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Combustión de hollín usando catalizadores basados en óxidos de níquel (II) y cerio (IV): preparación, caracterización y estudio cinético
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Arcos, Nelson

; Hurtado Cotillo, Mario

; Cruz, Rómulo

; Picasso, Gino

; López, Rosario

Revista de la Sociedad Química del Perú

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jul 2023, Volume 89 N. 3 Pages 194 - 212

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN El hollín generado en las arenas de fundición es un impedimento para la reutilización de las arenas debido a su contaminación, por ello la oxidación catalítica es necesaria para incrementar la velocidad de oxidación del hollín a menores temperaturas, mejorando la eficiencia energética y ambiental del proceso de recuperación. Los catalizadores mixtos de NiCe fueron preparados mediante el método de evaporación de solvente en proporciones molares Ni:Ce de 0.5:9.5, 1:9, 5:5, y 9:1 representados como Ni0.5Ce9.5, Ni1Ce9, Ni5Ce5 y Ni9Ce1, respectivamente y los catalizadores másicos CeO2 y NiO también fueron preparados por el mismo método. Todas las muestras se caracterizaron mediante diferentes técnicas basadas en su composición química, estructural, morfológica, textural y propiedades redox. Las técnicas de caracterización fueron: sorción de N2 (método BET), difracción de rayos X (XRD), termogravimetría (TGA), reducción a temperatura programada con H2 (TPR-H2), espectroscopía láser Raman (LRS), y espectroscopía infrarroja por transformada de Fourier (FTIR). La actividad catalítica se evaluó por TGA bajo aire sintético en contacto directo para la combustión del hollín. La calcinación a 800 °C y 600 °C de los catalizadores mixtos mostraron una baja superficie específica (3-74 m2 g-1) con tamaño promedio de cristalita que variaron con los distintos valores NiCe (9-22 nm). Sin embargo, se observó un incremento en el volumen del poro mesoporoso, un importante parámetro para la oxidación del hollín con aire. Asimismo, los difractogramas de rayos X del catalizador NiCe mostraron una introducción parcial de los iones Ni2+ a la red de la fluorita del CeO2 mediante un desplazamiento con respecto a la posición inicial del difractograma del CeO2. El catalizador Ni0.5Ce9.5 calcinado a 600 °C obtuvo la mejor actividad catalítica (T50 = 519.43 °C) comparado con los catalizadores Ni1Ce9, Ni5Ce5 y Ni9Ce1 and CeO2 calcinados a 800 °C y 600 °C. Se evaluó la cinética de oxidación del hollín, donde se determinó la energía de activación (Ea) tanto para el hollín catalizado como para el no catalizado bajo TGA con flujo de aire y se concluyó que el catalizador Ni0.5Ce9.5 (600) mejoró efectivamente la actividad catalítica (Ea = 73 kJ mol- 1) generando la eliminación del hollín a una temperatura más baja.

ABSTRACT The soot generated in foundry sands is an impediment to the reuse of the sands due to its contamination, therefore catalytic oxidation is necessary to increase the rate of soot oxidation at lower temperatures, improving the energy and environmental efficiency of the recovery process. NiO-CeO2 mixed oxides catalysts were prepared by solvent evaporation method with Ni:Ce molar ratios of 0.5:9.5, 1:9, 5:5, and 9:1, represented as Ni0.5Ce9.5, Ni1Ce9, Ni5Ce5 y Ni9Ce1, respectively and the precursors as CeO2 and NiO catalyst were also prepared through the same method. All the samples were characterized by different techniques based on their chemical, structural, morphological, textural composition, and redox properties. Characterization techniques were N2 sorption (BET method), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), H2 temperature programmed reduction (TPR-H2), Raman laser spectroscopy (LRS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The catalytic activity of the catalysts was evaluated by TGA under synthetic air as feed gas under tight contact for soot combustion. Calcinations at 800°C and 600°C of the mixed catalysts showed a low specific surface area (3-74 m2 g-1) with average crystallite sizes that varied with the different NiCe values (9-22 nm). However, an increase in the volume of the mesoporous pore was observed, an important parameter for the oxidation of soot with air. Likewise, the X-ray diffractograms of the NiCe catalysts showed a partial introduction of the Ni2+ ions to the CeO2 fluorite lattice through a displacement with respect to the initial position of the CeO2 diffractogram. The catalyst Ni0.5Ce9.5 (600), obtained the best catalytic activity (T50 =519.43 °C) compared to the catalysts Ni1Ce9, Ni5Ce5 y Ni9Ce1 and CeO2 calcined at 800°C and 600 °C. The soot oxidation kinetics were reported, where the activation energy (Ea) was determined, both for catalyzed and non-catalyzed soot under TGA with air flow. Therefore, it was concluded that the catalyst Ni0.5Ce9.5 (600) effectively improved the catalytic activity of the catalyst (Ea = 73 kJ mol-1) and reduced the combustion temperature, which generates the removal of soot at a lower temperature.

https://doi.org/10.37761/rsqp.v89i3.438

Reconfiguración multiobjetivo en sistemas de distribución primaria con presencia de generación distribuida
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Cardero Cardero, Enrique

; Salazar Fonseca, Irina

; Castro Torres, Nelson Alexey

; García, Delmar Jaime

; Cervantes Oliva, Janette

; Barrero Formigo, Dunia del Rosario

Ingeniare. Revista chilena de ingeniería

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sep 2022, Volume 30 N. 3 Pages 592 - 601

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT This work addresses the multi-objective reconfiguration of distribution networks with the presence of distributed generation. We work with two objective functions in the problem statement: active power losses and grid voltage index. While in the solution of the model, an elitist evolutionary algorithm of non-dominated ordering (NSGA-II) is used, which is implemented with the help of MATLAB, determining a set of feasible solutions. The proposed methodology is implemented in reconfiguring the test circuit, 33 nodes, 37 branches, and 4 distributed generators of the IEEE. Two case studies are analyzed, one without the presence of distributed generation and the other in the presence of four distributed generators; it is possible to reduce the power losses of the analyzed network and improve the voltage profile. The results are compared with other investigations and methods that have used the same test circuit, evidencing its relevance.

RESUMEN Este trabajo aborda la reconfiguración multiobjetivo de las redes de distribución con presencia de generación distribuida. En el planteamiento del problema se trabaja con dos funciones objetivos; las pérdidas de potencia activa y el índice de tensión de la red. Mientras que en la solución del modelo se emplea un algoritmo evolutivo elitista de ordenamiento no dominado (NSGA-II), el que se implementa con ayuda del MATLAB, determinando un conjunto de soluciones factibles. La metodología propuesta es implementada en la reconfiguración del circuito de prueba, 33 nodos, 37 ramas y 4 generadores distribuidos, de la IEEE. Se analizan dos casos de estudios, uno sin presencia de generación distribuida y el otro en presencia de cuatro generadores distribuidos; se logra reducir las pérdidas de potencia de la red analizada y mejorar el perfil de tensión. Los resultados son comparados con otras investigaciones y métodos que han empleado el mismo circuito de prueba evidenciando su pertinencia.

Educación Física remota: juegos motrices e inteligencia kinestésica durante la pandemia COVID-19
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Posso Pacheco, Richar Jacobo

; Otáñez Enríquez, Nelson Rafael

; Cóndor Chicaiza, Jannet Del Rocío

; Cóndor Chicaiza, María Gladys

; Lara Chala, Lilia Del Rosario

Podium. Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología en la Cultura Física

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aug 2021, Volume 16 N. 2 Pages 564 - 575

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO No contexto da pandemia, as Educações Físicas no Equador, bem como os outros temas, têm trabalhado através de projetos interdisciplinares sob a metodologia de aprendizagem baseada em projetos. O objetivo desta investigação era verificar até que ponto os jogos motores da Educação Física à distância influenciam o desenvolvimento da inteligência quinestésica das crianças em idade escolar numa determinada instituição de ensino em Quito. Está enquadrado num paradigma quantitativo, correspondendo a um desenho quase experimental de carácter descritivo e transversal, com medidas pré e pós-teste, sem grupos de controlo. A amostra foi de 22 estudantes do terceiro ano do Ensino Básico Geral. O parâmetro de inclusão foi estabelecido como estando inscrito e frequentando as aulas virtuais de Educação Física. Um instrumento foi construído com uma escala de estimativa das dimensões de inteligência quinestésica da adaptação do teste de Gardner; usa os movimentos corporais como principal ferramenta de expressão [UMCPHE], mostra capacidades desportivas e atléticas [MHDA], gosta de participar em atividades de dança e arte dramática [DPADAD], mostra capacidade de executar trabalhos manuais e usar ferramentas [MHRTMUH] e aprende melhor quando o seu corpo está envolvido nas atividades [AMCIA]. Este estudo mostrou que estratégias inovadoras baseadas em jogos motores através da Educação Física remota são uma alternativa para encorajar a melhoria da inteligência quinestésica, além disso, a Educação Física teve de ser transformada em termos da utilização de estratégias de ensino apropriadas, refletindo que a inteligência quinestésica é transcendental, porque tem um impacto significativo no desenvolvimento da capacidade intelectual dos estudantes no seu nível de autoestima e de geração de autonomia para o jogo motor.

ABSTRACT In the context of the pandemic, Physical Education in Ecuador, as well as other subjects, have worked through interdisciplinary projects under the project-based learning methodology. The objective of this research was to verify to what extent motor games in remote Physical Education influence the development of kinesthetic intelligence of schoolchildren in a particular educational institution in Quito. It is framed in a quantitative paradigm, corresponding to a quasi-experimental design of descriptive and transversal character, with pretest and post-test measures, without control groups. The sample consisted of 22 students in the third year of General Basic Education. The inclusion parameter was established as being enrolled and attending the virtual classes of Physical Education. An instrument was constructed with an estimation scale of the dimensions for kinesthetic intelligence of the adaptation of Gardner's test: use the body movements as the main tool of expression [UMCPHE]; show sports and athletic skills [MHDA]; enjoy participating in dance and dramatic art activities [DPADAD]; show ability in performing manual work and using tools [MHRTMUH] and learn better when the body is involved in the activities [AMCIA]. This study showed that innovative strategies based on motor games through remote Physical Education are an alternative to encourage the improvement of kinesthetic intelligence, in addition to the fact that Physical Education has had to be transformed in terms of the use of appropriate teaching strategies, reflecting that kinesthetic intelligence is transcendental, because it has a significant impact on the development of the intellectual capacity of students in their level of self-esteem and generation of autonomy towards motor games.

RESUMEN En el contexto de la pandemia, la Educación Física en el Ecuador, al igual que las demás asignaturas, han trabajado por proyectos interdisciplinarios bajo la metodología del aprendizaje basado en proyectos. Esta investigación planteó como objetivo verificar en qué medida los juegos motrices en la Educación Física remota influyen en el desarrollo de la inteligencia kinestésica de los escolares de una institución educativa particular de Quito. Se enmarca en un paradigma cuantitativo, correspondiente a un diseño cuasiexperimental de carácter descriptivo y transversal, con medidas pretest y post-test, sin grupos de control. La muestra fue 22 estudiantes del tercer año de Educación General Básico. Se estableció como parámetro de inclusión el estar matriculado y que asistieran a las clases virtuales de Educación Física. Se construyó un instrumento con una escala de estimación de las dimensiones para la inteligencia kinestésica de la adaptación del test de Gardner; utiliza los movimientos de su cuerpo como principal herramienta de expresión [UMCPHE], manifiesta habilidades deportivas y atléticas [MHDA], disfruta de participar en actividades de danza y arte dramático [DPADAD], manifiesta habilidad en la realización de trabajos manuales y utilización de herramientas [MHRTMUH] y, aprende mejor cuando su cuerpo se ve involucrado en las actividades [AMCIA]. Este estudio demostró que las estrategias innovadoras basadas en los juegos motrices a través de una Educación Física remota, son una alternativa para poder incentivar a la mejora de la inteligencia kinestésica, además la Educación Física ha tenido que transformarse en cuanto al uso de estrategias de enseñanza adecuadas, reflejando que la inteligencia kinestésica es trascendental, porque tiene un impacto significativo en el desarrollo de la capacidad intelectual de los estudiantes en su nivel de autoestima y de generación de autonomía hacia el juego motriz.

Short-term Prophylaxis for Delivery in Pregnant Women with Hereditary Angioedema with Normal C1-Inhibitor
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Moraes, Caroline Guth de Freitas Batista de

; Mikami, Liya Regina

; Ferrari, Lilian Pereira

; Pesquero, João Bosco

; Chong-Neto, Herberto José

; Rosario Filho, Nelson Augusto

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

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dec 2020, Volume 42 N. 12 Pages 845 - 848

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo Verificar a eficácia da profilaxia de curto prazo para o parto vaginal ou cesáreo com inibidor de C1 derivado de plasma concentrado em mulheres grávidas. Eles devem ter angioedema hereditário e inibidor normal de C1 no plasma. Métodos Relato de caso de gestantes diagnosticadas com angioedema hereditário com inibidor de C1 normal que foram tratadas com inibidor intravenoso de concentrado de C1 para profilaxia de ataques de angioedema quando hospitalizadas para o parto. O exon 9 do gene de genotipagem do fator 12 (F12) foi realizado por sequenciamento automático em todos os pacientes. Resultados Três casos de gestantes com angioedema hereditário com nível sérico normal de inibidor de C1 são relatados. O teste genético detectou a presença de uma mutação patogênica no gene F12. Os partos ocorreram sem intercorrências e as pacientes não apresentaram sintomas hereditários de angioedema nas 72 horas seguintes. Conclusão O concentrado de inibidor de C1 pode ser útil para prevenir ataques de angioedema durante e após o parto.

Abstract Objective To verify the efficacy of short-term prophylaxis for vaginal or cesarean section childbirth with plasma-derived C1-inhibitor concentrate in pregnant women. They should have hereditary angioedema (HAE) and normal plasma C1-inhibitor. Methods Case report of pregnant women diagnosed with HAE with normal C1- inhibitor who had been treated with intravenous C1-inhibitor concentrate for prophylaxis of angioedema attacks when hospitalized for delivery. The exon 9 of the Factor 12 (F12) genotyping gene was performed by automatic sequencing in all patients. Results Three cases of pregnant women with HAE with normal serum level of C1- inhibitor are reported. The genetic test detected the presence of a pathogenic mutation in the F12 gene. Deliveries occurred uneventfully and patients had no HAE symptoms in the following 72 hours. Conclusion C1-inhibitor concentrate could be useful to prevent angioedema attacks during and after delivery.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1718955 346 downloads

Nasal lavage cytology and mucosal histopathological alterations in patients with rhinitis
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Kovalhuk, Loreni C.S.

; Telles, Ederaldo Queiroz

; Lima, Monica Nunes

; Rosario Filho, Nelson A.

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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aug 2020, Volume 86 N. 4 Pages 434 - 442

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução A extensão da lesão epitelial na rinite alérgica e não alérgica e sua associação com alterações inflamatórias no lavado nasal ainda não estão esclarecidas. Objetivo Verificar a relação entre o processo inflamatório no lavado nasal, extensão da lesão epitelial e espessamento da membrana basal na mucosa nasal de pacientes com rinite; determinar o ponto de corte do percentual de eosinófilos no lavado nasal associado à presença de atopia. Método Foram selecionados pacientes com rinite e indicação de septoplastia e (ou) turbinectomia por hipertrofia de conchas nasais, os quais foram submetidos aos testes cutâneos alérgicos, lavado nasal com determinação das concentrações de albumina, interleucina-8 (IL-8), contagem total e diferencial de células, análise da extensão da lesão epitelial, e grau de espessamento da membrana basal por meio de histopatologia da mucosa. Resultado Foram estudados 56 pacientes, mediana de 24,5 anos com diagnóstico de rinite alérgica (n = 36) e rinite não alérgica (n = 20). Nos atópicos os testes cutâneos alérgicos foram positivos para D. pteronyssinus em 35 (97,0%) e L. perenne em 18 (50,0%). Atópicos apresentaram maior índice de escore clínico para rinite em comparação a não atópicos. A contagem total de células, neutrófilos e níveis de albumina e IL-8 não foi diferente entre o lavado nasal de atópicos e não atópicos. O ponto de corte da contagem de eosinófilos no fluido nasal para a distinção de rinite alérgica e rinite não alérgica foi de 4%. Algum grau de lesão epitelial foi mais frequente em pacientes com rinite alérgica (94%) do que em pacientes com rinite não alérgica (65%). Na presença de espessamento da membrana basal, como marcador de remodelamento, não houve diferença no lavado nasal entre pacientes com rinite alérgica e não alérgica. Conclusão Nesta casuística, 4% foi o ponto de corte do número de eosinófilos no lavado nasal, para diferenciação de atopia. Remodelamento da via aérea superior pelo espessamento da membrana basal revelou infiltrado semelhante de células inflamatórias no lavado nasal, independentemente da presença de atopia.

Abstract Introduction The extent of epithelial lesion in allergic and non-allergic rhinitis and its association with inflammatory changes in nasal lavage has not been clarified. Objective To verify the association between the inflammatory cells in the nasal lavage, epithelial lesion extent and basement membrane thickness, in the nasal mucosa of patients with rhinitis; to determine the cutoff point of the percentage of eosinophils in the nasal lavage associated with the atopic patients. Methods Patients with rhinitis and indication for septoplasty and (or) turbinectomy for turbinate hypertrophy were selected, and were submitted to allergy skin tests, nasal lavage with measurement of albumin and interleukin-8 levels, total and differential counting of cells, and mucosal histopathological analysis to determine the extent of epithelial lesion, and degree of basement membrane thickening. Results Fifty-six patients with a median age of 24.5 years and a diagnosis of allergic rhinitis (n = 36) and non-allergic rhinitis (n = 20) were studied. In atopic subjects, allergy skin tests were positive for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in 35 (97.0%) and Lolium perenne in 18 (50.0%). Atopic subjects showed a higher clinical score index of rhinitis compared to non-atopic ones. The total count of cells, neutrophils, and levels of albumin and IL-8 were not different in the nasal lavage of atopic and non-atopic subjects. The cutoff point for eosinophil count in nasal fluid for the distinction between allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis was 4%. Some degree of epithelial lesion was more frequent in allergic rhinitis (94%) than in non-allergic rhinitis (65%) patients. In the presence of basement membrane thickness, as a marker of remodeling, there was no difference in the nasal lavage of patients with allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis. Conclusion In this series, 4% was the cutoff point for the number of eosinophils in the nasal lavage, for atopy differentiation. Upper airway remodeling accessed by basement membrane thickness showed similar inflammatory cell infiltrate in the nasal lavage, regardless of the presence of atopy.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2019.01.005 910 downloads

Determinación y análisis estadístico de la composición de los gases producidos en un piloto de recobro mejorado
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Díaz-Molina, José Manuel

; Morales-Toscano, Andrea Carolina

; Fernández-Rojas, Marisol

; Briceño-Gamba, Nelson

; Villalba-Rey, Deicy

; Rosario-Sánchez, María del

Revista ION

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jun 2019, Volume 32 N. 1 Pages 63 - 73

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen La industria petrolera en Colombia tiene el desafío de la explotación de yacimientos con crudo pesado y extrapesado. Por este motivo, en el país se han implementado métodos de recobro mejorado (EOR) que suelen tener altos índices de producción. La inyección de aire es uno de los métodos de recobro mejorado que permite alcanzar altos índices de producción. La planta Piloto de Inyección de Aire para Recobro (PIAR), ubicada en Chichimene (Meta), es pionera en el mundo por implementar este método en una reserva de crudo extrapesado (API<10) de alta profundidad. El monitoreo de las propiedades fisicoquímicas de los fluidos generados durante este proceso contribuye a asegurar el correcto funcionamiento operativo del piloto. En este trabajo se determinó por cromatografía de gases (GC) la composición de los gases de producción de 16 pozos ubicados en el área del piloto. Se encontró principalmente metano (68,5±7,1 %mol), CO2 (11,4±5,6 %mol) y N2 (6,7±4,2 %mol). La composición de los gases fue disímil en toda el área, por lo que se hicieron análisis multivariados, análisis de componentes principales (ACP) y análisis de conglomerados (AC), para evaluar las similitudes entre los gases de los pozos. Como resultado, los pozos fueron organizados en tres grupos por similitud: un grupo con los niveles más altos de metano (75,8 %mol); el segundo grupo con N2 (11,9 %mol) y un tercer grupo con los valores más altos de CO2 (20,1 %mol), conformado por tres pozos. Estos grupos fueron graficados en un mapa y se observó que se encuentran en áreas muy definidas dentro del piloto.

Abstract The oil industry in Colombia has the challenge of exploiting deposits with heavy and extra-heavy oil. For this reason, Enhanced Oil Recovery methods (EOR) have been implemented in the country, looking for high production rates. Air injection is one of the EOR methods that allows to achieve high production rates. The Air Injection Pilot (PIAR) at Chichimene (Meta) is a pioneer in the world for implementing this method in a reserve of extra heavy oil (API <10) in a high depth. The monitoring of the physicochemical properties of the fluids generated during this process helps to ensure the correct operational functioning of the pilot. In this work, the gas composition from 16 wells located in the pilot area was determined by gas chromatography (GC). Methane was found mainly (68.5 ± 7.1 %mol), followed by CO2 (11.4 ± 5.6 %mol) and N2 (6.7 ± 4.2 %mol). The composition of the gases was dissimilar throughout the area, so Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) were made to assess the similarities between the gases of the wells. As a result, the wells were organized into three groups by similarity: a group with the highest methane levels (75.8 %mol); the second group with N2 (11.9 %mol); and a third group with the highest CO2 values (20.1 %mol), consisting of three wells. These groups were plotted on a map and it was noted that they are in defined areas within the pilot.

Resumo A indústria petroleira em Colômbia tem o desafio da exploração de depósitos com petróleo pesado e extrapesado. Por este motivo, no país tem sido implementados métodos de recuperação avançada de petróleo (EOR) os quais apresentam altos índices de produção. A injeção de ar é um dos métodos de recuperação que permite alcançar altos índices de produção. A planta piloto de injeção de ar para recobro (PIAR) no campo Chichimene (Meta) é pioneira no mundo por implementar este método numa reserva de petróleo extrapesado (API <10) de alta profundidade. O monitoramento das propriedades físico-químicas dos fluidos gerados durante este processo contribui no asseguramento do correto funcionamento operativo do piloto. Neste trabalho determinou-se por cromatografia de gases (GC) a composição dos gases de produção de 16 poços localizados na área do piloto. Encontrou-se principalmente metano (68,5 ± 7,1 %mol), CO2 (11,4 ± 5,6 %mol) e N2 (6,7 ± 4,2 %mol). A composição dos gases foi variável em toda a área, por tanto foram feitos análise multivariados análise de componentes principais (ACP) e análise de conglomerados (AC) para avaliar as semelhanças entre os gases dos poços. Como resultado os poços se organizaram em 3 grupos por similaridade: um grupo com os níveis mais altos de metano (75,8 %mol); o segundo grupo com N2 (11,9 %mol); e um terceiro grupo com os valores mais altos de CO2 (20,1 %mol), conformado por três poços. Estes grupos foram plotados em um mapa e observou-se que se encontram em áreas bem definidas dentro do piloto.

https://doi.org/10.18273/revion.v32n1-2019006 407 downloads

Global warming and warning
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Rosario, Nelson A.

; D’Amato, Gennaro

; Ansotegui, Ignacio

Clinics

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2019, Volume 74 elocation e1219

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2019/e1219 1042 downloads

SENSIBILIZAÇÃO AO ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS EM FIBROCÍSTICOS
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Rosario, Nelson A.

; Riedi, Carlos A.

Revista Paulista de Pediatria

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sep 2018, Volume 36 N. 3 Pages 382 - 382

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;2018;36;3;00018 944 downloads

Diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis: there is an urgent needs to implement the use of guidelines
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Ribeiro, Maria Luiza Kraft Köhler

; Chong Neto, Herberto José

; Rosario Filho, Nelson Augusto

einstein (São Paulo)

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dec 2017, Volume 15 N. 4 Pages 500 - 506

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Anafilaxia é uma reação de hipersensibilidade generalizada ou sistêmica grave, com risco de morte, que exige atendimento rápido e correto. Este estudo teve como objetivo obter uma visão integrada do nível de conhecimento dos médicos no atendimento da anafilaxia à luz dos estudos publicados internacionalmente nos últimos 5 anos. Foram encontrados 16 estudos, com quatro pontos identificados como de maior interesse dos autores: (1) tratamento farmacológico de emergência, (2) prescrição de autoinjetores de adrenalina, (3) conhecimento dos principais indícios da anafilaxia e (4) observação do paciente para verificar reações bifásicas. A preocupação com o uso da adrenalina intramuscular como primeira escolha frente à anafilaxia foi evidente na maioria dos estudos, mas o conhecimento sobre seu uso se mostrou desigual e especialmente baixo em estudo que incluiu dados do Brasil, onde a frequência de seu uso foi de 23,8%. A adrenalina autoinjetável é altamente recomendada entre especialistas para pacientes em risco de anafilaxia, mas seu uso ainda é pouco frequente entre não especialistas e em países que não dispõem dela em seus mercados internos. Estudos de intervenção comprovaram a melhora no entendimento dos médicos sobre anafilaxia após a divulgação das informações contidas nas diretrizes internacionais. A análise dos estudos reforça a necessidade de disseminar as diretrizes internacionais no manejo da anafilaxia, bem como de disponibilizar a adrenalina autoinjetável, a fim de melhorar o atendimento e evitar um desfecho fatal.

ABSTRACT Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening generalized or systemic hypersensitivity reaction that requires rapid and adequate care. This study aimed to obtain an integrated view of the level of physicians' knowledge related with treatment of anaphylaxis in studies published within the last 5 years. Sixteen studies were found and four points were identified as of the great interest to the authors: (1) emergency pharmacological treatment, (2) epinephrine auto-injectors prescription, (3) knowledge of the main signs of anaphylaxis, and (4) admission of the patient to verify biphasic reactions. Concern about the use of intramuscular adrenaline as the first choice in relation with anaphylaxis was evident in most studies, rather than its use in the comparison dial, and especially low in a study that included data from Brazil, in which the frequency of its use was 23.8%. An adrenaline autoinjector is highly recommended among specialists for patients at risk of anaphylaxis, however, its use is still infrequent among non-specialists and in countries that this agent is not available. Intervention studies have shown improved medical knowledge of anaphylaxis following disclosure of the information contained in the international guidelines. The analysis of these studies reinforces the need to disseminate international guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis, as well as providing an adrenaline autoinjector, to improve management and to prevent a fatal outcome.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082017rw4089 8474 downloads

10.

La Carta de Jerusalén: un nuevo paradigma en el cuidado de los niños y adolescentes alérgicos en las escuelas de Latinoamérica
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Solé, Dirceu

; Urrutia-Pereira, Marilyn

; Sisul-Alvariza, Juan Carlos

; Jares, Edgardo J.

; Sánchez-Borges, Mario

; Ansotegui, Ignacio J.

; Cruz, Álvaro A.

; Chong-Neto, Herberto José

; Rosario, Nelson

; González-Díaz, Sandra Nora

; Badellino, Héctor

; Valentín-Rostán, Marylin

; Gómez, René Maximiliano

; Teijeiro, Álvaro

; Ensina, Luis Felipe

; Cocco, Renata

; Saccardo-Sarni, Roseli

Revista alergia México

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mar 2017, Volume 64 N. 1 Pages 3 - 6

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.29262/ram.v64i1.249 251 downloads

11.

Polyphasic characterisation of Burkholderia cepaciacomplex species isolated from children with cystic fibrosis
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Vicenzi, Fernando José

; Pillonetto, Marcelo

; Souza, Helena Aguilar Peres Homem de Mello de

; Palmeiro, Jussara Kasuko

; Riedi, Carlos Antônio

; Rosario-Filho, Nelson Augusto

; Dalla-Costa, Libera Maria

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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jan 2016, Volume 111 N. 1 Pages 37 - 42

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) pulmonary infections have high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to compare different methods for identification of Bcc species isolated from paediatric CF patients. Oropharyngeal swabs from children with CF were used to obtain isolates of Bcc samples to evaluate six different tests for strain identification. Conventional (CPT) and automatised (APT) phenotypic tests, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-recA, restriction fragment length polymorphism-recA, recAsequencing, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) were applied. Bacterial isolates were also tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. PCR-recA analysis showed that 36 out of the 54 isolates were Bcc. Kappa index data indicated almost perfect agreement between CPT and APT, CPT and PCR-recA, and APT and PCR-recA to identify Bcc, and MALDI-TOF and recAsequencing to identify Bcc species. The recAsequencing data and the MALDI-TOF data agreed in 97.2% of the isolates. Based on recA sequencing, the most common species identified were Burkholderia cenocepacia IIIA (33.4%),Burkholderia vietnamiensis (30.6%), B. cenocepaciaIIIB (27.8%), Burkholderia multivorans (5.5%), and B. cepacia (2.7%). MALDI-TOF proved to be a useful tool for identification of Bcc species obtained from CF patients, although it was not able to identify B. cenocepacia subtypes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760150314 1403 downloads

12.

Basal and induced thermotolerance to heat shocks in Bemisia tabaci biotype B(Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
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MUÑOZ-VALENCIA, VANESSA

; DÍAZ-GONZÁLEZ, FERNANDO

; MANZANO-MARTÍNEZ, MARÍA DEL ROSARIO

; TORO-PEREA, NELSON

; CÁRDENAS-HENAO, HEIBER

Revista Colombiana de Entomología

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jun 2013, Volume 39 N. 1 Pages 18 - 25

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

La mosca blanca, Bemisia tabaci biotipo B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) es plaga agrícola clave y vector de virus en diversos cultivos alrededor del mundo. Se distribuye en ambientes cálidos con periodos cortos de temperaturas extremas, lo cual evidencia mecanismos para adaptarse y expandirse a nuevas zonas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar como la temperatura afecta el "fitness" de B. tabaci, particularmente en periodos cortos de temperaturas altas estresantes. Se construyó una curva de termotolerancia a diferentes choques térmicos de 1 hora (37, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45 °C y control a 25 °C), midiendo su efecto sobre tres características de historia de vida implicadas en el "fitness": supervivencia, fecundidad y viabilidad. Luego, se escogieron las temperaturas para establecer un tratamiento de termotolerancia inducida o acondicionamiento térmico (40 °C/1h, 25 °C/1h y 45 °C/1h), que fue comparado con la termotolerancia basal (45 °C/1h). Los choques térmicos afectaron significativamente la supervivencia de B. tabaci entre 41 °C (82,5%) y 45 °C (2,7%). La fecundidad solo fue afectada significativamente a 45 °C, sin oviposición. La viabilidad disminuyó significativamente a 44 °C (67%). El acondicionamiento térmico aumentó la supervivencia desde 2,73% (45 °C/1h) hasta 10% en machos y 33% en hembras, aunque este aumento solo fue significativo en las hembras. Estos resultados muestran una alta termotolerancia de B. tabaci a los choques térmicos, evidenciando la plasticidad de la especie para sobrevivir a un amplio rango de temperaturas (≥ 25 °C), lo cual contribuye a explicar la expansión de la distribución del biotipo B en áreas y estaciones con periodos de temperaturas altas extremas.

The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a key agricultural pest and virus vector in diverse crops throughout the world. It is distributed in warm environments with short periods of extreme temperatures, suggesting mechanisms to adapt and expand to new areas. The aim of this study was to determine how temperature affects fitness of B. tabaci, particularly during short periods of stressful high temperatures. Thermotolerance curves were constructed at different one-hour heat shocks (37, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45 °C and a control at 25 °C), measuring its effect on three life history traits involved in fitness: survival, fecundity and viability. Then, temperatures were selected to establish an induced thermotolerance or hardening treatment (40 °C/1h, 25 °C/1h and 45 °C/1h) to compare with the basal thermotolerance (45 °C/1h). The heat shocks significantly affected B. tabaci survival between 41 °C (82.5%) and 45 °C (2.7%). Fecundity was only affected significantly at 45°C without oviposition. Viability diminished significantly at 44 °C (67%). Thermal hardening increased survival from 2.73% (45 °C/1h) to 10% in males and 33% in females; although it was significantly higher in females, only. These results show high thermotolerance of B. tabaci to heat shocks, evidencing plasticity of the species to survive a broad range of temperatures (≥ 25 °C), which contributes to explaining the expansion of biotype B distribution in areas and seasons with extreme high temperatures.

1766 downloads

13.

Anaphylaxis in Latin America: a report of the online Latin American survey on anaphylaxis (OLASA)
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Sole, Dirceu

; Ivancevich, Juan Carlos

; Borges, Mario Sanchez

; Coelho, Magna Adaci

; Rosario, Nelson A.

; Ardusso, Ledit Ramón Francisco

; Bernd, Luis Antônio Guerra

Clinics

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2011, Volume 66 N. 6 Pages 943 - 947

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: The aims of the Online Latin American Survey of Anaphylaxis (OLASA) were to identify the main clinical manifestations, triggers, and treatments of severe allergic reactions in patients who were seen by allergists from July 2008 to June 2010 in 15 Latin American countries and Portugal (n =634). RESULTS: Of all patients, 68.5% were older than 18 years, 41.6% were male, and 65.4% experienced the allergic reaction at home. The etiologic agent was identified in 87.4% of cases and predominantly consisted of drugs (31.2%), foods (23.3%), and insect stings (14.9%). The main symptom categories observed during the acute episodes were cutaneous (94.0%) and respiratory (79.0%). The majority of patients (71.6%) were treated initially by a physician (office/emergency room) within the first hour after the reaction occurred (60.2%), and 43.5% recovered in the first hour after treatment. Most patients were treated in an emergency setting, but only 37.3% received parenteral epinephrine alone or associated with other medication. However, 80.5% and 70.2% were treated with corticosteroids or antihistamines (alone or in association), respectively. A total of 12.9% of the patients underwent reanimation maneuvers, and 15.2% were hospitalized. Only 5.8% of the patients returned to the emergency room after discharge, with 21.7% returning in the first 6 hours after initial treatment. CONCLUSION: The main clinical manifestations of severe allergic reactions were cutaneous. The etiologic agents that were identified as causing these acute episodes differed according to age group. Following in order: drugs (31.2%), foods (23.3% and insect stings (14.9%) in adults with foods predominance in children. Treatment provided for acute anaphylactic reactions was not appropriate. It is necessary to improve educational programs in order to enhance the knowledge on this potentially fatal emergency.

11700 downloads Cited 6 times in SciELO

14.

Especies, distribución y hospederos del género Anastrepha Schiner en el departamento del Tolima, Colombia
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Castañeda, María del Rosario

; Osorio F, Armando

; Canal, Nelson A

; Galeano, Pedro Édgar

Agronomía Colombiana

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aug 2010, Volume 28 N. 2 Pages 264 - 272

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Las moscas del género Anastrepha constituyen una de las principales plagas de la fruticultura colombiana. El conocimiento de la diversidad de especies presentes en un área es el primer paso en el diseño de estudios tendientes a establecer tecnologías apropiadas de manejo. Además de un listado de las especies de Anastrepha identificadas en el Laboratorio de Entomología de la Universidad del Tolima desde 1988 hasta la fecha a través de diversos estudios realizados en este departamento, el presente trabajo incluye también la distribución y hospederos de dichas especies provenientes de diez municipios del departamento, con alturas entre 300 y 2.500 msnm. Se identificaron 60.688 especímenes pertenecientes a 24 especies de Anastrepha. Mediante la recolección de frutos se asociaron 16 especies de hospederos (incluyendo cinco nuevos reportes) a nueve especies de Anastrepha. Las especies A. distincta Greene, A. sororcula Zucchi y A. striata Schiner fueron las que presentaron una distribución altitudinal más amplia (300 a 2.200 msnm). Por su parte, A. obliqua solo se encontró desde los 300 hasta los 1.550 msnm. Especies de importancia cuarentenaria como A. fraterculus (Wiedemann), A. grandis Macquart y A. serpentina (Wiedemann) se encontraron por arriba de los 1.100, 960 y 900 msnm, respectivamente

The flies of the genus Anastrepha are one of the most important pests affecting Colombian fruit production. Knowing the diversity of species that can be found in a given area is the first step leading to the conduction of the necessary studies to establish adequate management technologies. Besides a list of the Anastrepha species that have been identified in the Entomology Laboratory of the University of Tolima, coming from diverse studies conducted in this department since 1988, the current work includes the hosts and distribution of such species. A total of 60,688 specimens belonging to 24 Anastrepha species were identified in ten municipalities of the department, ranging from 300 to 2,500 m a.s.l. By means of fruit collection, 16 hosts (including five newly reported ones) were associated to 9 Anastrepha species. Wide altitudinal distributions (ranging from 300 to 2,200 m a.s.l.) were found for A. distincta Greene, A. sororcula Zucchi and A. striata Schiner. In turn, A. obliqua was found between 300 and 1,550 m a.s.l. Important quarantine species such as A. fraterculus (Wiedemann), A. grandis (Macquart) and A. serpentina (Wiedemann) were found above 1,100, 960 and 900 m a.s.l., respectively.

3172 downloads

15.

Convergencias, divergencias, variabilidad, puntos de corte e indicación de la glucemia de ayuno, la hemoglobina glucosilada e insulinemia
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Traverso, Raquel

; Frechtel, Gustavo

; Bueno, Rosario

; Coppes, Laura

; Costa, Isabel

; Ferrand, Cristina

; Fraschini, Juan José

; Gaione, Patricia

; García, Virginia

; Javiel, Gerardo

; Jorge, Ana María

; Pachiotti, Cecilia

; Peloche, Andrea

; Pereyra, Enzo

; Ruffinatti, Maria José

; Traverso, Raquel

; Commendatore, Victor

; Ferrari, Norma

; Frechtel, Gustavo

; García, Alicia

; Linari, María Amelia

; Maselli, María del Carmen

; Mazzei, Héctor

; Musso, Carla

; Puchulu, Félix M

; Rebolledo, Oscar

; Rodríguez, Martín

; Rodríguez Pappini, Nelson

; Sereday, Martha

; Traversa, Mercedes

; Urdaneta, Raquel

Archivos de Medicina Interna

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jun 2010, Volume 32 N. 2-3 Pages 41 - 49

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

4126 downloads

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