ABSTRACT Objective: To map the strategies used by health professionals to promote knowledge translation in Primary Health Care and to identify barriers and facilitators for the use of scientific evidence. Method: Scoping review with search in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, and gray literature, in April 2022, using the terms “translational medical research”, “knowledge translation”, “primary health care”. The PRISMA-ScR was used to report the review. Results: 56 studies included. Several strategies were identified and grouped into: educational material, training, websites, educational outreach, knowledge translation networks, local facilitators, feedback and public promotion. High demand for services and content without practical information represented barriers, while assessing the context, involving stakeholders and the presence of local facilitators ease theuse of evidence. Conclusion: The most used strategies were educational material and training. Overcoming barriers is essential to bridging the gap between evidence and practice.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Mapear las estrategias utilizadas por los profesionales de la salud para promover la traducción del conocimiento en la Atención Primaria de Salud e identificar barreras y facilitadores para el uso de la evidencia científica. Método: Scopingreview con búsqueda en PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS y literatura gris, en abril de 2022, utilizando los términos “translational medical research”, “knowledge translation”, “primary health care”. PRISMA-ScR se utilizó para informar la revisión. Resultados: Se incluyeron 56 estudios. Se identificaron varias estrategias y se agruparon en: material educativo, capacitación, sitios web, extensión educativa, redes de traducción del conocimiento, facilitadores locales, retroalimentación y promoción pública. La alta demanda de servicios y contenidos sin información práctica representó barreras, mientras que la evaluación del contexto, la participación de todos los actores y la presencia de facilitadores locales facilitan el uso de la evidencia científica. Conclusión: Las estrategias más utilizadas fueron el material educativo y la capacitación. Superar las barreras es esencial para cerrar la brecha entre la evidencia y la práctica.

RESUMO Objetivo: Mapear as estratégias utilizadas pelos profissionais de saúde para promover a translação do conhecimento na Atenção Primária à Saúde e identificar barreiras e facilitadores para o uso de evidências científicas. Método: Scopingreview com busca no PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS e literatura cinzenta, em abril de 2022, baseado nos termos “translational medical research”, “knowledge translation”,“primary health care”.Utilizou PRISMA-ScR para relato da revisão. Resultados: 56 estudos incluídos. Diversas estratégias foram identificadas e agrupadas em: material educacional, capacitação, websites, extensão educacional, redes de translação do conhecimento, facilitadores locais, feedback e promoção pública.Alta demanda por atendimentos e conteúdos sem informações práticas representaram barreiras, enquanto, avaliar o contexto, envolver as partes interessadas e presença de facilitadores locais facilitam a utilização de evidências. Conclusão: As estratégias mais utilizadas foram material educacional e capacitação. Superar as barreiras é essencial para minimizar a lacuna entre as evidências e prática.

Abstract To the moment, there is no ideal substance for home-based denture disinfection. This study assessed in vitro the antimicrobial effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Eugenia uniflora and the effect on the physical properties of denture polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella oxytoca were isolated from samples of saliva collected from denture wearers. The extracts were produced in three concentrations, according to the Brazilian Pharmacopeia. One hundred eighty-eight disc-shaped specimens of thermopolymerizable PMMA were prepared and randomly allocated to five treatment groups: sterile saline solution (0.85%; control); chlorhexidine digluconate (0.2%); and hydroalcoholic extract of E. uniflora (0.2%, 0.8%, and 1.16%). The specimens were disinfected for 8 hours/day for 30 days. Adherence of microorganisms to the surface, PMMA surface roughness, and color stability were assessed. Inferential statistics were performed with one- and two-way ANOVA/Tukey test, and Kruskal Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, and paired t-tests, at α=0.05. The extract of E. uniflora at 0.2% and 1.16% reduced the microbial load of K. oxytoca, while chlorhexidine digluconate significantly reduced microbial load of all microrganisms. Microbial adherence at day 10 was reduced by all experimental substances (p<0.001). Surface roughness was not affected by the disinfecting substances (p>0.05). Nevertheless, all experimental groups produced unacceptable color change at the end of the disinfection protocol (p<0.001). The non-adherent potential against microorganisms isolated from the oral cavity confirm the potential of use of the hydroalcoholic extract of E. uniflora as a denture disinfectant. Yet, unacceptable color changes may occur, regardless of extract concentration.

Abstract Natural products, especially phytochemicals, have been extensively studies and have exhibited important antiproliferative effects. The American native species Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. ex Wedd. (Urticaceae) is widely distributed in Brazil, where it is known as urtiga-vermelha or urtigão. The leaves are popularly used as anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic and in the treatment of gastric disorders. However, the antiproliferative potential of this plant against human tumor cells remain to be elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the antiproliferative effects of U. baccifera leaves extracts and fractions against a panel of human tumor cell lines in vitro besides a chemical evaluation of the most active sample by mass spectrometry (ESI-IT-MSn). The hydroalcoholic extract was inactive while dichloromethane extract showed moderate cytostatic activity against ovarian carcinoma cell line (OVCAR-3, GI50 = 1.5 μg/mL). More, the ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions did not show important activity against tumour cell while the dichloromethane and hexane fractions showed moderate cytostatic activity against ovarian tumor cell line (OVCAR-3, GI50 = 12.7 and 9.4 μg/mL, respectively). Finally, the chemical profile evaluated by mass spectrometry (ESI-IT-MSn) allowed the detection of flavonoids in the HEU and hydroxylated fatty acid in DEU that can explain partially the biological effects observed. This is the first report of the antiproliferative effects of U. baccifera, and DEU has shown potential as a promising source of bioactive compounds.

Resumo Introdução Programas de convívio e interação social tem melhorado vários aspectos da qualidade de vida de idosos. Objetivo Este estudo observacional avaliou a saúde bucal e a percepção de saúde bucal de participantes de um programa de convívio de idosos em Santa Catarina, Brasil. Material e método Duzentos e trinta e cinco participantes do programa Cidade do Idoso foram examinados/entrevistados por estudantes calibrados. O exame bucal considerou: índice de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (CPO-D), Índice Periodontal Comunitário (IPC), índice de Perda de Inserção Periodontal (PIP), uso e necessidade de prótese e presença de lesões de mucosa bucal. A percepção de saúde bucal foi verificada pelo Índice de Avaliação de Saúde Bucal Geriátrica (GOHAI). Os dados foram analisados com estatística descritiva e teste qui-quadrado (α=0,05). Resultado O CPO-D médio foi de 24,3 dentes, com ênfase à categoria ‘perdidos’. Necessidade de prótese superior e inferior correspondeu a 53,6 e 71,1%, respectivamente; 55% apresentaram lesões de mucosa bucal. Uma percepção de saúde bucal moderada prevaleceu (43%), com um escore médio do GOHAI de 29,9. Uma percepção negativa nas dimensões física e dor/desconforto foi estatisticamente associada com a necessidade de prótese inferior (p<0,05). Conclusão Os participantes do programa Cidade do Idoso apresentaram uma saúde bucal precária e uma percepção de saúde bucal predominantemente moderada. A necessidade de prótese inferior foi associada a uma percepção negativa de saúde bucal.

Abstract Introduction Cohabitation and social interaction programs have been shown to enhance several aspects of the quality of life of the elderly. Objective This observational study assessed the oral health and oral health perception of participants of an elderly cohabitation program in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Material and method Calibrated dental students examined/interviewed 235 participants of the program. The oral examination considered Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, Community Periodontal Index (CPI), Periodontal Attachment Loss (PAL), use and need of prostheses, and presence of oral mucosal lesions. Oral health perception was verified with the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) questionnaire. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and chi-square test (α=0.05). Result The mean DMFT index was 24.3 teeth, with emphasis on the ‘Missing’ category. Upper and lower prosthetic needs were 53.6 and 71.1%, respectively. Fifty-five per cent of participants presented oral mucosal lesions. Moderate oral health perception prevailed (43%), with mean GOHAI score of 29.9. The negative perception on physical and pain/discomfort dimensions was statistically associated with lower prosthetic need (p<0.05). Conclusion The participants of the cohabitation program presented poor oral health and prevalence of moderate oral health perception. Lower prosthetic need was associated with negative perception.

Resumo Introdução Parâmetros objetivos podem auxiliar a decisão de como lidar com restaurações existentes em pacientes. Objetivo Este estudo testou as hipóteses que seguem: i) o ensino de critérios objetivos a estudantes de odontologia melhora sua crítica acerca da indicação para substituição de restaurações; e ii) uma abordagem prática complementar aumenta a proporção de tratamentos indicados corretamente comparada com uma abordagem estritamente teórica. Método Este ensaio randomizado em bloco controlado envolveu estudantes de odontologia de uma universidade brasileira que foram randomizados para um grupo que recebeu uma aula teórica (A, controle) ou uma aula teórica seguida por um treinamento prático (grupo B); ambas as intervenções foram aplicadas em um ambiente moodle . A proporção de restaurações indicadas corretamente antes e depois do ensino dos critérios foi comparada com o teste U de Mann-Whitney (p<0,05), e a comparação entre as intervenções foi estabelecida com o teste de Wilcoxon (p<0,05). Resultado A proporção de indicações corretas aumentou significativamente após as intervenções para ambos os grupos (p=0,02), sem diferença significativa entre as intervenções (p=0,871). Conclusão O treinamento online proposto aumentou a proporção de indicações corretas às restaurações, confirmando a primeira hipótese do estudo. A segunda hipótese foi rejeitada visto que as diferenças entre as intervenções não tiveram efeito na proporção de respostas corretas. O foco no ensino de parâmetros objetivos para avaliação da qualidade das restaurações pode aumentar a habilidade dos estudantes de tratá-las corretamente.

Abstract Introduction Objective parameters may help the decision of how to manage existing dental restorations in patients. Objective This study tested the following hypotheses: i) teaching objective criteria to dental students enhances their criticism toward the indication for replacement of dental restorations; and ii) a complementary practical approach enhances the proportion of correctly indicated treatments compared with a strictly theoretical approach. Method This block-randomized controlled trial involved dental students from a Brazilian university who were randomized to either a didactic/theoretical class group (A, control) or a didactic/theoretical class followed by practical training (group B); both conditions were applied in a moodle-based environment. The proportion of correctly indicated interventions before and after teaching the criteria was compared with using Mann–Whitney U-test (p<0.05), and a comparison between the approaches was established with Wilcoxon test (p<0.05). Result The baseline proportion of correct assignments significantly increased after interventions for both groups (p=0.02), with no significant difference between the interventions (p=0.871). Conclusion The proposed online training enhanced the proportion of correct assignments to restorations, confirming the first study hypothesis. The second hypothesis was rejected because differences between the strategies had no effect on the proportion of correct answers. Focusing on teaching objective criteria for assessment of the quality of restorations would enhance students’ ability to correctly treat them.

Resumo Objetivo: conhecer as ações de Saúde do Trabalhador desenvolvidas nos centros de saúde da Atenção Primária do município de Chapecó (SC) e verificar se elas estão incorporadas às rotinas dos serviços de saúde da Atenção Primária. Métodos: estudo descritivo com enfoque qualitativo, com utilização de entrevista semiestruturada e técnica de análise de conteúdo. Foram entrevistados dez sujeitos, com funções de coordenadores e de recepcionistas, de quatro Centros de Saúde urbanos e um rural, em 2014. Resultados: os entrevistados revelaram que, entre as diversas ações em Saúde do Trabalhador preconizadas pelo Ministério da Saúde, apenas as notificações de agravos relacionados ao trabalho (acidentes de trabalho e doenças ocupacionais) são realizadas. Conclusões: Mediante agendamento, as rotinas de trabalho na Atenção Primária estão centradas em atendimentos ao usuário e as ações desenvolvidas nos centros de saúde contemplam apenas os Programas de Saúde básicos. Entre as dificuldades enfrentadas para a realização de ações em Saúde do Trabalhador, o pouco conhecimento a respeito do tema se converte em um forte argumento para justificar a própria ausência dessas ações.

Abstract Objective: to be acquainted with the Worker's Health actions carried out at Primary Care Health Centers in Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil, and to verify if they are incorporated into the routines of the Primary Care Health services. Methods: descriptive qualitative study using semi-structured interview and content analysis. Ten individuals, coordinators and receptionists, from urban and rural Health Centers, were interviewed in 2014. Results: the interviewees reported that, among the Worker's Health actions advocated by the Ministry of Health, the centers only carried out the notifications on work-related injuries (work accidents and occupational diseases). Conclusions: the Primary Care Health Centers' routines are focused on attending to users, and contemplate only basic Health Programs. The scarce knowledge on occupational health becomes a strong argument to explain the very lack of Workers' Health actions.

Surface sealants have been suggested as final glaze of the surface of composite restorations. However, little is known about bulk and surface properties of these materials aiming the long-term preservation of the surface integrity of these restorations. AIM: To evaluate the water sorption, solubility and surface roughness of commercial surface sealants for restorations. METHODS: Five disc-shaped specimens 15 mm diameter X 1 mm high were made from the surface sealants Natural Glaze DFL and Permaseal Ultradent and were light cured according to the manufacturer's instructions. The specimens were finished with 1500-grit SiC paper. Water sorption WS and solubility SL were assessed as recommended by the ISO 4049/2000 and were expressed in µg/mm3. Surface roughness was evaluated before and after WS and SL, and was expressed in µm as R1 before WS and SL and R2 after WS and SL. It was obtained from three parallel measurements along a 4mm length. Data were analyzed using t-test and paired t-test α=0.05. RESULTS: Water sorption and solubility of Natural Glaze were significantly lower than that of Permaseal p<0.05. Degradation of the surface sealants did not affect significantly their surface roughness p>0.05. CONCLUSIONS: Surface sealants used in composite restorations undergo hydrolytic degradation; however, this degradation seems not to interfere on surface roughness of these materials.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the gingival marginal seal in class II composite restorations using different restorative techniques. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Class II box cavities were prepared in both proximal faces of 32 sound human third molars with gingival margins located in either enamel or dentin/cementum. Restorations were performed as follows: G1 (control): composite, conventional light curing technique; G2: composite, soft-start technique; G3: amalgam/composite association (amalcomp); and G4: resin-modified glass ionomer cement/composite, open sandwich technique. The restored specimens were thermocycled. Epoxy resin replicas were made and coated for scanning electron microscopy examination. For microleakage evaluation, teeth were coated with nail polish and immersed in dye solution. Teeth were cut in 3 slices and dye penetration was recorded (mm), digitized and analyzed with Image Tool software. Microleakage data were analyzed statistically by non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS: Leakage in enamel was lower than in dentin (p<0.001). G2 exhibited the lowest leakage values (p<0.05) in enamel margins, with no differences between the other groups. In dentin margins, groups G1 and G2 had similar behavior and both showed less leakage (p<0.05) than groups G3 and G4. SEM micrographs revealed different marginal adaptation patterns for the different techniques and for the different substrates. CONCLUSION: The soft-start technique showed no leakage in enamel margins and produced similar values to those of the conventional (control) technique for dentin margins.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar se o conteúdo inorgânico exerce influência na resistência à flexão e no módulo de elasticidade de compósitos restauradores. Para determinar a resistência à flexão e o módulo de elasticidade foi realizado o teste de resistência à flexão por três pontos. Doze espécimes em formato de barra de cinco compósitos disponíveis comercialmente - Supreme (3M/ESPE), compósito universal nanoparticulado; Esthet-X (Dentsply), Z-250 (3M/ESPE), Charisma (Heraeus Kulzer), compósitos universais híbridos; e Helio Fill (Vigodent), compósito microparticulado - foram confeccionados conforme as especificações da ISO 4049/2000. Após 7 dias de armazenagem em água o teste foi realizado em uma máquina de ensaio universal com velocidade de carga de 1 mm/min. A avaliação do peso do conteúdo inorgânico foi determinada através da incineração da fase orgânica. Os dados obtidos referentes às propriedades mecânicas foram então submetidos à Análise de Variância e ao teste Tukey (p < 0,05). Para se determinar a correlação entre o conteúdo inorgânico e as propriedades mecânicas foi realizado o teste de correlação de Pearson. Uma fraca, porém significante correlação entre as propriedades mecânicas avaliadas e o peso do conteúdo inorgânico foi observada (p < 0,000). O compósito microparticulado apresentou menor conteúdo inorgânico e propriedades mecânicas mais baixas. Também foram observados valores de resistência à flexão e módulo de elasticidade estatisticamente diferentes entre os compósitos híbridos. O compósito nanoparticulado apresentou valores intermediários. Dentro das limitações deste estudo in vitro, pode-se concluir que o conteúdo inorgânico interfere significantemente na resistência à flexão e no módulo de elasticidade dos compósitos testados.

The aim of the study was to test whether the filler composition of resin composites influences their flexural strength and modulus of elasticity. Flexural strength and modulus of elasticity were obtained through a three-point bending test. Twelve bar shaped specimens of 5 commercially available composites - Supreme (3M/ESPE), a universal nanofilled composite; Esthet-X (Dentsply), Z-250 (3M/ESPE), Charisma (Heraeus Kulzer), universal hybrid composites; and Helio Fill (Vigodent), a microfine composite - were confectioned according to the ISO 4049/2000 specifications. The test was performed after a 7-days storage time using a universal test machine with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The filler weight content was determined by the ashing technique. The data obtained on the mechanical properties were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test (p < 0.05). Pearson's correlation test was used to determine the correlation between the filler content and the mechanical properties. A weak but significant correlation between the mechanical properties evaluated and the filler weight content was observed (p < 0.000). The microfine composite presented the lowest filler weight and the lowest mechanical properties. Statistically different flexural strength and modulus of elasticity results were observed among the universal hybrid composites. The nanofilled composite presented intermediary results. Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it could be concluded that the filler content significantly interfered in the flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of the composites tested.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o estresse de contração de três resinas compostas sob diferentes métodos de fotoativação: fotoativação convencional halógena (G1), fotoativação "soft-start" halógena (G2) e fotoativação por LED (G3). As resinas compostas testadas foram a Filtek Z-100 (3M/ESPE), Filtek Z-250 (3M/ESPE) e Solitaire 2 (Heraeus Kulzer). Para G1, um aparelho fotoativador XL-3000 (3M/ESPE) com intensidade de 507 mW/cm² foi empregado. Em G2, o mesmo aparelho foi utilizado, mas com a intensidade reduzida nos primeiros 20 s (166 mW/cm²); em G3 foi utilizado um fotoativador LED Ultrablue I (DMC) com intensidade de 125 mW/cm². O teste foi realizado com uma máquina de ensaio universal DL 2000 (EMIC) e duas matrizes metálicas com um espaço de 1 mm entre elas. A resina composta foi inserida no espaço entre as matrizes e fotopolimerizada de acordo com o protocolo supracitado. O estresse foi registrado nos diferentes períodos de tempo: 10, 20, 40, 60, 90 e 120 s. Um aumento linear significante do estresse de contração em relação ao tempo foi observado, exceto para a Z-100 em G2. No geral, a fotoativação por LED (G3) reduziu o estresse gerado em comparação com a fotoativação convencional halógena (G1). Em G3, a resina com co-iniciador na sua composição apresentou menor estresse em comparação com as outras resinas testadas. A combinação entre resina composta e o método de fotoativação produziu diferentes padrões de comportamento do estresse. A polimerização com LED reduziu o estresse de contração inicial nos três materiais e foi influenciada pela presença de co-iniciadores nas resinas compostas.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the shrinkage stress of three composites under different polymerization methods: halogen conventional polymerization (G1), halogen "soft-start" polymerization (G2) and LED polymerization (G3). The composites tested were Filtek Z-100 (3M/ESPE), Filtek Z-250 (3M/ESPE) and Solitaire 2 (Heraeus Kulzer). For G1, an XL-3000 (3M/ESPE) curing unit with light intensity of 507 mW/cm² was employed. In G2, the same light unit was used, but with a reduced light intensity in the first 20 s (166 mW/cm²). In G3, an Ultrablue I (DMC) LED curing unit with light intensity of 125 mW/cm² was used. The test was performed with a DL 2000 (EMIC) universal testing machine and two metallic molds with a 1 mm space between them. The composites were inserted in the space between the molds and light cured according to the protocols mentioned above. Stress was registered in different periods of time: 10, 20, 40, 60, 90 and 120 s. A significant linear increase of the shrinkage stress over time was observed, except for Z-100 in G2. Generally, LED polymerization (G3) reduced the generated stress when compared to conventional halogen polymerization (G1). In G3, the composite with the additional co-initiatior presented lower stress when compared to the other composites tested. The combination between composite and polymerization method produced different patterns of stress behavior. LED polymerization reduced the initial shrinkage stress of the three materials and was influenced by the presence of co-initiators in the composites.