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Abstract Introduction Although Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) extra-articular manifestations (ExtRA) occurrence has been decreasing over time, they are still a major mortality risk factor for patients. Objective To determine the prevalence of ExtRA in a large cohort, and its association with demographic and clinical variables. Method Cross-sectional and observational study, based on a multi-centric database from a prospective cohort, in which 11 public rheumatology centres enrolled RA patients (1987 ARA or 2010 ACR-EULAR). Data collection began in 08-2015, using a single online electronic medical record. Continuous variables were compared using Mann–Whit-ney U-test, and Fisher's exact test or chi-square test, as appropriate, were used for categorical variables. The level of significance was set at 5% (p < 0.05). Results 1115 patients were included: 89% women, age [mean ± SD] 58.2 ± 11.5 years, disease duration 14.5 ± 12.2 years, positive Rheumatoid Factor (RF, n = 1108) in 77%, positive anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACPA, n = 477) in 78%. Regarding ExtRA, 334 occurrences were registered in 261 patients, resulting in an overall prevalence of 23.4% in the cohort. The comparison among ExtRA and Non-ExtRA groups shows significant higher age (p < 0.001), disease duration (p < 0.001), RF high titers (p = 0.018), Clinical Disease Activity index (CDAI) (p < 0.001), Disease Activity Index 28 (DAS 28) (p < 0.001), and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) (p < 0.001) in ExtRA group. Treatment with Azathioprine (p = 0.002), Etanercept (p = 0.049) Glucocorticoids (GC) (‘p = 0.002), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (p < 0.001) were more frequent in ExtRA group. Conclusions ExtRA manifestations still show an expressive occurrence that should not be underestimated. Our findings reinforce that long-term seropositive disease, associated with significant disability and persistent inflammatory activity are the key factors related to ExtRA development.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-023-00318-y

Adjuvant effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the treatment of experimental periodontitis in rats undergoing chemotherapy
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GARCIA, Valdir Gouveia

; ROCHA, Tiago Esgalha da

; GOMES, Natália Amanda

; MIESSI, Daniela Maria Janjácomo

; NUERNBERG, Marta Aparecida Alberton

; RODRIGUES, João Victor Soares

; CARDOSO, Jânderson de Medeiros

; ERVOLINO, Edilson

; THEODORO, Letícia Helena

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2023, Volume 31 elocation e20230135

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Surgical procedures, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, individually or in association, are current oncological treatments. Among the most used chemotherapy drugs, 5-fluorouracil (5FU) is an antimetabolite with a broad spectrum of action. This study evaluated the effects of probiotics (PRO) as an adjuvant to the treatment of experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats immunosuppressed with 5FU. Methodology 108 rats were randomly allocated to six different groups: EP; SS – systemic treatment with saline solution (SS); 5FU – systemic treatment with 5FU; 5FU+PRO – systemic treatment with 5FU, followed by the local administration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; 5FU+SRP – systemic treatment with 5-FU, followed by scaling and root planing (SRP); and 5FU+SRP+PRO – systemic treatment with 5FU followed by local treatments with SRP and PRO. Immunosuppression was obtained at two points: at the time of ligature installation and after 48 h. Six animals from each group were euthanized at seven, 15, and 30 d and hemimandibles were collected and processed for histopathological, histometric, and immunohistochemical analysis. Data were subjected to statistical analysis (α=5%). Results At 7 d, the 5FU+PRO group showed less bone resorption and better structured connective tissue compared with the EP, SS, 5FU+SRP, and 5FU+SRP+PRO groups. At 15 d, the 5FU+SRP group showed a greater intensity of the inflammatory response (p<0.05). At 30 d, the 5FU+SRP+PRO group showed better structured bone tissue and a higher percentage of bone tissue (PBT) than the EP, SS, 5FU, and 5FU+PRO groups (p<0.05). Conclusion The use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as monotherapy or as an adjuvant to periodontal therapy may have a positive effect on bone repair in immunosuppressed conditions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0135

Silent circulation of Chikungunya virus among pregnant women and newborns in the Western Brazilian Amazon before the first outbreak of chikungunya fever
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Kanunfre, Kelly Aparecida

; Rocha, Mussya Cisotto

; Malta, Maíra Barreto

; Souza, Rodrigo Medeiros de

; Castro, Marcia Caldas

; Boscardin, Silvia Beatriz

; Souza, Higo Fernando Santos

; Witkin, Steven S.

; Cardoso, Marly Augusto

; Okay, Thelma Suely

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2022, Volume 64 elocation e25

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The prevalence of immunity to Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in pregnant women and newborns in the Western Brazilian Amazon was assessed at a time when previous studies did not report chikungunya fever in the area. In 435 asymptomatic pregnant women and 642 healthy unrelated newborns, the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies to CHIKV were determined by a commercial ELISA. All participants were negative to IgM anti-CHIKV. Anti-CHIKV IgG was identified in 41 (9.4%) pregnant women and 66 (10.3%) newborns. The presence of anti-CHIKV IgG was positively associated with the lowest socioeconomic status in pregnant women (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.15-5.62, p=0.021) and in the newborns’ mothers (OR 5.10, 95% CI 2.15-12.09, p< 0.001). Anti-CHIKV IgG was also associated with maternal age in both, the pregnant women (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.11, p=0.037) and the newborns’mothers (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03-1.12, p=0.001). Pregnancy outcomes in which the mother or the newborn was anti-CHIKV IgG positive proceeded normally. Negative CHIKV serology was associated with being positive for DENV antibodies and having had malaria during pregnancy. These findings showed that there was already a silent circulation of CHIKV in this Amazon region before the first outbreak of chikungunya fever. Furthermore, seropositivity for CHIKV was surprisingly frequent (10%) in both, pregnant women and newborns, affecting mainly low-income women.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202264025

GESTÃO DE PARQUES URBANOS POR PARTICULARES: O CASO DA CIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
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Sampaio, Patrícia Regina Pinheiro

; Sampaio, Rômulo Silveira da Rocha

; Pavão, Bianca Borges Medeiros

Revista de Direito da Cidade

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dec 2021, Volume 13 N. 4 Pages 1998 - 2029

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os parques urbanos, se bem geridos, constituem espaços que podem influenciar positivamente diversos aspectos do funcionamento das cidades. Entretanto, diversas cidades já enfrentam ou preveem dificuldades em garantir os recursos necessários para se cuidar adequadamente desses espaços. Como consequência, diversos parques urbanos encontram-se deteriorados ou subutilizados. O presente artigo tem como intuito apresentar exemplos de soluções jurídicas para a transferência, total ou parcial, da gestão de parques urbanos a particulares, com ou sem finalidade lucrativa. Como metodologia, utiliza-se a de estudo de casos, abordando-se três parques urbanos localizados no município de São Paulo, escolhidos por terem sido identificados como os únicos daquele município que, no momento em que a pesquisa foi realizada, traziam soluções que compartilhavam iniciativas estatais e privadas. O estudo permitiu discutir as possibilidades e os desafios presentes nos modelos de gestão que se baseiam na assunção privada da gestão desses parques, preferencialmente sem a necessidade de aportes de recursos orçamentários. Como resultados, as experiências estudadas ilustram que os instrumentos jurídicos desenhados em apoio às cooperações e à delegação da gestão dos parques podem operar como importantes instrumentos visando garantir a sustentabilidade financeira e a adequada governança dessas áreas.

ABSTRACT The urban parks, if well managed, are spaces that can positively influence diverse aspects of the functioning of the cities. However, several cities face difficulties raising the funds required to properly take care of these spaces. As a consequence, several urban parks are deteriorated or underutilized. This paper discusses possibilities that may rise from the transfer of urban parks’ management to private parties, whether for profit or not. As per the methodology, we chose the case study of three urban parks located in the city of São Paulo, which were the only ones that experienced some sort of public-private arrangement at that time. The study allowed us to discuss the possibilities and challenges present in the management models that are based on the private assumption of the management of these parks, preferably without the need of budgetary resources. As a result, the experiences studied have shown that legal instruments designed to support cooperation and delegation of park management can operate as important instruments to ensure financial sustainability and adequate governance of these areas.

https://doi.org/10.12957/rdc.2021.51798

Evaluation of microbial contamination in multi-dose fluorescein eyedrops in a reference eye center
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Costa, Camila de Moraes

; Espósito, Kayo Pinheiro

; Florêncio, Victor Medeiros Brandão

; Aquino, Paulo Romero Leite

; Firmo, Elza Ferreira

; Costa, Iggor Macêdo do Amaral

; Rocha, Camilla

; Andrade, Camila Galvão de

; Oliveira-Júnior, Jorge Belém

; Ventura, Camila V.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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oct 2021, Volume 84 N. 5 Pages 449 - 453

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a presença de microrganismos nos colírios de fluoresceína utilizados em um centro oftalmológico de referência em Recife-PE. Métodos: Este estudo de vida real e mascarado avaliou colírios de fluoresceína utilizados na Fundação Altino Ventura em maio/2019. As culturas foram realizadas de acordo com os diferentes tempos de exposição: I - três frascos de colírio foram analisados após 1 dia de uso; II - três frascos de colírio após 4 dias de uso; III - três frascos de colírio após 8 dias de uso; IV - três garrafas fechadas foram usadas como grupo controle. As amostras foram coletadas da ponta do frasco, da gota instilada e do líquido residual interior. Após incubação, todas as colônias foram analisadas e identificadas através de testes bioquímicos. Resultados: A taxa de contaminação dos frascos de colírio de fluoresceína neste estudo foi de 55,5% (5/9 frascos). Não houve contaminação no grupo controle. A maior contaminação foi observada os colírios expostos de um dia - 100% dos frascos. A ponta da garrafa teve uma maior taxa de contaminação em comparação com as culturas de gota e de fluido residual inferior. Bactérias gram-positivas foram isoladas em 7/27 amostras (25,9%). Não houve crescimento de fungos ou bactérias Gram-negativas. Conclusão: A identificação de bactérias Gram-positivas predominantemente na ponta dos frascos de colírio de fluoresceína sugere manuseio inadequado como a principal causa de contaminação de colírios multidose.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To analyze the presence of microorganisms in fluorescein eyedrops used in a reference eye center in Recife-PE. Methods: This real-life and masked study evaluated fluorescein eyedrops used at the Altino Ventura Foundation in May 2019. Cultures were performed according to exposure times; I) three eyedrop bottles were analyzed after one day of use, II) three eyedrop bottles after 4 d of use, III) three eyedrop bottles after 8 d of use, and IV) three unopened bottles used as control. Samples were collected from the bottle’s tip, instilled drop, and residual fluid. After incubation, all colonies were analyzed and identified through biochemical tests. Results: The contamination rate of the fluorescein eyedrop bottles in this study was 55.5% (5/9 vials). There was no contamination in the control group. The highest contamination was seen in one day exposed eyedrops, in 100% of the bottles. The bottle’s tip had a higher rate of contamination compared to the drop and residual fluid. Gram-positive bacteria were isolated in 7/27 (25.9%) samples. Growth of fungi or gram-negative bacteria was not observed. Conclusion: The identification of gram-positive bacteria predominantly on the tip of the fluorescein eyedrop bottles suggests inadequate handling as the main cause of contamination.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20210070 76 downloads

Association between Adverse Maternal Clinical Outcomes and Imbalance of Cytokines and Angiogenic Factors in Preterm Preeclampsia
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Nunes, Priscila Rezeck

; Romao-Veiga, Mariana

; Borges, Vera Therezinha Medeiros

; Matias, Mariana Leticia

; Ribeiro, Vanessa Rocha

; Costa, Roberto Antonio Araujo

; Peracoli, Maria Terezinha Serrao

; Peracoli, Jose Carlos

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

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sep 2021, Volume 43 N. 9 Pages 669 - 675

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo A pré-eclâmpsia (PE) é uma síndrome específica da gravidez caracterizada por níveis anormais de citocinas e fatores angiogênicos, que desempenham um papel no desenvolvimento da doença. Este estudo avaliou se os marcadores imunológicos estão associados à idade gestacional e à gravidade da doença em mulheres com pré-eclâmpsia. Métodos Noventa e cinco mulheres que desenvolveram PE foram estratificadas pela idade gestacional em PE pré-termo (< 37 semanas) e PE a termo (≥ 37 semanas de gestação) e comparadas quanto à gravidade da doença, bem como à concentração plasmática de fatores angiogênicos e citocinas. As concentrações de fator de crescimento placentário (PlGF), fator de crescimento endotelial vascular (VEGF), tirosina quinase solúvel semelhante a Fms (sFlt-1) e endoglina solúvel (sEng), bem como as citocinas, fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF- α) e interleucina 10 (IL-10), foram determinados porensaio de imunoabsorção enzimática (ELISA, na sigla em inglês). Resultados A comparação entre os grupos com pré-eclâmpsia mostrou maior porcentagem de casos graves em PE pré-termo (82,1%) do que em PE a termo (35,9%). Da mesma forma, as concentrações de TNF-α, sFlt-1 e sEng, bem como as razões TNF-α/IL-10 e sFlt-1/PlGF foram significativamente maiores no grupo de PE pré-termo. Em contraste, as concentrações de PlGF, VEGF e IL-10 foram significativamente menores em mulheres com PE pré-termo. Correlações negativas entre TNF-α e IL-10 (r = 0.5232) e entre PlGF e sFlt1 (r = 0.4158) foram detectadas no grupo de PE pré-termo. Conclusão Em gestantes com PE pré-termo, ocorre um desequilíbrio entre os marcadores imunológicos, com predomínio de fatores antiangiogênicos e TNF-α, associados a desfechos clínicos maternos adversos.

Abstract Objective Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific syndrome characterized by abnormal levels of cytokines and angiogenic factors, playing a role in the disease development. The present study evaluated whether immunological markers are associated with the gestational age and with the disease severity in preeclamptic women. Methods Ninety-five women who developed PE were stratified for gestational age as preterm PE (< 37 weeks) and term PE (≥ 37 weeks of gestation) and compared for disease severity as well as plasma concentration of angiogenic factors and cytokines. The concentrations of placental growth factor (PlGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Fms-like soluble tyrosine kinase (sFlt-1) and soluble endoglin (sEng), as well as the cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 10 (IL-10), were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The comparison between preeclamptic groups showed a higher percentage of severe cases in preterm PE (82.1%) than in term PE (35.9%). Similarly, the concentrations of TNF-α, sFlt-1, and sEng, as well as TNF-α/IL-10 and sFlt-1/PlGF ratios were significantly higher in the preterm PE group. In contrast, concentrations of PlGF, VEGF, and IL-10 were significantly lower in women with preterm PE. Negative correlations between TNF-α and IL-10 (r = 0.5232) and between PlGF and sFlt1 (r = 0.4158) were detected in the preterm PE. Conclusion In pregnant women with preterm PE, there is an imbalance between immunological markers, with the predominance of anti-angiogenic factors and TNF-α, associated with adverse maternal clinical outcomes.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735157

Expansão de vagas e qualidade dos cursos de Medicina no Brasil: “Em que pé estamos?”
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Santos Júnior, Claudio José dos

; Misael, Jailton Rocha

; Trindade Filho, Euclides Maurício

; Wyszomirska, Rozangela Maria de Almeida Fernandes

; Santos, Almira Alves dos

; Costa, Paulo José Medeiros de Souza

Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica

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2021, Volume 45 N. 2 elocation e058

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Introdução: A educação médica no Brasil vem enfrentando um importante processo de expansão. Essa realidade foi fortemente influenciada por programas e políticas educacionais implementados principalmente nas últimas décadas. Objetivo: O estudo teve como objetivo traçar um panorama da formação e da avaliação dos cursos de graduação em Medicina no contexto nacional. Método: Foi realizada uma pesquisa documental e descritiva, de abordagem quantitativa. O levantamento de dados ocorreu por meio de dados provenientes da Sistemática de Avaliação Nacional da Educação Superior do Ministério da Educação disponibilizado pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira, órgão que coordena e gerencia dados relativos aos processos de regulação, avaliação e supervisão da educação superior no sistema federal de educação. Foram analisados 20 anos de oferta de cursos de Medicina no Brasil (2000-2019). Resultados: No período em estudo, o número de escolas médicas apresentou um crescimento de 214,9%. No total, analisaram-se 337 cursos de graduação em Medicina em atividade vinculados a instituições de ensino superior públicas (35%) e privadas (65%), perfazendo 34.585 vagas anuais ofertadas. Os cursos estão distribuídos nas 27 unidades federativas brasileiras, com maior e menor concentração de vagas e escolas médicas nas Regiões Sudeste e Norte, respectivamente. A média nacional do número de vagas/ano foi de 1.280,9 vagas/ano e da razão vagas/habitantes foi de 16,5 vagas/100 mil habitantes. A maioria dos cursos obteve conceito três nos indicadores de qualidade propostos pelo Ministério da Educação. Conclusão: O ensino da Medicina no Brasil vem passando por importante processo de expansão, e este é fundamentalmente privado e mal distribuído pelo país, e apresenta indicadores de qualidade mínimos para manutenção do seu funcionamento.

Abstract: Introduction: Medical education in Brazil is facing an important expansion process. This reality has been strongly influenced by educational programs and policies implemented mainly in the last few decades. Objective: The study aimed to provide an overview of the formation and evaluation of undergraduate medical courses in the national context. Method: A documentary and descriptive study was conducted, with a quantitative approach. Data was collected from the National Higher Education Assessment System of the Ministry of Education, made available by the Anísio Teixeira National Institute of Educational Studies and Research, the body that coordinates and manages data related to the regulation, evaluation and supervision processes of higher education in the federal education system. Twenty years of medical courses offered in Brazil (2000-2019) were analyzed. Results: In the period under study, the number of Medical Schools grew by 214.9%. In total, 337 active undergraduate medicine courses linked to public (35%) and private (65%) higher education institutions were analyzed, totaling 34,585 annual vacancies offered. The courses are distributed in the 27 Brazilian federative units, with a higher and lower concentration of places and Medical Schools in the Southeast and North regions, respectively. The national average number of vacancies/year was 1280.9 vacancies/year and the vacancy/inhabitants ratio was 16.5 vacancies/100 thousand inhabitants. Most of the courses obtained a grade three in the quality indicators proposed by the Ministry of Education. Conclusion: It was concluded that: i) the teaching of Medicine in Brazil has been going through an important expansion process, ii) that it is fundamentally private, iii) poorly distributed throughout the country, and iv) it presents minimum quality indicators for maintaining its operation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-5271v45.2-20200523 730 downloads

Evaluation of microbial contamination in multi-dose fluorescein eyedrops in a reference eye center
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Costa, Camila de Moraes

; Espósito, Kayo Pinheiro

; Florêncio, Victor Medeiros Brandão

; Aquino, Paulo Romero Leite

; Firmo, Elza Ferreira

; Costa, Iggor Macêdo do Amaral

; Rocha, Camilla

; Andrade, Camila Galvão de

; Oliveira-Júnior, Jorge Belém

; Ventura, Camila V.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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2021, N. ahead

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose: To analyze the presence of microorganisms in fluorescein eyedrops used in a reference eye center in Recife-PE. Methods: This real-life and masked study evaluated fluorescein eyedrops used at the Altino Ventura Foundation in May 2019. Cultures were performed according to exposure times; I) three eyedrop bottles were analyzed after one day of use, II) three eyedrop bottles after 4 d of use, III) three eyedrop bottles after 8 d of use, and IV) three unopened bottles used as control. Samples were collected from the bottle's tip, instilled drop, and residual fluid. After incubation, all colonies were analyzed and identified through biochemical tests. Results: The contamination rate of the fluorescein eyedrop bottles in this study was 55.5% (5/9 vials). There was no contamination in the control group. The highest contamination was seen in one day exposed eyedrops, in 100% of the bottles. The bottle's tip had a higher rate of contamination compared to the drop and residual fluid. Gram-positive bacteria were isolated in 7/27 (25.9%) samples. Growth of fungi or gram-negative bacteria was not observed. Conclusion: The identification of gram-positive bacteria predominantly on the tip of the fluorescein eyedrop bottles suggests inadequate handling as the main cause of contamination.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20210070 16 downloads

Recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology for the use of JAK inhibitors in the management of rheumatoid arthritis
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Bonfiglioli, Karina Rossi

; Mota, Licia Maria Henrique da

; Ribeiro, Ana Cristina de Medeiros

; Kakehasi, Adriana Maria

; Laurindo, Ieda Maria Magalhães

; Giorgi, Rina Dalva Neubarth

; Duarte, Angela Luzia Branco Pinto

; Reis, Ana Paula Monteiro Gomides

; Souza, Mariana Peixoto Guimarães Ubirajara e Silva de

; Brenol, Claiton Viegas

; Pinheiro, Geraldo da Rocha Castelar

; Albuquerque, Cleandro Pires de

; Castro, Charlles Heldan de Moura

; Pinto, Gustavo Luiz Behrens

; Verztman, Jose Fernando

; Muniz, Luciana Feitosa

; Bertolo, Manoel Barros

; Pinto, Maria Raquel da Costa

; Louzada Júnior, Paulo

; Cruz, Vitor Alves

; Pereira, Ivanio Alves

; Freitas, Max Vitor Carioca de

; Cruz, Bóris Afonso

; Paiva, Eduardo

; Monticielo, Odirlei

; Provenza, José Roberto

; Xavier, Ricardo Machado

Advances in Rheumatology

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2021, Volume 61 elocation 70

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and autoimmune systemic inflammatory disease that can cause irreversible joint deformities, with increased morbidity and mortality and a significant impact on the quality of life of the affected individual. The main objective of RA treatment is to achieve sustained clinical remission or low disease activity. However, up to 40% of patients do not respond to available treatments, including bDMARDs. New therapeutic targets for RA are emerging, such as Janus kinases (JAKs). These are essential for intracellular signaling (via JAK-STAT) in response to many cytokines involved in RA immunopathogenesis. JAK inhibitors (JAKi) have established themselves as a highly effective treatment, gaining increasing space in the therapeutic arsenal for the treatment of RA. The current recommendations aim to present a review of the main aspects related to the efficacy and safety of JAKis in RA patients, and to update the recommendations and treatment algorithm proposed by the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology in 2017.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-021-00228-x

10.

[SciELO Preprints] - A pessoa idosa domiciliada sob distanciamento social: possibilidades de enfrentamento à covid-19
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Lima, Kenio Costa de Nunes, Vilani Medeiros de Araújo Rocha, Nadja de Sá Pinto Dantas Rocha, Paulo de Medeiros Andrade, Ion de Uchoa, Severina Alice da Costa Cortez, Lyane Ramalho

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Publication date: 2020-05-07

Abstract: Pt

N/A

11.

[SciELO Preprints] - Older adults living under social distancing: possibilities for tackling Covid-19
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Lima, Kenio Costa de Nunes, Vilani Medeiros de Araújo Rocha, Nadja de Sá Pinto Dantas Rocha, Paulo de Medeiros Andrade, Ion de Uchoa, Severina Alice da Costa Cortez, Lyane Ramalho

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Publication date: 2020-05-07

Abstract: En

N/A

12.

Older adults living under social distancing: possibilities for tackling Covid-19
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Lima, Kenio Costa de

; Nunes, Vilani Medeiros de Araújo

; Rocha, Nadja de Sá Pinto Dantas

; Rocha, Paulo de Medeiros

; Andrade, Ion de

; Uchoa, Severina Alice da Costa

; Cortez, Lyane Ramalho

Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia

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2020, Volume 23 N. 2 elocation e200092

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562020023.200092 2534 downloads

13.

Dinâmica do desmatamento na Amazônia e seus impactos na hidrologia: bacia do Rio Machadinho - Rondônia / Brasil
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Souza, Vinicius Alexandre Sikora de

; Rotunno Filho, Otto Corrêa

; Moreira, Daniel Medeiros

; Rudke, Anderson Paulo

; Sá, Marcela Rocha Tortureli de

Ciência Florestal

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
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sep 2019, Volume 29 N. 3 Pages 1004 - 1018

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A bacia hidrográfica do rio Machadinho é um exemplo de ocupação desordenada presente na região amazônica, na qual foram desmatadas grandes áreas com consequente conversão da floresta em pastagens e em núcleos urbanos. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar os impactos na hidrologia (vazão, precipitação e evapotranspiração) da bacia do rio Machadinho diante de sua dinâmica de ocupação antrópica. Primeiramente, analisaram-se mudanças na cobertura da terra usando imagens do sensor Landsat 5-TM para os anos 1984, 1997 e 2011. A variável vazão foi avaliada quanto a sua sensibilidade mediante o emprego do modelo SWAT para determinar a descarga líquida fixando-se os padrões climáticos e variando-se os cenários históricos de cobertura da terra. A precipitação, obtida por meio de dados do CHIRPS para o período de 1981 a 2017, e a evapotranspiração, estimada via dados do SSEBop entre os anos de 2002 a 2017, foram tratadas como variáveis geoespaciais distribuídas na bacia, com tendências de comportamento de suas séries históricas aferidas por meio do teste Mann-Kendal. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a ocupação da bacia deu-se de maneira desordenada, cuja área com pastagem passou de 2,6% no ano de 1984 para 45,9% no ano de 2011, sendo a maior conversão observada na nascente do corpo hídrico principal, o que evidenciou uma maior produção de vazão pelo modelo SWAT, que adequadamente captou a variação dessa variável. Adicionalmente, observou-se tendência de redução pluviométrica nos meses mais chuvosos, enquanto detectou-se elevação da evapotranspiração nos meses mais quentes. Nesse sentido, é importante ressaltar que o desmatamento da região tende a reduzir a disponibilidade hídrica para a bacia.

Abstract The Machadinho river basin is an example of disorderly occupation present in the Amazon region, where large areas were deforested and consequently the forest was converted into pastures and urban centers. The present work has the objective of analyzing the impacts in hydrology (streamflows, precipitation and evapotranspiration) of the Machadinho river basin due to its dynamics of anthropic occupation. First, the land cover change was analyzed using Landsat 5-TM images for the years 1984, 1997 and 2011. The streamflow variable was evaluated for its sensitivity by using the SWAT model to determine net discharge by setting the weather patterns and by varying the historical land cover scenarios. The precipitation, obtained by data from the CHIRPS for the period from 1981 to 2017, and evapotranspiration, estimated by the SSEBop data between 2002 and 2017, were treated as distributed geospatial variables in the basin, with behavioral trends of their corresponding historical series measured by means of the Mann-Kendal test. The results showed that the occupation of the basin occurred in a disorderly way, where the pasture area increased from 2.6% in 1984 to 45.9% in 2011, with the highest conversion observed at the spring of the main water body, which accounted for a higher flow production by the SWAT model that adequately described the variable. In addition, trends of rainfall reduction were observed in wetter months, while trends of evapotranspiration elevation were detected in warmer months. Therefore, it is noteworthy to register that deforestation in the region tends to reduce water availability to the basin.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509835333 1163 downloads

14.

Biometric characteristics and canopy reflectance association for early-stage sugarcane biomass prediction
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Rocha, Murillo Grespan da

; Barros, Flávio Margarito Martins de

; Oliveira, Stanley Robson de Medeiros

; Amaral, Lucas Rios do

Scientia Agricola

Journal Metrics
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jul 2019, Volume 76 N. 4 Pages 274 - 280

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: Knowing the spatial variability of sugarcane biomass in the early stages of development may help growers in their management decision-making. Proximal canopy sensing is a promising technology that can identify this variability but is limited to quantifying plant-specific parameters. In this study, we evaluated whether biometric variables integrated with canopy reflectance data can assist in the generation of models for early-stage sugarcane biomass prediction. To substantiate this assertion, four sugarcane-producing fields were measured with an active crop canopy sensor and 30 sampling plots were selected for manually quantifying chlorophyll content, plant height, stalk number and aboveground biomass. We determined that Random Forest and Multiple Linear Regression models are similarly able to predict biomass, and that associating biometric variables such as number of stalks and plant height with reflectance data can assist model performance, depending on the attributes selected. This indicates that, when estimating biomass in the early stages, sugarcane growers can carry out site-specific management in order to increase yield and reduce the use of inputs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2017-0301 996 downloads

15.

Analysis of cervical cancer mortality rate trends in Natal-RN, Brazil, between 2000 and 2012
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Medeiros de Azevedo, Paulo R.

; Bezerra-Rocha, Joyce

; Araújo de Medeiros Fernandes, Thales A.

; Veríssimo-Fernandes, José

Revista de Salud Pública

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apr 2019, Volume 21 N. 2 Pages 161 - 167

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Objective To describe cervical cancer mortality rates and their corresponding trends, and to analyze the spatial correlations of this type of cancer in Natal-RN, Brazil, between 2000 and 2012. Materials and Methods The simple linear regression model, the empirical Bayes method and the Global Moran's index were used for the statistical analysis. Results The mortality coefficient of cervical cancer in Natal, standardized by age range, was 5.5 per 100 000 women. All historical series for the coefficients studied were classified as stable. The Global Moran's index obtained was 0.048, with a p-value for the spatial test correlation between neighborhoods of 0.300. The average family income by neighborhood showed no significant correlation to cervical cancer mortality rates. Conclusion This study found a temporal stabilization and spatial independence trend of cervical cancer mortality rates in women from Natal, as well as the absence of correlation between these rates and the average family income of the of the participating women distributed by neighborhoods. In view of this, changes in the public policies should be made aimed at preventing the disease; adopting these measures could positively impact the screening program, improving the coverage of Pap smears and immunization campaigns against HPV, in order to reverse this trend and achieve a reduction of mortality rates.

RESUMEN Objetivo Describir las tasas de mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino y sus tendencias, así como analizar las correlaciones espaciales de este tipo de cáncer en Natal-RN, Brasil, entre 2000 y 2012. Materiales y Métodos Para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron el modelo de regresión lineal simple, la estimación empírica de Bayes y el índice Moran Global. Resultados La tasa de mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino en Natal, estandarizado por rango de edad, fue 5.5 por cada 100 000 mujeres. Todas las series históricas para los coeficientes estudiados se clasificaron como estables. El índice Moran Global obtenido fue 0.048, con un valor p de 0.300 para la correlación de prueba espacial entre vecindarios. El ingreso familiar promedio por vecindario no mostró correlación significativa con las tasas de mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino. Conclusión En este estudio se observó una tendencia temporal de estabilización e independencia espacial de la tasa de mortalidad por cáncer cervical en mujeres de Natal, así como la ausencia de correlación entre estas tasas y el ingreso familiar promedio de las mujeres participantes, distribuidas por vecindarios de la ciudad. En vista de esto, se sugiere que se adopten cambios en las políticas públicas dirigidas a la prevención de la enfermedad que apunten a medidas que puedan tener un impacto positivo en el programa de monitoreo, mejorando la cobertura de la prueba de Papanicolaou, así como de las campañas de vacunación contra el VPH, con el objetivo de revertir esta tendencia y lograr una reducción en las tasas de mortalidad de la enfermedad.

https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v21n2.68893

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