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Abstract The use of computational simulation techniques is an important tool for the coffee harvesting issues, particularly the finite element method. The method is widely used in the structural analysis of agricultural machinery, as well as in the analysis of the stresses and vibrations of coffee branches and peduncles during the harvesting process. The present study aimed to develop three-dimensional finite element models of the plagiotropic branches of the Catuaí Vermelho variety of Arabica coffee in different positions along the orthotropic branches of the plant; considering high-fidelity models. Additionally, by considering the branches’ experimental properties (physical-mechanical), the natural frequencies and vibration modes of the branches were determined by means of computer simulations. First, the geometric properties of the coffee branches were obtained by means of two images taken using a professional camera to obtain the input data of the virtual simulation. For the mechanical properties, it was used a semi-analytical digital scale, to obtain the mass of the specimens. The modulus of elasticity was determined using a universal testing machine. The variability in the simulated natural frequencies could be identified, which was on the order of 30% for the first frequency, regardless of the position of the branch in the plant. These values were lower for the other frequencies. Linear regression fits showed a coefficient of determination, and correlation tests were used to verify the relationship between the values obtained numerically and experimentally, which were validated by using experimental data using the modal analysis techniques.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2024220331

Torque muscular isométrico en niñas, niños, y adolescentes chilenos evaluado mediante dinamometría de mantención manual: un estudio de confiabilidad
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Jorquera-Cáceres, Ivonne

; Vega-Arriagada, Danayra

; Núñez-González, Dannae

; Guzmán-Muñoz, Eduardo

; Castillo-Retamal, Marcelo

; Yuing-Farias, Tuillang

; Berral de la Rosa, Francisco José

; Mendez-Rebolledo, Guillermo

Andes pediatrica

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2024, N. ahead

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen: La medición del torque muscular isométrico con dinamometría de mantención manual es una técnica poco estudiada en el ámbito pediátrico para la evaluación de la fuerza muscular isométrica máxima. Objetivo: determinar la confiabilidad de la dinamometría de mantención manual para obtener el torque isométrico máximo de grupos musculares de miembro superior e inferior de niñas, niños, y adolescentes chilenos. Pacientes y Método: Estudio de corte transversal. Setenta y dos participantes entre 7 y 15 años fueron seleccionados de un colegio de la ciudad de Talca. El torque isométrico máximo fue obtenido en 15 grupos musculares de miembro superior e inferior mediante dinamometría de mantención manual. Se utilizó evaluación intra-evaluador e inter-evaluador, aplicando el coeficiente de correlación intraclase (ICC, en inglés) para determinar la confiabilidad de las pruebas y gráficos de Bland-Altman para evaluar la concordancia. Resultados: Los resultados demostraron una buena a excelente confiabilidad inter-evaluador (ICC = 0,85-0,98) e intra-evaluador (ICC = 0,87-0,98). Sólo dos grupos, extensores y abductores de cadera, revelaron una buena confiabilidad inter-evaluador (ICC = 0,85 y ICC = 0,88, respectivamente); y un grupo, los dorsiflexores de tobillo, mostraron una buena confiabilidad intra-evaluador (ICC = 0,87). El 100% de las pruebas presentó al menos un 95,8% de concordancia inter-evaluador e intra-evaluador en los gráficos de Bland-Altman. Conclusiones: La evaluación del torque muscular isométrico con di- namometría de mantención manual es un procedimiento confiable para su utilización en distintos periodos de crecimiento.

Abstract: The measurement of isometric muscle torque with hand-held dynamometry is a technique little studied in the pediatric setting for the evaluation of maximal isometric muscle strength. Objective: to determine the reliability of hand-held dynamometry to obtain the maximal isometric torque of upper and lower limb muscle groups in Chilean children and adolescents. Patients and Methods: Crosssectional study. Seventy-two participants aged between 7 and 15 years were selected from a school in Talca. Maximal isometric torque was recorded in 15 muscle groups of upper and lower limbs through hand-held dynamometry. Intra- and inter-rater evaluation was used, applying the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to determine the reliability of the tests and Bland-Altman plots to evaluate concordance. Results: The results demonstrated good to excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.850.98) and intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.87-0.98). Only two groups, hip extensors and abductors, showed good inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.85 and ICC = 0.88, respectively); and one group, the ankle dorsiflexors, showed good intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.87). 100% of the tests presented at least 95.8% inter- and intra-rater agreement on the Bland-Altman plots. Conclusion: The evaluation of isometric muscle torque using hand-held dynamometry is a reliable procedure for use in different growth periods.

https://doi.org/10.32641/andespediatr.v95i3.4956

Intensive glucose control in critically ill adults: a protocol for a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis
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Adigbli, Derick

; Yang, Li

; Hammond, Naomi

; Annane, Djillali

; Arabi, Yaseen

; Bilotta, Federico

; Bohé, Julien

; Brunkhorst, Frank Martin

; Cavalcanti, Alexandre Biasi

; Cook, Deborah

; Engel, Christoph

; Green-LaRoche, Deborah

; He, Wei

; Henderson, William

; Hoedemaekers, Cornelia

; Iapichino, Gaetano

; Kalfon, Pierre

; Rosa, Gisela de La

; MacKenzie, Iain

; Mélot, Christian

; Mitchell, Imogen

; Oksanen, Tuomas

; Polli, Federico

; Preiser, Jean-Charles

; Soriano, Francisco Garcia

; Wang, Ling-Cong

; Yuan, Jiaxiang

; Delaney, Anthony

; Tanna, Gian Luca Di

; Finfer, Simon

Critical Care Science

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dec 2023, Volume 35 N. 4 Pages 345 - 354

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: The optimal target for blood glucose concentration in critically ill patients is unclear. We will perform a systematic review and meta-analysis with aggregated and individual patient data from randomized controlled trials, comparing intensive glucose control with liberal glucose control in critically ill adults. Data sources: MEDLINE®, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials, and clinical trials registries (World Health Organization, clinical trials.gov). The authors of eligible trials will be invited to provide individual patient data. Published trial-level data from eligible trials that are not at high risk of bias will be included in an aggregated data meta-analysis if individual patient data are not available. Methods: Inclusion criteria: randomized controlled trials that recruited adult patients, targeting a blood glucose of ≤ 120mg/dL (≤ 6.6mmol/L) compared to a higher blood glucose concentration target using intravenous insulin in both groups. Excluded studies: those with an upper limit blood glucose target in the intervention group of > 120mg/dL (> 6.6mmol/L), or where intensive glucose control was only performed in the intraoperative period, and those where loss to follow-up exceeded 10% by hospital discharge. Primary endpoint: In-hospital mortality during index hospital admission. Secondary endpoints: mortality and survival at other timepoints, duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, vasoactive agents, and renal replacement therapy. A random effect Bayesian meta-analysis and hierarchical Bayesian models for individual patient data will be used. Discussion: This systematic review with aggregate and individual patient data will address the clinical question, ‘what is the best blood glucose target for critically ill patients overall?’ Protocol version 0.4 - 06/26/2023 PROSPERO registration: CRD42021278869

RESUMO Objetivo: Não está claro qual é a meta ideal de concentração de glicose no sangue em pacientes em estado grave. Realizaremos uma revisão sistemática e uma metanálise com dados agregados e de pacientes individuais de estudos controlados e randomizados, comparando o controle intensivo da glicose com o controle liberal da glicose em adultos em estado grave. Fontes de dados: MEDLINE®, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials e registros de ensaios clínicos (Organização Mundial da Saúde, clinical trials.gov). Os autores dos estudos qualificados serão convidados a fornecer dados individuais de pacientes. Os dados publicados em nível de ensaio qualificado que não apresentem alto risco de viés serão incluídos em uma metanálise de dados agregados se os dados individuais de pacientes não estiverem disponíveis. Métodos: Critérios de inclusão: ensaios clínicos controlados e randomizados que recrutaram pacientes adultos, com meta de glicemia ≤ 120mg/dL (≤ 6,6mmol/L) comparada a uma meta de concentração de glicemia mais alta com insulina intravenosa em ambos os grupos. Estudos excluídos: aqueles com meta de glicemia no limite superior no grupo de intervenção > 120mg/dL (> 6,6mmol/L), ou em que o controle intensivo de glicose foi realizado apenas no período intraoperatório, e aqueles em que a perda de seguimento excedeu 10% até a alta hospitalar. Desfecho primário: Mortalidade intra-hospitalar durante a admissão hospitalar. Desfechos secundários: Mortalidade e sobrevida em outros momentos, duração da ventilação mecânica invasiva, agentes vasoativos e terapia de substituição renal. Utilizaremos metanálise bayesiana de efeito randômico e modelos bayesianos hierárquicos para dados individuais de pacientes. Discussão: Essa revisão sistemática com dados agregados e de pacientes individuais abordará a questão clínica: Qual é a melhor meta de glicose no sangue de pacientes graves em geral? Protocolo versão 0.4 - 26/06/2023 Registro PROSPERO: CRD42021278869

https://doi.org/10.5935/2965-2774.20230162-en

Hemorragia Intracerebral Imprevisible en un Hombre Joven: La Importancia de la Tomografía computarizada craneal post-mortem
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Álvarez Gómez, José Lev

; Dávila Toro, Francisco

; Conte Miller, Maria

; Cabello, Sofía

; Cruz De La Rosa, Kerwin

; Chévere Rivera, Jaime L.

; Santa-Rosario, Juan

; Sanabria Bellassai, Dario

Medicina Legal de Costa Rica

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dec 2023, Volume 40 N. 2 Pages 35 - 40

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Sudden death occurs within 24 hours after the onset of symptoms and is characterized by being clinically inexplicable, sudden, and unexpected. Due to the nature of sudden death, it is not possible an accurate diagnosis without performing an autopsy. In this brief communication, we will evaluate the case of a 33-year-old cruise employee, with no prior medical/pharmacological history, who suddenly died while resting in his cabin. Due to initial suspicions of a possible cocaine overdose death, a comprehensive toxicology panel was performed, although yielding a negative result. A cranial computed tomography without contrast reversed the initial hypothesis and the neuropathological autopsy -surprisingly- confirmed that the true cause of death was the rupture of an unknown saccular aneurysm in the Circle of Willis.

Resumen La muerte súbita es aquella que ocurre dentro de las 24 horas posteriores al inicio de los síntomas y se caracteriza por ser clínicamente inexplicable, inesperada y repentina. Debido a la naturaleza de la muerte súbita, no es posible llegar a un diagnóstico preciso sin una autopsia. En esta comunicación breve, evaluaremos el caso de un empleado de crucero de 33 años, sin historial médico/farmacológico previo, el cual falleció súbitamente mientras reposaba en su camarote. Debido a las sospechas iniciales de una posible muerte causada por una sobredosis de cocaína, se le realizó un panel toxicológico abarcador el cual resultó negativo. Empero, una tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal sin contraste revirtió la hipótesis inicial y la autopsia neuropatológica -sorpresivamente- confirmó que la verdadera causa de muerte fue la ruptura de un aneurisma sacular desconocido en el polígono de Willis.

[SciELO Preprints] - Social and ethnic-racial inequities of physical accessibility to street markets in Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil
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Borges, Daniely Canuto, Raquel Pasqual , Francisco Rosa , Giovani Vargas, Júlio Borello

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Publication date: 2023-07-05

Abstract: En Pt

Street markets in Brazil are important spaces for the commercialization of fruits and vegetables (FV), which access by the urban population is considered one of the key aspects for the socalled “healthy cities”. This study adopts an ecological approach with geographic-spatial emphasis to describe accessibility to street markets in Porto Alegre, Brazil, by four different modes of transport (walking, bicycle, bus and car). The distribution of markets across the city is more balanced than other food establishments, although physical accessibility is highly uneven across modes of transport: the ability to reach a market on foot in 10 minutes or less is restricted to no more than 25 % of the population, while almost 90% can do it by driving a car. More importantly, the study found a direct and positive association between levels of accessibility to street markets and income: wealthier areas can reach fairs in less time using any mode of transport than poorer ones (p<0.001). In addition, regions with a majority of white inhabitants have significantly better accessibility to the fairs on foot, by bicycle and by bus (p<0.01) than regions with a majority of Black, Indigenous or yellow populations. Our study highlights the importance of addressing inequalities in access to healthy foods.

As feiras livres no Brasil são espaços importantes para a venda de frutas, verduras e legumes (FLV), considerados um dos aspectos-chave para “cidades saudáveis”. Este estudo adota uma abordagem ecológica com ênfase geográfico-espacial para descrever a acessibilidade às feiras livres em Porto Alegre, Brasil, por quatro modos de transporte (a pé, bicicleta, ônibus e carro). A distribuição das feiras pela cidade é mais equilibrada do que outros estabelecimentos de alimentos, embora a acessibilidade física seja altamente desigual entre os diferentes modos de transporte: a capacidade de alcançar uma feira a pé em 10 minutos ou menos é restrita a menos de 25% da população, enquanto quase 90% podem fazê-lo dirigindo um carro. Mais importante, o estudo encontrou uma associação direta e positiva entre os níveis de acessibilidade às feiras e a renda: as localidades mais ricas podem chegar às feiras em menos tempo usando qualquer modo de transporte do que as mais pobres (p<0,001). Além disso, regiões com maioria de habitantes brancos têm acessibilidade significativamente melhor às feiras a pé, de bicicleta e de ônibus (p<0,01) do que regiões com maioria de população negra, indígena ou amarela. Nosso estudo destaca a importância de abordar as desigualdades no acesso aos alimentos saudáveis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.6326

Evaluación de la seroconversión de cerdas con el uso de un inóculo a diferentes dosis y vehículos contra la diarrea epidémica porcina
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García Cano Rubí, Nancy Paulina

; Martínez-Castañeda, Francisco Ernesto

; Hernández Trujillo, Elein

; Sarmiento Silva, Rosa Elena

; Beltrán Figueroa, Rolando

; García-Hernández, Montserrat Elemi

; Trujillo-Ortega, María Elena

Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias

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jun 2023, Volume 14 N. 2 Pages 466 - 475

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La diarrea epidémica porcina (PED) es una enfermedad entérica altamente contagiosa en los cerdos, que ha provocado grandes pérdidas económicas a la industria porcina a nivel mundial. Las medidas conocidas para el control de la PED, antes del desarrollo y lanzamiento de las vacunas en el 2017 en México, fue el “feedback” o “licuado”. Aunque fue una medida muy utilizada durante el brote de PED en 2013, entre los diversos autores que lo recomiendan no hay una homogeneidad en su uso. Actualmente, diversos estudios han experimentado otro tipo de profilaxis, como la inmunización oral con el virus de la PED obtenido a partir del aislamiento en cultivo celular, lo que permite cuantificar el virus infectivo, así como asegurar que solo se está utilizando como inóculo al virus y no otros agentes. El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar el tiempo de seroconversión, en cerdas inoculadas con virus cuantificado, con cuatro diferentes vehículos (leche, trigo, directo y agua) y diferentes dosis del vehículo (1 ml, 2 ml y 3 ml), en diferentes momentos de gestación y número de partos. El estudio se realizó en el CEIEPP, granja de ciclo completo con 170 hembras. El presente estudio demostró que los vehículos con mejores resultados fueron el inóculo con agua y el inóculo directo combinado con la dosis de 1 ml, ya que la combinación de estos vehículos y dosis del inóculo generó que más del 90 % de las cerdas mostraran seroconversión a partir de la segunda semana post-inoculación.

Abstract Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious enteric disease of pigs, which has caused great economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. The known measure for PED control prior to the development and launch of vaccines in 2017 in Mexico, was "feedback" or "liquefaction". It was a widely used measure during the PED outbreak in 2013; however, there is no homogeneity in its use among the various authors who recommend it. Currently, several studies have experimented with other types of prophylaxis, such as oral immunization with PED virus obtained from cell culture isolation, which allows quantification of the infectious virus and ensures that only the virus, and no other agent, is being used as inoculum. The objective of the present study was to compare the time of seroconversion in sows inoculated with the quantified virus with four different vehicles (milk, wheat, direct, and water) and different doses of vehicle (1 ml, 2 ml, and 3 ml) at different pregnancy stages and with a different number of farrowings. The study was conducted at CEIEPP, a full-cycle farm with 170 females. The present study showed that the vehicles with the best results were the inoculum with water and the direct inoculum combined with the 1 ml dose, as the combination of these vehicles and an inoculum dose resulted in seroconversion in more than 90 % of the sows from the second week post inoculation.

https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v14i2.6146

Aptitud clínica en residentes de medicina familiar; una aproximación hacia su evaluación. Diseño multicéntrico
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Leyva González, Félix Arturo

; Gómez Arteaga, Gress Marissell

; Gómez Clavelina, Francisco Javier F.

; Degollado Bardales, Lilia

; Aguirre García, María del Carmen

; Vega Mendoza, Santa

; Guerrero Hernández, Rosa Elvia

; Ceja Aladro, Alicia

; Martínez Ángeles, Jesús

; Beltrán Lagunes, Luis

; González Domínguez, Ricardo

; Hernández Hernández, Miguel Ángel

; González Salinas, Consuelo

; Leyva Salas, Rosalba Isabel

; Gómez Arteaga, Martha Angélica

; Cruz Avelar, Agles

; Contreras Angulo, David Alejandro

; Angulo Bernal, Nancy Beatriz

Investigación en educación médica

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jun 2023, Volume 12 N. 46 Pages 40 - 56

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Introducción En México, esta indagación hasta donde se tiene conocimiento representa el primer trabajo multicéntrico que estudia el grado de desarrollo de la aptitud clínica en cuatro Unidades de medicina familiar del Sector Salud. Por consiguiente, la interrogante de investigación es ¿Cuál es el grado de desarrollo de la aptitud clínica en tres instituciones de salud?. Este estudio proveerá conocimientos que permitirán emprender investigaciones en las cuales se ensayen estrategias educativas que propicien el desarrollo de esta aptitud. Objetivo Determinar el grado de desarrollo de la aptitud clínica en residentes de medicina familiar de cuatro sedes académicas. Método Diseño prospectivo, transversal, observacional y multicéntrico. Se estudió toda la matrícula del ciclo académico 2019-2020 con consentimiento informado. Se construyó un instrumento que evaluó la variable “aptitud clínica” mediante ocho indicadores y 182 ítems; la validez conceptual, de contenido y confiabilidad se valoró por cinco médicos familiares con experiencia docente y en investigación educativa. Resultados De las cuatro sedes, las calificaciones globales más altas en los indicadores fueron alcanzadas por los R1 de la Unidad de Medicina Familiar # 20 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (UMF20 IMSS), R2 y R3 del Hospital General de Zona # 1 (HGZMF1 IMSS). Los R1 de la UMF20 alcanzaron los más altos puntajes en 3/8 indicadores. Los R2 y R3 del HGZMF1 lograron las más altas puntuaciones en 2/8 indicadores. Se estimaron diferencias entre R1 (n=46), entre R2 (n=47) y entre R3 (n=40) de las cuatro sedes por indicador y no se encontraron diferencias estadísticas significativas en ningún caso. Conclusiones El grado de desarrollo de la aptitud clínica se puede considerar de nivel medio en las cuatro sedes académicas. Esto en parte se puede explicar a que el instrumento exploró situaciones clínicas problematizadas, que exigieron del residente la reflexión crítica de su experiencia clínica antecedente.

ABSTRACT Introduction In Mexico, this inquiry to the best of our knowledge represents the first multicenter work that studies the degree of development of clinical aptitude in four Family Medicine Units of the Health Sector. Therefore, the research question is : What is the degree of development of clinical aptitude in three health institutions? This study will provide knowledge that will allow undertaking researches in which educational strategies that propitiate the development of this aptitude are tested. Objective To determine the degree of development of clinical aptitude in family medicine residents from four academic sites. Method Prospective, cross-sectional, observational and multicenter design. The entire enrollment of the 2019-2020 academic year was studied with informed consent. An instrument was constructed that assessed the variable "clinical aptitude" by means of eight indicators and 182 items; conceptual, content and reliability validity was assessed by five family physicians with teaching and educational research experience. Results Of the four sites, the highest overall scores on the indicators were achieved by the R1 of the Family Medicine Unit # 20 of the Mexican Social Security Institute (UMF20 IMSS), R2 and R3 of the General Zone Hospital # 1 (HGZMF1 IMSS). UMF20 R1s achieved the highest scores on 3/8 indicators. The R2s and R3s of HGZMF1 achieved the highest scores on 2/8 indicators. Differences were estimated between R1s (n=46), between R2s (n=47) and between R3s (n=40) of the four sites by indicator and no significant statistical differences were found in any case. Conclusions The degree of development of clinical aptitude can be considered medium level in the four academic sites. This can be partly explained by the fact that the instrument explored problematic clinical situations, which required the resident to reflect critically on his previous clinical experience.

https://doi.org/10.22201/fm.20075057e.2023.46.22479

Violencia hacia el personal de enfermería durante la pandemia del COVID-19, Paraguay 2021
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Ullón, Daisy

; Páez, Francisco

; Viveros, Guiomar

; Gonzalez Vazquez, Gloria

; Espinola, Rosa

; Martínez, Gisselle

; Méndez-Romero, Julieta

Revista de salud publica del Paraguay

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apr 2023, Volume 13 N. 1 Pages 52 - 57

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the violence suffered by nursing staff during the COVID-19 pandemic in Paraguay. Material and methods: Cross-sectional study in a nursing staff of a Regional Hospital between May and August 2021. The nature of violence suffered by Health personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic was measured. Results: 161 nursing staff professionals at the Coronel Oviedo Regional Hospital participated in the study. 50.3% were over 35 years old, 79.4% were female. 55.9% observed violence in their workplace. The most frequent type of violence was psychological (79.1%), performed mainly by users (46.6%). In the logistic regression analysis, physical violence occurred mainly in women (OR=4.38), predominantly in those with 5 to 10 years of work experience (OR=3.40). Psychological violence occurred for the most part in nurses with a higher educational level (OR=1.54), with an ongoing couple relationship status (OR=1.38), and with over 10 years seniority (OR=3.27). Sexual violence occurred in nurses with seniority between five and 10 years (OR=4.27), from the emergency room area (OR=3.56) or the maternity wing (OR=3.8). Discussion: Violence against nursing staff was high during the COVID-19 pandemic.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar la violencia sufrida por el personal de enfermería durante la pandemia del COVID-19 en Paraguay. Material y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal en personal de enfermería de un Hospital Regional entre mayo y agosto del año 2021. Se midió la situación de violencia sufrida por el personal de Salud durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 161 profesionales del personal de enfermería del Hospital Regional de Coronel Oviedo. El 50.3% tenía más de 35 años, el 79.4% fue del sexo femenino. El 55.9% observó violencia en su lugar de trabajo. El tipo de violencia más frecuente fue el psicológico (79.1%), siendo en su mayoría los usuarios los que realizaban las agresiones (46.6%). En el análisis de regresión logística, la violencia física ocurrió mayormente en mujeres OR=4.38 y en aquellos con antigüedad laboral entre cinco a 10 años OR=3.40. La violencia psicológica ocurrió mayormente en enfermeros con un nivel educativo mayor OR=1.54, en pareja OR=1.38 y con una antigüedad de más de 10 años OR=3.27. La violencia sexual ocurrió en enfermeros con antigüedad entre cinco a 10 años OR=4.27, del área de urgencias OR=3.56 o el área de maternidad y obstetricia OR=3.8. Discusión: La violencia hacia el personal de enfermería fue elevada durante la pandemia del COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.18004/rspp.2023.abril.08

Seroprevalencia de Toxoplasma gondii en cabras del departamento de Piura, Perú
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Fernández Rojas, Milagros

; Suárez Aranda, Francisco

; Chávez Velásquez, Amanda

; Pinedo Vicente, Rosa

Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú

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apr 2023, Volume 34 N. 2 elocation e25182

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of the Toxoplasma gondii parasite in goats from the department of Piura, Peru. In total, 362 serum samples were evaluated using a commercial indirect ELISA kit, which reveals the presence of IgG anti-T. gondii antibodies. The real seroprevalence was 26.29% (95% CI: 21.74 -30.84%). The confidence intervals (95% CI) evidenced a significant difference (p<0.05) in the seropositive goats in relation to the altitudinal floor variable (0-500 vs 500-2500 m), while no significant difference was evidenced regarding the age group variable (<1, 1-3 and >3 years). The Odds Ratio (OR) between the sero-reactor animals and the altitudinal floor variable yielded a value of 0.37 (95% CI: 0.20 -0.69), indicating that the altitude 0-500 m was a protective factor for toxoplasmosis infection in relation to 500-2500 m.

RESUMEN El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia del parásito Toxoplasma gondii en cabras del departamento de Piura, Perú. Se evaluaron 362 muestras de suero haciendo uso de un kit comercial de ELISA indirecto, la cual revela presencia de anticuerpos IgG anti-T. gondii. La seroprevalencia real hallada fue de 26.29% (IC 95%: 21.74 -30.84%). Los intervalos de confianza (IC 95%) evidenciaron diferencia significativa (p<0.05) en las cabras seropositivas con relación a la variable piso altitudinal (0500 vs 500-2500 msnm), mientras que no se evidenció diferencia significativa (p>0.05) respecto a la variable grupo etario (<1, 1-3 y >3 años). El Odds Ratio (OR) entre los animales serorreactores y la variable piso altitudinal arrojó un valor de 0.37 (IC 95%: 0.20 - 0.69), indicando que el piso altitudinal 0-500 msnm fue un factor protector para la infección por toxoplasmosis con relación al piso altitudinal 500-2500 msnm.

https://doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v34i2.25182

10.

Características textiles de la fibra de alpaca Huacaya, según zonas agroecológicas, sexo y edad en la Región Puno (Perú)
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Larios-Francia, Rosa

; Cárdenas, Oscar

; Rodriguez-Huanca, Francisco H.

; Ccopa, Jhunior

; Condori, Andrés

; Hernández, Wilfredo

; Chaves-Bellido, Luis

; Díaz, Bertha

; Chavez, Rafael

; Sánchez, Joan

; Galvez, Carlos

Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú

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apr 2023, Volume 34 N. 2 elocation e21356

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the agroecological zone on the textile characteristics of the alpaca fibre (Vicugna pacos) from herds of productive units of the dry Puna and wet Puna in the Puno region, according to sex and age. The samples were obtained from 5530 Huacaya alpacas. Fibre diameter (FD), Standard Deviation of Fibre Diameter (SDFD), Coefficient of Variation of Fibre Diameter (CVDF), Spin Fineness (SF), Curvature Index (ICur) and Standard Deviation of Curvature Index (SDICur) were recorded using the OFDA 2000 equipment. The effects of the agroecological zone in relation to sex and age (Deciduous teeth [DL], 2 teeth [2D], 4 teeth [4D] and all teeth [BLL]) were estimated using a randomized design with factorial arrangement and Duncan's multiple range test. The FF values are in the range of 13.3 to 34.5 µm with an average value of 20.32 µm. The alpacas from the wet Puna presented lower FD (13.3-34.5 µm) compared to those from the dry Puna (13.6-37.9 µm). Age and sex affect the FD, as BLL alpacas registered a higher FF compared to the DL alpacas (p<0.05). Likewise, a lower FD was observed in male alpacas compared to females (p<0.05). The correlation between agroecological zones, sex and age was demonstrated by obtaining a smaller diameter in male DL alpacas from wet Puna. In addition, a significant correlation was identified between the fibre quality evaluated from its textile characteristics with the agroecological zone.

RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la zona agroecológica en las características textiles de la fibra de alpaca (Vicugna pacos), procedente de rebaños de unidades productivas de la Puna seca y Puna húmeda en la región Puno, según sexo y edad. Las muestras fueron obtenidas de 5530 alpacas Huacaya. El Diámetro de fibra (DF), Desviación estándar del diámetro de fibra (DEDF), Coeficiente de variación de diámetro de fibra (CVDF), Finura al hilado (FH), Índice de curvatura (IC) y Desviación estándar del índice de curvatura (DEIC) fueron registrados utilizando el equipo OFDA 2000. Los efectos de la zona agroecológica con relación al sexo y edad (Diente de leche [DL], 2 dientes [2D], 4 dientes [4D] y Boca llena [BLL]) se estimaron mediante un diseño al azar con arreglo factorial y prueba de rango múltiple de Duncan. Los valores de DF se encuentran en el rango de 13.3 a 34.5 µm con un valor promedio de 20.32 µm. Las alpacas de la Puna húmeda presentaron menor DF (13.3-34.5 µm) en comparación con las de la Puna seca (13.6-37.9 µm). La edad y el sexo inciden en el DF, pues las alpacas BLL registraron mayor DF frente a las alpacas DL (p<0.05). Asimismo, se observó un menor DF en alpacas macho en comparación con las hembras (p<0.05). La correlación entre zonas agroecológicas, sexo y edad se demostró al obtener menor diámetro en las alpacas macho DL de Puna húmeda. Además, se identificó una correlación significativa entre la calidad de fibra evaluada a partir de sus características textiles con la zona agroecológica.

https://doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v34i2.21356

11.

Does Postpartum Hypopituitarism Influence the Craniofacial Pattern? A Case-Control Study with Sheehan’s Syndrome Patients
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Cavalcante, Davi de Sá

; Quidute, Ana Rosa Pinto

; Martins, Manoel Ricardo Alves

; Carvalho, Francisco Samuel Rodrigues

; Cid, Adília Mirela Pereira

; Silva, Paulo Goberlanio de Barros

; Aguiar, Andrea Silvia Walter de

; Ribeiro, Thyciana Rodrigues

; Costa, Fábio Wildson Gurgel

International journal of odontostomatology

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mar 2023, Volume 17 N. 1 Pages 38 - 45

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los aspectos morfológicos craneofaciales de los pacientes con síndrome de Sheehan (SHS). Se realizó un estudio observacional con 19 mujeres diagnosticadas con SHS y 19 controles asociados por edad y sexo. Se obtuvieron radiografías cefalométricas laterales y se analizaron 30 medidas lineales y angulares mediante el software Radiocef Studio 2. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 65,47 ± 10,19 años. Los principales hallazgos fueron proposición maxilar (52,63 %) y mandíbula (52,63 %) con respecto a la base del cráneo, prognatismo mandibular en 73,68 %, patrón de crecimiento profundo en 42,1 %, aumento del plano mandibular en 36,84 % y reducción de la altura facial anterior. El grupo SHS mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas en SNB (p=0,026), N-Me (p=0,006), longitud del paladar blando (p=0,011) y Ena-Me (p<0,001) en comparación con los controles. El análisis de la puntuación de la desviación estándar reveló valores alterados en relación con las longitudes maxilares y mandibulares totales. El SHS mostró una morfología craneofacial alterada, caracterizada por prognatismo maxilomandibular, tipo braquifacial, aumento del plano mandibular y reducción de la longitud del velo del paladar. Este estudio informa hallazgos novedosos en SHS.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to assess the craniofacial morphologic aspects of Sheehan’s syndrome (SHS) patients.An observational study was performed with 19 women diagnosed with SHS and 19 controls matched by age and sex. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained, and 30 linear and angular measurements were analyzed using the Radiocef Studio 2 software. The mean age of patients was 65.47 ± 10.19 years. The main findings were propositioned maxilla (52.63 %) and mandible (52.63 %) relative to the cranial base, mandibular prognathism in 73.68 %, deep growth pattern in 42.1 %, increased mandibular plane in 36.84 %, and reduction in anterior facial height. The SHS group showed statistically significant differences in SNB (p=0.026), N-Me (p=0.006), soft palate length (p=0.011), and Ena-Me (p<0.001) in comparison with controls. The standard deviation score analysis revealed altered values in relation to total maxillary and mandibular lengths. SHS showed altered craniofacial morphology, characterized by maxillo- mandibular prognathism, brachyfacial type, increased mandibular plane, and reduction in soft palate length. This study reports novel findings in SHS.

12.

Inmunonutrición, evidencias y experiencias
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Tejera-Pérez, Cristina

; Guillín-Amarelle, Cristina

; Rodríguez-Novo, Nazareth

; Lugo-Rodríguez, Gloria

; Mantiñán-Gil, Beatriz

; Palmeiro-Carballeira, Regina

; Pita-Gutiérrez, Francisco

; Argüeso-Armesto, Rosa

; Cantón-Blanco, Ana

; Botana-López, Manuel Antonio

; Fernández-López, María Teresa

; Muñoz-Leira, Virginia

; Rodeiro-Marta, Santiago Enrique

; Martínez-Olmos, Miguel Ángel

Nutrición Hospitalaria

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feb 2023, Volume 40 N. 1 Pages 186 - 199

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La inmunonutrición es una ciencia que engloba aspectos relacionados con la nutrición, la inmunidad, la infección, la inflamación y el daño tisular. Las fórmulas inmunomoduladoras han demostrado beneficios en una amplia variedad de situaciones clínicas. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar la evidencia disponible en inmunonutrición (IN). Para ello, se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica con las palabras clave: inmunonutrición, arginina, glutamina, nucleótidos, ácidos grasos omega-3, ERAS, fast-track. Se han incluido ensayos clínicos, revisiones y guías de práctica clínica. La IN ha demostrado reducir las fístulas en el postoperatorio en pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello. En pacientes con cáncer gástrico y cáncer de esófago, la IN se asocia a una disminución de las complicaciones infecciosas y la estancia hospitalaria. Otras situaciones clínicas que se benefician del uso de la IN son la cirugía del cáncer de páncreas, la cirugía del cáncer colorrectal y los grandes quemados. Son necesarios más estudios controlados, prospectivos y aleatorizados para confirmar los potenciales beneficios de la IN en otras situaciones clínicas como la cirugía torácica no esofágica, el cáncer vesical, la cirugía ginecológica, la fractura de cadera, la patología hepática y la COVID-19, entre otros.

Abstract Immunonutrition is a science that encompasses aspects related to nutrition, immunity, infection, inflammation and tissue damage. Immunomodulatory formulas have shown benefits in a wide variety of clinical situations. The objective of this work was to review the available evidence in immunonutrition (IN). For this, a bibliographic search has been carried out with the keywords: immunonutrition, arginine, glutamine, nucleotides, omega-3 fatty acids, ERAS, fast-track. Clinical trials, reviews and clinical practice guidelines have been included. IN has been shown to reduce postoperative fistulae in head and neck cancer patients and in gastric and esophageal cancer patients, infectious complications and hospital stay. Other clinical situations that benefit from the use of IN are pancreatic cancer surgery, colorectal cancer surgery and major burns. More controlled, prospective, and randomized studies are necessary to confirm the potential benefits of IN in other clinical situations such as non-esophageal thoracic surgery, bladder cancer, gynecological surgery, hip fracture, liver pathology and COVID-19, among others.

https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.04226

13.

Hipertensão em mulheres presas no Brasil: muito além do biológico
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Silva, Paula Negrão da

; Kendall, Carl

; Silva, Ana Zaira da

; Mota, Rosa Maria Salani

; Araújo, Larissa Fortunato

; Pires Neto, Roberto da Justa

; Leal Júnior, Francisco Marto Pinheiro

; Macena, Raimunda Hermelinda Maia

; Kerr, Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jan 2023, Volume 28 N. 1 Pages 37 - 48

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivou-se estimar a prevalência de hipertensão arterial (HA) e os fatores de risco associados em mulheres presas. Utilizou-se dados do Inquérito Nacional de Saúde na População Penitenciária Feminina e em Servidoras Prisionais, investigando-se características sociodemográficas, fatores das prisões, comportamentos e condições de saúde. As informações foram coletadas por meio de questionário autoaplicado, sendo a magnitude da associação estimada por odds ratio e intervalo de confiança de 95%. Das 1.327 participantes, 24,4% eram hipertensas, a maioria tinha 31 anos ou mais (54,6%), 51,5% autorreferiram etnia/cor parda. Após mutual ajustamento pelos fatores de risco associados na análise bivariada, observou-se relação direta e com gradiente entre idade e HA, em que idade igual/maior a 41 anos foi associada independentemente com uma chance sete vezes maior de ter HA, se comparado a quem tem menos de 25 anos. Aquelas que autorreferiram etnia/cor negra apresentaram colesterol alto e estavam obesas, também foram associadas de forma independente com maior prevalência de HA. O maior número de pessoas com que a presa divide cela esteve associado à maior prevalência de há, sem uma relação dose-resposta. Conclui-se que idade, etnia/cor, obesidade, inatividade física e estresse são fatores de risco para HA em mulheres presas.

Abstract The scope was to estimate the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AHT) and associated risk factors among female prisoners. Data from the National Health Survey of the Female Prison Population and Prison Guards were used, investigating sociodemographic variables, prison characteristics, health behaviors and conditions. Information was collected through a self-administered questionnaire, and the magnitude of the association was estimated by the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Of the 1,327 prisoner participants, 24.4% were hypertensive, the majority were 31 years of age or older (54.6%), and 51.5% self-reported mixed race. After adjustment for associated risk factors in the bivariate analysis, a direct relationship between age and AHT was observed, in which age equal to/over 41 years was independently associated with a 7-fold greater chance of having AHT, compared to those under 25 years of age. Those who self-reported mixed race, had high cholesterol, were obese and were also independently associated with a higher prevalence of AHT. The greater the number of people with whom the inmate shares a cell was associated with a higher prevalence of AHT, but without a dose-response relationship. The conclusion drawn is that age, race, obesity, physical inactivity and stress are risk factors for AHT in female prisoners.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023281.10672022

14.

Hipertensão em mulheres presas no Brasil: muito além do biológico
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Silva, Paula Negrão da

; Kendall, Carl

; Silva, Ana Zaira da

; Mota, Rosa Maria Salani

; Araújo, Larissa Fortunato

; Pires Neto, Roberto da Justa

; Leal Júnior, Francisco Marto Pinheiro

; Macena, Raimunda Hermelinda Maia

; Kerr, Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jan 2023, Volume 28 N. 1 Pages 37 - 48

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232023281.10672022

15.

Low serum uric acid levels and levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease
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Soares, Nayron Medeiros

; Pereira, Gabriela Magalhães

; Dutra, Ana Carolina Leonardi

; Artigas, Nathalie Ribeiro

; Krimberg, Júlia Schneider

; Monticelli, Bruno Elkfury

; Schumacher-Schuh, Artur Francisco

; Almeida, Rosa Maria Martins de

; Rieder, Carlos Roberto de Mello

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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jan 2023, Volume 81 N. 1 Pages 40 - 46

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Background Levodopa is the most used and effective medication for motor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD), its long-term use is associated with the appearance of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). Uric acid (UA) is believed to play an important neuroprotective role in PD. Objective To investigate if serum UA levels are related with the presence of LIDs in PD patients. Also, we investigated the associations among UA levels and clinical features of PD. Methods We enrolled 81 PD patients (dyskinesia = 48; no dyskinesia = 33) in the present study. A blood sample was collected to evaluate serum UA levels, clinical evaluation included the following instruments: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), MDS-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Hoehn and Yahr (HY), and the sub-item 4.1 of MDS-UPDRS IV (score ≥ 1). Additional relevant clinical information was obtained by a clinical questionnaire. Results Serum UA levels were lower in the dyskinesia group when compared with the no dyskinesia group. The same result was found in the UA levels of both men and women. The multivariate analysis showed lower uric acid levels were significantly associated with having dyskinesia (odds ratio [OR] = 0.424; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.221-0.746; p= 0.005). Additional analysis verified that serum UA levels are inversely correlated with depressive symptoms, disease duration, MDS-UPDRS IV and time spent with dyskinesia. A positive correlation was found with age at onset of PD symptoms. Conclusions The present study provides a possible role of serum UA levels in LID present in PD patients.

Resumo Antecedentes A levodopa é a medicação mais utilizada e eficaz para os sintomas motores da doença de Parkinson (DP); seu uso a longo prazo está associado ao aparecimento de discinesia induzida por levodopa (LID). Acredita-se que o ácido úrico desempenhe um importante papel neuroprotetor na DP. Objetivo Investigar se os níveis séricos de AU estão relacionados com a presença de LID em pacientes com DP. Além disso, investigamos as associações entre os níveis de AU e as características clínicas da DP. Métodos Foram incluídos 81 pacientes com DP (discinesia = 48; sem discinesia = 33) no presente estudo. Uma amostra de sangue foi coletada para avaliar os níveis séricos de AU, a avaliação clínica incluiu os seguintes instrumentos: Avaliação Cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA), Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI-II), MDS-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Hoehn and Yahr (HY) e o subitem 4.1 da MDS-UPDRS IV (escore ≥ 1). Informações clínicas relevantes adicionais foram obtidas por meio de um questionário clínico. Resultados Os níveis séricos de AU foram menores no grupo com discinesia quando comparados ao grupo sem discinesia. O mesmo resultado foi encontrado nos níveis de AU de homens e mulheres. A análise multivariada mostrou que níveis mais baixos de ácido úrico foram significativamente associados a ter discinesia (odds ratio [OR] = 0,424; intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95%: 0,221-0,746; p= 0,005). Análises adicionais verificaram que os níveis séricos de AU estão inversamente correlacionados com sintomas depressivos, duração da doença, MDS-UPDRS IV e tempo gasto com discinesia. Uma correlação positiva foi encontrada com a idade de início dos sintomas da DP. Conclusões O presente estudo fornece um possível papel dos níveis séricos de AU na LID presente em pacientes com DP.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1761294

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