Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and changes in lipoprotein. Literature data suggest that cholesterol associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDLc) plays a protective role against albuminuria and diabetic nephropathy. These factors are related with changes in serum apolipoproteins such Apo A-I. This work aims to evaluate the correlation of apolipoprotein A-I with renal function in diabetic outpatients. Samples were collected from 281 outpatients for analyses of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine (SCr), urea (BUN), cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDLc) and estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Urinary samples were obtained to assess urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR). Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) was calculated to estimate insulin resistance. The mean age was 61,5 ± 16,4 years. Most patients were female, Afro-Mestizo and over 50 years of age. Pearson's revealed negative correlation of creatinine with HDLc and Apo A-I. There was a correlation of eGFR with HbA1c, TG and HDLc. TyG presented a negative correlation with Apo A-I and HDLc. The highest quartiles of UACR presented the highest TyG and the lowest Apo A-I. In conclusion, Apo A-I indicated an association with insulin resistance and changes in renal function parameters, especially as a factor associated with the onset of albuminuria, with a better predictive potential than the HDLc.

Resumo Este artigo tenta responder acerca da influência dos domínios morais no consumo de notícias sobre alterações climáticas, especificamente jovens de Portugal e do Brasil. Para isso, foram recolhidos e analisados 21.338 tweets em português que comentavam notícias ambientais. Foi aplicado o Questionário de Fundamentos Morais em 265 jovens, para identificação de suas morais preponderantes e foram realizados grupos focais com 24 jovens de ambos países, para análise de notícias segundo os domínios morais. A principal referência teórica foi a Teoria dos Atributos Morais. Os resultados indicam que os domínios morais associados ao dano e ao cuidado são mais preponderantes, no entanto, o engajamento em notícias sobre alterações climáticas depende das justificações racionais dos indivíduos inquiridos.

Abstract This article questioned whether moral domains influence the consumption of news about climate change, specifically young people in Portugal and Brazil. For this, 21,338 tweets in Portuguese were collected that commented on environmental news; the Moral Foundations Questionnaire was applied to 265 young people to identify their predominant morals; and focus groups were carried out with young people from both countries, for analysis of news according to moral domains. The main theoretical reference was the Theory of Moral Attributes. Results indicate that harm and care are the predominant morals in the three stages of the investigation. However, engagement in climate change news depends on the rational justification of the accused individuals.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a validade de uma versão adaptada ao tema do ambiente do Questionário de Fundamentos Morais (QFM), e que assenta em cinco fundamentos morais na sua polaridade: dano/cuidado, justiça/reciprocidade, pertença/lealdade, autoridade/respeito e pureza/santidade. Um total de 179 pessoas participaram em todas as fases do processo. A partir da versão em português do Questionário de Fundamentos Morais (Silvino et al., 2016), e tendo também em consideração o Questionário do Observatório do Consumo Consciente (QOCC), de Loureiro et al. (2017), fez-se uma análise da adequação, para a língua portuguesa e para o tema do ambiente, assente em análises fatoriais. Concluiu-se que uma tipologia assente em dois fatores é a melhor forma de analisar o QFM. Um fator mais da ordem do individual e um segundo mais da ordem da coesão, o que está de acordo com a Teoria dos Fundamentos Morais (TFM) pois agrupa os fundamentos “dano” e “justiça” em relação aos restantes. Encontramos validade nos fundamentos de coesão e concluímos que o instrumento faz a distinção entre os padrões de moral individualizante e de ligação. Dano e cuidado surgem como os mais influentes e a sua carga fatorial corrobora a versão inglesa e original.

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the validity of a version of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire (MFQ), adapted to the subject of the environment, which was based on five moral foundations: harm/care, justice/reciprocity, belonging/loyalty, authority/respect and purity/holiness. A total of 179 people participated in all phases of the process. Based on the Portuguese version of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire (Silvino et al., 2016), and also taking into account the Conscious Consumption Observatory Questionnaire (CCOQ), by Loureiro et al. (2017), we included in this study an analysis of the adequacy, for Portuguese language and for the environmental topic, supported by factor analyses. It was concluded that a typology based on two factors is the best way to analyze the MFQ. The first factor more linked to the individual and the second one more associated with cohesion, which is in accordance with the Theory of Moral Foundations (TMF) as it groups the foundations “harm” and “justice” in relation to the rest. We found validity in the foundations of cohesion and concluded that the instrument distinguishes between individualizing and bonding moral standards. Damage and care appear as the most influential and their factorial load corroborates the English and original version.

Abstract The aim is to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia components and associations with socioeconomic variables in older persons living in rural areas in the state of Ceará, Brazil. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 274 older adults. Muscle mass was assessed using muscle mass index (MMI), measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and calf circumference. Muscle strength (MS) was assessed using the handgrip test. Physical performance was measured using the walk test to calculate gait speed (GS) and the timed up-and-go test. Probable sarcopenia was defined as the presence of low MS, while confirmed sarcopenia was defined as the presence of low MS and low MMI. Severe sarcopenia was defined as the presence of the latter two criteria and slow GS. We tested for associations between sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle habits and the components of sarcopenia. The logistic regression produced the following results: i) prevalence of low MS was higher among men, individuals aged >69 years, and in those not working at the time of the study; ii) the prevalence of low MMI was higher in individuals aged >69 years, those not living with a spouse, and those with an inadequate level of physical activity; iii) the prevalence of slow GS was higher in individuals aged >69 years, those who had lived in rural areas for less than 30 years, and those not working at the time of the study.

Resumo O objetivo é estimar prevalência de componentes da sarcopenia e associações com variáveis socioeconômicas em idosos de população rural do Ceará. Estudo transversal com 274 idosos. Massa muscular foi determinada por Índice de Massa Muscular (IMM) por bioimpedância elétrica e por circunferência da panturrilha; força muscular (FM) por teste de preensão palmar; e desempenho físico por testes da caminhada (VC) e Timed-up-and-go. Provável sarcopenia foi caracterizada por diminuição da FM, sarcopenia quando associada a diminuição do IMM, e sarcopenia grave quando estes dois foram acompanhados de baixa VC. Foram estimadas associações entre condições sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida e componentes da sarcopenia. Na regressão logística, foi observada frequência mais elevada: i) no sexo masculino, idade>69 anos, e nos que não trabalham, entre os idosos com FM diminuída; ii) com idade>69 anos, nos que não moram com o cônjuge, e nos que não praticam atividade física num nível adequado, entre os idosos com IMM diminuído; iii) com idade>69 anos, nos que residem na zona rural há menos que 30 anos, e nos que não trabalham, entre os idosos com VC diminuída.

Resumo Introdução: a primeira gravidez é envolvida por várias questões, entre essas às relacionadas a amamentação. Embora seja consenso que a amamentação traga vários benefícios para mãe, sobretudo para o bebé, alguns obstáculos podem surgir e interromper o processo de amamentação. Objetivo: buscou-se analisar as dificuldades na amamentação de primíparas no período puerperal. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, no qual foram aplicados questionários com perguntas abertas e fechadas às puérperas primíparas no cenário da atenção primária a saúde. Foram analisadas informações de nove pacientes, por meio da análise de conteúdo de Bardin, que estrutura a análise em três fases: 1) pré-análise, 2) exploração do material e 3) tratamento dos resultados. O estudo foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética de pesquisas com seres humanos. Resultados: foram identificadas quatro principais dificuldades referidas pelas puérperas: leite insuficiente, trauma mamilar, agarre incorreto e mamilo invertido. Considerações finais: o método de análise qualitativa foi essencial para identificar as dificuldades no processo de amamentação e, assim, permitir estratégias de promoção da saúde das lactantes de forma individualizada, compreendendo seus aspectos subjetivos.

Abstract Introduction: the first pregnancy is involved by several issues, including those related to breastfeeding. Although there is a consensus that breastfeeding brings many benefits to the mother, especially to the baby, some obstacles may arise and interrupt the breastfeeding process. Goals: It sought to analyze the breastfeeding difficulties of primiparous women in the puerperal period. Methodology: this is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach, in which questionnaires with open and closed questions were applied to primiparous puerperal women in the setting of primary health care. Information from nine patients was analyzed using Bardin's content analysis, which structures the analysis into three phases: 1) pre-analysis, 2) material exploration and 3) treatment of results. The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee; Results: four main difficulties reported by the mothers were identified: insufficient milk, nipple trauma, incorrect attachment and inverted nipple. Conclusions: The qualitative analysis method was essential to identify the difficulties in the breastfeeding process and, thus, allow strategies to promote the health of lactating women individually, understanding their subjective aspects.

Resumen El objetivo fue evaluar la calidad del henolaje del pasto Tanzania (Panicum maximum) con diferentes contenidos de materia seca y un almacenamiento de 90 días, a través de la composición química, cuantificación de gases, ácidos grasos volátiles, perfil microbiológico, estabilidad aeróbica, pH y nitrógeno amoniacal. El diseño experimental utilizado fue completamente al azar con cuatro tratamientos y cinco repeticiones. Los tratamientos consistían de cuatro contenidos de materia seca (MS) de la planta en el momento de la producción del henolaje del pasto Tanzania siendo: en materia fresca (sin deshidratación), 400, 500 y 600 g kg-1 de MS (deshidratados en pleno sol). El tratamiento con 600 g kg-1 de MS de la planta proporcionó la mayor estimación (p < 0,01) de MS en el henolaje con 581,6 ± 15,4 g/kg, y el mayor (p < 0,01) contenido de carbohidratos solubles con 45,4 ± 1,24 g/kg MS. Después de 90 días de almace namiento, el tratamiento en materia fresca presentó mayores (p < 0,01) cantidades de O2 en el interior de los fardos. En relación al CO2 los mayores índices fueron observados para los tratamientos con 500 y 600 g kg-1 de MS. También se observó el mayor (p < 0,01) contenido de ácido acético en los tratamientos materia fresca y con 500 y 600 g kg-1 de MS de la planta, con 36,4 ± 1,6, 38,2 ± 1,6 y 48,9 ± 1,6 g kg-1 de MS, respectivamente. Para el ácido butírico se obtuvo la mejor (p < 0,01) valoración de 27,0 ± 0,5 g kg-1 de MS en el tratamiento en materia fresca. El tratamiento con 600 g kg-1 de MS mostró mayor (p < 0,01) valor de pH en la hora cero con 6,36 ± 0,03. El tratamiento en materia fresca presentó mayor valor de N-NH3 en la hora cero de exposición al aire con 4,65 ± 0,12. El pasto Tanzania con 500 y 600 g kg-1 de MS, presenta el henolaje de mejor calidad.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the quality of Tanzania grass (Panicum maximum) haylage with varying contents of dry matter (DM) and stored for 90 days. The quality of this grass was evaluated through the lens of a variety of physiochemical properties (e.g., chemical composition, aerobic stability, pH, microbial profile, etc.). A completely randomized design was used with four treatments (in natura, 400, 500, and 600 g kg-1 DM) and five replicates. Treatment with 600 g kg-1 DM yielded the highest DM haylage (p < 0.01) and soluble carbohydrate content (p < 0.01). Treatment in natura resulted in the highest O2 concentration inside the bales (p < 0.01), whereas treatments with 500 and 600 g kg-1 DM resulted in the highest CO2 values. The highest acetic acid concentrations of 36.4 ± 1.6, 38.2±1.6, and 48.9 ± 1.6 g kg-1 DM (p < 0.01) were observed post the in natura, 500 g kg-1 DM, and 600 g kg-1 DM treatments, respectively. Treatment with 600 g kg-1 DM yielded the highest pH value at hour zero (p < 0.01). Tanzania grass with 500 and 600 g kg-1 DM produced the highest quality haylage.

Abstract Shear strength parallel to the fibers (f v0 ) is extremely important for the design of timber structures. Then, due to the lack of information related to a possible variation in the f v0 of hardwood species according to the load application plane in relation to its growth rings/rays, this work performed tests for the determination of f v0 according to NBR 7190-3 (ABNT, 2022b) varying load planes. Thereby, the load was applied on the longitudinal-tangential (LT) and longitudinal-radial (LR) planes of the species of caixeta (Simarouba amara) and roxinho (Peltogyne spp.). Through variance analysis (5% confidence), results did not point to statistical differences between f v0 values when the load plane was changed. Therefore, the f v0 of this species can be determined without significant risk of reduction according to ray/ring orientation. Furthermore, it was determined a ratio of f v0,k /f c0,k equal to 0.23 and 0.38 was determined for roxinho and caixeta, respectively. Thus, this result confirms the need for characterizing unfamiliar wood species when received on construction site, in order to save money and/or for safety reasons.

Resumo Aresistência ao cisalhamento paralelo às fibras (fv0) é de extrema importância no projeto de estruturas de madeira. Logo, devido à falta de informações a respeito de uma possível variação na fv0 de espécies folhosas de acordo com o plano de aplicação de carga em relação a seus anéis de crescimento/raios, este trabalho realizou ensaios para a determinação da fv0 de acordo com a NBR 7190-3 (ABNT, 2022b), variando-se planos de carga. O carregamento foi aplicado no plano longitudinal tangencial (LT) e longitudinal radial (LR) das espécies de caixeta (Simarouba amara) e roxinho (Peltogyne spp.). Por meio da análise de variância (5% de significância), os resultados não apontaram diferença estatística entre os valores da fv0 quando se variou o plano de carga. Portanto, a fv0 dessas espécies pode ser determinada sem que haja risco significativo de minoração de acordo com a disposição dos raios/anéis. Além disso, foi determinada uma relação de fv0,k/fc0,k igual a 0,23 e 0,38 para o roxinho e a caixeta, respectivamente. Assim, esse resultado corrobora a necessidade de se caracterizar a madeira de espécie pouco conhecida quando recebida na obra, de modo a gerar economia e/ou segurança.

Abstract Background Brain edema is the leading cause of death in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction. Midline shift (MLS) has been used as a monohemispheric brain edema marker in several studies; however, it does not precisely measure brain edema. It is now possible to directly measure hemisphere brain volume. Knowledge about the time course of brain edema after malignant middle cerebral artery infarction may contribute to the condition’s management. Objective Therefore, our goal was to evaluate the course of brain edema in patients with malignant MCA infarction treated with decompressive craniectomy (DC) using hemispheric volumetric measurements. Methods Patients were selected consecutively from a single tertiary hospital between 2013 and 2019. All patients were diagnosed with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction and underwent a decompressive craniectomy (DC) to treat the ischemic event. All computed tomography (CT) exams performed during the clinical care of these patients were analyzed, and the whole ischemic hemisphere volume was calculated for each CT scan. Results We analyzed 43 patients (197 CT exams). Patients’ mean age at DC was 51.72 [range: 42–68] years. The mean time between the ischemic ictus and DC was 41.88 (range: 6–77) hours. The mean time between the ischemic event and the peak of hemisphere volume was 168.84 (95% confidence interval [142.08, 195.59]) hours. Conclusion In conclusion, the peak of cerebral edema in malignant MCA infarction after DC occurred on the 7th day (168.84 h) after stroke symptoms onset. Further studies evaluating therapies for brain edema even after DC should be investigated.

Resumo Antecedentes O edema cerebral é a principal causa de morte em pacientes com infarto maligno de artéria cerebral média. O desvio da linha média tem sido utilizado como marcador de edema cerebral mono-hemisférico em alguns estudos; porém, ele não mede de forma precisa o edema cerebral. Atualmente é possível mensurar diretamente o volume do hemisfério cerebral. O conhecimento sobre a evolução temporal do edema cerebral após infartos malignos da artéria cerebral média pode contribuir para o cuidado clínico desta condição. Objetivo Nosso objetivo é avaliar o edema hemisférico ao longo do tempo, em pacientes com infarto maligno da artéria cerebral média, tratados com craniectomia descompressiva. Métodos Os pacientes foram selecionados de forma consecutiva, em um hospital terciário, entre 2013 e 2019. Todos os pacientes apresentavam diagnóstico de infarto maligno de artéria cerebral média e foram submetidos a craniectomia descompressiva. Todas as tomografias computadorizadas de crânio destes pacientes foram analizadas, e o volume do hemisfério cerebral infartado foi mensurado. Resultados Analisamos 43 pacientes (197 tomografias de crânio). A idade média dos pacientes na craniectomia descompressiva foi 51,72 (42–68) anos. O tempo médio entre o ictus e a craniectomia descompressiva foi 41,88 (6–77) horas. O tempo médio entre o ictus e o pico do volume hemisférico foi 168,84 (142,08–195,59) horas. Conclusão O pico do volume cerebral em pacientes com infarto maligno de artéria cerebral média submetidos a craniectomia descompressiva ocorreu no 7o dia (168,84 horas) após o infarto. Mais estudos avaliando terapêuticas direcionadas ao edema cerebral seriam úteis neste contexto.

Abstract Objective: To determinate the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) imaging assessed by deep neural networks for predicting the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) in patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study carried out at two hospitals in Brazil. We included CT scans from patients who were hospitalized due to severe acute respiratory syndrome and had COVID-19 confirmed by reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The training set consisted of chest CT examinations from 823 patients with COVID-19, of whom 93 required MV during hospitalization. We developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model based on convolutional neural networks. The performance of the AI model was evaluated by calculating its accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: For predicting the need for MV, the AI model had a sensitivity of 0.417 and a specificity of 0.860. The corresponding area under the ROC curve for the test set was 0.68. Conclusion: The high specificity of our AI model makes it able to reliably predict which patients will and will not need invasive ventilation. That makes this approach ideal for identifying high-risk patients and predicting the minimum number of ventilators and critical care beds that will be required.

Resumo Objetivo: Determinar a acurácia da tomografia computadorizada (TC), avaliada por redes neurais profundas, na ventilação mecânica, de pacientes hospitalizados por síndrome respiratória aguda grave por COVID-19. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de estudo de coorte retrospectivo, realizado em dois hospitais brasileiros. Foram incluídas TCs de pacientes hospitalizados por síndrome respiratória aguda grave e COVID-19 confirmada por RT-PCR. O treinamento consistiu em TC de tórax de 823 pacientes com COVID-19, dos quais 93 foram submetidos a ventilação mecânica na hospitalização. Nós desenvolvemos um modelo de inteligência artificial baseado em redes de convoluções neurais. A avaliação do desempenho do uso da inteligência artificial foi baseada no cálculo de acurácia, sensibilidade, especificidade e área sob a curva ROC. Resultados: A sensibilidade do modelo foi de 0,417 e a especificidade foi de 0,860. A área sob a curva ROC para o conjunto de teste foi de 0,68. Conclusão: Criamos um modelo de aprendizado de máquina com elevada especificidade, capaz de prever de forma confiável pacientes que não precisarão de ventilação mecânica. Isso significa que essa abordagem é ideal para prever com antecedência pacientes de alto risco e um número mínimo de equipamentos de ventilação e de leitos críticos.

Resumen Objetivo: describir las coberturas de la vacuna contra el papilomavirus humano en la Región Nordeste de Brasil y sus estados, de 2013 a 2021. Métodos: se trata de un estudio descriptivo realizado con datos de cobertura vacunal obtenidos del Programa Nacional de Immunizaciones, que establece la meta del 80% para la vacuna. Los datos de población se obtuvieron del Departamento de Informática del Ministerio de Salud. Resultados: la cobertura de vacunación en niñas fue del 73,9% en la primera y del 54,3% en la segunda dosis; en niños la cobertura de cada dosis fue del 49,7% y 32,6%; Ceará y Paraíba alcanzaron una cobertura superior al 80% para la primera dosis en niñas, y ningún estado alcanzó la meta para las dos dosis. Conclusiones: la cobertura de la vacuna está por debajo de la meta para ambos sexos, con excepción de la primera dosis en niñas en Ceará y Paraíba.

Abstract Objective: to describe human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage in the Northeast region of Brazil, in the period from 2013 to 2021. Methods: this was a descriptive study conducted with data obtained from the National Immunization Program, which sets a goal of 80% coverage of HPV vaccination in girls aged between 9 and 14 years and boys aged between 11 and 14 years. Results: HPV vaccination coverage in girls was 73.9%, regarding the first dose, and 54.3% regarding the second dose, and for boys, the coverage of each dose was 49.7% and 32.6%, respectively; with the exception of the states of Ceará and Paraíba, which reached coverage above 80% regarding the first dose in girls, none of the states reached the goal for both doses. Conclusions: between 2013 and 2021, HPV vaccination coverage was below the target for both sexes, with the exception of the states of Ceará and Paraíba, which reached the goal for the first dose in the girls.

Resumo Objetivo: descrever a cobertura da vacina contra papilomavírus humano (HPV) na região Nordeste do Brasil, no período de 2013 a 2021. Métodos: estudo descritivo conduzido com dados obtidos do Programa Nacional de Imunizações, que estabelece a meta de 80% para a vacina contra o HPV para meninas entre 9 e 14 anos e meninos entre 11 e 14 anos. Resultados: as coberturas para as meninas foram de 73,9%, na primeira, e de 54,3% na segunda dose, e para meninos, as coberturas de cada dose foram de 49,7% e 32,6%, respectivamente; excetuando-se Ceará e Paraíba, que alcançaram coberturas acima de 80% na primeira dose para as meninas, nenhum estado alcançou a meta para as duas doses. Conclusões: entre 2013 e 2021, as coberturas da vacina contra HPV estiveram abaixo da meta para ambos os sexos, com exceção de Ceará e Paraíba, que atingiram a meta para a primeira dose no grupo de meninas.

Abstract The aim is to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia components and associations with socioeconomic variables in older persons living in rural areas in the state of Ceará, Brazil. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 274 older adults. Muscle mass was assessed using muscle mass index (MMI), measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and calf circumference. Muscle strength (MS) was assessed using the handgrip test. Physical performance was measured using the walk test to calculate gait speed (GS) and the timed up-and-go test. Probable sarcopenia was defined as the presence of low MS, while confirmed sarcopenia was defined as the presence of low MS and low MMI. Severe sarcopenia was defined as the presence of the latter two criteria and slow GS. We tested for associations between sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle habits and the components of sarcopenia. The logistic regression produced the following results: i) prevalence of low MS was higher among men, individuals aged >69 years, and in those not working at the time of the study; ii) the prevalence of low MMI was higher in individuals aged >69 years, those not living with a spouse, and those with an inadequate level of physical activity; iii) the prevalence of slow GS was higher in individuals aged >69 years, those who had lived in rural areas for less than 30 years, and those not working at the time of the study.

Resumo O objetivo é estimar prevalência de componentes da sarcopenia e associações com variáveis socioeconômicas em idosos de população rural do Ceará. Estudo transversal com 274 idosos. Massa muscular foi determinada por Índice de Massa Muscular (IMM) por bioimpedância elétrica e por circunferência da panturrilha; força muscular (FM) por teste de preensão palmar; e desempenho físico por testes da caminhada (VC) e Timed-up-and-go. Provável sarcopenia foi caracterizada por diminuição da FM, sarcopenia quando associada a diminuição do IMM, e sarcopenia grave quando estes dois foram acompanhados de baixa VC. Foram estimadas associações entre condições sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida e componentes da sarcopenia. Na regressão logística, foi observada frequência mais elevada: i) no sexo masculino, idade>69 anos, e nos que não trabalham, entre os idosos com FM diminuída; ii) com idade>69 anos, nos que não moram com o cônjuge, e nos que não praticam atividade física num nível adequado, entre os idosos com IMM diminuído; iii) com idade>69 anos, nos que residem na zona rural há menos que 30 anos, e nos que não trabalham, entre os idosos com VC diminuída.

ABSTRACT. Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the main fruits consumed worldwide. However, finger drop, is a physiological disorder that causes many postharvest problems, which eventually reduces market value and consumer acceptance. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the anatomical changes that occur in the pedicel rupture area (drop zone) of bananas diploids (BB França) and tetraploid (BRS Pioneira) in three ripening stages. The levels of gene expression involved in the natural ripening process and in the development of finger drop, was also investigated. The accumulation of their mRNAs and those of expansin (EXP1), pectate lyase (PEL1) and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase protein (XTH4) genes already isolated from bananas were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in three ripening stages. BB França presented a higher resistance to finger drop due to the presence of some specific morphoanatomical characteristics, such as larger parenchymal cells and greater deposition of lignin. In contrast, there was degeneration of the pedicel parenchymal tissue of the BRS Pioneira genotype, forming large empty spaces during the ripening of the fruits, mainly in stage 6, which contributed to the finger drop. The diploid BB França is a strong candidate for use in banana breeding programs aimed at fruit drop resistance. This will certainly improve the quality of banana varieties. Moreover, PEL1 proved to be an excellent candidate gene for functional studies of finger drop in bananas.

Abstract This work aims to evaluate, at different stages, the productive performance, carcass quality, and intestinal biometry of European quails (Coturnix coturnix Coturnix), consuming diets with increasing levels of seaweed bran (Sargassum sp). A total of 240 European quail chicks (Coturnix coturnix Coturnix) were distributed in a completely randomized design, with four levels of bran inclusion (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5%), 6 replications with 10 birds in each experimental plot. In the period from 1 to 21 days, the feed intake of the control group was higher, with lower water consumption. In the period from 22 to 42 days, feed and water consumption increased with the inclusion of seaweed, but with a reduction in weight gain. In the total period, water consumption was higher at the level of 2.5 and 7.5%, with lower consumption in the control group, with a small reduction in slaughter and carcass weight with the inclusion of bran. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in carcass quality and intestinal biometry. We recommended the inclusion of up to 7.5% of sargassum meal in the diet of European quails at all stages, without compromising its productive performance, carcass quality, and intestinal biometry.

The objective of this work is to study the possibility of obtaining dense parts using water atomized AISI 316L steel powder in the L-PBF process. Despite its irregular, non-spherical, particle morphology, it has a significantly lower cost. 25 samples were produced varying the laser power and the scanning speeds to determine the optimal processing conditions. Additionally, hot isostatic pressing (HIP) was performed after the L-PBF process to further increase densification. Selected samples were subjected to microstructural characterization. The best densification results obtained were for the sample produced with the laser power of 173 W and scanning speed of 600 mm/s, where densifications close to 98% were obtained. HIP post-processing promoted increased densification of samples with closed porosity, allowing samples with densification above 95% to reach values close to 100%. HIP did not promote the closure of open pores. The results indicate that the use of water atomized AISI 316L in the L-PBF process combined with post-processing by HIP can produce dense engineering components and at the same time reduce the production costs of the manufactured components, mainly because it is a lower cost raw material when compared to the commonly used feedstock obtained by gas atomization.

ABSTRACT For sustainable groundwater management the rate of groundwater recharge and specific yield are both of the most important elements in the analysis and management of groundwater resources, and, sometimes, estimation of these parameters remains a challenge. This research presents a combining approach of the water-table fluctuation method (WTF) with an aquifer test to estimate both and quantify their uncertainty. The methodology requires at least three wells: two instrumented observation wells with a level sensor for long-term monitoring and a pump well located nearby for aquifer testing. The test interpretation was supported by the Aqtsolv Demo software obtaining the best fit with the method proposed by Tartakovsky-Neuman, with a specific yield varying, in 2σ, between 9.4% and 10.6%. Recharge was estimated with WTF, and the uncertainty in recharge is obtained by propagating the uncertainties about the specific yield (Bayesian inference) and the groundwater recession dynamics to the WTF. The uncertainty about recharge stems from uncertainty about the specific yield. The approach was applied on the campus of the Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil. Recharge was estimated at 1078.9 mm, from 03/sep/2020 to 30/sep/2021, with an associated uncertainty of 129.5 mm in 2σ, which equates to a range between 33.9 and 39.8% in terms of precipitation. Through the use of cost-effective instrumentation and interpretation methodology, replication of that approach can be encouraged to provide reliable estimates of recharge and specific yield in a site specific. Such condition can be useful to reduce the predictive uncertainty of groundwater management.

RESUMO Para a gestão sustentável das águas subterrâneas, a recarga das águas subterrâneas e o rendimento específico são parâmetros importantes na análise e gestão dos recursos hídricos subterrâneos, e, por vezes, a estimativa destes parâmetros continua a ser um desafio. No presente trabalho, apresenta-se uma combinação de um teste de aquífero com a aplicação do método da variação dos níveis da água (da sigla em inglês WTF) para estimar esses parâmetros e quantificar sua incerteza. A abordagem requer, ao menos, três poços: dois poços de observação instrumentados com sensor de nível para monitoramento de longo prazo e um poço de bombeamento, localizado nas proximidades, para o teste do aquífero. A interpretação do teste foi apoiada pelo software Aqtsolv Demo, obtendo o melhor ajuste com o método proposto por Tartakovsky-Neuman, com um rendimento específico variando em 2σ, entre 9,4 e 10,6%. A recarga da água subterrânea foi estimada pelo método WTF. A incerteza na recarga das águas subterrâneas é obtida pela propagação das incertezas sobre o rendimento específico (inferência bayesiana) e a dinâmica de recessão das águas subterrâneas para o WTF. A maior parte da incerteza sobre a recarga das águas subterrâneas está associada ao rendimento específico. A abordagem foi aplicada no campus da Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém-PA, Brasil. A recarga da água subterrânea foi estimada em 1.078,9 mm, entre 03/set/2020 e 30/set/2021, com uma incerteza associada de 129,5 mm em 2σ, o que equivale a faixa entre 33,9 e 39,8% em relação a precipitação. Pelo uso de instrumentação de custo reduzido e métodos consagrados de interpretação, a replicação de tal abordagem conjunta pode ser encorajada para fornecer estimativas confiáveis de rendimento específico e recarga de água subterrânea em uma região de interesse. Tal condição pode ser útil para reduzir a incerteza preditiva na gestão das águas subterrâneas.