Abstract Introduction: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a frequent pathology that affects up to 60% of women. Transvaginal uterosacral ligament high fixation (USLs: utero-sacral ligaments) is an alternative for the treatment of apical prolapse with good results, limited operative and recovery times, as well as low rates of complications. Objective: To evaluate the anatomical and subjective success rate in patients with an apical prolapse undergoing STALUS at the Quilpué Hospital at 24 months of follow-up. Materials and method: A descriptive observational retrospective study was carried out, selecting all symptomatic patients with an apical prolapse ≥ 2 of the POP Q classification, submitted to a FAUS between September 2014 and October 2019. The data were obtained from the database of the Urogynecology Unit of the Quilpué Hospital, prior approval of the ethics committee. Objective success was defined as a C-point 1 centimeter above the hymen and subjective success with better or much better Patient Global Impression-Improvement (PGI-I) scale and/or a greater than 80% Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), at 24 months of follow-up. Results: 46 patients were included. The objective success rate was 84% and the subjective success rate was 70%. Conclusions: The transvaginal FAUS with permanent sutures is an excellent alternative for the treatment of apical prolapse with a success rate similar to the gold standard at 24 months of follow-up.

Resumen Introducción: El prolapso de órganos pélvico (POP) es una patología frecuente que afecta hasta el 60% de las mujeres. La fijación alta al ligamento uterosacro (FAUS) transvaginal es una alternativa para el tratamiento del prolapso apical con buenos resultados, tiempos operatorios y de recuperación acotados, además de bajas tasas de complicaciones. Objetivo: Evaluar la tasa de éxito anatómico y subjetivo en pacientes portadoras de un prolapso apical sometidas a FAUS en el Hospital de Quilpué a 24 meses de seguimiento. Materiales y método: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo observacional descriptivo, seleccionando a todas las pacientes sintomáticas con un prolapso apical ≥ 2 de la clasificación de POP-Q, sometidas a una FAUS entre septiembre de 2014 y octubre de 2019. Los datos fueron obtenidos desde la base de datos de la unidad de uroginecología del Hospital de Quilpué, previa aprobación del comité de ética. El éxito objetivo se definió como un punto C a 1 centímetro sobre el himen y el éxito subjetivo con una escala de impresión de mejora global del paciente (PGI-I) mejor o mucho mejor y/o una escala visual analógica (EVA) mayor al 80%, a 24 meses de seguimiento. Resultados: Se incluyeron 46 pacientes. La tasa de éxito objetivo fue del 84% y de éxito subjetivo del 70%. Conclusiones: La FAUS transvaginal con suturas permanentes es una excelente alternativa para el tratamiento del prolapso apical con una tasa de éxito similar al gold standard a 24 meses de seguimiento.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to validate the internal structure of the Brazilian version of the Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with individuals over 18 years old of both sexes, with Brazilian Portuguese as their native language. The structure of the Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire was tested by confirmatory factor analysis. The model fit was evaluated by the following indices: root mean square error of approximation, comparative fit index, Tucker-Lewis index, standardized root mean square residual, and χ²/degrees of freedom. We used the Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion to compare different structures of the Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 241 individuals participated in this study. The original structure of the Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire with 16 items and 3 domains was compared to a structure with 14 items and 3 domains. The internal structure of the Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire with 14 items showed better fit indices and lower Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion values. CONCLUSION: The best internal structure of the Brazilian version of the Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire in adults presents 3 domains and 14 items.

Resumen Este texto es fruto de una serie de trabajos realizados en el marco del proyecto “Inclusión educativa, familiar y social”, de un grupo de investigación cuyo propósito ha sido analizar los procesos de inclusión y exclusión desde las instituciones escolares. Tiene como objetivo analizar los significados de la violencia escolar a partir de las construcciones que han realizado profesores de enseñanza media en México. Fue un estudio cualitativo de corte descriptivo cuya técnica fue el cuestionario cualitativo, que fue aplicado a 57 profesores de bachillerato del estado de Puebla. Dicho instrumento tuvo como propósito recopilar infor-mación sobre los significados que los profesores tenían acerca de la violencia escolar y las posibilidades de la acción pedagógica para reducirla. Las conclusiones arrojan la necesidad de profundizar acerca de la violencia educativa, la cual es aquella que está presente en los espacios escolares y se personaliza en daños o perjuicios hacia la comunidad, pero también, en la propia violencia que se ejerce desde las estructuras escolares al no ser capaces de cuestionar lo establecido y reconocer lo dilemático del fenómeno.

Abstract This paper is the result of a series of work conducted within the framework of the project “Educational, family and social inclusion” of a research team whose aim is to analyze the processes of inclusion and exclusion from school. The paper analyzes the meanings of school violence based on the constructions made by high school teachers in Mexico through a qualitative, descriptive study. We used a qualitative questionnaire that was answered by 57 high school teachers from the state of Puebla, Mexico, with 7 open questions to collect information about the meanings that teachers had about school violence and the possibilities of pedagogical action to reduce it. Among our conclusions is the need to think about educational violence, which is present in school spaces and materializes as damages towards the community, as well as the violence exerted through school structures due to the inability to question what is established and recognize the dilemma of the phenomenon.

RESUMO Para que haja uma restauração florestal eficaz é de fundamental importância o conhecimento sobre o crescimento inicial das plantas. Dentre os aspectos a serem considerados destacam-se as exigências nutricionais das espécies utilizadas para tal finalidade, tendo em vista que essas áreas, geralmente, apresentam solos de baixa fertilidade, o que pode dificultar o estabelecimento e crescimento das espécies plantadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da adubação fosfatada em espécies florestais nativas, destinadas à recuperação de uma área degradada. O experimento foi conduzido no Centro de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico da UFLA - Fazenda Muquém, situada no município de Lavras, Minas Gerais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados completos, com 12 repetições e uma planta por parcela, em esquema fatorial 7 x 4, sendo sete espécies e quatro doses de superfosfato simples (0, 150, 300 e 450 gramas/cova). Aos 60 dias após o plantio, foram coletados dados sobre porcentagem de sobrevivência, diâmetro ao nível do solo e altura das plantas. Aos 300 dias, além do diâmetro e altura, foi avaliada a área de projeção de copa das plantas. As espécies apresentaram altos percentuais de sobrevivência, com exceção do Inga edulis, com sobrevivência de 58%. Dentre as sete espécies estudadas, Schinus terebinthifolius e Guazuma ulmifolia foram as que apresentaram maior crescimento dos parâmetros analisados, sendo, portanto, as espécies de maior potencial para um recobrimento mais rápido dessa área. A adubação fosfatada influenciou, de forma distinta, o crescimento inicial das sete espécies, em relação às doses de superfosfato simples aplicadas. Recomenda-se a dose de 250 gramas de superfosfato simples por cova, como adubação de base para todas as espécies.

ABSTRACT For an effective forest restoration, knowledge about the initial growth of plants is of fundamental importance. Among the aspects to be considered, the nutritional requirements of the species used for this purpose stand out, considering that these areas generally have low fertility soils, which can hinder the establishment and growth of the planted species. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of phosphate fertilization on native forest species, destined to the recovery of a degraded area. The experiment was carried out at the Center for Scientific and Technological Development at UFLA - Fazenda Muquém, located in the municipality of Lavras, Minas Gerais. The experimental design used was in complete randomized blocks, with 12 replicates and one plant per plot, in a 7 x 4 factorial scheme, with seven species and four doses of simple superphosphate (0, 150, 300 and 450 grams/pit). At 60 days after planting, data on percentage of survival, diameter at ground level and plant height were collected. At 300 days, in addition to the diameter and height, the canopy projection area of the plants was evaluated. The species showed high percentages of survival, with the exception of Inga edulis, with 58% survival. Among the seven species studied, Schinus terebinthifolius and Guazuma ulmifolia were the ones that showed the highest growth in the analyzed parameters, being, therefore, the species with the greatest potential for a faster covering of this area. Phosphate fertilization influenced, in a different way, the initial growth of the seven species, in relation to the doses of simple superphosphate applied. It is recommended to dose 250 grams of simple superphosphate per hole, as a basic fertilization for all species.

Abstract The continental margin off the southeastern Brazilian coast is punctuated by a series of geological-geomorphological features, such as subsurface saline diapirs and pockmarks at the seafloor interface, which evidence the abundant presence of oil and gas in the region. In several of these sites, hydrocarbons can be naturally released into the water column, areas are cold seep areas. These are marked by the presence of oil- and gas-dependent ecosystems, where specific organisms are able to fix carbon from hydrocarbon chemosynthesis. In addition, light hydrocarbon fluid flow through the sediment may build up authigenic carbonates that can be further colonized by cold-water corals, generating large carbonate mounds over geological time, normally positioned at the border of these pockmark features. The present work reports on a multidisciplinary oceanographic cruise carried out in the Santos Basin, SW Atlantic, to seek, map, and collect geological, chemical, and biological data from different deep-sea habitats. The cruise occurred in November 2019 on the R/V Alpha Crucis of the Oceanographic Institute of the University of São Paulo (IOUSP). We intended to discover and detail different geomorphological features, characterize free-living and symbiotic microorganisms, determine the chemosynthetic rates in relation to heterotrophic microbial production, and characterize the fauna and study their ecological and evolutionary links within and across ocean basins. All discoveries made during the cruise and their respective results will be presented separately in several papers that comprise this special volume.

ABSTRACT The objective was to analyze the syllabus of the Vocational Guidance (VG) disciplines offered in Psychology courses at Brazilian universities. For the survey, a spreadsheet available on the website of the Ministry of Education (MEC) was extracted. A total of 742 Higher Education institutions were selected for final analysis, 234 of which offering the VG subject were retrieved, and 70 of these were verified. The diversity of subject titles was analyzed, with VG being the most recurrent with 40.8%, in addition, 70% belonged to the private network and 88.6% were compulsory subjects. The Southeastern region represented 40% of the analyzed syllabus, with the workload of 60 hours being the most predominant. It was found that the discipline is often offered in the eighth semester. Thirteen categories were established for analyzing the content of the syllabus. The results were examined through the scientific literature, indicating the need for greater depth in the content of the syllabus, in order to enable better training for vocational counselors.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las propuestas de las asignaturas de Orientación Profesional (OP) ofrecidas en los cursos de Psicología de las universidades brasileñas. Para la recopilación se sacó una hoja disponible en el sitio del Ministerio de la Educación (MEC). Se seleccionaron para análisis final 742 instituciones de enseñanza universitaria, siendo recuperadas 234 con oferta de la asignatura de OP y de estas, 70 propuestas se verificaron. Se analizó la diversidad de los títulos de las asignaturas, y Orientación Profesional el más recurrentes con el 40,8%, además de eso, el 70% pertenecían a la red privada y el 88,6% eran asignaturas obligatorias. La región Sudeste representó el 40% de las propuestas analizadas, y la carga horaria de 60 horas la de mayor predominancia. Se verificó que la asignatura es frecuentemente ofrecida en el octavo semestre. Se estableció 13 categorías para análisis del contenido de las propuestas. Los resultados se examinaron mediante la literatura científica, indicando la necesidad de más profundización en el contenido de propuesta, con la finalidad de posibilitar una mejor formación a los orientadores profesionales.

RESUMO Objetivou-se analisar as ementas das disciplinas de Orientação Profissional (OP) oferecidas nos cursos de Psicologia das universidades brasileiras. Para o levantamento foi extraída uma planilha disponibilizada no site do Ministério da Educação (MEC). Foram selecionadas para análise final 742 instituições de Ensino Superior, sendo recuperadas 234 com oferta da disciplina de OP e destas, 70 ementas foram verificadas. Analisou-se a diversidade dos títulos das disciplinas, sendo Orientação Profissional o mais recorrente com 40,8%, além disso, 70% pertenciam à rede privada e 88,6% eram disciplinas obrigatórias. A região Sudeste representou 40% das ementas analisadas, sendo a carga horária de 60 horas a de maior predominância. Verificou-se que a disciplina é frequentemente ofertada no oitavo semestre. Foram estabelecidas 13 categoriais para análise do conteúdo das ementas. Os resultados foram examinados mediante a literatura científica, indicando a necessidade de maior aprofundamento no conteúdo das ementas, a fim de possibilitar uma melhor formação aos orientadores profissionais.

ABSTRACT Background: ovarian cancer constitutes a public health problem in Cuba and the world due to its high morbidity and mortality. Objective: to characterize the patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer treated at the Gynecol Oncology Service of the Celestino Hernández Robau Teaching University Hospital in the period 2015 - 2018. Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 71 patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer at the Celestino Hernández Robau Teaching University Hospital. Variables were considered: age, level of education, smoking, obesity, family pathological history of ovarian cancer, gynecostal history, histological classification, clinical stage, monospecific treatment and response to primary treatment. Absolute and relative frequencies were determined. Results: patients between 50-59 years (36.6 %), multiparous (92 %), in clinical stage IIIC with 35.22 %, serous adenocarcinomas represented the most frequent histological type (64.79 %). Suboptimal surgery was performed in 52.11 % and adjuvant chemotherapy in 45.07 %. 35 % of the patients achieved a complete response to the initial treatment. Conclusions: the results obtained behave, in general, according to epidemiological patterns reported internationally. Patients between 50-59 years of age, multiparous, in clinical stage IIIC and with serous adenocarcinomas are prevalent. Surgery and chemotherapy are standard treatments. Complete response was obtained in most patients after initial treatment.

RESUMEN Fundamento: el cáncer de ovario constituye un problema de salud pública en Cuba y en el mundo por su elevada morbilidad y mortalidad. Objetivo: caracterizar las pacientes diagnosticadas con cáncer de ovario atendidas en el Servicio de Ginecología Oncológica del Hospital Universitario Docente Celestino Hernández Robau en el periodo 2015 - 2018. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con una muestra de 71 pacientes diagnosticadas de cáncer de ovario en el Hospital Universitario Docente Celestino Hernández Robau. Se consideraron las variables: edad, nivel de escolaridad, hábito de fumar, obesidad, antecedentes patológicos familiares de cáncer de ovario, antecedentes ginecostétricos, clasificación histológica, estadio clínico, tratamiento monoespecífico y respuesta al tratamiento primario. Se determinaron frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: predominaron las pacientes entre 50-59 años (36,6 %), las multíparas (92 %), en etapa clínica IIIC con un 35,22 %, los adenocarcinomas serosos representaron el tipo histológico más frecuente (64,79 %). La cirugía subóptima se practicó al 52,11 % y la quimioterapia adyuvante al 45,07 %. El 35 % de las pacientes alcanzaron respuesta completa al tratamiento inicial. Conclusiones: los resultados obtenidos se comportan, en general, de acuerdo a patrones epidemiológicos reportados internacionalmente. Las pacientes entre 50-59 años, multíparas, en etapa clínica IIIC y con adenocarcinomas serosos, son prevalentes. La cirugía y la quimioterapia fueron los tratamientos estándar. Se obtuvo respuesta completa en la mayoría de las pacientes después del tratamiento inicial.

RESUMO A questão da qualidade da água nos corpos d’água urbanos é complexa, pois passa pelo controle de cargas poluidoras pontuais e difusas. As cargas pontuais ainda são um problema recorrente no Brasil, porém são mais facilmente identificáveis. As cargas difusas não têm um ponto de lançamento específico, o que torna seu controle mais difícil, pois ocorrem principalmente em função da lavagem das superfícies durante as chuvas. Os corpos d’água em áreas urbanas são severamente afetados por tais descargas, que se refletem na qualidade das águas e em seus usos. Nesse contexto, este trabalho apresenta elementos do monitoramento da qualidade da água do rio Pinheiros nos últimos dez anos; analisa os resultados do monitoramento da Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (Cetesb); verifica se há relação com resultados do monitoramento diário do projeto Avaliação da Qualidade das Águas do Sistema Pinheiros-Billings com o Protótipo Flotação; e, por fim, avalia o uso de sistema de biorretenção, que apresenta resultados significativos de reduções da carga poluidora do escoamento superficial chegando, em alguns casos, a mais de 90%. Essa solução é uma alternativa para a redução da poluição difusa na bacia do rio Pinheiros.

Abstract The issue of water quality in urban water bodies is complicated, as it involves controlling on point and diffuse pollution loads. Point loads are still a problem in Brazil, although more easily identifiable. Diffuse loads do not have a specific discharge point, which makes their control more difficult, and they happen mainly due to stormwater surface runoff. Urban water bodies are exposed to the diffuse pollution, which affects their water quality and multiple uses. Thus, this article presents the Pinheiros River's water quality monitoring over the last ten years, analyzes the monitoring results of São Paulo State Environmental Company (Cetesb), and verifies the existence of a relationship with these results with the daily monitoring of the project “Avaliação da Qualidade das Águas do Sistema Pinheiros-Billings com o Protótipo Flotação”. Finally, it evaluates the use of a bioretention system with average reductions of runoff pollutants loads, in some cases, more than 90%, being an alternative for diffuse pollution control in the Pinheiros River basin.

The present work aimed to direct amino acid (AA) sensing by quantum dots (QD) and development of an analytical method for potential fast clinical tests. Notably, AA with a positive charge or neutral polar chains, namely L-histidine (His) and L-threonine (Thr), responded to glutathione-coated CdTe (GSH-CdTe) (ΔF ≤ 90%, variation of fluorescence intensity). However, in ammoniacal buffer (0.25 mol L-1) at pH 8.0, 2.2 nm GSH-CdTe responded only to His. Static quenching with complex association constant (Ksv) varying from 2.81 to 0.94 (10 L mol-1) as well as van der Waals forces and/or hydrogen bonding were predicted for His-QD quenching mechanism and binding type. Additionally, thermodynamic parameters as ΔH = -76.5 kJ mol-1 (enthalpy), ΔS = -227.4 J K-1 mol-1 (entropy) and ΔG from -9.8 until -6.4 kJ mol-1 (Gibbs free energy) at 20 to 35 °C were estimated by van’t Hoff equation. Under optimal conditions, the developed method presented a linear range from 0.42 to 35 mmol L-1 (with correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9970, n = 7), good precision (relative standard deviations (RSD) < 2.5% for 2.5 and 20 mmol L-1; n = 6) and limit of detection 1.6 × 10-4 mol L-1 (0.025 mg mL-1). Recovery tests were performed on artificial urine and human urine samples with recoveries ranging from 78.7 to 127.6%.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to highlight the differences between the cardiometabolic effects and the cardiovascular risk of physical inactivity and sedentary behavior. METHODS: A narrative bibliographic review was conducted. In the research, national and international articles were selected from the PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS databases using the descriptors “sedentary lifestyle, cardiovascular risk, physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, and cardiovascular risks.” DISCUSSION: Both physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are related to metabolic and organic changes, promoting a chronic proinflammatory state, cardiac remodeling, increased body adiposity, and skeletal muscle dysfunction. It is possibly stated that both of them result in a higher risk of developing chronic diseases, resulting in higher global and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with nuances in their intrinsic effects. CONCLUSIONS: It is inferred that both physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are cardiovascular risk factors that can be modified with the correct clinical approach. It is necessary to differentiate physically inactive individuals from those with a high number of sedentary behaviors. These concepts need better clinical applicability to improve the prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular risks.

RESUMEN La cajá-manga (Spondias dulcis Parkinson) se considera una fruta exótica originaria de las Islas Polinesias. Es una fruta climatérica, y la vida poscosecha de sus frutos es muy corta, debido a su rápida maduración, por tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de las concentraciones de auxina en retrasar el proceso de maduración de las frutas cajá-manga. Ciento veinte frutos cajá-manga inmaduros obtenidos de Hidrolândia-GO, 16°55'32.35" S; 49°21' 39.76" W) se utilizó un diseño esquema factorial 5×2+2 de AIA (0, 50, 100, 150 y 200 mg L-1), dos momentos de evaluación (a los 5 y 10 días después de aplicado en AIA) y dos tratamientos adicionales (frutas maduras e inmaduras) con cinco concentraciones. Las evaluaciones se llevaron a cabo cada cinco días, por triplicado. Se evaluaron las variables fisicoquímicas, la firmeza de la pulpa, la acidez titulable, los sólidos solubles, el contenido de ácido ascórbico y el color de la pulpa y la cáscara. Las concentraciones de 50 y 100 mg L-1 de AIA presentaron los mejores resultados, causando un retraso en la maduración y las pérdidas sensoriales más bajas en los frutos de cajá-manga.

ABSTRACT The cajá-manga (Spondias dulcis Parkinson) is an exotic fruit originally from the Polynesian islands. It is a climacteric fruit with a very short postharvest shelf-life as the result of rapid ripening. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of auxin concentrations on delaying the ripening process in cajá-manga fruits. One hundred and twenty cajá-manga fruits were obtained from Hidrolândia-GO, Brazil (16°55'32.35" S and 49°21'39.76" W). A completely randomized design with a 5×2+2 factorial scheme was used. Five indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg L-1), two evaluation days (5 and 10 days after IAA applications), and two additional treatments (ripe and unripe fruits) were evaluated. Evaluations were carried out every 5 days, in triplicate. The physicochemical variables pulp firmness, titratable acidity, soluble solids, ascorbic acid content, and color of pulp and peel were evaluated. The concentrations 50 and 100 mg L-1 of IAA presented the best results, causing a delay in ripening and the lowest sensory losses in the cajá-manga fuits.

ABSTRACT Objective to identify the main causes of death among adolescents aged 10 to 19 years in a municipality in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Method in this exploratory, descriptive, quantitative study, based on data collected from death records in the municipality of Rio das Ostras, the basic cause of death was the outcome. The data were processed in the statistics software, R. Results of the 84 (100%) deaths observed, prevalence was higher among adolescents aged 17 to 19 years (49; 58.3%), males (71; 84.5%), and pardos (38; 45.2%). The main causes of deaths were firearm Injury / homicide (35; 41.7%) and accidents (32; 38.1%). Conclusion one important step towards confronting and solving this serious problem is to acknowledge this vulnerability, especially in municipalities distant from urban centers, which often seem neglected as regards compliance with statutes and public policies in favor of this age group.

RESUMEN Objetivo identificar las principales causas de muerte entre adolescentes de 10 a 19 años en un municipio del estado de Río de Janeiro. Método en este estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, cuantitativo, basado en los datos recopilados de los registros de defunciones en el municipio de Rio das Ostras, la causa básica de la muerte fue el resultado. Los datos se procesaron en el programa estadístico R. Resultados de las 84 (100%) muertes observadas, la prevalencia fue mayor entre los adolescentes de 17 a 19 años (49; 58.3%), varones (71; 84.5%) y pardos (38; 45,2%). Las principales causas de muerte fueron lesiones por arma de fuego / homicidio (35; 41.7%) y accidentes (32; 38.1%). Conclusión un paso importante para enfrentar y resolver este grave problema es reconocer esta vulnerabilidad, especialmente en municipios alejados de los centros urbanos, que a menudo parecen descuidados en cuanto al cumplimiento de los estatutos y las políticas públicas a favor de este grupo de edad.

RESUMO Objetivo identificar as principais causas de óbito entre adolescentes de 10 a 19 anos em um município no interior do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Método estudo descritivo, exploratório de abordagem quantitativa, a partir do levantamento de dados em registros de óbitos do município de Rio das Ostras. O desfecho foi causa básica do óbito. Os dados foram processados no Programa R. Resultados foram observados 84 (100%) óbitos, com maior prevalência entre adolescentes de 17 a 19 anos, 49 (58,3%), do sexo masculino, 71 (84,5%) e de cor parda, 38 (45,2%). As principais causas de óbitos foram homicídio/perfuração por arma de fogo, 35 (41,7%), e acidentes, 32 (38,1%). Conclusão o reconhecimento dessa vulnerabilidade configura importante caminho para o enfrentamento e resolução desse grave problema, sobretudo municípios localizados longe de centros urbanos, parece muitas vezes esquecido, no que tange o cumprimento de estatutos e políticas públicas a favor desse grupo etário.

Resumo Considerando o potencial terapêutico de plantas medicinais como alternativas à antibioticoterapia, a pesquisa visa avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana de Commiphora leptophloeos contra isolados de Staphylococcus spp. de leite de ruminante com mastite subclínica. Para isso, foi elaborado o extrato etanólico bruto da casca e folhas de Commiphora leptophloeos, sendo as mesmas caracterizadas quimicamente por HPLC-DAD-MS e por MALDI-TOF. Os extratos foram então avaliados quanto aos seus efeitos antimicrobianos contra 60 isolados de Staphylococcus spp pela técnica de microdiluição em caldo para determinação da concentração bactericida mínima. Além disso, os extratos foram avaliados quanto à sua capacidade de interferir na formação do biofilme e com o biofilme já consolidado. Apesar de todos os extratos testados terem apresentado ação antimicrobiana, valores menores de CBM foram registrados para o extrato da casca na concentração 781,2 µg/mL (25/60). Os extratos da casca e das folhas foram capazes de interferir nos estágios iniciais da formação do biofilme, mas não ocorreu interferência do extrato no biofilme consolidado. Houve alta sensibilidade do isolados testados quando submetidos a extratos de folhas e casca de Commiphora leptophloeos, bem como a capacidade de extratos interferirem na formação de biofilme, indicando seu potencial uso na terapia de mastite de ruminantes.

Abstract Considering the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants as alternatives to antibiotic therapy, the research aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Commiphora leptophloeos against isolates of Staphylococcus spp. from the milk of ruminants with subclinical mastitis. For this, the crude ethanolic extract from the bark and leaves of Commiphora leptophloeos was prepared, with these being chemically characterized by HPLC-DAD-MS and by MALDI-TOF. The extracts were then evaluated as to their antimicrobial effects against 60 isolates of Staphylococcus spp. through the broth microdilution technique to determine the minimum bactericidal concentration. In addition, the extracts were evaluated as to their ability to interfere with biofilm formation and with the already established biofilm. Although all tested extracts showed antimicrobial action, lower MBC values were recorded for the bark extract in the concentration 781.2 µg/mL (25/60). The extracts of the bark and leaves were able to interfere with the initial stages of biofilm formation, but there was no interference of the extract on the established biofilm. There was a high sensitivity of Staphylococcus spp. isolates from subclinical mastitis cases in ruminants when subjected to the extracts from bark and leaves of Commiphora leptophloeos, as well as regarding the ability of extracts to interfere in biofilm formation, indicating their potential in the use for ruminant mastitis therapy.

Abstract Objective: To analyze the perception of undergraduates' students in a Dentistry School about the impact of basic disciplines on their professional development, as well the integration of this knowledge with the professional sphere. Material and Methods: It is a qualitative research study carried out through focus groups comprised of dentistry students close to finishing their degree. The data were analyzed by the thematic content analysis. Results: Four categories derived from the empirical material: "Disassociation of basic disciplines within the professional cycle", "Autonomy or transference of responsibility", "Campus-DOD distancing" and "Humanization of health care from first moments". The narratives showed the difficulties faced in order to effect, indeed, integration between the basic cycle and the curricular components of the vocational cycle. It was also evident the decontextualization of the basic cycle with the perspective of approach with professional practice. In addition, student's protagonist posture and learning how to humanize health care were identified as important factors to be debated and improved in the curriculum from the beginning of the course. Conclusion: The difficulties faced in order to effect an actual integration between the basic disciplines and the professional disciplines bring undesirable consequences upon undergraduate, being fundamental that the construction of new pedagogical projects means an effective integration of the contents to the curriculum design, avoiding any fragmentation between the basic and vocational cycle.

RESUMO Racional: Litíase intra-hepática primária é definida quando os cálculos são formados dentro do fígado, podendo estar associada à dilatação local e estenosa da via biliar. A ressecção hepática é considerada o procedimento ideal. Objetivo: Avaliar os resultados da ressecção hepática no tratamento da litíase intra-hepática não oriental. Métodos: Cinquenta e um pacientes com hepatolitíase benigna não oriental sintomática foram submetidos à ressecção hepática em seis instituições no Brazil. Os dados demográficos, sintomas clínicos, classificação, diagnóstico, tratamento e evolução pós-operatória foram analisados. Resultados: Dos 51 pacientes havia 28 homens (54,9%), e a idade média era de 49,3 anos. História de colangite foi observada em 15 pacientes (29,4%). Os tipos de litíase observados foram tipo I em 39 (76,5%) e tipo IIb em 12 (23,5%), com o tipo adicional Ea em seis pacientes (11,8%). Os testes de função hepática estavam normais em 42 (82,4%) e atrofia segmentar foi observada em 12 (23,5%). O tratamento incluiu setorectomia lateral esquerda em 24 (47,1%), hepatectomia esquerda em 14 (27,5%) e hepatectomia direita em oito pacientes (15,7%). A hepaticojejunostomia esteve associada ao procedimento inicial em quatro (7,8%). Hepatectomia por videolaparoscopia foi realizada em oito (15,7%). Complicações pós-operatórias foram observadas em 20 pacientes (39,2%) e não houve mortalidade. Conclusão: Ressecção hepática na hepatolitíase é o procedimento ideal, pois remove os cálculos, a estenose, o parênquima atrofiado e minimiza os riscos para colangiocarcinoma.

ABSTRACT Background: Primary intrahepatic lithiasis is defined when the stones are formed in the liver and associated with local dilatation and biliary stricture. Liver resection is the ideal procedure. Aim: To evaluate the results of liver resection in the treatment of non-oriental intrahepatic lithiasis. Methods: Fifty-one patients with symptomatic benign non-oriental hepatolithiasis underwent surgical resection in six institutions in Brazil. Demography data, clinical symptoms, classification, diagnosis, management and postoperative course were analyzed. Results: Of the 51 patients, 28 were male (54.9%), with a mean age of 49.3 years. History of cholangitis was observed in 15 (29.4%). The types of intrahepatic lithiasis were type I in 39 (76.5%) and type IIb in 12 (23.5%), with additional type Ea in six (11.8%). Liver function test were normal in 42 patients (82.4%). Segmental atrophy was observed in 12 (23.5%). Treatments included left lateral sectionectomy in 24 (47.1%), left hepatectomy in 14 (27.5%) and right hepatectomy in eight (15.7%), with associated hepaticojejunostomy in four (7.8%). Laparoscopic liver resection was performed in eight (15.7%). Postoperative complications were observed in 20 (39.2%) with no mortality. Conclusion: Liver resection in patients with hepatolithiasis is the ideal procedure as it removes stones, stricture, atrophic parenchyma, and minimizes the risk of cholangiocarcinoma.