ABSTRACT Objective to analyze factors related to sarcopenia and functional capacity of institutionalized elderly. Methods descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study, with 92 elderly people, in four long-term institutions. For data collection, a socioeconomic and clinical form, Mini Mental State Examination, Barthel Index and Timed Up and Go test were applied. In the analysis, the chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were adopted. Results it was identified that 68 (73.9%) had probable sarcopenia, 7 (7.6%) sarcopenia and 11 (12.0%) severe sarcopenia. The factors associated with sarcopenia were education (p=0.017), risk of falls (p=0.000) and chronic kidney disease (p=0.040). As for functional capacity, 49 (53.3%) had mild dependence, 40 (43.5%) moderate and 3 (3.3%) severe. The factors associated with functional capacity were risk of falls (p=0.010), polypharmacy (p=0.017) and education (p=0.019). Conclusion it was found that education, polypharmacy, chronic kidney disease, risk of falls, falls and sarcopenia can influence the functional capacity of institutionalized elderly.

RESUMO Objetivo analisar fatores relacionados à sarcopenia e à capacidade funcional de idosos institucionalizados. Métodos estudo descritivo, correlacional, transversal, com 92 idosos, em quatro instituições de longa permanência. Para coleta de dados, aplicou-se formulário socioeconômico e clínico, Miniexame do Estado Mental, Índice de Barthel e Timed Up and Go test. Na análise, adotaram-se os testes qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher. Resultados identificou-se que 68 (73,9%) possuíam provável sarcopenia, 7(7,6%) sarcopenia e 11 (12,0%) sarcopenia severa. Os fatores associados à sarcopenia foram escolaridade (p=0,017), risco de quedas (p=0,000) e doença renal crônica (p=0,040). Quanto à capacidade funcional, 49(53,3%) possuíam dependência leve, 40(43,5%) moderada e 3(3,3%) grave. Os fatores associados à capacidade funcional foram risco de quedas (p=0,010), polifarmácia (p=0,017) e escolaridade (p=0,019). Conclusão verificou-se que a escolaridade, a polifarmácia, a doença renal crônica, o risco de quedas, as quedas e a sarcopenia podem influenciar a capacidade funcional de idosos institucionalizados.

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of photoperiod on growth, uniformity, and survival of larvae of the Amazonian ornamental fish severum (Heros severus). A completely randomized study was used with five treatments (0L:24D, 6L:18D, 12L:12D, 18L:6D, 24L:0D) and four replicates, with the aquaria as the experimental unit. Two hundred severum larvae (3.20±0.16 mg and 5.60±0.00 mm) were distributed into 20 aquariums of one litre at a density of 10 larvae per litre. For a period of 15 days, feed was supplied four times daily with Artemia nauplii in a proportion of 160 nauplii/larvae/feeding. At the end of the experimental period, growth, uniformity, and survival data were subjected to analyses of variance and significance. Manipulation of the photoperiod showed no change in variables because there was no difference in the growth, uniformity, or survival of severum larvae. Thus, for larvae of this species of up to 20 days of age, the manipulation of the photoperiod is not advantageous due to the possible increase in production costs. Therefore, it is recommended to use the photoperiod close to the natural environment.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as variáveis que influenciam a produção simultânea de celulases e xilanase por Aspergillus aculeatus URM 4953 e A. phoenicis URM 4924, com uso de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar como substrato. As variáveis avaliadas foram pH inicial, tempo de cultivo, concentração do substrato, agitação, concentração do inóculo, temperatura, tipo de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e espécie de Aspergillus. Foi utilizado o planejamento fatorial fracionário 2(8-4), com três repetições no ponto central. Todas as variáveis analisadas influenciaram a produção de pelo menos uma das enzimas. As maiores atividades enzimáticas observadas foram: celulases totais, 0,45 UI mL-1; endoglucanase, 0,60 UI mL-1; exoglucanase, 0,17 U mL-1 ; celobiase 6,42 UI mL-1; e xilanase, 30,05 U mL-1. As melhores condições para produção das enzimas foram: pH 6,0; tempo de cultivo de 168 horas; bagaço de cana-de-açúcar residual como substrato; e A. aculeatus URM 4953, que produziu as celulases e a xilanase simultaneamente. As variáveis que influenciam a produção simultânea das celulases e xilanase são pH, tempo de cultivo, tipo de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e espécie de Aspergillus.

The objective of this work was to determine the variables that influence the simultaneous production of cellulases and xylanase by Aspergillus aculeatus URM 4953 and A. phoenicis URM 4924, using sugarcane bagasse as substrate. Initial pH, cultivation time, substrate concentration, agitation, inoculum concentration, temperature, sugarcane bagasse type and Aspergillus species were the variables evaluated. It was used the 2(8-4) fractional factorial design, with three replicates in the central point. All analysed variables influenced at least one of the enzyme production. The highest enzymatic activities were: total cellulases, 0.45 UI mL-1; endoglucanase, 0.60 UI mL-1; exoglucanase, 0.17 U mL-1; cellobiase, 6.42 UI mL-1; and xylanase, 30.05 U mL-1. The best conditions for enzyme production were: pH 6.0; cultivation time of 168 hours; residual sugarcane bagasse as substrate; and A. aculeatus URM 4953, which produced simultaneously all the cellulases and xylanase. The variables that influence the simultaneous production of cellulases and xylanase are pH, cultivation time, sugarcane bagasse type, and Aspergillus species.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a produção de queratinase por Aspergillus carbonarius URM 1546, tendo-se como substrato penas de galinha, por meio de planejamento fatorial completo 2³. Todos os parâmetros estudados e as interações de segunda ordem foram estatisticamente significativos. A maior atividade queratinolítica (48,9 U mL-1) foi obtida com 120 rpm, 0,5% (p/v) de penas de galinha e sete dias de cultivo.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the keratinase production by Aspergillus carbonarius URM 1546, using as substrate poultry feather in a full experimental design 2³. The studied parameters and the second-order interactions were statistically significant. The maximum keratinase activity (48.9 U mL-1) was obtained using 120 rpm, with 0.5% (w/v) poultry feather and seven culture days.