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Abstract This study aimed to adapt the Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale to Portugal and examine the reliability and validity of the Portuguese version of the scale (Pt-CF-Short Scale) among Portuguese firefighters. The factor structure of the Pt-CF-Short Scale was compared to the one-factor model fit and a two-factor model and second-order factor model in a sample of 512 firefighters. Confirmatory factor analysis procedures confirmed the good fit of a second-order factor model with two first-order factors (secondary trauma and job burnout). The Pt-CF-Short Scale showed good internal consistency evidence. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and WHOQOOL-Bref were used as convergent measures to assess psychological distress, anxiety, depression, and interpersonal sensitivity and quality of life, respectively. The measure presented a strong correlation with psychological distress and weak and negative association with quality of life. The Pt-CF-Short Scale contributes to understanding compassion fatigue and its correlates within the context of emergency workers. Results indicate that this scale is a valid and reliable assessment tool in evaluating compassion fatigue.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo adaptar a Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale para Portugal e examinar a fiabilidade e validade da versão portuguesa da escala (Pt-CFShort Scale) entre bombeiros portugueses. A estrutura fatorial da CF-Short Scale foi comparada com o ajuste do modelo de um fator e um modelo de dois fatores e um modelo de fator de segunda ordem em uma amostra de 512 bombeiros. Os procedimentos de análise fatorial confirmatória confirmaram o bom ajuste de um modelo fatorial de segunda ordem com dois fatores de primeira ordem (trauma secundário e esgotamento profissional). As evidências de consistência interna mostraram bons coeficientes e boa validade convergente foi encontrada ao correlacionar essa escala com sofrimento psíquico, ansiedade, depressão e sensibilidade interpessoal. No entanto, essa medida apresentou associação fraca e negativa com as dimensões do WHOQOL-Bref. A validade discriminante foi confirmada. A escala Pt-CF-short contribui para a compreensão da trajetória da fadiga por compaixão e seus correlatos no contexto dos socorristas. Os resultados indicam que esta escala é uma ferramenta de avaliação válida e confiável na avaliação da fadiga por compaixão.

https://doi.org/10.14417/ap.1939

Surface Modification of the Ti25Ta25Nb3Sn Alloy and its Influence on The Cell and Bacteria Adhesion - In Vitro Studies
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Souza, Marisa A.

; Lima, Marcia C. M.

; Escada, Ana L. A.

; Pimentel, Bruna N. A. S.

; Vergani, Carlos E.

; Sabino, Roberta M.

; Popat, Ketul C.

; Alves, Ana P. Rosifini

Materials Research

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e20230113

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In this study, alkaline treatment was used to change the surface of the new beta titanium alloy Ti25Ta25Nb3Sn and enhance its bioactivity. Ti25Ta25Nb3Sn, a new experimental alloy was processed in the laboratory and the surfaces were modified using alkaline treatment. Samples were soaked at 60 0C for 24 hours in different NaOH solutions to obtain surfaces with different morphologies. The surfaces were characterized by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The wettability of the surfaces was measured using the sessile drop method. In vitro studies were carried out to evaluate cell adhesion, proliferation, and bacteria adhesion. As a result of the alkaline treatment, a nanoporous and amorphous layer was formed on the Ti25Ta25Nb3Sn alloy surface with super hydrophilic behavior for all conditions evaluated. However, different nano topography was observed which affected biological response. The morphology obtained after immersion in 1.5 NaOH solution led to bacteria adhesion decreased and osteoblasts cells differentiation. Results of this study show that is possible to obtain a new titanium experimental alloy with excellent bulk and surface properties that may decrease the risk of infections and increase osseointegration.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2023-0113

Comparative analysis of the biocompatibility of endothelial cells on surfaces treated by thermal plasma and cold atmospheric plasma
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SOUZA, ALAN MAX T. DE

; BRAZ, JANINE KARLA F. DA SILVA

; MARTINS, GABRIEL M.

; VITORIANO, JUSSIER DE OLIVEIRA

; G.A. NETO, AURÉLIO

; NERY, DAVID M.

; SABINO, VLADIMIR G.

; LUCENA, EUDES E. DE SOUZA

; ROCHA, HUGO ALEXANDRE DE OLIVEIRA

; BARBOZA, CARLOS AUGUSTO G.

; A. JÚNIOR, CLODOMIRO

; MOURA, CARLOS EDUARDO B. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 3 elocation e20220865

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract In recent years, cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is used for surface disinfection. However, little is known about its ability to improve biocompatibility of metallic surfaces when compared to thermal plasma methods. In this context, the study aimed to evaluate the response of human endothelial cells (Ea.hy926) on titanium surfaces treated by non-thermal plasma method and thermal plasma method under nitriding atmosphere. The wettability was characterized by the sessile drop method, the topography and roughness were evaluated by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the microstructure by grazing angle X-ray diffraction (GIXRD). Endothelial cells were cultured and evaluated for morphology by scanning electron microscopy and viability by an MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. CAP treatment reduced the contact angle of the Ti surface (13.43° ± 1.48; p<0.05), increasing hydrophilicity. Rz roughness was higher on the nitrided surface (220.44±20.30; p< 0.001) compared to the CAP treated surfaces (83.29 ± 11.61; p< 0.001) and polished (75.98 ±34.21a); p<0.001). The different applied plasma treatments created different titanium surfaces improving the biocompatibility of endothelial cells, however CAP results demonstrate its potential for biomedical applications, considering the low cost and ease of use of the technique, allowing surface treatments before clinical procedures.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220865

Scientific diving in Brazil: history, present and perspectives
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Leite, Tatiana S.

; Pinheiro, Igor E.

; Berchez, Flávio

; Bertoncini, Áthila A.

; Cima, Oswaldo M. Del

; Demetrescu, Irene E.

; Francini-Filho, Ronaldo B.

; Kikuchi, Ruy K.P

; Machado, Arthur A.

; Maia-Nogueira, Rodrigo

; Martins, Flavio L.

; Mendes, Liana F.

; Rambelli, Gilson

; Sampaio, Claudio L.S.

; Segal, Barbara

; Aguiar, Aline A.

; Auler, Augusto S.

; Barroco-Neto, José

; Bonaldo, Roberta M.

; Buchmann, Francisco S.

; Calippo, Flavio

; Cesar, Augusto

; Gama, Matheus A.C.

; Ghilardi-Lopes, Natalia

; Leão, Zelinda M.A.N.

; Lessa, Guilherme C.

; Menegola, Carla

; Pinheiro, Hudson T.

; Rocha, Luiz A.

; Sabino, José

; Seoane, José C.S.

; Sestokas, Julia

; Tiago, Cláudio C.

; Wegner, Ewerton

; Lotufo, Tito

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 elocation e23045

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Scientific diving (SD) is defined as any diving activity that applies scientific procedures to produce subsidies for studies and technical works in underwater environments. The first report of an underwater scientific study in Brazil dates to the 19th century, in the Abrolhos reefs. Currently, in Brazil, scientific diving has been performed in various areas, from shallow coastal regions to remote and sometimes hard-to-reach places, such as oceanic islands, flooded caves, and icy areas like Antarctica. However, the regulation of SD in Brazil still lacks more concrete actions towards an effective and efficient self-regulation that offers physical safety to practitioners and institutional safeguards for organizations that use it in their research projects. Thus, this article aims to contribute to a better understanding of this critical issue in Brazil and to serve as a reference and incentive for the training of professionals and the development of these activities in the country. It includes: 1) a historical review of SD; 2) a diagnosis of the training and application of SD in Brazil; 3) the evolution of marine sciences in Brazil from the perspective of SD; 4) a review of the use of environmental assessment and underwater conservation techniques in oceans and internal waters; 5) an analysis of the evolution of scientific diver training in Brazil, including a diagnosis on training; 6) the history and updates of the rules, regulations, and safety of SD. Given all the potential of diving combined with specific techniques for research, monitoring, and marine and limnic science in Brazil, we aim to understand the evolution of scientific diving teaching and to outline perspectives in the country, as it is crucial for the training of qualified scientists capable of performing these underwater tasks. Finally, we present future plans for the development of this activity in Brazil from the point of view of research and the labor market.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.23036tsl

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of probable cases of congenital Zika syndrome and dengue antibody levels, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico
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Cardenas Ayala, Víctor M.

; Moreno Pérez, Jazmín

; Cabrera Besares, Karla

; Moreno Lara, Iris F.

; Morales Arias, Sabino

; Salvatierra Izaba, Ernesto

; De Dios Gómez, Victor

; Palermo, Pedro M.

; Orbegozo, Jeanette

; Watts, Douglas M.

Población y Salud en Mesoamérica

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dec 2022, Volume 20 N. 1 Pages 28 - 46

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: Previamente los autores habían encontrado evidencia de sub-notificación de la ocurrencia del síndrome congénito por Zika en México. Se ha postulado que niveles elevados de anticuerpos contra los virus del dengue a nivel poblacional en los países endémicos hubiese contribuido a la ocurrencia de la pandemia regional de enfermedad por Zika. Ensamblamos una serie de casos sospechosos de síndrome congénito por Zika en un hospital de maternidad en Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México, para evaluar por qué no fueron notificados y explorar la hipótesis de enfermedad por Zika incrementada por anticuerpos anti-dengue. Métodos: Utilizamos un enfoque cuantitativo para describir 13 casos sospechosos de síndrome congénito por revisamos registros clínicos e imágenes, entrevistas. También cuantificamos los niveles de anticuerpos para los virus dengue 1 y 2 en suero de las madres de los casos comparados con los de mujeres que tuvieron recién nacidos normales en el mismo hospital. Resultados: Solamente uno de los 12 casos sospechosos fue confirmado por laboratorio, porque en los demás no se recolectaron especímenes adecuados de los neonatos como lo requería la definición de casos. Encontramos 1) microcefalia, 2) hipoplasia y adelgazamiento de las estructuras cerebrales, 3) malformaciones múltiples, 4) calcificaciones o quistes, 5) meningocele/encefalocele, y 6) hidrocefalia en: 100 %, 76.9 %, 38.5 %, 38.5 %, 30.8 %, y 23.1 %, en ese orden entre los casos sospechosos. Los casos se aglutinaron geográficamente y 77 % ocurrieron entre Mayo del 2016 y Marzo del 2017, y sus madres recordaban que tuvieron o que un profesional de la salud les dijo que tuvieron fiebre por Zika. Encontramos un incremento de casi 4 veces en el riesgo de síndrome congénito por Zika para aquellos con altos niveles de anticuerpos anti-dengue 1 comparado con anticuerpos anti-dengue 2 (cociente de suertes = 3.6; intervalo de confianza del 95 %: 0.7, 20.5), alcanzando solamente una significancia estadística limítrofe. Conclusiones: Encontramos en el establecimiento de atención a la maternidad más grande en la capital de Chiapas, México, que solamente 7.7 % de los casos sospechosos de síndrome congénito por Zika fueron confirmados y que los relativamente complejos requerimientos de la definición de casos de muestras serológicas o de líquido cefalorraquídeo resultó en una baja sensibilidad del sistema de vigilancia. El hallazgo de niveles más altos de anticuerpos a dengue 1 que dengue 2 requiere más evaluación y pudiera sugerir un papel de la respuesta dependiente de anticuerpos al dengue en Zika.

Abstract Introduction: We previously found that the occurrence of congenital Zika syndrome was under-reported in Mexico. It was postulated that high dengue virus antibody levels found at the population-level in endemic countries might have contributed to the occurrence of the regional pandemic of Zika disease. A case series of suspected cases of congenital Zika syndrome in a maternity hospital in Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico was assembled to assess why they were not reported and to explore the hypothesis of dengue virus antibody-dependent enhancement of Zika disease. Methods: We used a quantitative approach to describe clinical and imaging records and used data from interviews of a total of 13 suspected cases of congenital Zika syndrome. We also quantitated dengue 1 and 2 antibodies using an 80% plaque reduction neutralization test of sera specimens obtained from the mothers of these 13 cases and compared them to those of a group of mothers who delivered normal newborns in the same hospital. Results: Only one of the suspected cases was laboratory-confirmed because appropriate specimens were not collected from the newborns as required by the case definition. We found 1) microcephaly, 2) hypoplasia/hypogeneses, thinning or absence of brain structures, 3) multiple birth defects, 4) calcifications, and cysts, 5) meningocele/encephalocele, and 6) hydrocephalus in 100 %, 76.9 %, 38.5 %, 38.5 %, 30.8 %, and 23.1 %, respectively of the case series. The cases clustered geographically, and 77 % occurred between May 2016 to March 2017 and recalled or were told by a doctor they had Zika fever. There was a four-fold increased risk of congenital Zika syndrome among those with dengue 1 antibody as compared to those with dengue 2 antibodies (odds ratio = 3.6; 95 % confidence interval: 0.7, 20.5), reaching only borderline statistical significance. Conclusions: We found in the largest maternal facility of the capital of the State of Chiapas, in Mexico, that only 7.7 % of suspected cases were confirmed, and that the rather complex requirement of cerebrospinal fluid specimens or serological specimens of newborns for suspected cases of congenital Zika syndrome used during the pandemic resulted in low sensitivity of the surveillance system. The finding of higher levels of dengue 1 than dengue 2 antibodies in cases than the referent population, requires further evaluation and may suggest a role for dengue antibody-dependent response in Zika disease.

https://doi.org/10.15517/psm.v20i1.48339

Molecular docking studies and evaluation of the antiretroviral activity and cytotoxicity of the species Lafoensia pacari Saint-Hilaire
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Fonseca, S. A.

; Cunha, A. L.

; Lima, F. C. A.

; Silva, M. S. Cruz e

; Silva, K.W. L.

; Araújo, M. V.

; Moreira, M. S. A.

; Bento, E. S.

; Sabino, A. R.

; Rocha, T. J. M.

; Ferreira, R. C. S.

; Costa, J. G. da

; Santos, A. F.

; Santana, A. E. G.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e256261

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O interesse por espécies vegetais com ação antiviral tem crescido exponencialmente e algumas tem sido relatadas como possuídoras de propriedades anti-HIV. Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo realizar o fracionamento fitoquímico biodirecionado pela atividade antirretroviral das cascas do caule da espécie Lafoensia pacari. Trata-se de um estudo experimental in vitro e a metodologia envolve preparo do material vegetal, obtenção do extrato etanólico, fracionamento, purificação, identificação e quantificação das frações, extração ácido-base, ressonância magnética nuclear, teste de inibição da TR do HIV-1 e estudos de docking molecular. A partir do fracionamento biodirecionado pela atividade antirretroviral verificou-se uma maior atividade nas subfrações acetanólica. Com destaque para a subfração acetanólica neutros com 60,98% de inibição de TR e o ácido elágico com 88,61% de inibição de TR e ausência de citotoxicidade. Verificou-se com o teste de citotoxicidade em linhagem de macrófagos que a fração clorofórmica foi mais tóxica que a fração acetanólica. A análise do espectro J-resolvido na região aromática apresentou um simpleto em 7.48 e 6.93 ppm que foram identificados como ácido elágico e ácido gálico respectivamente. A enzima 5TIQ obteve melhor parâmetro de afinidade com o ligante ácido elágico que foi confirmado pelos espectros HSQC-1H-13C. O ácido gálico mostrou-se também favorável a formar interação com a enzima 5TIQ, sendo confirmado através do espectro HSQC-1H-13C. Através da avaliação do PreADMET verificou-se que o ácido elágico é uma molécula promissora pela sua atividade de inibição da TR e parâmetros farmacocinéticos e de toxicidade.

Abstract Interest in antiviral plant species has grown exponentially and some have been reported to have anti-HIV properties. This research aims to perform the bio-guided phytochemical fractionation by antiretroviral activity of Lafoensia pacari stem barks. This in vitro experimental study involved the preparation of plant material, obtention of ethanolic extract, fractionation, purification, identification and quantification of fractions, acid-base extraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, HIV-1 RT inhibition test and molecular docking studies. From the bio-guided fractionation by the antiretroviral activity there was a higher activity in the acetanolic subfractions, highlighting the acetate subfraction – neutrals with 60.98% of RT inhibition and ellagic acid with 88.61% of RT inhibition and absence of cytotoxicity. The macrophage lineage cytotoxicity assay showed that the chloroform fraction was more toxic than the acetate fraction. The analysis of the J-resolved spectrum in the aromatic region showed a singlet at 7.48 and 6.93 ppm which was identified as ellagic acid and gallic acid, respectively. The 5TIQ enzyme obtained better affinity parameter with the ellagic acid ligand, which was confirmed by the HSQC-1H-13C spectra. Gallic acid was also favorable to form interaction with the 5TIQ enzyme, being confirmed through the HSQC-1H-13C spectrum. From the PreADMET evaluation it was found that ellagic acid is a promising molecule for its RT inhibition activity and pharmacokinetic and toxicity parameters.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.256261

Feasibility of pulsed phase thermography for moisture estimation
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Fragoso-Mandujano, A.

; Perez-Patricio, M.

; Camas-Anzueto, J. L.

; Guerra-Crespo, H.

; Simá-Moo, E.

; Velázquez-Trujillo, Sabino

; Hernández-Castillo, J. B.

Journal of applied research and technology

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2022, Volume 20 N. 1 Pages 48 - 57

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract: The dehydration of farm products provides farmers an opportunity to preserve their products longer and simultaneously earn more profit from them. Nevertheless, traditionally, the dehydrated products' quality has been determined using invasive methods, for example, through manual measurements with a Vernier caliper and a micrometer. However, manual measurements have their most significant weakness in monitoring continuous production lines and, that is why an efficient methodology is often required for estimating the moisture in dehydrated products. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of pulsed thermography for estimating the moisture content of farm products in the drying process. In this paper, a methodology to estimate dehydration in real-time was developed, and the design and construction of a real-time pulsed thermographic imaging system were described. Moreover, to demonstrate the operation principle, Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves were used in a dehydration process. The specimen was submitted to a heat pulse, and an infrared camera observed its reaction through time; then, a characteristic curve was generated from the sequence of captured images. That curve relates the moisture content with the response to the heat pulse. The results demonstrated the efficiency of the pulsed thermography in differentiating the percentage of dehydration in Neem leaves.

https://doi.org/10.22201/icat.24486736e.2022.20.1.1227 11 downloads

Galectina-3 Associada a Formas Graves e Mortalidade em Longo Prazo em Pacientes com Doença de Chagas
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Fernandes, Fábio

; Moreira, Carlos Henrique Valente

; Oliveira, Lea Campos

; Souza-Basqueira, Marcela

; Ianni, Barbara Maria

; Lorenzo, Claudia di

; Ramires, Felix José Alvarez

; Nastari, Luciano

; Cunha-Neto, Edecio

; Ribeiro, Antonio L.

; Lopes, Renato Delascio

; Keating, Sheila M.

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Mady, Charles

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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feb 2021, Volume 116 N. 2 Pages 248 - 256

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento As características histopatológicas da doença de Chagas (DCC) são: presença de miocardite, destruição das fibras cardíacas e fibrose miocárdica. A Galectina-3 (Gal-3) é um biomarcador envolvido no mecanismo de fibrose e inflamação que pode ser útil para a estratificação de indivíduos com DCC por risco. Objetivos Nosso objetivo foi avaliar se níveis elevados de Gal-3 estão associados a formas graves de cardiomiopatia chagásica (CC) e são preditivos de mortalidade. Métodos Estudamos doadores de sangue (DS) positivos para anti-T. cruzi: não-CC-DS (187 DS sem CC com eletrocardiograma [ECG] e fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo [FEVE] normais); CC-Não-Dis-DS (46 DS com CC e apresentando ECG anormal, mas FEVE normal); e 153 controles negativos correspondentes. Esta amostra foi composta por 97 pacientes com CC grave (CC-Dis). Usamos as correlações de Kruskall-Wallis e Spearman para testar a hipótese de associações, assumindo um p bicaudal <0,05 como significativo. Resultados O nível de Gal-3 foi de 12,3 ng/mL para não-CC-DS, 12,0 ng/mL para CC-Não-Dis-DS, 13,8 ng/mL para controles e 15,4 ng/mL para CC-Dis. FEVE <50 foi associada a níveis mais elevados de Gal-3 (p=0,0001). Em nosso modelo de regressão linear ajustado, encontramos associação entre os níveis de Gal-3 e os parâmetros do ecocardiograma em indivíduos positivos para T. cruzi. Nos pacientes CC-Dis, encontramos uma associação significativa de níveis mais elevados de Gal-3 (≥15,3 ng/mL) e morte ou transplante cardíaco em acompanhamento de cinco anos (Hazard ratio – HR 3,11; IC95% 1,21– 8,04; p=0,019). Conclusões Em pacientes com CC, níveis mais elevados de Gal-3 estiveram significativamente associados a formas graves da doença e maior taxa de mortalidade em longo prazo, o que significa que pode ser um meio efetivo para identificar pacientes de alto risco. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(2):248-256)

Abstract Background The histopathological characteristics of Chagas disease (ChD) are: presence of myocarditis, destruction of heart fibers, and myocardial fibrosis. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a biomarker involved in the mechanism of fibrosis and inflammation that may be useful for risk stratification of individuals with ChD. Objectives We sought to evaluate whether high Gal-3 levels are associated with severe forms of Chagas cardiomyopathy (CC) and whether they are predictive of mortality. Methods We studied anti-T. cruzi positive blood donors (BD): Non-CC-BD (187 BD without CC with normal electrocardiogram [ECG] and left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]); CC-Non-Dys-BD (46 BD with CC with abnormal ECG but normal LVEF); and 153 matched serum-negative controls. This cohort was composed of 97 patients with severe CC (CC-Dys). We used Kruskall-Wallis and Spearman’s correlation to test hypothesis of associations, assuming a two-tailed p<0.05 as significant. Results The Gal-3 level was 12.3 ng/mL for Non-CC-BD, 12.0 ng/mL for CC-Non-Dys-BD, 13.8 ng/mL for controls, and 15.4 ng/mL for CC-Dys. LVEF<50 was associated with higher Gal-3 levels (p=0.0001). In our linear regression adjusted model, we found association between Gal-3 levels and echocardiogram parameters in T. cruzi-seropositive subjects. In CC-Dys patients, we found a significant association of higher Gal-3 levels (≥15.3 ng/mL) and subsequent death or heart transplantation in a 5-year follow-up (Hazard ratio – HR 3.11; 95%CI 1.21–8.04; p=0.019). Conclusions In ChD patients, higher Gal-3 levels were significantly associated with severe forms of the disease and more long-term mortality, which means it may be a useful means to identify high-risk patients. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(2):248-256)

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20190403 575 downloads

SARS-CoV-2 reinfection caused by the P.1 lineage in Araraquara city, Sao Paulo State, Brazil
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Romano, Camila Malta

; Felix, Alvina Clara

; Paula, Anderson Vicente de

; Jesus, Jaqueline Góes de

; Andrade, Pamela S.

; Cândido, Darlan

; Oliveira, Franciane M. de

; Ribeiro, Andreia C.

; Silva, Francini C. da

; Inemami, Marta

; Costa, Angela Aparecida

; Leal, Cibele O. D.

; Figueiredo, Walter Manso

; Pannuti, Claudio Sergio

; Souza, William M. de

; Faria, Nuno Rodrigues

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2021, Volume 63 elocation e36

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Reinfection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-COV-2) has been reported in many countries, suggesting that the virus may continue to circulate among humans despite the possibility of local herd immunity due to massive previous infections. The emergence of variants of concern (VOC) that are more transmissible than the previous circulating ones has raised particular concerns on the vaccines effectiveness and reinfection rates. The P.1 lineage was first identified in December 2020 in Manaus city and is now globally spread. We report the first case of reinfection of SARS-CoV-2 caused by the P.1 variant outside of Manaus. The potential of these new variants to escape naturally and vaccine- induced immunity highlights the need for a global vigilance.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202163036 1125 downloads

10.

Use and misuse of biomarkers and the role of D-dimer and C-reactive protein in the management of COVID-19: A post-hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study
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Gonçalves, Fabio Augusto Rodrigues

; Besen, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro

; Lima, Clarice Antunes de

; Corá, Aline Pivetta

; Pereira, Antônio José Rodrigues

; Perazzio, Sandro Félix

; Gouvea, Christiane Pereira

; Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes

; Trindade, Evelinda Marramon

; Sumita, Nairo Massakazu

; Duarte, Alberto José da Silva

; Lichtenstein, Arnaldo

; Bonfa, Eloisa

; Utiyama, Edivaldo M.

; Segurado, Aluisio C.

; Perondi, Beatriz

; Miethke-Morais, Anna

; Montal, Amanda C.

; Harima, Leila

; Fusco, Solange R. G.

; Silva, Marjorie F.

; Rocha, Marcelo C.

; Marcilio, Izabel

; Rios, Izabel Cristina

; Kawano, Fabiane Yumi Ogihara

; Jesus, Maria Amélia de

; Kallas, Ésper George

; Carmo, Carolina

; Tanaka, Clarice

; Souza, Heraldo Possolo de

; Marchini, Julio F. M.

; Carvalho, Carlos

; Ferreira, Juliana C.

; Levin, Anna Sara Shafferman

; Oliveira, Maura Salaroli

; Guimarães, Thaís

; Lázari, Carolina dos Santos

; Sabino, Ester

; Magri, Marcello M. C.

; Barros-Filho, Tarcisio E. P.

; Francisco, Maria Cristina Peres Braido

; Costa, Silvia F.

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3547

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high mortality among hospitalized patients and incurs high costs. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection can trigger both inflammatory and thrombotic processes, and these complications can lead to a poorer prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the association and temporal trends of D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels with the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), hospital mortality, and costs among inpatients with COVID-19. METHODS: Data were extracted from electronic patient records and laboratory databases. Crude and adjusted associations for age, sex, number of comorbidities, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at admission, and D-dimer or CRP logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations. RESULTS: Between March and June 2020, COVID-19 was documented in 3,254 inpatients. The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL fibrinogen equivalent unit (FEU) mortality odds ratio (OR) was 4.48 (adjusted OR: 1.97). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for death was 7.73 (adjusted OR: 3.93). The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL FEU VTE OR was 3.96 (adjusted OR: 3.26). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for VTE was 2.71 (adjusted OR: 1.92). All these analyses were statistically significant (p<0.001). Stratified hospital costs demonstrated a dose-response pattern. Adjusted D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher mortality and doubled hospital costs. In the first week, elevated D-dimer levels predicted VTE occurrence and systemic inflammatory harm, while CRP was a hospital mortality predictor. CONCLUSION: D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher hospital mortality and a higher incidence of VTE. D-dimer was more strongly associated with VTE, although its discriminative ability was poor, while CRP was a stronger predictor of hospital mortality. Their use outside the usual indications should not be modified and should be discouraged.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3547

11.

CONSTITUENTS FROM ROOTS OF Maytenus distichophylla, ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND TOXICITY FOR CELLS AND Caenorhabditis elegans
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Morales, Shirley A. T.

; Aguilar, Mariana G. de

; Pereira, Rafael C. G.

; Duarte, Lucienir P.

; Sousa, Grasiely F.

; Oliveira, Djalma M. de

; Evangelista, Fernanda C. G.

; Sabino, Adriano P.

; Viana, Roberta O.

; Alves, Viviane S.

; Vieira-Filho, Sidney A.

Química Nova

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sep 2020, Volume 43 N. 8 Pages 1066 - 1073

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Maytenus distichophylla is a medicinal species used in Northeast of Brazil. The hexane (HE), chloroform (CE), ethyl acetate (EAE) and methanol (ME) extracts and compounds from its roots were evaluated for their protective activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The cytotoxicity for chronic myeloid leukemia (K562), acute monocytic leukemia (THP-1), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of normal individuals (PBMC) cells was established by MTT method using etoposide as standard. The in vivo toxicity of samples was determined using Caenorhabditis elegans model. From HE and CE were isolated: friedelan-3-one (1), b-sitosterol (2), 3-oxo-olean-9(11),12-diene (3), a mixture of pristimerin (4) and 11a-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-3-one (5), 30-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-3-one (6), friedelane-3,7-dione (7), tingenone (8) and triacylglycerol (9). The structures of 1-9 were confirmed by spectral data. All samples reduced the viability of S. aureus and present no effect against C. albicans. The HE, CE, mixture of 4/5 and 8 reduced 75% of S. aureus viability. Cytotoxic effect for K562 and THP-1 cells was caused by compounds 1, 2 and 8. All samples displayed selectivity for leukemic cells and low toxicity to PBMC cells, suggesting their potential as anticancer agents. Extracts and compounds were non-toxic to L1 larvae of C. elegans. However, most of them reduced significantly young adult worm’s survival, being considered as potential nematicides.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170591 344 downloads

12.

Expression of annexin-A1 in blood and tissue leukocytes of leprosy patients
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Ribeiro, Afonso Bezerra

; Caloi, Caroline Marques

; Pimenta, Silvia Thais Sá

; Seshayyan, Sudha

; Govindarajulu, Srinivas

; Souto, Francisco José Dutra

; Damazo, Amílcar Sabino

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2020, Volume 53 elocation e20200277

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION In leprosy, immune system mediators that regulate the infectious process act in a complex manner and can lead to several clinical outcomes. To understand the behavior of these mediators we quantified the expression of annexin-A1 (ANXA1) in the peripheral blood and plasma as well as tissue leukocytes in all clinical forms of leprosy and compared with healthy controls. METHODS Seventy healthy controls and 70 patients with leprosy, tuberculoid (TT) (n = 13), borderline tuberculoid (BT) (n = 15), borderline borderline (BB) (n = 13), borderline lepromatous (BL) (n = 15), and lepromatous leprosy (LL) (n = 14), were selected. Phenotyping of the lymphocyte cells and the intracellular expression of ANXA1 in leukocytes was performed by immunofluorescence. Plasma protein levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Histiocytes and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the skin of BL and LL patients had higher ANXA1 expression. ANXA1 expression was also high in circulating polymorphonuclear, monocytes, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the blood of LL patients compared to those of TT, BT, BB, and BL patients, and these levels were similar to those in healthy controls. Plasma ANXA1 levels indicate an increase in paracrine release in patients with LL. CONCLUSIONS The data indicate that ANXA1 expression is enhanced in the leukocytes and plasma of patients with LL, and may contribute to the inhibition of leukocyte action, leading to inadequate functioning of the immune system and thus contributing to the spread of M. leprae infection.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0277-2020 295 downloads

13.

Efeito do tratamento térmico sobre a resistência da madeira de cambará a cupins subterrâneos
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Melo, Rafael R. de

; Silva, Andrey G. da M. F. e

; Sabino, Marlus

; Stangerlin, Diego M.

; Batista, Felipe G.

; Souza, Maila J. C. de

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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sep 2019, Volume 42 N. 3 Pages 211 - 220

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O trabalho avaliou a influência da termorretificação na resistência ao ataque de cupins em madeira de Qualea paraensis. A madeira utilizada no experimento foi submetida à termorretificação com duas temperaturas (180 e 200°C) e dois períodos de permanência em estufa (120 e 240 min.). Após os tratamentos térmicos, as amostras de madeira foram submetidas ao ensaio de biodegradação, sendo mantidas em ambiente controlado, com presença do cupim Nasutitermes corniger. (Dictyoptera: Termitidae), durante 45 dias. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. Os diferentes tratamentos térmicos alteraram as características avaliadas para a madeira de Qualea paraensis. Três dos quatro tratamentos térmicos avaliados aumentaram a massa específica da madeira. Contudo, também foi verificado um aumento da suscetibilidade da madeira ao ataque de cupins de madeira úmida.

The study evaluated the influence of heat treatment on termites attack of Qualea paraensis. wood. The wood used in the experiment was submitted to heat treatment with two temperatures (180 and 200°C) and two periods of stay in the oven (120 and 240 min.). After heat treatment the wood specimens were subjected to the biodegradation test, being maintained in a controlled environment with presence of the termites Nasutitermes corniger. (Dictyoptera: Termitidae) for 45 days. The results were submitted to variance analysis and the means compared to Tukey's test at 5% significance. The thermal treatments for the Qualea paraensis made modifiction characteristics of the wood. Three of the four thermal treatments evaluated increased the density. However, there was also an increase too in susceptibility of wood to the attack of humid wood termites.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.17079 550 downloads

14.

Zika virus infection among symptomatic patients from two healthcare centers in Sao Paulo State, Brazil: prevalence, clinical characteristics, viral detection in body fluids and serodynamics
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Tozetto-Mendoza, Tania Regina

; Avelino-Silva, Vivian Iida

; Fonseca, Silvia

; Claro, Ingra Morales

; Paula, Anderson Vicente de

; Levin, Anna Sara

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Mendes-Correa, Maria Cassia

; Figueiredo, Walter Manso

; Felix, Alvina Clara

; Souza, Nathalia C. Santiago

; Costa, Angela Aparecida

; Inenami, Marta

; Silva, Rosangela M. Gasparetto da

; Levi, José Eduardo

; Romano, Camila Malta

; Paranhos-Baccalà, Glaucia

; Segurado, Aluisio Cotrim

; Mayaud, Philippe

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2019, Volume 61 elocation e19

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Zika virus (ZIKV) clinical presentation and frequency/duration of shedding need further clarification. Symptomatic ZIKV-infected individuals identified in two hospitals in Sao Paulo State, Brazil, were investigated regarding clinical characteristics, shedding in body fluids, and serodynamics. Ninety-four of 235 symptomatic patients (Site A: 58%; Site B: 16%) had Real-Time PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection; fever, headache and gastrointestinal symptoms were less frequent, and rash was more frequent compared to ZIKV-negative patients. Real-Time PCR in serum had worse performance compared to plasma, while urine had the highest sensitivity. Shedding in genital fluids and saliva was rare. IgM positivity was the highest <14 days after the symptoms onset (86%), decreasing >28 days (24%); IgG positivity increased >14 days (96%) remaining positive in 94% of patients >28 days. ZIKV prevalence varied importantly in two neighboring cities during the same transmission season. Urine Real-Time PCR can improve diagnostic sensitivity; serum testing is less useful. Accurate serological tests are needed to improve diagnosis and surveillance.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201961019 2345 downloads

15.

Physicochemical, biological and release studies of chitosan membranes incorporated with Euphorbia umbellata fraction
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Lemes, Bruna M.

; Novatski, Andressa

; Ferrari, Priscileila C.

; Minozzo, Bruno R.

; Justo, Aline da S.

; Petry, Victor E.K.

; Vellosa, José C.R.

; Sabino, Simone do R.F.

; Gunha, Jaqueline V.

; Esmerino, Luís A.

; Beltrame, Flávio L.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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aug 2018, Volume 28 N. 4 Pages 433 - 443

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Formulations containing chitosan incorporated with methanolic fraction of Euphorbia umbellata (Pax) Bruyns, Euphorbiaceae, were studied aiming future applications of this new material as medicine. In order to investigate potential interactions between chitosan and the methanolic fraction (10, 50 and 100% in relation to the amount of chitosan) physicochemical characterization was performed by scanning electron microscopy, density, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and colorimetry techniques. The phenolic compounds released from the chitosan membranes were evaluated using the Folin-Ciocalteau quantification method; antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were also studied. Increasing amounts of the methanolic fraction added to polymeric matrix produced different numbers of pores on the surface of the membranes, changes in the calorimetric, spectroscopic and crystalline properties as well as color changes, when compared to the inert membrane. These changes can be attributed to chemical interactions that occurred between the structure of the chitosan and the phenolic compounds present in the studied fraction. The matrix samples incorporated with 50 and 100% of the methanolic fraction presented different release profiles of phenolic compounds from the membranes (controlled manner) and promoted antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2018.05.001 584 downloads

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