na sequência, uma regressão linear é realizada para a altura da viga. A análise de confiabilidade estrutural corrobora os resultados apontando que a incorporação dos fatores para efeito escala e taxa de reforço longitudinal leva à redução do erro de modelo. Para vigas com reforço transversal, são observadas tendências mais sutis de variação do erro de modelo com a altura útil da viga. Contudo, a análise mostra que as maiores alturas de viga ainda concentram a maior parte dos resultados para as quais o modelo é não conservador; logo, mais estudos são necessários para descrever precisamente como o reforço transversal suprime o efeito escala.

Abstract The frequency of gastrointestinal parasites with an emphasis on Strongylus vulgaris was investigated among the Brazilian Pony breed kept on farms in the municipality of Teresópolis, state of Rio de Janeiro. Fecal samples were collected in three stud farms: A (n= 22 animals), B (n= 3), and C (n= 2). Fecal samples were subjected to the quantitative Mini-FLOTAC technique, using three different solutions, and to qualitative techniques. The parasite prevalence was found to be 81.4%. Eggs from strongylids were identified in 74% of the ponies. Eggs of Parascaris spp. were detected in 22.7% of the animals, which were all females of farm A. At this locality, mares were kept with their foals in fenced paddocks all the time. The NaCl solution of d = 1.200 g/ml was generally the one that presented the highest frequency of diagnosis of nematode eggs and the highest mean of fecal eggs per gram. The fecal samples were also subjected to the polymerase chain reaction for amplification of DNA from the ITS2 region for Strongylus vulgaris. Twelve samples presented nucleotide sequences for S. vulgaris. In the end, this study revealed the high frequency (96.3%) of S. vulgaris among ponies on farms in Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Resumo A frequência de parasitos gastrointestinais, com ênfase na pesquisa de Strongylus vulgaris, foi investigada entre os Pôneis Brasileiros criados em haras na cidade de Teresópolis, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Amostras fecais foram coletadas em três haras: A (n=22 animais), B (n=3) e C (n=2). Amostras fecais foram submetidas à técnica quantitativa de Mini-FLOTAC utilizando três diferentes soluções e técnicas qualitativas. A prevalência de parasitos foi de 81,4%. Ovos de estrôngilos foram identificados em 74% dos pôneis. Ovos de Parascaris spp. foram detectados em 22,7% dos animais, sendo todos fêmeas do haras A. Nesta propriedade, as éguas eram mantidas com os pôneis em piquetes cercados durante todo o tempo. A solução de NaCl, com densidade de 1.200 g/ml, foi a que apresentou a maior frequência diagnóstica de ovos de nematoides e a maior contagem de ovos por grama de fezes. As amostras também foram submetidas à reação de polimerase em cadeia para amplificar DNA da região ITS2 de Strongylus vulgaris. Doze amostras fecais apresentaram sequências nucleotídicas de S. vulgaris. Ao final, este estudo demonstrou a alta frequência (96.3%) de S. vulgaris em pôneis mantidos em haras na cidade de Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

ABSTRACT Objective: Verify the clinical efficacy and safety of a low-cost tDCS device, in a clinical trial for major depressive disorder. Methods: 168 persons were recruited; 32 depressed individuals with moderate or severe depressive symptoms (HDRS17 scores higher than 18) were included and randomized for the trial (16 individuals in each group). The intervention consisted of 10 active anodal tDCS sessions at 2 mA for 30 minutes over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; or sham. The main outcome was HDRS17; secondary outcomes included satisfaction (TSQM II) and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF). Assessments at baseline, endpoint and at 30 days follow-up. Results: The sample was composed by a total of 11 men and 21 women, mean age of 42.75 years (95% CI: 38.10-47.40). Active treatment was superior than sham: There was a significant interaction between group and time regarding HDRS-17 scores (F = 4.089, df = 2, p = 0.029; partial Eta squared = 0. 239). Post hoc analyses exhibited a statistically significant difference between active and sham group symptoms after a 30 days follow-up (difference = -7.75, p = 0.008, Cohen’s d = 1.069). There were 3 dropouts, all in the active group, due schedule issues. No severe adverse effects reported. Conclusion: The current active tDCS protocol was related with clinical improvement of depressive symptoms. Intervention was well-tolerated. Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques are still not routinely used, although a viable strategy for treatment-resistant patients, partial responders and people unable to use pharmacological treatment. We aim to increase knowledge and use of tDCS for the Brazilian population.

RESUMO Objetivo: Testar a eficácia clínica e a segurança de equipamento de estimulação elétrica transcraniana por corrente contínua (ETCC) de baixo custo em ensaio clínico para transtorno depressivo maior (TDM). Métodos: Foram recrutadas 168 pessoas e incluídos e randomizados 32 indivíduos com depressão moderada ou grave (escores na HDRS17 >18; 16 indivíduos em cada grupo). A intervenção consistiu de 10 sessões de ETCC ativa a 2 mA no córtex pré-frontal dorsolateral esquerdo por 30 minutos, ou sham. O desfecho principal foi HDRS17; os desfechos secundários foram satisfação (TSQM II) e qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-BREF). Avaliações no início, no final do tratamento e após 30 dias de seguimento. Resultados: A amostra foi composta de 11 homens e 21 mulheres, com idade média de 42,75 anos (IC 95%: 38,10 a 47,40). O tratamento ativo foi superior ao sham: houve interação significativa entre grupo e tempo em relação aos escores de HDRS17 na ANOVA (F = 4,089, df = 2, p = 0,029; partial Eta squared = 0,239). A análise post hoc mostrou diferença significativa na HDRS17 no follow-up após 30 dias (diferença = -7,75, p= 0,008, Cohen’s d = 1,069). Houve 3 dropouts, todos no grupo ativo, devido a problemas de agenda. Não houve registro de efeitos adversos graves. Conclusão: O tratamento ativo teve relação com melhora clínica de sintomas depressivos. A intervenção foi bem tolerada. Técnicas de estimulação cerebral não invasivas ainda não são rotina na prática clínica, apesar de estratégias viáveis para pacientes resistentes a tratamento, respondedores parciais e pessoas com intolerância a medicamentos. Esperamos ampliar o conhecimento e o uso de protocolos de ETCC na população brasileira.

Abstract Background Some studies have suggested the HLA-B27 gene may protect against some infections, as well as it could play a benefit role on the viral clearance, including hepatitis C and HIV. However, there is lack of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic data in spondyloarthritis (SpA) patients. Aim To evaluate the impact of HLA-B27 gene positivity on the susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 and disease activity in axial SpA patients. Methods The ReumaCoV-Brasil is a multicenter, observational, prospective cohort designed to monitor immunemediated rheumatic diseases patients during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Brazil. Axial SpA patients, according to the ASAS classification criteria (2009), and only those with known HLA-B27 status, were included in this ReumaCov-Brasil's subanalysis. After pairing them to sex and age, they were divided in two groups: with (cases) and without (control group) COVID-19 diagnosis. Other immunodeficiency diseases, past organ or bone marrow transplantation, neoplasms and current chemotherapy were excluded. Demographic data, managing of COVID-19 (diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes, including hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, and death), comorbidities, clinical details (disease activity and concomitant medication) were collected using the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) database. Data are presented as descriptive analysis and multiple regression models, using SPSS program, version 20. P level was set as 5%. Results From May 24th, 2020 to Jan 24th, 2021, a total of 153 axial SpA patients were included, of whom 85 (55.5%) with COVID-19 and 68 (44.4%) without COVID-19. Most of them were men (N = 92; 60.1%) with mean age of 44.0 ± 11.1 years and long-term disease (11.7 ± 9.9 years). Regarding the HLA-B27 status, 112 (73.2%) patients tested positive. There were no significant statistical differences concerning social distancing, smoking, BMI (body mass index), waist circumference and comorbidities. Regarding biological DMARDs, 110 (71.8%) were on TNF inhibitors and 14 (9.15%) on IL-17 antagonists. Comparing those patients with and without COVID-19, the HLA-B27 positivity was not different between groups (n = 64, 75.3% vs. n = 48, 48%, respectively; p = 0.514). In addition, disease activity was similar before and after the infection. Interestingly, no new episodes of arthritis, enthesitis or extra-musculoskeletal manifestations were reported after the COVID-19. The mean time from the first symptoms to hospitalization was 7.1 ± 3.4 days, and although the number of hospitalization days was numerically higher in the B27 positive group, no statistically significant difference was observed (5.7 ± 4.11 for B27 negative patients and 13.5 ± 14.8 for B27 positive patients; p = 0.594). Only one HLA-B27 negative patient died. No significant difference was found regarding concomitant medications, including conventional or biologic DMARDs between the groups. Conclusions No significant difference of COVID-19 frequency rate was observed in patients with axial SpA regarding the HLA-B27 positivity, suggesting a lack of protective effect with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, the disease activity was similar before and after the infection. Trial registration This study was approved by the Brazilian Committee of Ethics in Human Research (CONEP), CAAE 30186820.2.1001.8807, and was registered at the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials – REBEC, RBR-33YTQC. All patients read and signed the informed consent form before inclusion.

Abstract Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is a rare genetic, multiorgan disease. Little information about the Brazilian context is available to date; thus, this descriptive subgroup analysis was conducted on Brazilian data from the Hunter Outcome Survey (HOS), including clinical characteristics among MPS II patients from Brazil. HOS is a global, multi-center, long-term, observational registry of patients with MPS II (NCT03292887). Variables related to organ system involvement, signs and symptoms, surgical procedures and survival among Brazilian patients were extracted from HOS database. Data from 153 Brazilian patients with MPS II were analyzed. Musculoskeletal (96.6%), abdomen/gastrointestinal (95.2%), neurological (88.7%), pulmonary (86.2%), and ear (81.3%) were the most frequently observed organ/systems involved. Regarding signs and symptoms, the most prevalent symptom was coarse facial features consistent with the disease (94.6%), followed by joint stiffness and limited function (89.3%), hernia (84.2%) and hepatomegaly (82.2%). Median survival time was 22.0 years, and the major cause of death was respiratory failure (31.8%). These data may be helpful to understand disease characteristics and to help improve the quality of MPS II patient care in Brazil.