Abstract Purpose: To investigate if the inorganic bovine bone matrix changes the bone formation in rats submitted to inhalation of cigarette smoke. Methods: Twenty Wistar rats were divided into two groups: Cigarette Clot Group (CCG), which in the inhalation chamber received the smoke of 10 cigarettes, 3 times a day, 10 minutes, for 30 days and had the surgical cavity filled by clot; Cigarette Biomaterial Group (CBG), submitted to the same inhalation technique but with the cavity filled by biomaterial. Results: In CCG there was a significant difference of new bone tissue in the analyzed periods (15 and 45 days), and in 15 days, there was 4.8 ± 0.42 of bone formed and 11.73 ± 0.59 (p <0.05) in 45 days. The CBG also showed a significant difference between the periods of 15 to 45 days, being respectively 6.16 ± 0.30 and 11.60 ± 0.61. However, when the groups were compared, within the same analyzed periods, a significant difference was observed only in the period of 15 days, with the new bone percentage being greater in the CBG. Conclusion: The bone matrix acted as an osteoinductive biomaterial, biocompatible and aided in the repair process, mainly in the initial period of recovery.

Abstract Purpose: To evaluated the tubulization technique with standard and inside-out vein, filled or not with platelet-rich plasma (PRP), in sciatic nerve repair. Methods: Seventy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: IOVNF (Inside-Out Vein with No Filling); IOVPRP (Inside-Out Vein filled with PRP); SVNF (Standard Vein with No Filling); SVPRP (Standard Vein filled with PRP); Sham (Control). The left external jugular vein was used as graft in a 10 mm nervous gap. Results: In the morphological analysis of all groups, myelinated nerve fibers with evident myelin sheath, neoformation of the epineurium and perineurium, organization of intraneural fascicles and blood vessels were observed. In the morphometry of the distal stump fibers, SVPRP group had the highest means regarding fiber diameter (3.63±0.42 μm), axon diameter (2.37±0.31 μm) and myelin sheath area (11.70±0.84 μm2). IOVPRP group had the highest means regarding axon area (4.39±1.16 μm2) and myelin sheath thickness (0.80±0.19 μm). As for values of the fiber area, IOVNF group shows highest means (15.54±0.67 μm2), but are still lower than the values of the Sham group. Conclusion: The graft filled with platelet-rich plasma, with use standard (SVPRP) or inside-out vein (IOVPRP), promoted the improvement in axonal regeneration on sciatic nerve injury.

Extended excessive alcohol use causes changes in bone tissue, thus affecting osteogenesis. The objective of this study was to evaluate if demineralized bone matrix (Gen-ox®) associated with bone morphogenetic protein (Gen-pro®) changes bone neoformation in rats submitted to experimental alcoholism. Forty male rats (Rattus norvegicus) were separated into 2 groups of 20 animals each: Group E1, which received ethyl alcohol at 25% and had the surgical cavity filled in only with blood clot; and Group E2, which received ethyl alcohol at 25% and had the surgical cavity filled in with demineralized bovine cortical bone associated with bone morphogenetic protein. The animals were submitted to a three-week period of gradual adaptation to alcohol, and then continued receiving alcohol at 25% for 90 days, when the surgical cavity was made. After the surgery, the animals continued consuming alcohol until reaching the sacrifice periods of 10, 20, 40, and 60 days, when the tibias were removed for histological processing. Results showed that surgical cavity repair and bone marrow reorganization occurred faster in Group E1 than in Group E2. At the end of the experiment, it was observed that animals in Group E2 had thick bony trabeculae surrounding the implanted material particles and a small area of connective tissue in the surface region. In conclusion, the implanted material did not accelerate bone neoformation, rather it served as a structure for osteogenesis.

El abuso prolongado del alcohol produce alteraciones en el tejido óseo, interfiriendo en el proceso de la osteogénesis. El estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar si la matriz ósea bovina desmineralizada (Gen-ox®) asociada a la proteína morfogenética ósea (Gen-pro®) altera la neoformación ósea en ratones sometidos a alcoholismo experimental. Fueron utilizados 40 ratones machos (Rattus norvegicus), separados en dos grupos de 20 animales cada uno: Grupo E1, que recibió alcohol etílico a 25% con cavidad quirúrgica rellenada solamente por coágulo sanguíneo, y Grupo E2, que recibió sólo alcohol etílico a 25% con cavidad quirúrgica rellenada con hueso bovino desmineralizado cortical asociado a proteína morfogenética ósea. Después de 3 semanas de adaptación gradual al alcohol, los animales continuaron recibiéndolo en concentración de 25% por 90 días, cuando fue realizada la cavidad quirúrgica. Luego de la cirugía, los animales continuaron la ingestión alcohólica hasta los períodos de sacrificio de 10, 20, 40 y 60 días, cuando las tibias fueron removidas para su procesamiento histológico. Los resultados mostraron que en el Grupo E1 hubo reparación de la cavidad quirúrgica y reorganización de la médula ósea en un menor lapso temporal que en el Grupo E2. En el período final del experimento, se observó en los animales del Grupo E2 la presencia de trabéculas óseas espesas alrededor de las partículas de material implantado y pequeña área de tejido conjuntivo en la región superficial. Se puede concluir en que el material implantado no aceleró el proceso de neoformación ósea, sirviendo como estructura de base para generar osteogénesis.