Abstract Sausage is one of the meat products most consumed in Brazil, although the incorporation of fat is necessary for its elaboration, influencing its technological and sensory characteristics and its caloric value. The aim of this study was to evaluate the addition of resistant starch as a fat substitute in sausage on physicochemical properties and sensory acceptance. The analyses performed were the centesimal composition, emulsion stability, instrumental colour, texture profile analysis and sensorial acceptance. The resistant starch was evaluated for thermal properties, demonstrating that it required a high temperature for gelatinization, indicating that there was probably no gelatinisation of the starch in the cooking of the sausages. There was a significant difference between the treatments T1 and T2 with partial fat reduction and caloric value reduction. The study showed that the partial fat reduction positively influenced the reduction of caloric value, emulsion stability, colour parameters and texture profile analysis. All treatments were well accepted by the consumers. The incorporation of resistant starch in sausages did not influence the centesimal composition, texture profile analysis and sensory analysis, showing it to be a promising ingredient in the making of healthier meat products.

Com o objetivo de analisar as características físico-químicas do leite UAT durante sua industrialização e de comparar os resultados com a legislação vigente, foram analisadas 150 amostras, colhidas em seis etapas, em diferentes fases do processamento, sendo 60 de leite cru, 60 de leite pasteurizado e 30 de leite UAT. As amostras foram submetidas à determinação de acidez titulável, densidade, teor de gordura, extrato seco total (EST) e desengordurado (ESD), ponto crioscópico, pH, redutase, estabilidade ao álcool 68% e à pesquisa das enzimas peroxidase e fosfatase alcalina. Os resultados indicaram que os valores médios do extrato seco total e do extrato desengordurado, bem como do índice crioscópico apresentaram-se, em algumas colheitas, inferiores aos estabelecidos pela legislação vigente, indicando possível aumento no teor de água do leite.

With the aim of analyzing the physicochemical characteristics of UHT milk during its industrialization and comparing the results with the Brazilian legislation, 150 samples collected in six stages, in different processing phases, were analyzed, being 60 samples of raw milk, 60 of pasteurized milk and 30 of UHT milk. The samples were submitted to the analysis of Dornic acidity, density, fat content, total solids, solids-non-fat, freezing point, pH, methylene blue reduction, stability to 68% alcohol and screening for peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase enzymes. The results indicated that the mean values of total solids and solids-non-fat and freezing point, were in some collections, lower than the limits established in the Brazilian legislation, demonstrating a possible increase in milk water content.

A proteólise do leite UAT/UHT durante a estocagem à temperatura ambiente é um dos fatores limitantes de sua vida de prateleira. Neste trabalho, dois lotes de leite cru contendo 10 amostras cada e, posteriormente ao processamento, dois lotes de leite UAT/UHT contendo 25 amostras cada foram colhidos em um laticínio para a contagem de microrganismos psicrotróficos (leite cru) e para o estudo do comportamento reológico e o índice proteolítico (leite UAT/UHT durante 120 dias de estocagem). Para a contagem de microrganismos psicrotróficos, foi utilizada a técnica da contagem padrão em placas. Para a determinação do índice proteolítico, foi determinada a presença de glicomacropeptídeo livre por espectrofotometria a 470 nm. A determinação dos parâmetros reológicos foi efetuada à temperatura ambiente, em quintuplicata em um reômetro de cone e placa. Houve aumento da proteólise no decorrer do armazenamento e aumento da viscosidade aparente após 60 dias de estocagem, provavelmente relacionados à presença de proteases de bactérias psicrotróficas do leite cru.

Proteolysis of UHT milk during storage at room temperature is a major factor limiting its shelf-life. In this work, two lots of 10 samples of raw milk each, and after manufacturing, two lots of UHT milk containing 25 samples each, were obtained from a dairy plant for the psychrotrophic microorganism count (raw milk) and to study the rheological behavior and proteolysis index (UHT milk during 120 days of storage time). The psychrotrophic count was carried out using the standard plate count method. The proteolysis index was determined by the presence of free glicomacropeptide using a spectrofotometer at 470 nm. Rheological parameters were carried out five times the same lot at room temperature, using a cone and plate rheometer. There was an increase in proteolysis during the shelf-life and after 60 days of storage, an increase in the apparent viscosity, probably due to the presence of bacterial proteinases produced by psychrotrophic bacterial contaminants in the raw milk.