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ABSTRACT Pacas (Cuniculus paca) are highly hunted animals because of the flavor of their meat, and commercial breeding is recommended. However, this species has a relatively low reproductive rate. This study aimed to collect semen from pacas through electroejaculation and obtain the sperm parameters of this species for the first time. Seven male pacas were used, submitted to an anesthetic protocol before stimulation by an electroejaculator appropriate for the species. The stimulus protocol was performed in three series: series I, 10 stimuli with 1 and 2 V; series II, 10 stimuli with 3 and 4 V; and series III, 10 stimuli with 5 V and interval between series of 2 s. The collected material was evaluated for color, volume, motility, vigor, and concentration. The sperm parameters collected showed a mean volume of 0.43±0.33 mL, concentration of 45.5±42.44×106 sperm/mL, motility of 33.33±32.14%, and mean vigor of 2.6±1.15. In this study, the anesthetic protocol did not seem to favor semen collection by electroejaculation in the pacas. The electrical stimulation protocol was able to stimulate all animals in the study; however, there were few samples with sperm cells and a low rate of motility and vigor in most ejaculates.

RESUMO Pacas (Cuniculus paca) são animais altamente caçados devido ao sabor de sua carne, sendo a criação comercial delas, recomendada. Entretanto, é uma espécie com baixa taxa reprodutiva. O objetivo deste estudo foi efetuar coleta de sêmen em pacas por meio da eletroejaculação e da obtenção, pela primeira vez, dos parâmetros espermáticos dessa espécie. Foram utilizadas sete pacas machos, as quais, antes dos estímulos por eletroejaculador apropriado para a espécie, foram submetidas a protocolo anestésico. O protocolo de estímulo foi realizado em três séries: série I, 10 estímulos com 1 e 2V; série II, 10 estímulos com 3 e 4V; série III, 10 estímulos com 5V, e intervalo entre as séries de dois segundos. O material coletado foi avaliado quanto à cor, ao volume, à motilidade, ao vigor e à concentração. Os parâmetros espermáticos coletados demonstraram volume médio de 0,43±0,33mL, concentração de 45,5±42,44x106 espermatozoides/mL, motilidade de 33,33±32,14% e vigor médio de 2,6±1,15. Neste estudo, o protocolo anestésico parece não ter favorecido a coleta de sêmen por eletroejaculação em pacas. Entretanto, o protocolo de estímulos elétricos foi capaz de estimular todos os animais do estudo. Assim, chegou-se ao resultado de poucas amostras com a presença de células espermáticas, bem como baixo índice de motilidade e vigor na maioria dos ejaculados.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12799

Growth of breast muscles in European and Japanese quail raised in meat production system: a morphological analysis
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FIGUEROA, CHRISTIAN D.N.

; CRUZ, FLAVIA K.

; KANEKO, ISABELLE N.

; BASAGLIA, RODRIGO A.

; OLIVEIRA, CARLOS A.L.

; ALMEIDA, FERNANDA L.A.

; SANTOS, TATIANA C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 4 elocation e20200530

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Growth curves have been described in the quail but with no attention to the muscle composing of the breast. The description of the characteristics of growth curves to body weight and to breast muscle was the aim of this study. Morphological development of Musculus supracoracoideus and Musculus pectoralis in European and Japanese quail was assessed from the final incubation of to 35 days. Gompertz models were adjusted with maximum growth rates to body weight, breast weight, and Musculus pectoralis and supracoracoideus weight at 17.6; 22.2; 23.5, and 21.4 days. The European quail had a higher body and breast weight at maturity. Musculus supracoracoideus developed faster in both subspecies but with larger Musculus pectoralis. Both musculus had a greater number of fibers type IIA and largest fibers IIB, with quadratically increasing in fiber diameter with age in both subspecies and muscles. At 35 days, results of meat quality indicated similarity between genders and subspecies, with darker and redness breast meat in Japanese quail. In conclusion, breast weight gain was a result of type IIA and IIB fiber hypertrophy in both muscles and, despite the difference in size and aptitude, Japanese and European quail showed similar body and muscle growth patterns.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320200530

Prediction of live weight in beef heifers using a body volume formula
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Castillo-Sanchez, L.E.

; Canul-Solís, J.R.

; Pozo-Leyva, D.

; Camacho-Perez, E.

; Lugo-Quintal, J.M.

; Chaves-Gurgel, A.L.

; Santos, G.T.

; Ítavo, L.C.V.

; Chay-Canul, A.J.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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dec 2022, Volume 74 N. 6 Pages 1127 - 1133

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver e avaliar os modelos linear, quadrático e alométrico para predizer o peso vivo (PV), usando-se a fórmula do volume corporal (VC) em novilhas mestiças criadas no sudeste do México. O PV (426,25±117,49kg) e o VC (338,05±95,38dm3) foram medidos em 360 novilhas, com idade entre três e 30 meses. Regressões lineares e não lineares foram utilizadas para construir os modelos de predição. A adequação dos modelos foi avaliada utilizando-se o critério de informação de Akaike (AIC), o critério de informação bayesiano (BIC), o coeficiente de determinação (R2), o quadrado médio do erro (QME) e a raiz do QME (RQME). Além disso, os modelos desenvolvidos foram avaliados por meio de validação cruzada (k-folds). A capacidade dos modelos ajustados em prever os valores observados foi avaliada com base no RQME, no R2 e no erro médio absoluto (EMA). O modelo quadrático apresentou os menores valores de AIC (2688,39) e de BIC (2700,05). Por outro lado, o modelo linear apresentou os menores valores de QME (7954,74) e de RQME (89,19); esse modelo apresentou os maiores valores de AIC (2709,70) e de BIC (2717,51). Apesar disso, todos os modelos apresentaram o mesmo valor para o R2 (0,87). A avaliação de ajuste por validação cruzada (k-folds) mostrou que o modelo quadrático teve melhores valores de RQME (41,49), R2 (0,85) e EMA (31,95). Recomenda-se o modelo quadrático para predição do peso vivo de novilhas de corte mestiças utilizando-se o volume corporal como preditor.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate linear, quadratic, and allometric models to predict live weight (LW) using the body volume formula (BV) in crossbred heifers raised in southeastern Mexico. The LW (426.25±117.49kg) and BV (338.05±95.38 dm3) were measured in 360 heifers aged between 3 and 30 months. Linear and non-linear regression were used to construct prediction models. The goodness-of-fit of the models was evaluated using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), coefficient of determination (R2), mean squared error (MSE), and root MSE (RMSE). In addition, the developed models were evaluated through cross-validation (k-folds). The ability of the fitted models to predict the observed values was evaluated based on the RMSEP, R2, and mean absolute error (MAE). The quadratic model had the lowest values of AIC (2688.39) and BIC (2700.05). On the other hand, the linear model showed the lowest values of MSE (7954.74) and RMSE (89.19), and the highest values of AIC (2709.70) and BIC (2717.51). Despite this, all models presented the same R2 value (0.87). The cross-validation (k-folds) evaluation of fit showed that the quadratic model had better values of MSEP (41.49), R2 (0.85), and MAE (31.95). We recommend the quadratic model to predictive of the crossbred beef heifers' live weight using the body volume as the predictor.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12886

Evaluation of grass and legume tropical mixtures and performance of grazed sheep
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Moura, R.L.

; Oliveira, M.E.

; Carvalho, W.F.

; Rodrigues, M.M.

; Santos, M.S.

; Edvan, R.L.

; Abdalla, A.L.

; Moreira, M.Z.

; Silva, E.M.

South African Journal of Animal Science

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2022, Volume 52 N. 1 Pages 23 - 33

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The objective of this research was to determine the pasture structure, nutritional value, animal behaviour, intake, and performance of Santa Inês sheep grazing pastures with various mixtures of grass (Andropogon gayanus) and forage legume (Stylosanthes sp. and Calopogonium mucunoides). A randomized block design was adopted with the treatments arranged in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with the factors consisting of cropping systems and grazing cycles. Grass in the mixed species pastures had a greater leaf/stem ratio than in the monoculture. Total forage mass was greater in the mixed pastures, which had the highest concentrations of crude protein and total digestible nutrients, the lowest fibre concentration, and the highest in vitro dry matter digestibility. Legumes were grazed with the highest frequency, and biting rate was highest in Andropogon gayanus with Stylosanthes sp. The highest intake (kg/day) was found in the mixed swards and the highest animal weight gain (143 g/day) in the mixed pastures. The pastures of Andropogon gayanus mixed with Stylosanthes sp. and C. mucunoides showed improved forage nutritive value and intake compared with the grass monoculture.

https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v52i1.4 34 downloads

Equine coital exanthema caused by equid alphaherpesvirus 3: a report of an outbreak in northeastern Brazil
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Silva Filho, Givaldo B.

; Bom, Hisadora A.S.C

; Fonseca, Silvio M.C.

; Costa, Érica A.

; Santos, Beatriz S.A.S.

; Santos, Renato L.

; Souza, Francisco A.L.

; Evêncio Neto, Joaquim

; Mendonça, Fábio S.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2021, Volume 41 elocation e06877

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O exantema coital equino é uma doença infecciosa venérea pouco relatada em equinos no Brasil e nunca descrita na região Nordeste do país. Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever os aspectos clínicos e patológicos de um surto de exantema coital equino causado pelo alphaherpesvirus equídeo 3, que ocorreu em um haras na região semiárida do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Os principais sinais clínicos consistiram em anorexia, hiporexia, secreção fibrinosa ou purulenta na mucosa do pênis e vagina. Duas éguas apresentavam lesões discretas que consistiam em cicatrizes na mucosa da vagina e na região perivulvar. Em um garanhão, a doença consistia em úlceras umbilicadas-exantematosas severas, multifocais, de aproximadamente 1 cm de diâmetro na mucosa do pênis. Outras áreas onde úlceras e crostas foram observadas focalmente incluíram a pele do escroto, lábios e junções mucocutâneas da cavidade oral. Histologicamente, as principais lesões consistiam em balanopostite multifocal ulcerativa e necrosante fibrinosa grave e dermatite linfocítica necrosante multifocal leve nos lábios e escroto. O DNA do alphaherpesvirus equídeo tipo 3 foi amplificado em amostras de sangue e mucosa do pênis pela técnica de PCR. Este é o primeiro relato de diagnóstico molecular de exantema coital equino afetando cavalos no nordeste do Brasil. Novos estudos devem ser realizados a fim de investigar a epidemiologia e a importância dessa doença herpética no país.

ABSTRACT: Equine coital exanthema is a venereal infectious disease poorly reported in horses in Brazil and was never described in the northeastern region of the country. This work aims to describe the clinical and pathological aspects of an outbreak of equine coital exanthema caused by equid alphaherpesvirus 3, occurred in a herd of horses at the semiarid region of the State of Rio Grande do Norte. Main clinical signs consisted of anorexia, hiporexia, fibrinous or purulent secretion in the penis mucosa and vagina. Two mares presented mild to minimal lesions that consisted of scars in the mucosa of the vagina and in the perivulvar region. In a stallion the disease consisted of severe, multifocal, umbilicated-exanthematous ulcers of approximately 1cm in diameter on the penis mucosa. Other areas where ulcers and crusts were focally observed included the skin of the scrotum and on the lips and mucocutaneous junctions of the oral cavity. Histologically, the main lesion consisted of multifocal severe ulcerative and fibrinous necrotizing balanoposthitis and mild multifocal necrotizing, lymphocytic dermatitis in the lips and scrotum. The equide alphaherpesvirus 3 DNA was amplified in blood samples and penis mucosa using the PCR technique. This is the first report of molecular diagnosis of equine coital exanthema affecting horses in northeastern Brazil. Further studies should be carried out in order to investigate the epidemiology and the importance of this herpetic disease in the country.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6877 164 downloads

Avaliação nutricional e metabólica de borregas alimentadas com níveis crescentes de aminoácidos protegidos
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Araújo, C.M.

; Macedo Júnior, G.L.

; Oliveira, K.A.

; Silva, A.L.

; Santos, M.T.S.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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dec 2020, Volume 72 N. 6 Pages 2321 - 2330

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar a inclusão de níveis de lisina e metionina protegidas na dieta sobre os parâmetros nutricionais e metabólicos energéticos e hepáticos de borregas em crescimento. Utilizaram-se cinco borregas ½ sangue Dorper x Santa Inês, com aproximadamente oito meses de idade e peso médio de 50 ± 2,3kg, distribuídas em esquema quadrado latino 5x5 (cinco tratamentos, cinco animais e cinco períodos). Os tratamentos consistiram na inclusão de diferentes níveis de lisina e metionina protegidas da degradação ruminal (MicroPEARLS LM®) na ração, sendo: 0g, 8g, 16g, 24g e 32g por dia. A dieta era composta por silagem de milho e concentrado na relação 30V:70C. Realizou-se um ensaio de digestibilidade para determinar consumo e digestibilidade da matéria seca (CMS/DGMS), balanço de nitrogênio e metabólitos sanguíneos. O CMS (kg/dia) em relação ao peso metabólico apresentou equação linear positiva, sendo maior no tratamento que ofertou 32g de aminoácidos por dia, assim como o nitrogênio ingerido e o balanço de nitrogênio, sendo positivo em todos os tratamentos. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) para a digestibilidade da MS e o metabolismo energético e hepático. Lisina e metionina protegidas da degradação ruminal podem ser incluídas na ração de borregas em crescimento até 32g/dia sem causar efeitos negativos na digestibilidade da MS e no metabolismo.

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the inclusion of protected lysine and methionine levels on the diet, over the nutritional parameters and energetic and hepatic metabolites of growing lambs. Five lambs ½ blood Dorper x Santa Inês, with approximately eight months of age and average weight of 50kg, were distributed in a 5x5 latin square scheme (five treatments and five replicates). The treatments consisted of the inclusion of different levels of lysine and methionine protected from ruminal degradation (MicroPEARLS LM®) in the diet, being: 0g, 8g, 16g, 24g and 32g. The diet was composed of corn silage and concentrated 30V:70C in the ratio. A digestibility assay was performed to determine dry matter intake and digestibility (DMI/DDMI), nitrogen balance and blood metabolites. The DMI (kg/day) in relation to the metabolic weight had a positive linear equation, being higher in treatment 32g, as well as the ingested nitrogen and nitrogen balance, being positive in all treatments. There was no difference (P>0.05) for the digestibility of DM, energetic and hepatic metabolism. Lysine and methionine protected from ruminal degradation can be included in the diet of growing lambs up to 32g without causing negative effects on DM digestibility and metabolism.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-11385 683 downloads

Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from a dog with a history of urolithiasis: case report
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Martins, I.J.

; Brito, A.C.F.

; Santos, A.L.

; Carneiro, L.C.

; Moraes Filho, A.V.

; Barbosa, M.S.

; Silva, C.A.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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may 2020, Volume 72 N. 3 Pages 931 - 935

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A resistência bacteriana aos antibióticos é uma realidade, tanto na saúde humana quanto veterinária, limita o arsenal terapêutico e eleva os custos relacionados ao tratamento do paciente. Um cão, com sinais de cistite, recebeu tratamento com enrofloxacina, na dose de 5mg/kg, em três momentos seguidos, com baixa efetividade. Identificou-se presença de urólitos uretrais e foi feita uro-hidropropulsão. O animal apresentou nova obstrução, para a qual foi realizada uma cistotomia, mas continuou com sinais de infecção. Realizou-se, então, urocultura e teste de antibiograma. Foi identificada Escherichia coli, que se mostrou resistente a 13 antibióticos, sendo sensível somente à piperacilina-tazobactam e amicacina. No teste de triagem para β-lactamase, detectou-se a produção de ESβL. A qPCR indicou presença dos genes blaCTXm, blaDHA, blaOXA, blaIMP, blaTEM, blaGIM, blaSIM, blaSPM e blaSME, que podem conduzir um perfil fenotípico de resistência para ampicilina, amoxicilina-ácido clavulânico, aztreonam, cefepima, cefoxitina, cefuroxima, ceftazidima, ceftriaxona, imipenem, piperacilina-tazobactam. Este caso reafirma o valor que a análise laboratorial agrega ao diagnóstico e tratamento da cistite e da urolitíase, podendo definir o sentido de evolução do prognóstico e a velocidade em que a saúde do paciente será restabelecia.

ABSTRACT Bacterial resistance is a reality in both human and veterinary health, it limits the therapeutic arsenal and raises the costs of the patient’s treatment. A dog with signs of cystitis received treatment with 5mg/kg enrofloxacin at three consecutive times, with low effectiveness. The presence of urethral uroliths was identified and urohydropulsion was done. The animal presented a new obstruction, for which a cystotomy was performed, but continued with signs of infection. Uroculture and antimicrobial susceptibility test were then performed. Escherichia coli was identified, which was resistant to 13 antibiotics, being sensitive only to piperacillin-tazobactam and amikacin. In the screening test for β-lactamase, the production of ESβL was detected. The qPCR indicated the presence of the bla CTXm, bla DHA, bla OXA, bla IMP, bla TEM, bla GIM, bla SIM, bla SPM and bla SME genes, which may lead to a phenotypic resistance profile for ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, aztreonam, cefepime cefoxitin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam. This case reaffirms the value that laboratory analysis adds to the diagnosis and treatment of cystitis and urolithiasis, which can define the direction of evolution of the prognosis and the speed at which the patient's health will be restored.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-11203 1187 downloads

Proteomic analysis of the venom of the social wasp Apoica pallens (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
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Mendonça, Angélica

; Bernardi Marchiotti, Rafaella C.

; Firmino, Ellen L.B.

; Santos, Pollyanna P.

; Sguarizi Antonio, Denise

; Serrão, José E.

; Cardoso, Claudia A.L.

; Antonialli Junior, William F.

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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dec 2019, Volume 63 N. 4 Pages 322 - 330

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Wasps are a diverse group of insects that possess a sting apparatus associated with a venom gland, which is used for predation and colony defense. The biochemistry of Hymenoptera venom has been evaluated in relation to allergy and immunology, and proteomics has been shown to be a powerful tool for the identification of compounds with pharmacological potential. Data on wasps venom the of genus Apoica are scarce, so the objective of the present work was to identify the venom proteins of the eusocial wasp Apoica pallens, as a first step towards further investigation of applied uses of the venom and its protein constituents. The venom proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, followed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. A total of 259 spots were detected, with molecular weights from 4.9 to 141 kDa. Thirty of these proteins were identified and classified into eight functional categories: allergen, enzyme, metabolism, structural, environmental response, proteoglycan, active in DNA and RNA, and unknown function. Due to the few available proteomic data for wasp venom, many proteins could not be identified, which makes studies with proteomic analysis of Hymenoptera venom even more important.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2019.10.001 465 downloads

Anatomy, histochemistry and oxalic acid content of the leaflets of Averrhoa bilimbi and Averrhoa carambola
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Sá, Rafaela D.

; Vasconcelos, Alex L.

; Santos, Andréa V.

; Padilha, Rafael J.R.

; Alves, Luiz C.

; Soares, Luiz A.L.

; Randau, Karina Perrelli

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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feb 2019, Volume 29 N. 1 Pages 11 - 16

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Averrhoa bilimbi L. and A. carambola L., Oxalidaceae, are the only two species of the genus Averrhoa L. Their leaves are widely used in folk medicine as an adjuvant in the treatment of diabetes. Some species may contain, for example, calcium oxalate crystals, which may lead to risk in its use when there is predisposition of individuals with reduced renal activity. Therefore, there are still few studies on the content of oxalic acid present in them, highlighting the importance of this investigation. The objective of this work was to conduct a comparative anatomical and histochemical study between the species and determining its content of oxalic acid. Semipermanent histological slides were prepared, following common plant anatomy procedures, for analysis of the leaflets in optical microscopy, polarization and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. To determine the total, soluble and insoluble oxalate content was used titration with potassium permanganate. The anatomical characterization allowed identifying the characters useful in the differentiation of the species. The histochemistry revealed the location of the metabolites. Chemical microanalyses demonstrated that the crystals are of calcium oxalate. A. carambola presented the highest levels of total oxalate and soluble oxalate. The study assists in the identification and quality control of A. bilimbi and A. carambola and brings new data on its oxalic acid content, which are important, in view of the medicinal use of the species.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2018.09.005 1154 downloads

10.

Materials from renewable resources: new properties and functions
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GALEMBECK, FERNANDO

; BURGO, THIAGO A.L.

; SILVA, DOUGLAS S. DA

; SANTOS, LEANDRA P.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2019, Volume 91 N. 4 elocation e20181160

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract: Sustainable production requires increasing use of raw materials from renewable sources, processed under mild conditions with minimal effluent production. These requirements are satisfied by using materials derived from biomass, in synergy with food and energy production. The possibilities of biomass are continuously enlarged by new findings, as in the intrinsic nanocomposite properties of natural rubber and the amphiphile behavior of cellulose that translated into new functional materials, including high-performance, flexible and conductive non-metallic materials. Other findings are allowing a better understanding of electrostatic phenomena that play a positive role in electrostatic adhesion and cohesion of nanocomposites made from biomass products. Moreover, this should allow the development of safe electrostatic separation techniques, suitable for the fractionation of crude mixtures of biomass residues. A current study on rubber electrostatics is showing its capabilities as a transducer of mechanical energy while providing clues to understand the performance of the dielectric elastomers used in robotic self-sensing actuators.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920181160 2058 downloads

11.

Antiproliferative potential of solidagenone isolated of Solidago chilensis
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Gomes, Denise B.

; Zanchet, Barbara

; Locateli, Gelvani

; Benvenutti, Régis C.

; Vechia, Cristian A. Dalla

; Schönell, Amanda P.

; Diel, Kriptsan A.P.

; Zilli, Gabriela A.L.

; Miorando, Daniela

; Ernetti, Jackeline

; Oliveira, Bianca

; Zanotelli, Patrícia

; Santos, Maria F.C.

; Barisson, Andersson

; Banzato, Thais P.

; Ruiz, Ana L.T.G.

; Carvalho, João E.

; Cechinel Filho, Valdir

; García, Pablo A.G.

; Feliciano, Arturo San

; Roman Junior, Walter A.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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dec 2018, Volume 28 N. 6 Pages 703 - 709

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Plants are considered among the main sources of biologically active chemicals. The species Solidago chilensis Meyen, Asteraceae, is native to the southern parts of South America, where the aerial parts of the plant are commonly used for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. However, the effects of S. chilensis on human cancer cells remain to be elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the antiproliferative effects of the hydroalcoholic and dichloromethane extracts of S. chilensis, as well as their chemical constituents quercitrin and solidagenone against the five human tumor cell lines in vitro. The dichloromethane extract showed a promisor antiproliferative effects in vitro, especially against glioma cell line. Besides, the hydroalcoholic extract and quercitrin were inactive. The diterpene solidagenone showed highly potent antiproliferative effects against breast (MCF-7), kidney (786-0), and prostate cancer (PC-3) cells (total growth inhibition: TGI < 6.25 µg/ml). Solidagenone meets the theoretical physico-chemical criteria for bioavailability of drugs, according to the "Rule of Five" and, by theorical studies, the observed biological effects were probably related to the interaction of the molecule with nuclear receptors and as an enzymatic inhibitor. This study contributes to chemical study and to the identification of antiproliferative molecules in S. chilensis.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2018.09.001 766 downloads

12.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degradation by marine-derived basidiomycetes: optimization of the degradation process
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Vieira, Gabriela A.L.

; Magrini, Mariana Juventina

; Bonugli-Santos, Rafaella C.

; Rodrigues, Marili V.N.

; Sette, Lara D.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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dec 2018, Volume 49 N. 4 Pages 749 - 756

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) are high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) recalcitrant to microbial attack. Although studies related to the microbial degradation of PAHs have been carried out in the last decades, little is known about degradation of these environmental pollutants by fungi from marine origin. Therefore, this study aimed to select one PAHs degrader among three marine-derived basidiomycete fungi and to study its pyrene detoxification/degradation. Marasmiellus sp. CBMAI 1062 showed higher levels of pyrene and BaP degradation and was subjected to studies related to pyrene degradation optimization using experimental design, acute toxicity, organic carbon removal (TOC), and metabolite evaluation. The experimental design resulted in an efficient pyrene degradation, reducing the experiment time while the PAH concentration applied in the assays was increased. The selected fungus was able to degrade almost 100% of pyrene (0.08 mg mL-1) after 48 h of incubation under saline condition, without generating toxic compounds and with a TOC reduction of 17%. Intermediate metabolites of pyrene degradation were identified, suggesting that the fungus degraded the compound via the cytochrome P450 system and epoxide hydrolases. These results highlight the relevance of marine-derived fungi in the field of PAH bioremediation, adding value to the blue biotechnology.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjm.2018.04.007 1171 downloads

13.

A Multy-Year Study Reveals the Importance of Residual Herbicides on Weed Control in Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean
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NUNES, A.L.

; LORENSET, J.

; GUBIANI, J.E.

; SANTOS, F.M.

Planta Daninha

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2018, Volume 36 elocation e018176135

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Um estudo de campo de três safras foi conduzido para avaliar o potencial de uso de herbicidas pré-emergentes misturados com glyphosate como meio de controlar as espécies de plantas daninhas na cultura da soja. Nas safras 2011/12, 2012/13 e 2013/14, o cultivar Brasmax Apollo RR foi semeado sob resíduos de colheita de centeio. Os tratamentos herbicidas foram o glyphosate (gly) (1.296 g i.a. ha-1), gly + S-metolachlor (1.296 + 1.920), gly + imazaquin (1.296 + 161), gly + pendimethalin (1.296 + 1.000), gly + metribuzin (1.296 + 480) e gly + 2,4-D (1.296 + 1.209) aspergidos em pré-emergência (PRE) dois dias antes da semeadura da soja. Além disso, foram incluídas as testemunhas capinada e sem capina. Gly + S-metolachlor e gly + pendimethalin reduziram a densidade de buva de 48 para 3 e 6 plantas m-2, respectivamente. A mistura contendo gly + metribuzin e gly + 2,4-D amina e o gly aplicado isoladamente não apresentaram controle dessa planta daninha. As misturas contendo gly + metribuzin, gly + 2,4-D amina, gly + imazaquin e gly aplicado isoladamente não mostraram qualquer efeito no controle de milhã. Em contraste, gly + S-metolachlor e gly + pendimethalin reduziram a densidade de milhã de 70 para 0 e 1 planta m-2, respectivamente. O rendimento de soja foi maior na testemunha sem capina, gly + S-metolachlor e gly + metribuzin. O uso de herbicida com efeito residual teve impacto no manejo de plantas daninhas e na produtividade da soja. Os maiores níveis de controle de buva e milhã ocorreram com os herbicidas S-metolachlor e metribuzin.

ABSTRACT: A 3-year field study was conducted to assess the potential for using pre-emergent (PRE) herbicides tank mixed with glyphosate as a means of controlling weed species in soybean. In 2011/12, 2012/13 and 2013/14 growing sessions soybean cultivar Brasmax Apollo RR was planted under residues of rye. The herbicide treatments glyphosate (gly) (1,296 g a.i. ha-1), gly + S-metolachlor (1,296 + 1,920), gly + imazaquin (1,296 +161), gly + pendimethalin (1,296 + 1,000), gly + metribuzin (1,296 + 480), gly + 2.4-D amine (1,296 + 1,209) was applied in pre-emergence (PRE) over rye crop residues two days before soybean sowing. In addition, full season weed-free and weedy control plots were included. Gly + S-metolachlor and gly + pendimethalin reduced the horseweed density from 48 to 3 and 6 plants m-2, respectively. The mix containing gly + metribuzin and gly + 2.4-D amine and gly applied alone had no effect in the horseweed control. The mix containing gly + metribuzin, gly + 2.4-D amine, gly + imazaquin and gly applied alone had no effect in the crabgrass control. In contrast gly + S-metolachlor and gly + pendimethalin reduced the crabgrass density from 70 to 0 and 1 plant m-2, respectively. The soybean yield was higher with weed-free, S-metolachlor and metribuzin treatments. The use of an herbicide with residual effect had impact on weed management and soybean yield. In conclusion, a greater control of horseweed and crabgrass occurred when S-metolachlor or pendimethalin was applied PRE.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582018360100039 2382 downloads

14.

Inflammatory biomarkers responses after acute whole body vibration in fibromyalgia
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Ribeiro, V.G.C.

; Mendonça, V.A.

; Souza, A.L.C.

; Fonseca, S.F.

; Camargos, A.C.R.

; Lage, V.K.S.

; Neves, C.D.C.

; Santos, J.M.

; Teixeira, L.A.C.

; Vieira, E.L.M.

; Teixeira Junior, A.L.

; Mezêncio, B.

; Fernandes, J.S.C.

; Leite, H.R.

; Poortmans, J.R.

; Lacerda, A.C.R.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2018, Volume 51 N. 4 elocation e6775

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The aims of this study were 1) to characterize the intensity of the vibration stimulation in women diagnosed with fibromyalgia (FM) compared to a control group of healthy women (HW) matched by age and anthropometric parameters, and 2) to investigate the effect of a single session of whole body vibration (WBV) on inflammatory responses. Levels of adipokines, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors (sTNFr1, sTNFr2), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Oxygen consumption (VO2) was estimated by a portable gas analysis system, heart rate (HR) was measured using a HR monitor, and perceived exertion (RPE) was evaluated using the Borg scale of perceived exertion. Acutely mild WBV increased VO2 and HR similarly in both groups. There was an interaction (disease vs vibration) in RPE (P=0.0078), showing a higher RPE in FM compared to HW at rest, which further increased in FM after acute WBV, whereas it remained unchanged in HW. In addition, there was an interaction (disease vs vibration) in plasma levels of adiponectin (P=0.0001), sTNFR1 (P=0.000001), sTNFR2 (P=0.0052), leptin (P=0.0007), resistin (P=0.0166), and BDNF (P=0.0179). In conclusion, a single acute session of mild and short WBV can improve the inflammatory status in patients with FM, reaching values close to those of matched HW at their basal status. The neuroendocrine mechanism seems to be an exercise-induced modulation towards greater adaptation to stress response in these patients.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20176775 2394 downloads

15.

Papillary Adenocarcinoma of the descending colon in a dog: case report
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Ferreira, M.G.P.A.

; Ribeiro, J.O.

; Pascoli, A.L.

; Reis-Filho, N.P.

; Beluque, T.

; Santos, M.Q.P.

; Theodoro, S.S.

; Feliciano, M.A.R.

; Nardi, A.B.

; Tinucci-Costa, M.

; Moraes, P.C.

; Canola, J.C.

; Carciofi, A.C.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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aug 2017, Volume 69 N. 4 Pages 830 - 834

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo desse relato de caso foi descrever os achados clínicos e manejo terapêutico de um caso de adenocarcinoma papilífero do cólon descendente em um Beagle. O paciente apresentou fezes amolecidas, hematoquesia, tenesmo e disquesia. Exame clínico revelou alteração de achados ultrassonográficos do cólon descendente sugerindo colite e neoplasia. Após ressecção de massa local, análise histopatológica revelou enterite linfmoplasmocito leve e adenocarcinoma papilar do cólon. Enterectomia para ressecção tumoral e biopsia das lesões locais e tumores linfonodais foram realizadas. Após procedimento cirúrgico foi possível confirmar o diagnóstico prévio e o tumor foi classificado como adenocarcinoma papilar intraluminal intestinal, com margens cirúrgicas incompletas. Quimioterapia adjuvante foi realizada utilizando carboplatina, ciclofosfamida e piroxano, levando a remissão de sinais clínicos e ausência de alterações de imagem compatíveis com situação clínica prévia do paciente.

ABSTRACT The aim of this report was to describe the clinical findings and therapeutic management of a case of papillary adenocarcinoma of the descending colon in a Beagle. The patient presented soft stools, haematochezia, tenesmus, and dyschezia. Clinical examination revealed alterations on the ultrasonographic features of the descending colon suggestive of colitis and neoplasia. Following local mass resection, histopathology analysis revealed mild lymphoplasmocytic enteritis and papillary adenocarcinoma of the colon. Enterectomy for tumoral resection and biopsy of locoregional lymph nodes were carried out. Subsequent to the surgical procedure, it was possible to confirm the previous diagnosis and the tumor was classified as intestinal intraluminal papillary adenocarcinoma, with incomplete surgical margins. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed using carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, and piroxicam, leading to remission of clinical signs and absence of any clinical or imaging alterations compatible with the patient’s previous clinical condition.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-9404 3223 downloads

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