ABSTRACT: Ventilation systems used in swine facilities deserve to be studied because they directly affect productivity in the pig farming sector. Bearing this in mind the uniformity of air distribution and temperature is essential to animal welfare in this breeding environment. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify whether changes in air entrances and exhaust fan positioning could influence air velocity and temperature distribution. The experimental data were collected in a commercial full-scale sow facility. Validation was carried out by comparing the simulated air temperatures and data measured in the field. These results showed agreement between data with a maximum relative error of approximately 3 %. The real settings showed a gradual increase in the air velocity from the air entrances and dead zones due to the change in airflow direction. There was no difference when the positioning of the exhaust fans was altered or was maintained in the original air entrances. The proposed arrangement with only one air inlet reduced the areas of low air movement as a consequence of the change in flow direction. Furthermore, the variables have the same pattern along the transversal plane. The simulations showed that the position of the air inlets had a higher influence on temperature distribution.

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito dos modelos de escamoteador no aquecimento e desempenho dos leitões. O modelo 1 (MOD 1) era formado por oito escamoteadores de alvenaria, aquecimento por resistência elétrica embutida no piso e iluminação com lâmpada fluorescente de 7 W. O modelo 2 (MOD 2) era formado por oito escamoteadores de madeira e aquecimento por lâmpada incandescente de 60 W. Os dados de temperatura e umidade foram registrados do nascimento ao 26º dia de vida da leitegada e o peso médio da leitegada foi obtido no segundo dia e no 21º dia de vida. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo modelo de medidas repetidas, utilizando o MIXED do SAS (2002-2003). Foram testados os efeitos de modelo, semana e a interação. Escamoteadores do MOD 1 obtiveram média de 20,75% dos dados de temperatura dentro do conforto térmico durante o período experimental em relação ao MOD 2. Somente na primeira semana o MOD 2 foi melhor, com 26,04%, enquanto o MOD 1 obteve 3,90%. Leitegadas do MOD 1 obtiveram peso final superior de 13,80% em relação à leitegada do MOD 2. Conclui-se que o MOD 1 obteve os melhores resultados quando relacionados os resultados de ambiente e ganho de peso médio das leitegadas.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of creep models for heating and piglet performance. Model 1 (MOD 1), consisted of eight creep of masonry, electrical resistance heating built into the floor and lighting with fluorescent lamps of 7 W. Model 2 (MOD 2), consisting of eight creep of wood and heating by 60 W incandescent lamp The data of temperature and humidity were recorded from birth to 26 days of life and litter, the average litter weight was obtained on the second day and on day 21 of life. The statistical model for repeated measures using the MIXED of SAS (2002-2003) was used. We tested the effects of model, week and interaction. Creep MOD 1 got an average of 20.75% of the temperature data within the thermal comfort during the experimental period in relation to MOD 2. Only the first two weeks the MOD was better with 26.04%, while the MOD 1 was 3.90%. MOD 1 litters had higher final weight of 13.80% compared to litter the MOD 2. We conclude that the MOD 1 achieved the best results related to the environment and average weight gain of litters.

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o desempenho produtivo dos animais influenciados por programas de luz na fase de creche. O experimento foi realizado na Embrapa Suínos e Aves. Os tratamentos foram associados à iluminação da sala, sendo em cada sala aplicado um tratamento diferente: Programa LN - Iluminação natural (controle); Programa 16L:8E - Programa de iluminação artificial de 16 horas diárias de luz e 8 horas de escuro, mais iluminação solar vinda das janelas; Programa 23L:1E - Programa de iluminação artificial de 23 horas diárias de luz e 1 hora de escuro, mais iluminação solar vinda das janelas. As variáveis consumo de ração e ganho de peso diário foram coletadas diariamente na primeira semana e a cada sete dias após este período. Em todas as semanas estudadas, os programas de iluminação apresentaram diferentes (p < 0,05) valores de lux. Somente na primeira semana, os leitões que receberam iluminação artificial apresentaram maior (p < 0,05) desempenho. Os programas de iluminação avaliados não apresentaram, em fase de creche, melhorias no desempenho dos leitões que justificassem a sua utilização.

To evaluate the influence of artificial illumination on daily weight gain (DWG) in piglets in nursery phase, the present trial was carried out at Embrapa - National Swine and Poultry Research Center. The treatments were related to the illumination of the room, where a different treatment was applied to each room: Program NI - Natural Illumination (control); Program 16L: 8E - Artificial illumination program consisting of 16 hours per day with illumination and eight hours in the dark as well as solar lighting from the windows; Program 23L:1E - Artificial Illumination program consisting of 23 hours per day of illumination and one hour in the dark and well as solar light from the window. The variables daily feed intake and daily weight gain (DWG) in piglets were collected daily on the first week and every seven days after this period in the nursery phase. In every studied week, the illumination programs presented different (p < 0,05) lux values. Only in first week, the piglets that received artificial illumination they presented larger (p < 0,05) performance. The illumination programs evaluated didn't present improvement in the performance of the piglets that that justifies its use.