This work uses new waste feedstock, essential to increase the range of new biomasses, demonstrating experimentally and numerically the economic potential of coconut husk residues to produce renewable biofuels (pyrolytic oil and biochar) through slow pyrolysis. The samples were submitted to a pyrolysis process (500 ºC for 30 min, with a heating rate of 20 ºC min-1, using water vapor as carrier gas), where the biochar and bio-oil yields reached were 31 and 30%, respectively. The main components found in bio-oil were furfural (29.23%), phenol (22.18%), and isoeugenol (10.26%). The surface area values (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Langmuir) found for biochar were greater than 300 m2 g-1 and a micropore volume of 0.11 cm3 g-1. The estimated theoretical energy potential of biochar and bio-oil were 208,107,180 MJ and 190,205,438 MJ, equivalent to 3,729,518.4 tons of coconut husks. Thus, this study brings as a novelty a new feedstock associated with bioprocess technological models that will pave sustainable avenues for the development of biorefineries, offering a sustainable green option to produce bioproducts and bioenergy. In the proposed model, the wastes are valorized using various processes addressing economy.

This study investigated the possible antinociceptive effect of p-cymene in different tests of orofacial nociception. The animals (mice) were pretreated (i.p.) with p-cymene (25, 50, 100 mg/kg), morphine (5 mg/kg), or vehicle (0.2% Tween 80+saline), and were then subsequently administered, subcutaneously into their upper lip: formalin, capsaicin, and glutamate. The nociceptive behavior response was characterized by the time in s that the mice remained rubbing the orofacial region, for a period of 40 min in the formalin test (first phase, 0-6 min; and second phase, 21-40 min), and for 42 and 15 min in the capsaicin and glutamate tests, respectively. To verify the possible opioid involvement in the antinociceptive effects, naloxone (i.p.) was administered into the mice 15 min prior to the pretreatment with p-cymene (100 mg/kg). Finally, whether or not the p-cymene evoked any change in motor performance in the Rota-rod test was evaluated. The results showed that the treatment with p-cymene, at all doses, reduced (p<0.001) the nociceptive behavior in all nociception tests. The antinociceptive effect of p-cymene was antagonized by naloxone (1.5 mg/kg). Additionally, mice treated with p-cymene did not show any change in motor performance. In conclusion, p-cymene attenuated orofacial nociception, suggesting an involvement of the opioid system in this effect. Thus, p-cymene might represent an important biomolecule for management and/or treatment of orofacial pain.

O propósito deste trabalho é fazer uma comparação entre resinas poliméricas dentárias, polimerizadas por aparelhos baseados em lâmpada halógena e diodo emissor de Luz (LED), utilizando-se o método do disco retificado aperfeiçoado para odontologia e os respectivos valores de microdureza. Foram realizados testes em amostras de resinas compostas de 5 diferentes marcas, polimerizadas a tempos de 10, 20 e 40 s, pelos dois aparelhos. A análise estatística dos valores de microdureza e agressividade permitiu concluir que estatisticamente não há correlação entre essas propriedades. Na análise de microdureza, a heterogeneidade característica do material implicou em resultados com valores de desvio padrão relativamente altos, de forma que não foi encontrada diferença estatística entre as amostras avaliadas. Na análise estatística dos ensaios baseados no método do disco retificado, a resina que apresentou maior desgaste nos ensaios, foi a Tetric Ceram, polimerizada pelo aparelho de LED por 10 s, cujo valor médio de agressividade obtido foi 0,170 mm³/N.m. A resina que sofreu menor desgaste foi a Charisma, polimerizada por Lâmpada Incandescente, por um tempo de 20 s, cuja média dos valores de agressividade foi 0,057 mm³/N.m.

The purpose of this work was to compare polymeric dental resins cured with halogen lamp and with light emission diode (LED) devices, using the grinding disk method customized for dentistry and the corresponding microhardness values. Tests were carried out on resin samples of five brands, which were cured for 10, 20 and 40 s with the two devices. The analysis of microhardness and aggressiveness has allowed us to conclude that there is no correlation between these properties. In Microhardness tests, the material heterogeneity has produced relative high standard deviation values and has not shown statistical differences between the analyzed samples. In the statistical analysis for the results with the grinding disk method, the resin with highest wear was the Tetric Ceram, cured with LED device for 10 s (aggressiveness average 0.170 mm³/N.m ). The composite resin with least wear was Charisma, cured with halogen lamp device for 20 s (aggressiveness average 0.057 mm³/N.m ).