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Reuse made by the separation of whey can reduce the waste of human milk. However, the authors are not aware of the literature on treatments in human whey, made available by pasteurization holder, freeze-drying, spray drying, and high hydrostatic pressure. In this context, the present study applied treatments to human whey and evaluated their lipid and immunological quality. Among the results, a different formation in the triacylglycerol profile was evidenced after the application of spray drying and high hydrostatic pressure, while pasteurization and freeze-drying presented ion intensity close to the control human whey. In addition, pasteurization proved to be adequate for lipid nutritional quality and transformation factor-β1 (TGF-β1) concentration, while an increase in interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels was promoted, between 73 and 80%, after freeze-drying, spray drying, and high hydrostatic pressure. Through the principal component analysis, it is noteworthy that the processes presented divergences in terms of the effects caused, with similarity only between pasteurization and freeze-drying in the composition of fatty acids. However, it was observed that all processes were able to maintain the nutrients. Nevertheless, it is relevant to consider individual characteristics presented and the interest in the desired quality, which can be promising as a complementary product to infant feeding.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230102

Characterization of briquettes produced from eucalyptus wood waste generated in agro-industries
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Sena, Andressa S.

; Nahime, Bacus

; Lima, Elton C.

; Lobo, Fausto A.

; Akasaki, Jorge L.

; Santos, Igor S. dos

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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nov 2021, Volume 25 N. 11 Pages 794 - 798

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Caldeiras são amplamente utilizadas por indústrias e usinas termelétricas para gerar energia renovável. Porém, quando a biomassa é consumida, resíduos são gerados, que em sua maioria não podem ser descartados de forma adequada. Este estudo investigou o reaproveitamento do resíduo de madeira de eucalipto com o objetivo de transforma-lo em briquetes resistentes e duráveis para reaproveitamento em fornos e caldeiras. As propriedades físico-químicas do resíduo foram estudadas em termos de composição química por fluorescência de raios-X, e sua estrutura cristalina foi avaliada por difração de raios-X. Ambas análises termogravimétrica e termogravimétrica diferencial foram utilizadas para caracterizar a decomposição térmica do resíduo de madeira. O resíduo foi compactado em prensa universal com umidade suficiente para a fabricação de briquetes sob diferentes condições de pressão mecânica. Os testes de densidade aparente, durabilidade e queima foram realizados nos briquetes. A temperatura máxima atingida durante a queima depende da pressão de compactação de fabricação. Os briquetes se mostraram adequados para queima em caldeiras e fornos, e sua durabilidade é vantajosa para manuseio, reutilização e transporte.

ABSTRACT Boilers are widely used by industries and thermoelectric plants to generate renewable energy. However, when biomass is consumed, residues are generated, which for the most part cannot be discarded appropriately. This study investigated the reuse of eucalyptus wood waste with the goal of transforming the residue into resistant and durable briquettes for reuse in furnaces and boilers. The physico-chemical properties of the residue were studied in terms of chemical composition by X-ray fluorescence, and its crystalline structure was evaluated by X-ray diffraction. Both thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize the thermal decomposition of the wood waste residue. The residue was compacted in a universal press with sufficient humidity to fabricate briquettes under different conditions of mechanical pressure. Apparent density, durability, and burning tests were carried out on the briquettes. The maximum temperature reached during burning is dependent on the fabrication compaction pressure. The briquettes proved suitable for burning in boilers and furnaces, and their durability is advantageous for handling, reuse, and transportation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n11p794-798 91 downloads

Prevalence of nasal carriers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in primary health care units in Brazil
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Goes, Isabella Carolina Rodrigues dos Santos

; Romero, Letícia Calixto

; Turra, Ana Julia

; Gotardi, Maria Angélica

; Rodrigues, Talyssa Fernandes Silva de Oliveira

; Santos, Lalessa de Oliveira

; Dores, Jéssica Cristina das

; Nascimento, Michel Ulloffo do

; Cavalleri, Andressa Côrtes

; Pinheiro-Hubinger, Luiza

; Eller, Lizziane Kretli Winkelstroter

; Pereira, Valéria Cataneli

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2021, Volume 63 elocation e14

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus by healthcare workers is of great clinical importance as it facilitates the contamination of medical devices and cross-transmission. However, studies regarding the epidemiology and dissemination of S. aureus and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) within the Primary Health Care in Brazil are scarce. The current study aimed to detect and characterize S. aureus and MRSA strains from the nasal cavities of 63 healthcare working in primary health care units in order to determine the prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA, biofilm formation and resistance profile of these isolates. PCR reactions were performed for detecting mecA, icaA and icaD genes. The phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed by the disk diffusion method and biofilm formation by the Congo Red Agar (CRA) method. The MRSA isolates were typed for the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec). The prevalence of nasal carriage of S. aureus was 74.6%, of which 72.3% were MRSA carrying SCCmec type I (24.4%), III (34.1%), IV (36.6%). Two (4.9%) isolates presented a non-typeable cassette by the performed technique. The antimicrobial susceptibility evaluation evidenced penicillin resistance in 66.1% of S. aureus, erythromycin resistance in 49.2%, while 37.3% were resistant to oxacillin, 28.8% to cefoxitin, 5.1% to levofloxacin and 5.1% to clindamycin. All isolates were biofilm producers and 96.6% of the strains contained the ica biofilm-forming genes (icaA and/or icaD). We have demonstrated a high prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA carriage among health care working in Primary Health Care units, the presence of SCCmec types I, III and IV, in addition to their high ability to form biofilm, factors that possibly contribute to the dissemination and persistence of these pathogens within the primary care services. These observations highlight the importance of broadening the perspective of Health Care-Associated Infections prevention, including all health care levels, which are currently little explored. In addition, the dynamics and resistance mechanisms of S. aureus transmission still need to be further clarified to enable the implementation of more effective prevention measures.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202163014 661 downloads

Gender-related differences in the modulation of anthropometric, biochemical, and immune markers by physical activity in hypertensive and diabetic individuals
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SANTOS, DÉBORAH C. DOS

; RIBEIRO, ISRAEL S.

; LOPES, DIEGO PATRICK S.

; PEREIRA, ÍTALO S.

; SANTOS, DENISAR P.

; MUNIZ, IGOR P.R.

; LIMA, FERNANDA M. DA SILVA

; COSTA, ANDRESSA ANTÔNIA S.

; SOUZA, DANIELA DA SILVA P.

; CALADO, STÉFANO PEDRO DE MELO

; GONÇALVES, CAROLINE V.

; GALANTINI, MARIA POLIANA L.

; LOPES, DANILO N.

; SILVA, ROBSON A.A. DA

; SANTOS, GILVANÉIA S.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 elocation e20201905

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compose the two major noncommunicable chronic inflammatory diseases. Physical activity has been shown as a promising complementary approach to control the systemic inflammation. However, it is still unclear whether this modulation is gender-dependent. The objective of this study was evaluate the gender-related influence of physical activity on the inflammatory response and biochemical profile of individuals with SAH and T2DM. An international physical activity questionnaire was applied to 376 individuals diagnosed with SAH and T2DM in order to access their exercises routine and was evaluated the influence of physical activity in biochemical, anthropometrical, and immunological markers involved in these disorders in men and women. Even though active individuals have exhibited lower serum levels of IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17A, the ratios between IL-10 and all inflammatory cytokines were higher in men than in women. Physically active individuals also demonstrated increased HDL/LDL and HDL/VLDL ratios. Moreover, multiple correlations revealed that in active women both IL-10 and TNF-α serum levels positively correlate with fasting glucose levels, and were negatively associated with HDL levels. Our findings suggest that gender-related differences dictate a distinct crosstalk between inflammatory and biochemical markers in physically active individuals.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201905 1 downloads

Dietary intake of tyrosine and phenylalanine, and p-cresyl sulfate plasma levels in non-dialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease
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Fernandes, Andressa Louzada Frauche

; Borges, Natalia A.

; Black, Ana Paula

; Anjos, Juliana dos

; Silva, Greicielle Santos da

; Nakao, Lia S.

; Mafra, Denise

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology

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sep 2020, Volume 42 N. 3 Pages 307 - 314

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução: Pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC) apresentam desequilíbrio na composição da microbiota intestinal, gerando toxinas urêmicas, como o p-cresil sulfato (PCS), pela fermentação bacteriana dos aminoácidos tirosina (Tyr) e fenilalanina (Phe) da dieta. Assim, a dieta pode ser determinante nos níveis de toxinas urêmicas produzidos pela microbiota intestinal. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a possível relação entre a ingestão de Tyr e Phe e os níveis plasmáticos de PCS em pacientes com DRC não dialisados. Métodos: Foram avaliados 27 pacientes com DRC em tratamento conservador (estágios 3 e 4), sem intervenção nutricional prévia. A ingestão alimentar foi avaliada pelo recordatório alimentar de 24h (R-24h) de 3 dias, e a ingestão proteica também foi verificada através do Protein Nitrogen Appearance (PNA). Os níveis plasmáticos de PCS foram determinados por cromatografia líquida de fase reversa. Resultados: Os pacientes avaliados (TFG, 34,8 ± 12,4 mL/min, 54,2 ± 14,3 anos, IMC 29,3 ± 6,1 kg/m2) apresentaram ingestão média de proteína de 1,1 ± 0,5 g/kg/dia, Tyr de 4,5 ± 2,4 g/dia e Phe de 4,6 ± 2,5 g/dia. Os níveis plasmáticos de PCS (20,4 ± 15,5 mg/L) foram elevados e positivamente associados à ingestão de Tyr (r = 0,58, p = 0,002) e Phe (r = 0,53, p = 0,005), mesmo após ajustes pela TFG e idade. Conclusão: Este estudo sugere que a dieta é um importante modulador dos níveis plasmáticos de toxinas urêmicas produzidas pela microbiota intestinal em pacientes com DRC não dialisados.

ABSTRACT Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) present an imbalance of the gut microbiota composition, leading to increased production of uremic toxins like p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), product from bacterial fermentation of the amino acids tyrosine (Tyr) and phenylalanine (Phe) from the diet. Thus, diet may be a determinant in the uremic toxins levels produced by the gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationship between Tyr and Phe intake and PCS plasma levels in non-dialysis CKD patients. Methods: Twenty-seven non-dialysis CKD patients (stages 3 and 4) without previous nutritional intervention were evaluated. The dietary intake was evaluated using a 24-hour recall, 3-day food record and protein intake was also estimated by Protein Nitrogen Appearance (PNA). The plasma levels of PCS were measured using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Results: The evaluated patients (GRF, 34.8 ± 12.4 mL/min, 54.2 ± 14.3 years, BMI, 29.3 ± 6.1 kg/m2) presented mean protein intake of 1.1 ± 0.5 g/kg/day), Tyr of 4.5 ± 2.4 g/day and Phe of 4.6 ± 2.5 g/day. PCS plasma levels (20.4 ± 15.5 mg/L) were elevated and positively associated with both, Tyr (r = 0.58, p = 0.002) and Phe intake (r = 0.53, p = 0.005), even after adjustments for eGFR and age. Conclusion: This study suggests that the diet is an important modulator of the uremic toxins plasma levels produced by the gut microbiota, in non-dialysis CKD patients.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2018-0214 818 downloads

Registro Multicêntrico de Takotsubo (REMUTA) – Aspectos Clínicos, Desfechos Intra-Hospitalares e Mortalidade a Longo Prazo
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Almeida Junior, Gustavo Luiz Gouvêa de

; Mansur Filho, João

; Albuquerque, Denilson Campos de

; Xavier, Sergio Salles

; Pontes, Álvaro

; Gouvêa, Elias Pimentel

; Martins, Alexandre Bahia Barreiras

; Nunes, Nágela S. V.

; Carestiato, Lilian Vieira

; Petriz, João Luiz Fernandes

; Santos, Armando Márcio Gonçalves

; Bandeira, Bruno Santana

; Abufaiad, Bárbara Elaine de Jesus

; Pacheco, Luciana da Camara

; Oliveira, Maurício Sales de

; Ribeiro Filho, Paulo Eduardo Campana

; Sampaio, Pedro Paulo Nogueres

; Duque, Gustavo Salgado

; Camillis, Luiz Felipe

; Marques, André Casarsa

; Lourenço Jr, Francisco Carlos

; Palazzo, José Ricardo

; Costa, Cláudio Ramos da

; Silva, Bibiana Almeida da

; Zukowski, Cleverson Neves

; Garcia, Romulo Ribeiro

; Zonis, Fernanda de Carvalho

; Paula, Suzana Andressa Morais de

; Ferrari, Carolina Gravano Ferraz

; Rangel, Bruno Soares da Silva

; Ferreira, Roberto Muniz

; Mendes, Bárbara Ferreira da Silva

; Castro, Isabela Ribeiro Carvalho de

; Souza, Leonardo Giglio Gonçalves de

; Araújo, Luiz Henrique dos Santos

; Giani, Alexandre

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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aug 2020, Volume 115 N. 2 Pages 207 - 216

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento A síndrome de takotsubo (takotsubo) é uma forma de cardiomiopatia adquirida. Dados nacionais sobre essa condição são escassos. O Registro REMUTA é o primeiro a incluir dados multicêntricos dessa condição no nosso país. Objetivo Descrever as características clínicas, prognóstico, tratamento intra-hospitalar e mortalidade hospitalar e em 1 ano de seguimento. Métodos Estudo observacional, retrospectivo, tipo registro. Incluídos pacientes internados com diagnóstico de takotsubo ou que desenvolveram esta condição durante internação por outra causa. Os desfechos avaliados incluíram fator desencadeador, análise dos exames, uso de medicações, complicações e óbito intra-hospitalar e em 1 ano de seguimento. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados Foram incluídos 169 pacientes, em 12 centros no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A idade média foi de 70,9 ± 14,1 anos e 90,5% eram do sexo feminino; 63% dos casos foram de takotsubo primário e 37% secundário. Troponina I foi positiva em 92,5% dos pacientes e a mediana de BNP foi de 395 (176,5; 1725). Supradesnivelamento do segmento ST esteve presente em 28% dos pacientes. A fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo teve mediana de 40 (35; 48)%. Observamos taxa de 25,7% de ventilação mecânica invasiva e 17,4% de choque. Suporte circulatório mecânico foi utilizado em 7,7%. A mortalidade intra-hospitalar foi de 10,6% e a mortalidade ao final de 1 ano foi de 16,5%. Takotsubo secundário e choque cardiogênico foram preditores independentes de mortalidade. Conclusão Os resultados do REMUTA mostram que takotsubo não se trata de patologia benigna como se pensava, especialmente no grupo de takotsubo secundário que acarreta elevada taxa de complicações e de mortalidade. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(2):207-216)

Abstract Background Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is an acquired form of cardiomyopathy. National Brazilian data on this condition are scarce. The Takotsubo Multicenter Registry (REMUTA) is the first to include multicenter data on this condition in Brazil. Objective To describe the clinical characteristics, prognosis, in-hospital treatment, in-hospital mortality, and mortality during 1 year of follow-up. Methods This is an observational, retrospective registry study including patients admitted to the hospital with diagnosis of TTS and patients admitted for other reasons who developed this condition. Evaluated outcomes included triggering factor, analysis of exams, use of medications, complications, in-hospital mortality, and mortality during 1 year of follow-up. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Results The registry included 169 patients from 12 centers in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mean age was 70.9 ± 14.1 years, and 90.5% of patients were female; 63% of cases were primary TTS, and 37% were secondary. Troponin I was positive in 92.5% of patients, and median BNP was 395 (176.5; 1725). ST-segment elevation was present in 28% of patients. Median left ventricular ejection fraction was 40 (35; 48)%. We observed invasive mechanical ventilation in 25.7% of cases and shock in 17.4%. Mechanical circulatory support was used in 7.7%. In-hospital mortality was 10.6%, and mortality at 1 year of follow-up was 16.5%. Secondary TTS and cardiogenic shock were independent predictors of mortality. Conclusion The results of the REMUTA show that TTS is not a benign pathology, as was once thought, especially regarding the secondary TTS group, which has a high rate of complications and mortality. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(2):207-216)

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20190166 1217 downloads

Regenerated Cellulose Membrane from Peanut Shell for Biodiesel Purification
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Reis, Ana Maria S.

; Vieira, Andressa T.

; Santos, Allyson L. R.

; Ferreira, Marcos V.

; Batista, Antônio C. F.

; Assunção, Rosana M. N.

; Rodrigues Filho, Guimes

; Ribeiro, Elaine A. M.

; Faria, Anizio M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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may 2020, Volume 31 N. 5 Pages 1011 - 1020

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Biodiesel purification by water washing has been proved to be an unattractive process from an economic and environmental point of view. In this work, we propose the use of regenerated cellulose membranes from peanut shell as an alternative in the biodiesel purification. The preparation of the membranes was optimized from a central composite design, resulting in dense and non-porous membranes. However, in contact with biodiesel, the membranes undergo expansion due to the retention of methanol, water, and glycerol molecules, allowing the permeation of fatty acid methyl esters. The filtered biodiesel presents quality parameters, such as total ester content of 98.3 ± 1.4% and free glycerol content < 0.02%, in agreement with the main regulatory agencies. The regenerated cellulose membranes from peanut shell are easily prepared, with high repeatability (relative standard deviation (RSD) < 1.8%) and are presented as an economical and environmental solution for the biodiesel purification.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190267 277 downloads

Coverage and educational actions related to the national vitamin A supplementation program: a study in children from the state of Alagoas,
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Lima, Riquelane B.M.

; Ferreira, Haroldo S.

; Cavalcante, Andressa L.

; Santos, Laíse Gabrielly M.L.

; Vieira, Regina Coeli S.

; Assunção, Monica L.

Jornal de Pediatria

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apr 2020, Volume 96 N. 2 Pages 184 - 192

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivos Estimar a cobertura do Programa Nacional de Suplementação de Vitamina A em crianças de Alagoas, identificar fatores associados a essa cobertura e analisar a adequação das ações de educação nutricional. Métodos Inquérito domiciliar que envolveu amostra probabilística representativa das crianças de 6 a 59 meses de Alagoas e suas mães (n = 509). A cobertura foi definida pelo percentual de crianças com registro de suplementação no último semestre. A associação entre as variáveis independentes (socioeconômicas, demográficas e de saúde) e a cobertura do Programa Nacional de Suplementação de Vitamina A foi analisada com base na razão de prevalência e seu IC95%. O conhecimento das mães sobre questões relacionadas à vitamina A foi assumido como indicador da adequação das ações de educação nutricional. Resultados A cobertura do programa foi de 91,9% entre crianças de 6-11,9 meses e de 38,6% entre as de 12-59 meses. Na análise ajustada, os fatores que se associaram à maior cobertura foram ter idade entre 6-11,9 meses (RP = 2,50; IC95%: 2,10-2,96), residir em zona rural (RP = 1,45; IC95%: 1,20-1,76) e morar em domicílio com ≤ 4 cômodos (RP = 1,33; IC95%: 1,09-1,63). Somente 26,1% das mães souberam citar algum alimento fonte de vitamina A e apenas 19,2% conheciam as consequências da deficiência dessa vitamina para a saúde. Conclusões A cobertura do Programa Nacional de Suplementação de Vitamina A encontra-se aquém das metas estabelecidas pelo Ministério da Saúde (exceto para crianças < 12 meses). Os fatores associados à maior cobertura evidenciam adequada focalização do programa. As atividades de educação nutricional não ocorrem de forma satisfatória. Essas informações devem nortear ações de aperfeiçoamento do programa.

Abstract Objectives: To estimate the coverage of the National Vitamin A Supplementation Program (Programa Nacional de Suplementação de Vitamina A) in children from Alagoas, to identify factors associated with this coverage, and to analyze the adequacy of nutrition education actions. Methods: Household survey involving a representative probabilistic sample of children aged 6 to 59 months from Alagoas and their mothers (n = 509). Coverage was defined by the percentage of children with supplementation records in the last semester. The association between the independent variables (socioeconomic, demographic, and health) and the National Vitamin A Supplementation Program coverage was analyzed based on the prevalence ratio and its 95% CI. The mothers' knowledge of questions related to vitamin A was considered as an indicator of the adequacy of nutrition education actions. Results: Program coverage was 91.9% in children aged 6-11.9 months and 38.6% in children aged 12-59 months. In the adjusted analysis, the factors that were associated with greater coverage were: age between 6-11.9 months (PR = 2.50, 95% CI: 2.10-2.96), living in rural areas (PR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.20-1.76) and living in a house with ≤ 4 rooms (PR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.09-1.63). Only 26.1% of the mothers were able to mention some food source of vitamin A and only 19.2% were aware of the consequences of vitamin deficiency for health. Conclusions: The National Vitamin A Supplementation Program coverage is below the targets set by the Ministry of Health (except for children < 12 months). The factors associated with greater coverage indicate an adequate focus of the program. The nutrition education activities have not demonstrated satisfactory results. This information should guide actions to improve the program.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.08.006 707 downloads

Micropropagation of Chapada Diamantina ornamental bromeliad
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Lima, Andressa Priscila Piancó Santos

; Brito, Alone Lima

; Santana, José Raniere Ferreira de

Ciência Rural

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2020, Volume 50 N. 2 elocation e20180922

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Sincoraea mucugensis (Wand. & A.A. Conc.) LOUZADA & WAND é uma bromélia vulnerável de ocorrência restrita ao município de Mucugê, Chapada Diamantina. Estudos indicam que a cultura de tecidos é uma alternativa viável para a propagação in vitro desta espécie. Contudo, em função das baixas taxas de multiplicação obtidas em estudos anteriores, objetivou-se estabelecer um protocolo de micropropagação via organogênese direta para S. mucugensis. Explantes caulinares foram inoculados em meio de cultura MS ½ contendo diferentes concentrações de BAP (0,00; 6,66; 8,88; 11,10; 13,20 µM) e ANA (0,00; 2,60; 5,20 µM). Os brotos obtidos foram submetidos a diferentes períodos de enraizamento (30 e 60 dias) com carvão ativado; posteriormente as microplantas foram aclimatizadas em casa de vegetação, testando-se o efeito da cobertura com copos plásticos transparentes como estratégias contra perda de água. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e as médias analisadas por regressão ou comparadas pelo Teste de Tukey. Os resultados demonstram que altas taxas de multiplicação de S. mucugensis são geradas a partir de explantes caulinares cultivados em meio contendo ANA (6,42 a 7,43 brotos/explantes); o enraizamento dos brotos é realizado por 30 dias em meio com carvão ativado e a aclimatização é feita com exposição direta das microplantas ao ambiente ex vitro com 95% de sobrevivência.

ABSTRACT: Sincoraea mucugensis (Wand. & A.A. Conc.) LOUZADA & WAND, an endangered bromeliad, is confined to the central region of the Chapada Diamantina, in the municipality of Mucugê, Brazil. From various researches, it is evident that for the propagation of this species, the in vitro technique is a feasible option. However, due to the low multiplication rates reported in various papers, this study aimed to establish a micropropagation protocol of direct organogenesis for S. mucugensis. First, the inoculation of the stem explants was done in MS ½ culture medium which contained different levels of BAP (0.00; 6.66; 8.88; 11.10; 13.20 µM) and NAA (0.00; 2.60; 5.20 µM). These shoots were then subjected to a couple of distinct rooting periods (of 30- and 60-day duration) using activated charcoal; finally, these microplants were transferred to a greenhouse for acclimatization, and covered with transparent plastic cups, as a water loss prevention test method. All the data were submitted to the analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the means were subjected to regression analysis or compared using the Tukey test. The findings revealed that the S. mucugensis stem explants raised in the NAA-rich medium (6.42 to 7.43 shoots/explants) showed high multiplication rates; the shoot rooting was done for 30 days using activated charcoal with the medium. Acclimatization, which was performed by directly exposing the microplants to the ex vitro environment, showed 95% survival rate.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20180922 1171 downloads

10.

A higher number of school meals is associated with a less-processed diet,
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Bento, Bruna M.A.

; Moreira, Andressa da C.

; Carmo, Ariene S. do

; Santos, Luana C. dos

; Horta, Paula M.

Jornal de Pediatria

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aug 2018, Volume 94 N. 4 Pages 404 - 409

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo: Comparar a participação dos alimentos in natura e minimamente processados, processados e ultraprocessados na alimentação de 1.357 escolares de Belo Horizonte (MG) de acordo com o número de refeições escolares consumidas diariamente. Métodos: Foram definidos quatro grupos de estudo: crianças que não consumiam a alimentação escolar e crianças que consumiam uma, duas ou três refeições escolares diariamente. A participação na dieta dos grupos de alimentos, em g/1.000 kcal, foi obtida a partir de dois recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas. Foram analisados três modelos de regressão linear, nos quais o consumo de cada um dos três grupos de alimentos constituiu a variável dependente, o número de refeições escolares consumidas diariamente constituiu a variável independente e os dados sociodemográficos (sexo, idade, índice de vulnerabilidade à saúde) e de excesso de peso constituíram-se as variáveis de ajuste. Resultados: Verificou-se que as crianças que consumiam duas e três refeições escolares diariamente apresentaram, respectivamente, 7,3% e 10,5% maior ingestão de alimentos in natura e minimamente processados quando comparadas com as crianças que não consumiam a alimentação escolar. Além disso, a participação de ultraprocessados foi 18,0% menor na alimentação das crianças que consumiam duas refeições escolares e 26,0% menor entre as que consumiam três refeições escolares diariamente, em comparação com aquelas que não consumiam a alimentação escolar. Conclusão: O estudo apontou possível efeito dose-resposta na proteção da alimentação dos estudantes a partir do consumo de duas refeições escolares diárias, destacando a relevância da permanência da criança em período integral na escola para a promoção da alimentação saudável.

Abstract Objective: To compare the participation of food groups - fresh and minimally processed, processed, and ultra-processed - in the diet of students (n = 1357) from Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, in accordance with the number of school meals consumed daily. Methods: Four groups were defined: children that did not consume school meals and children that consumed one, two, or three school meals daily. Food groups participation, in g/1000 kcal, was obtained using two 24-hour recalls. Three linear regression models were analyzed, in which the consumption of each of the food groups was the dependent variable, the number of school meals was the independent variable, and sociodemographic data (gender, age, health vulnerability) and overweight condition were the control variables. Results: Children that consumed 2 or 3 school meals daily showed, respectively, 7.3% and 10.5% higher ingestion of fresh and minimally processed food in comparison to children that did not consume school meals. Moreover, ultra-processed food participation was 18.0% lower among students that consumed two school meals and 26.0% lower among children that consumed three meals daily, in comparison to students that did not consume school meals. Conclusion: The study showed a possible dose-response effect in children's daily diets with two or three school meals and highlighted the relevance of the prolonged stay at school for healthy eating promotion in children.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2017.07.016 2069 downloads

11.

Multi-Residue Method for Determination of Thirty-Five Pesticides, Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Water Using Ionic Liquid-Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Combined with Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
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Marube, Liziane C.

; Caldas, Sergiane S.

; Santos, Elisane O. dos

; Michaelsen, Andressa

; Primel, Ednei G.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jun 2018, Volume 29 N. 6 Pages 1349 - 1359

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Ionic liquid-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (IL-DLLME) was used for the determination of different chemical classes of analytes for the first time. Limits of quantification (LOQs) ranged from 0.5 to 2.5 µg L-1, and the linearity ranged from the LOQ of each compound to 50 µg L-1. Recoveries ranged from 70 to 120% for the compounds, with relative standard deviations less than 18%. The proposed method demonstrates for the first time that sample preparation by IL-DLLME and determination by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) can be used successfully for the simultaneous extraction of 19 kinds of pesticides and 16 PPCPs from water samples. In addition, to eliminate the environmental risk of waste solvent disposal, this technique uses a low-toxicity extraction solvent. Finally, the analytical method proposed was applied successfully in analysis in surface water samples.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20170234 842 downloads

12.

Biochemical and hematological evaluation in subjects with intellectual disability associated or not to Down syndrome
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Mierlo, Andressa I. Van

; Queje, Isabella Cristina

; Simionatto, Mackelly

; Brito, Priscilla S.

; Santos, Fabio André dos

; Vellosa, José Carlos R.

; Borato, Danielle Cristyane K.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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feb 2018, Volume 54 N. 1 Pages 9 - 13

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A síndrome de Down (SD) é uma das principais causas de deficiência intelectual. Os objetivos deste estudo foram comparar parâmetros bioquímicos e hematológicos, bem como encontrar a relação triglicerídeo/colesterol da lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL-C) e a razão neutrófilo/linfócito em indivíduos com deficiência intelectual (DI) associada ou não à SD. O principal resultado foi a diminuição do HDL-C em indivíduos com SD quando comparados àqueles com DI, sugerindo que essa modificação no perfil lipídico pode se relacionar com alterações genéticas. Portanto, pesquisas adicionais são importantes para analisar se existe ligação entre a trissomia 21 e a redução dos níveis de HDL-C em indivíduos com SD.

ABSTRACT Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most leading causes of intellectual disability. The aim of this study was to compare biochemical and hematological parameters, triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios in individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) associated or not with DS. The main result is the lower HDL-C level in individuals with DS than in the ID group, suggesting a modification in the lipid profile whose origin would lie in genetic alterations. However, further researches are important to analyze if there is any link between trisomy 21 and the reduction of plasma HDL-C levels in individuals with DS.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20180005 1090 downloads

13.

Natural Organic Acid as Green Catalyst for Xanthenones Synthesis: Methodology, Mechanism and Calcium Channel Blocking Activity
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Terra, Bruna S.

; Osorio, Aura M. B.

; Oliveira, Aline de

; Santos, Rebeca P. M.

; Mouro, Andressa P.

; Araújo, Natália F. de

; Silva, Cameron C. da

; Martins, Felipe T.

; Vieira, Luciene B.

; Bonaventura, Daniella

; Abreu, Heitor A. de

; Alcântara, Antonio F. C.

; Fátima, Ângelo de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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dec 2017, Volume 28 N. 12 Pages 2313 - 2325

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Xanthenones were synthesized via one-pot tricomponent reaction, under solvent-free conditions, using aldehydes, phenolic and cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. Natural organic acids (NOAs), compounds present in many living metabolisms, were used as potential green catalysts. NOA are considered to be more eco-friendly and user-friendly alternative to traditional methodologies. Optimization studies showed that oxalic acid was the best NOA catalyst for such reaction furnishing the xanthenones with up to 93% of yield. Theoretical calculations were performed to evaluate this reaction mechanism and regioselectivity. The results showed that the regiospecificity of this three-component reaction is kinetically and thermodynamically controlled by the addition of β-naphthol C2, instead of C10, to the aldehyde. Our results also disclosed two xanthenones as novel calcium channels blockers. Eco-friendly reaction conditions, easy workup procedure, short reaction times and good yields are some of the advantages of our methodology.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20170082 1409 downloads

14.

Evaluation of the fetal urine sample through vesicocentesis: an approach to diagnostic and therapeutic application
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Santos, Andressa S.

; Bassani, Naiane C.

; Floriani, Maiara A.

; Fell, Paulo Renato Krahl

; Dietrich, Cristine

; Rosa, Ernani B.

; Correia, Jamile D.

; Zen, Paulo Ricardo G.

; Rosa, Rafael Fabiano M.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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aug 2017, Volume 53 N. 4 Pages 258 - 260

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Relatamos o caso de um feto com megabexiga e suspeita de obstrução do trato urinário inferior (LUTO). O exame ultrassonográfico realizado com 20 semanas de gestação mostrou líquido amniótico ausente (adramnia), bexiga com aumento de volume e estreitamento na região da uretra proximal. Na 21ª semana de gestação, foi realizada a vesicocentese para alívio e análise bioquímica e cariotípica da urina fetal, que apresentou resultado normal (46,XY). Essa técnica é indicada em casos de grave oligodramnia ou dificuldade de acesso placentário e tem função diagnóstica e terapêutica.

ABSTRACT We report the case of a fetus with mega-bladder and suspected lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO). The 20-week pregnancy ultrasound scan showed absence of amniotic fluid (anhydramnios), enlarged bladder, and narrowing of the urethra in the proximal region. At 21 weeks of gestational age, vesicocentesis was performed for relief of obstruction and analysis of biochemical of the fetal urine and karyotyping was carried out, which presented normal result (46,XY). This technique is indicated in cases of severe oligohydramnios or difficulty of placental access and has diagnostic and therapeutic function.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20170040 1332 downloads

15.

Cytotoxicity of Universal, Self-Etching and Etch-and-Rinse Adhesive Systems According to the Polymerization Time
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Elias, Silvia T.

; Santos, Andressa F. dos

; Garcia, Fernanda C.P.

; Pereira, Patrícia N.R.

; Hilgert, Leandro A.

; Fonseca-Bazzo, Yris M.

; Guerra, Eliete N. S.

; Ribeiro, Ana Paula Dias

Brazilian Dental Journal

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apr 2015, Volume 26 N. 2 Pages 160 - 168

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O presente estudo in vitro avaliou a citotoxicidade direta dos sistemas adesivos convencionais, autocondicionantes e universais de acordo com o tempo de polimerização em cultura de fibroblastos. Discos de papel foram impregnados com adesivos e fotoativados (10, 20 e 40 s). Os discos foram posteriormente imersos em meio de cultura para obtenção dos eluatos dos grupos experimentais (A1-Single Bond 2; A2-Scotchbond Multi-purpose; A3-Clearfil SE Bond; A4 Scotchbond Universal). Para o controle negativo, os discos de papel foram imersos somente em meio de cultura. Após 24 h ou 7 dias, o eluato obtido foi aplicado na cultura de fibroblastos. O metabolismo celular, morfologia, dano de membrana e presença de monômeros residuais foram avaliados por teste de MTT, MEV, citometria de fluxo e HPLC, respectivamente. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney. Todos os sistemas adesivos reduziram significativamente o metabolismo celular em 33 a 51% quando comparados ao grupo controle, independente do tempo de polimerização, período de armazenamento e tipo de sistema adesivo. O eluato do adesivos causou ainda intensas alterações morfológicas e danos à membrana celular. A toxicidade foi diretamente relacionada à presença de monômeros residuais nos eluatos experimentais. Monômeros residuais e componentes adicionais dos sistemas adesivos foram capazes de reduzir a atividade mitocondrial, causar alterações morfológicas e danos à membrana citoplasmática de fibroblastos, independente do tempo de polimerização. Esse estudo evidencia que apesar de uma composição mais complexa do sistema adesivo universal, sua resposta biológica não apresentou maior toxicidade quando comparado aos demais sistemas, mesmo no menor tempo de polimerização quando testados em cultura celular.

This in vitro study evaluated in fibroblast cultures the direct cytotoxicity of universal, self-etching and etch-and-rinse adhesive systems according to the polymerization time. Paper discs were impregnated with adhesives and light-cured (10, 20 or 40 s). The discs were then immersed in culture medium to obtain the eluates for the experimental groups (A1-Single Bond 2; A2-Scotchbond Multi-purpose; A3-Clearfil SE Bond; A4 Scotchbond Universal). As a negative control, paper discs were immersed in culture medium only. After 24 h or 7 days, the eluate obtained was applied on fibroblast culture. Cell viability, cell morphology, membrane damage and the presence of residual monomers were evaluated by MTT assay, SEM, flow cytometry and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (=0.05). All adhesive systems significantly reduced 33-51% cell metabolism when compared to the negative control, regardless of polymerization time, storage period and adhesive system. Moreover, the adhesives caused intense morphological alterations and cell membrane damage. Toxicity was directly related to the presence of residual monomers in the eluates. Residual monomers and additional components are capable of reducing mitochondrial activity, causing morphological alterations and disruption of the cell membrane in fibroblasts, regardless of the polymerization time. This study highlights that despite the more complex composition of the universal adhesive system, its biological response was not more toxic when compared with other systems, even when the shortest polymerization time was tested in cell culture.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201300294 3701 downloads

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