Abstract Sisal (Agave sisalana) is a plant exploited in semi-arid regions of Brazil for fiber production, but the floral scape of sisal (peduncle) is collected and often burned, causing environmental problems, even through irregular disposal. To circumvent this scenario, the objective of this work was to produce reconstituted panels using the sisal arrow and castor-based polyurethane resin. The panels were obtained using 175 g of crushed sisal arrow core with dimensions smaller than 2 mm and adopting 10% castor-based polyurethane resin and The samples were pressed under tension of 2 MPa. The properties of reconstituted panel were evaluated through NBR 14810-1 (ABNT, 2013) and NBR 14810-2 (ABNT, 2018), the physical properties were investigated: moisture, density, thickness swelling and absorption; as well as mechanical properties: MOR, MOE, internal bond and parallel compression. The found results show that the panel is classified as low density (419.8 kg/m³), and with physical and mechanical properties similars to other panels of the same classification in the literature. For average values of MOR and MOE it was found 5.24 MPa and 147.49 MPa, respectively. For internal bonding it was found 0.14 MPa and for parallel compression properties it was found 1.14 MPa.

Resumo O sisal (Agave sisalana) é uma planta explorada nas regiões semiáridas do Brasil para produção de fibras, mas o escapo floral do sisal (flecha) é coletado e frequentemente queimado causando problemas ambientais, até mesmo pelo descarte irregular. Para contornar este cenário, o objetivo deste trabalho foi produzir painéis reconstituídos usando a flecha do sisal e resina poliuretana à base de mamona. Os painéis foram obtidos empregando 175 g do miolo da flecha de sisal triturada com dimensões inferiores a 2 mm e adotando 10% de resina poliuretana à base de mamona e as amostras foram prensadas com tensão de 2 MPa. Avaliou-se no painel reconstituído, através da NBR 14810-1 (ABNT, 2013) e NBR 14810-2 (ABNT, 2018) as propriedades físicas: umidade, densidade, inchamento e absorção; bem como as propriedades mecânicas: MOR, MOE, força de ligação e compressão paralela. Os resultados encontrados mostram que o painel é classificado como de baixa densidade (419,8 kg/m³), e de propriedades físicas e mecânicas semelhantes a outros painéis de mesma classificação da literatura. Para MOR e MOE foram encontrados 5,24 MPa e 147,49 MPa de média, respectivamente. Já os ensaios de tração perpendicular e compressão paralela obtiveram resultados de 0,14 MPa e 1,14 MPa, respectivamente.

Abstract The objective of the study was to evaluate the response of leaf area index and forage productivity of Lotus corniculatus clover genotypes with two different soil moisture contents under shade netting conditions. A randomized experimental block design in a split plot arrangement with three replicates was used. The large plots were soil moisture contents: optimum (OSMC: 26 % ± 1.5) and suboptimal (SSMC: 22 % ± 1.5); and the small plots were L. corniculatus accessions: 255301, 255305, 202700, 226792, and the bird’s-foot trefoil (Estanzuela Ganador) variety. The variables measured were leaf area index (LAI), dry matter biomass production (DM) (g plant-1), dry forage increase rate (DFIR) (g plant-1 d-1), and leaf-to-stem ratio (L/S), plus the climatic variables of temperature (°C) and relative moisture (%) in the shade net. Accession 255305 was the best responder in LAI, DM, and DFIR, with values of 3.2, 94.9 g plant-1, and 0.30 g plant-1 d-1, respectively, with OSMC; while the bird’s-foot trefoil had the best response in LAI with SSMC. There were no differences (P≤0.05) between the genetic materials evaluated in DM and DFIR, with average values of 82.4 g plant-1 and 0.26 g plant-1 d-1, respectively. Accessions 255301 and 226792 were the best L/S ratio with values of 2.9 and 2.5, respectively. In general, the best productive performance in terms of DM was obtained in spring, summer, and summer-autumn, with values of 17.5, 11.7, and 17.7 g plant-1, respectively.

Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la respuesta del índice de área foliar y productividad forrajera de genotipos del trébol Lotus corniculatus bajo dos contenidos de humedad del suelo en condiciones de malla-sombra. Se usó un diseño experimental de bloques al azar en arreglo de parcelas divididas con tres repeticiones. Las parcelas grandes fueron los contenidos de humedad en el suelo: óptimo (COHS: 26 % ± 1.5) y subóptimo (CSHS: 22 % ± 1.5); y las parcelas chicas las accesiones de L. corniculatus: 255301, 255305, 202700, 226792 y la variedad Estanzuela Ganador. Las variables medidas fueron el índice de área foliar (IAF), producción de biomasa en materia seca (MS) (g planta-1), tasa de incremento de forraje seco (TIFS) (g planta-1 dia-1) y relación hoja/tallo (H/T), más las variables climáticas de temperatura (°C) y humedad relativa (%) en la malla sombra. La accesión 255305 fue la de mejor respuesta en IAF, MS y TIFS, con valores de 3.2, 94.9 g planta-1 y 0.30 g planta-1 d-1, respectivamente, en COHS; en tanto que Estanzuela Ganador tuvo la mejor respuesta en IAF en CSHS. No hubo diferencias (P≤0.05) entre los materiales genéticos evaluados en MS y TIFS con valores promedios de 82.4 g planta-1 y de 0.26 g planta-1 día-1, respectivamente. Las accesiones 255301 y 226792 fueron las de mejor relación H/T con valores de 2.9 y 2.5, respectivamente. En general, el mejor comportamiento productivo en términos de MS se tuvo en primavera, verano, y verano-otoño con valores de 17.5, 11.7 y 17.7 g planta-1, respectivamente.

ABSTRACT Combining refrigeration with packaging is a commonly used technique for fruits intended for export. Thus, the objective of this study was to adapt the post-harvest management of biofortified sweet potato cultivars, using packaging and refrigeration, focused on reaching distant export markets while maintaining the commercial quality. Sweet potatoes of the cultivars BRS-Amélia and Beauregard were selected after harvesting, washed, and packaged. The experimental design used was completely randomized, in a 4 × 7 factorial arrangement consisted of 4 treatments (cultivar BRS-Amélia with and without packaging; and cultivar Beauregard with and without packaging) and 7 evaluations under storage conditions: at 0, 7, 14 (under refrigeration at approximately 8 °C), 17, 20, 23, and 26 days (under room temperature conditions at approximately 25 °C). Each experimental unit contained 500 g of tubbers. The results showed that the refrigerated storage combined with packaging extended the shelf life of the evaluated sweet potatoes: 17 days for BRS-Amélia and 26 days for the cultivar Beauregard. The BRS-Amélia cultivar maintained higher firmness, soluble solids and carbohydrate contents, chroma, and antioxidant activity (FRAP method), and total phenolic contents, in both raw and cooked tissues. The cultivar Beauregard presented less dehydration and greater stability in vitamin C, total phenolic, total carotenoid, soluble carbohydrate, and starch contents in raw and cooked potatoes. Therefore, the combination of packaging and refrigeration preserved the commercial quality of biofortified sweet potatoes for export markets.

RESUMO Combinar refrigeração com embalagem é uma técnica comumente utilizada para frutas destinadas à exportação. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi adequar o manejo pós-colheita de cultivares de batata-doce biofortificadas, utilizando embalagem e refrigeração, com foco em atingir mercados de exportação distantes e mantendo a qualidade comercial. As batatas-doces das cultivares BRS-Amélia e Beauregard foram selecionadas após a colheita, lavadas e embaladas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 4 × 7 composto por 4 tratamentos (cultivar BRS-Amélia com e sem embalagem; e cultivar Beauregard com e sem embalagem) e 7 avaliações nas condições de armazenamento: aos 0, 7, 14 (sob refrigeração a aproximadamente 8 °C), 17, 20, 23 e 26 dias (sob condições de temperatura ambiente a aproximadamente 25 °C). Cada unidade experimental continha 500 g de tubérculos. Os resultados mostraram que o armazenamento refrigerado aliado à embalagem prolongou a vida útil da batata-doce avaliada: 17 dias para BRS-Amélia e 26 dias para a cultivar Beauregard. A cultivar BRS-Amélia manteve maior firmeza, solúveis sólidos e teor de carboidratos, croma e atividade antioxidante (método FRAP) e teor de fenólicos totais, tanto nos tecidos crus quanto cozidos. A cultivar Beauregard apresentou menor desidratação e maior estabilidade nos teores de vitamina C, fenólicos totais, carotenóides totais, carboidratos solúveis e amido em batatas cruas e cozidas. Portanto, a combinação de embalagem e refrigeração preservou a qualidade comercial da batata-doce biofortificada para os mercados de exportação.

Abstract Epidendrum falcatum Lindl. is an endemic orchid of Mexico, with a discontinuous distribution in wild populations growing on limestone rocks. Anthropogenic activities and the demand of collectors have caused a decrease in the wild populations of this species. The objective of this work was to know the effect of two organic compounds on the in vitro propagation of E. falcatum. Seeds from an indehiscent capsule were grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium modified to 50% of macronutrients and added with 100, 200 and 300 mL L-1 and g L-1 of coconut water or banana pulp. The organic compounds promoted germination of E. falcatum; the highest germination percentage was obtained with 100% coconut water. The control presented a greater number of leaves. However, treatments containing plantain significantly (p ≤ 0.01) stimulated the differentiation of the root system and aerial structures. This study represents a successful biotechnological method of in vitro propagation to obtain specimens of E. falcatum and thus counteract the exploitation of wild populations.

Resumen Epidendrum falcatum Lindl. es una orquídea endémica de México, con una distribución discontinua en poblaciones silvestres que crecen sobre rocas calizas. Las actividades antropogénicas y la demanda de coleccionistas han provocado una disminución en las poblaciones silvestres de esta especie. El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer el efecto de dos compuestos orgánicos sobre la propagación in vitro de E. falcatum. Semillas provenientes de una cápsula indehiscente se cultivaron en medio Murashige y Skoog (MS) modificado a 50% de los macronutrientes y adicionado con 100, 200 y 300 mL L-1 y g L-1 de agua de coco o pulpa de plátano. Los compuestos orgánicos promovieron la germinación de E. falcatum; el mayor porcentaje de germinación se obtuvo con agua de coco a 100%. El control presentó mayor número de hojas. Sin embargo, los tratamientos que contenían plátano estimularon significativamente (p ≤ 0.05) la diferenciación del sistema radicular y de estructuras aéreas. Este estudio representa un método biotecnológico exitoso de propagación in vitro para la obtención de ejemplares de E. falcatum y así contrarrestar la explotación de las poblaciones silvestres.

ABSTRACT: This study recorded the physicochemical properties of the marula fruits, the biometry and breaking the dormancy in the marula seeds. Using 200 ripe fruits, the physicochemical characterization was done. From a random sample of 400 seeds, an assessment of the biometrics was performed, and the weight, length, width and thickness of the fruits and seeds were evaluated. Two experiments were conducted to study dormancy breaking using pre-germination treatments, which included immersing the marula seeds five times (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes) in concentrated sulfuric acid (96%) and water, at 65 ºC temperature. The control was time zero, using plain distilled water, with 25 seeds per treatment and four replications. The marula fruits revealed average values of 21.65 ± 3.44 g, 35.5 ± 2.38 and 34.8 ± 2.73, respectively, for weight, diameter and length. The soluble solids (SS), Hydrogenonic Potential (pH), titratable acidity (AT) and ratio (AT/SS) were 14.74 ± 1.0º Brix, 3.93 ± 0.49 pH, 0.63 ± 0.22 and 27.07 ± 12.10, respectively. For the weight of one thousand seeds, the average value was 3.576 ± 188.4 g. The mean values for the dimensions of the width, length and diameter of the seeds were 22.9 ± 2.11; 23.7 ± 2.04; and 14.9 ± 2.09 mm, respectively. The physiological quality of these seeds was enhanced by immersing the seeds from freshly picked fruits in sulfuric acid for a maximum of 30 minutes and storing them for six months.

RESUMO: Objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar as características físico-químicas de frutos, biometria e superação da dormência de sementes de marula. Para a caracterização físico-química foram utilizados 200 frutos maduros. Realizou-se a biometria utilizando uma amostra aleatória de 400 sementes e foram avaliados: peso, comprimento, largura e espessura de frutos e sementes. Para o estudo da superação de dormência foram realizados dois experimentos com os tratamentos pré-germinativos constituídos pela imersão das sementes em ácido sulfúrico concentrado (96%) e água a temperatura de 65 ºC por cinco tempos (0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 minutos), sendo o tempo zero a testemunha, onde utilizou-se apenas água destilada, com quatro repetições de 25 sementes por tratamento. Os frutos de marula apresentaram valores médios de 21,65 ± 3,44 g, 35,5±2,38 e 34,8±2,73 mm de peso, diâmetro e comprimento, respectivamente e sólidos solúveis (SS), Potencial Hidrogeniônico ( pH), acidez titulável (AT) e ratio (AT/SS) foram de 14,74 ± 1,0 ºBrix, 3,93 ± 0,49 pH, 0,63 ± 0,22 e 27,07 ± 12,10 respectivamente. As sementes apresentaram valores médios de 3.576 ± 188,4 g para o peso de mil sementes. Para as dimensões, largura, comprimento e diâmetro de sementes, apresentaram valores médios de 22,9 ± 2,11; 23,7 ± 2,04; e 14,9 ± 2,09 mm respectivamente. A imersão das sementes procedentes de frutos recém colhidos em ácido sulfúrico por até 30 minutos e o armazenamento por seismeses promove incrementos na sua qualidade fisiológica.

ABSTRACT Antiphospholipid syndrome is an acquired autoimmune disease characterized by hypercoagulability associated with recurrent venous and arterial thromboembolism in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. Herein, we report a case of rapid sequential retinal vein and artery occlusion as the first manifestation of a primary antiphospholipid syndrome triggered by an acute Mycoplasma infection in a previously healthy 11-year-old patient. On day 1, ophthalmoscopy revealed a central retinal vein occlusion. The patient developed temporal branch retinal artery occlusion the next day. On day 3, a central retinal artery occlusion was observed. Serum lupus anticoagulant, immunoglobulin (Ig) G anticardiolipin, IgG anti-β2-glycoprotein 1 antibody, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibody levels were increased. Thus, retinal vascular occlusions can be the first manifestation of primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Although it may not improve visual prognosis, prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to avoid further significant morbidity.

RESUMO A síndrome antifosfolipide é uma doença autoimune adquirida caracterizada por hipercoagulabilidade associada a tromboembolismo venoso e arterial recorrente na presença de anticorpos antifosfolipídicos. Aqui, relatamos um caso clínico de oclusão sequencial de veia e artéria da retina como primeira manifestação de uma síndrome antifosfolipíde primária desencadeada por uma infeção aguda por Mycoplasma num paciente de 11 anos previamente saudável. No primeiro dia, a oftalmoscopia revelou uma oclusão da veia central da retina. No dia seguinte, o paciente desenvolveu uma oclusão do ramo temporal da artéria central da retina. No terceiro dia, uma oclusão da artéria central da retina foi diagnosticada. Os níveis de anticoagulante lúpico sérico, anticorpos IgG anticardiolipina e IgG anti-β2-glicoproteína 1 e anticorpos IgM para Mycoplasma pneumoniae estavam aumentados. As oclusões vasculares retinianas podem ser a primeira manifestação da síndrome antifosfolipíde primária. Apesar do prognóstico visual ser reservado, o seu diagnóstico e o tratamento imediatos são essenciais para evitar outras morbilidades associadas.

ABSTRACT Root-knot nematodes cause a significant reduction in the productivity of the gilo due to physiological stress. Incorporating organic residue into the soil has a positive effect in reducing nematode infestation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of organic residue on the reproduction of Meloidogyne javanica and its role in the physiology of the gilo. One-litre pots, each containing one gilo seedling, were inoculated with 5000 eggs of M. javanica and the following treatments evaluated: 1) no inoculation and no residue (NIR); 2) NIR; 3) 12.5 g L-1 poultry manure; 4) 25 g L-1 cattle manure; 5) 20 g L-1 filter cake; 6) 5 g L-1 of the shoots of Tagetes patula; 7) 6.25 g L-1 of the shoots of Brassica oleracea var. capitata; 8) 20 mL L-1 vinasse and 9) 1 mL Abamectin-based commercial product (18 g L-1 a.i.). A randomised block design was used, with six repetitions. Gas exchange variables were evaluated 15, 30 and 45 days after inoculation with the nematode (DAI) and the vegetative and nematological variables at 60 DAI. The treatments that included cattle manure and filter cake afforded the best physiological rate and development in the gilo. The best results in controlling the nematode were given by the poultry manure, cattle manure and filter cake, reducing the reproduction of M. javanica by 41.76, 51.44 and 52.40%, respectively. Based on the results, poultry manure, cattle manure and filter cake are efficient in controlling M. javanica and show potential to be used in the integrated management of M. javanica in the gilo.

Abstract Background The use of the timed up and go (TUG) test to assess cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with heart disease has not been well defined in the literature. Objectives Test the association between TUG and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), construct an equation based on TUG to predict VO2peak, and determine a cutoff point to estimate VO2peak ≥ 20 mL/kg/min. Methods This cross-sectional study included 201 patients with coronary artery disease or heart failure, between 36 and 92 years of age, who underwent TUG and cardiopulmonary exercise test. Correlation, ROC curve, multiple linear regression, and Bland-Altman analyses were performed. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results The mean age of the total sample was 67 ± 13 years, and 70% of participants were male. The mean VO2peak was 17 ± 6 mL/kg/min, and the mean TUG time was 7 ± 2.5 seconds. The correlation between VO2peak and TUG was r = −0.54 (p < 0.001), and R2 was 0.30. The following equation was developed based on TUG: V O 2 peak = 33.553 + ( − 0.149 × age ) + ( − 0.738 × TUG ) + ( − 2.870 × sex ); a value of 0 was assigned to the male sex and 1 to the female sex (adjusted R: 0.41; adjusted R2: 0.40). The VO2peak estimated by the equation was 18.81 ± 3.2 mL/kg/min, and the VO2peak determined by cardiopulmonary exercise test was 18.18 ± 5.9 mL/kg/min (p > 0.05). The best cutoff point in the TUG for VO2peak ≥ 20 mL/kg/min was ≤ 5.47 seconds (area under the curve: 0.80; 95% confidence interval: 0.74 to 0.86). Conclusions TUG and VO2peak showed a significant association. A prediction equation for VO2peak was developed and validated internally with good performance. The cutoff point in the TUG to predict VO2peak ≥ 20 mL/kg/min was ≤ 5.47 seconds.

Resumo Fundamento A utilização do teste timed up and go (TUG) na avaliação da aptidão cardiorrespiratória em cardiopatas não está bem definida na literatura. Objetivos Testar a associação entre o TUG e o consumo de oxigênio de pico (VO2pico), construir uma equação com base no TUG para prever o VO2pico e determinar um ponto de corte para estimar um VO2pico ≥ 20 mL.kg−1.min−1. Métodos Estudo transversal com 201 indivíduos portadores de doença arterial coronariana ou insuficiência cardíaca, com idade entre 36 e 92 anos, submetidos ao TUG e ao teste cardiopulmonar de exercício. Foram realizadas análises de correlação, curva ROC, regressão linear múltipla e Bland-Altman. Um p < 0,05 foi adotado como significante. Resultados A média de idade da amostra total foi 67 ± 13 anos, e 70% dos participantes eram do sexo masculino. A média de VO2pico foi de 17 ± 6 mL.kg−1.min−1 e a média de desempenho no TUG foi de 7 ± 2,5 segundos. A correlação entre o VO2pico e o TUG foi r = −0,54 (p < 0,001) e R2 de 0,30. Foi desenvolvida a equação com base no TUG: V O 2 pico = 33 , 553 + ( − 0 , 149 ∗ idade ) + ( − 0 , 738 ∗ T U G ) + ( − 2 , 870 ∗ sexo ); sendo atribuído o valor 0 ao sexo masculino e 1 ao sexo feminino (R ajustado: 0,41; R2 ajustado: 0,40). O VO2pico estimado pela equação foi 18,81 ± 3,2 mL.kg−1.min−1 e o determinado pelo teste cardiopulmonar de exercício foi 18,18 ± 5,9 mL.kg−1.min−1 (p > 0,05). O melhor ponto de corte para o VO2pico ≥ 20 mL.kg−1.min−1 foi de ≤ 5,47 segundos (área sob a curva: 0,80; intervalo de confiança de 95%: 0,74 a 0,86). Conclusões O TUG e o VO2pico apresentaram associação significativa. A equação preditiva do VO2pico foi desenvolvida e validada internamente com bom desempenho. O ponto de corte no TUG para prever um VO2pico ≥ 20 mL.kg−1.min−1 foi ≤ 5,47 segundos.

Bio-oils from biomass pyrolysis have a highly promising potential as biofuels or sources of chemicals. The quantitative analysis of bio-oils is quite difficult and requires many standards. In this study, we developed a methodology using only 16 standards for determining the concentration of 49 compounds, representatives of the main chemical classes commons in bio-oils, using relative response factors (RRF) and analytical curves. Five Pinus sawdust bio-oils were analyzed using a GC-MS-DB-5 capillary column (60 m). SCAN mode (from 45 to 450 Daltons) and retention indices (LPTRI) were used for qualitative analysis. For quantitative analysis, SIM mode was preferred, and analytical curves were constructed from an initial solution at 400 mg g 1 of each of the 16 standards, with concentrations ranging from 1 to 150 mg g 1 added to the internal standard (methyl hexanoate) at 70 mg g 1. After the positive identification and quantification of 9 compounds (among the 16 standards used), the other compounds were quantified using the RRF obtained from a standard solution at 30 mg g 1, considering the similarities with those identified standards. 196 compounds were identified, while 49 compounds were quantified, highlighting the monoaromatic hydrocarbons, naphthalenes, benzofurans, alkyl phenols, and catechols.

ABSTRACT The use of brackish water in semi-arid regions is sometimes necessary, as water is the most limiting factor for agricultural production in these regions. The present study was conducted aiming to evaluate the production of bunches of Coriandrum sativum L., cultivar Tabocas, in hydroponic system plants exposed to nutrient solutions prepared with brackish water, obtained by mixing water from a community dam (electrical conductivity of 9.93 dS m-1) with rainwater. The treatments consisted of four values of electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution (1.49, 3.14, 4.87, and 6.44 dS m-1) and three seeding densities (1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g of seeds per cell), arranged in a completely randomized experimental design in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme, with three replicates. Plant height was not affected up to the electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution of 6.44 dS m-1 with increasing seeding density. The electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution up to 6.44 dS m-1 at the seeding density of 2.0 g of seed per cell did not affect the shoot fresh and dry mass of the hydroponic coriander, mitigating the deleterious effect of salinity on water use efficiency.

RESUMO O uso de água salobra em regiões semiáridas às vezes é necessário, pois a água é o fator mais limitante para a produção vegetal nessas regiões. O presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a produção de maços de Coriandrum sativum L., cultivar Tabocas, em plantas do sistema hidropônico expostas à soluções nutritivas preparadas com água salobra, obtidas por mistura de água de um açude comunitário (condutividade elétrica de 9.93 dS m-1) com água de chuva. Os tratamentos consistiram em quatro valores de condutividade elétrica da solução nutritiva (1,49, 3,14, 4,87 e 6,44 dS m-1) e três densidades de semeadura (1,0; 1,5 e 2,0 g de sementes por célula), dispostos no delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 × 3, com três repetições. Até à condutividade elétrica da solução nutritiva de 6,44 dS m-1 com o aumento da densidade de semeadura, a altura das plantas não foi afetada. Na densidade de semeadura de 2,0 g de semente por célula, a condutividade elétrica da solução nutritiva, até 6,44 dS m-1, não afetou a massa fresca e seca da parte aérea do coentro hidropônico, mitigando o efeito deletério da salinidade na eficiência do uso da água.

Resumo O presente ensaio tem o intuito de problematizar as iniquidades em saúde, a partir da análise da violência obstétrica direcionada às mulheres negras. Pressupomos que o racismo institucional é chave interpretativa importante para compreender a dinâmica de violências raciais. Adotamos como metodologia, para evidenciar o racismo enfrentado cotidianamente por mulheres negras nos serviços de saúde, a análise descritiva de duas reportagens publicadas no site do G1. Constatamos que o racismo é (re)produtor de negação de direitos, do não acesso aos serviços de saúde, da produção da morte e da não efetivação do Bem Viver para as famílias negras, e isso vem sendo colocado através da produção e reprodução do sofrimento, da violência e do racismo em suas mais diversas expressões. Nessa dinâmica, a efetivação da Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da população negra é mecanismo importante de enfrentamento ao racismo em saúde. saúde raciais metodologia G1 G reprodutor re produtor direitos sofrimento expressões

Abstract This essay debates health inequalities by analyzing obstetric violence directed at Black women. We assume that institutional racism is an important interpretive key to understanding the dynamics of racial violence. We adopted the descriptive analysis of two stories published on the G1 website as a methodology to highlight the racism faced daily by Black women in health services. We found that racism (re)produces the denial of rights, non-access to health services, production of death, and non-realization of Good Living for Black families, and this is evidenced by producing and reproducing suffering, violence, and racism in its most diverse expressions. In this dynamic, implementing the National Comprehensive Health Policy for the Black population is an important mechanism for confronting racism in health. G services reproduces re produces rights nonaccess non access death nonrealization realization families suffering expressions dynamic

ABSTRACT High-intensity interval training (HIIT) can induce oxidative stress. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 15 sessions of a HIIT protocol in Wistar rats on oxidative damage markers in different tissues (blood, muscle, liver and heart). Thus, animals weighing 250-300 g were used and randomly divided into 2 groups (n= 10): Control (CG) and animals submitted to HIIT (TG) through a swimming protocol. The results showed that HIIT increased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) in TG animals: serum (306.75%), gastrocnemius muscle (259.2%), liver (452.6%) and heart (215%), while the concentration of sulfhydryl groups decreased: serum (40%), gastrocnemius muscle (44.7%), liver (44.6%) and heart (47.2%). Thus, it could be concluded that 15 HIIT sessions altered the redox state of Wistar rats due to increased oxidative damage markers in the analysed tissues.

ABSTRACT Some native species of the Cerrado have great ecological and economic potential. An alternative that aims to contribute to the good performance of post-planting plants is the incorporation of biochar into the soil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of filter cake biochar as a soil conditioner and its influence on the growth and physiology of macaúba, araçá and cajuzinho do cerrado. The experiments were set up at Fazenda Hamilton de Abreu Navarro, Federal University of Minas Gerais, where the effect of four doses of filter cake biochar (1%, 2%, 4% and 8% v/v) and two treatments were evaluated. control: one with soil correction (7.5 g of GEOX) and mineral fertilization (380 g NPK 4:14:8 per plant) and the other without fertilization. To monitor the performance of the seedlings, evaluations were carried out at 30, 60 and 120 days after transplanting, the physiological parameters (photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, CO2 consumed, internal carbon and electron transport rate), and morphological parameters (height and diameter), at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after transplanting. At 120 days, the production of shoot, root and total dry biomass was evaluated. For macaúba, the application of biochar, at a dose of 2%, favored its photosynthesis. As for araçá, at 30 days after transplanting, the treatment without fertilization was better for most variables, however the treatments with biochar also had satisfactory results. The cajuzinho from the cerrado also responded positively to the application of biochar at all doses. The physiological and morphological variables responded well to treatments without fertilization and with application of biochar to the soil. Therefore, filter cake biochar can be indicated in the planting of the studied species, as well as the non-application of corrective and mineral fertilizer.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do biochar de torta de filtro como condicionador de solo e sua influência no crescimento e na fisiologia de macaúba, araçá e cajuzinho do cerrado. Os experimentos foram montados na Fazenda Hamilton de Abreu Navarro da UFMG, onde foram avaliados o efeito de quatro doses de biochar de torta de filtro (1%, 2%, 4% e 8% v/v) e dois tratamentos controle: um com correção do solo e adubação mineral, e o outro sem adubação. Para acompanhar o desempenho das mudas, foram realizadas avaliações aos 30, 60 e 120 dias após o transplantio, dos parâmetros fisiológicos (fotossíntese, transpiração, condutância estomática, CO2 consumido, carbono interno e taxa de transporte de elétrons), e morfológicos (altura e diâmetro), aos 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias após o transplantio. Aos 120 dias, avaliou-se a produção de biomassa seca da parte aérea, de raízes e total. Para a macaúba, a aplicação de biochar, na dose de 2%, favoreceu a sua fotossíntese. Já para o araçá, aos 30 dias após o transplantio, o tratamento sem adubação foi melhor para a maioria das variáveis, entretanto os tratamentos com biochar também tiveram resultados satisfatórios. O cajuzinho do cerrado também respondeu positivamente à aplicação de biochar em todas as doses. As variáveis fisiológicas e morfológicas responderam bem aos tratamentos sem adubação e com aplicação de biochar ao solo. Portanto, o biochar de torta de filtro pode ser indicado no plantio das espécies estudadas, assim como a não aplicação de corretivo e fertilizante mineral.

Resumen El objetivo fue evaluar la calidad del henolaje del pasto Tanzania (Panicum maximum) con diferentes contenidos de materia seca y un almacenamiento de 90 días, a través de la composición química, cuantificación de gases, ácidos grasos volátiles, perfil microbiológico, estabilidad aeróbica, pH y nitrógeno amoniacal. El diseño experimental utilizado fue completamente al azar con cuatro tratamientos y cinco repeticiones. Los tratamientos consistían de cuatro contenidos de materia seca (MS) de la planta en el momento de la producción del henolaje del pasto Tanzania siendo: en materia fresca (sin deshidratación), 400, 500 y 600 g kg-1 de MS (deshidratados en pleno sol). El tratamiento con 600 g kg-1 de MS de la planta proporcionó la mayor estimación (p < 0,01) de MS en el henolaje con 581,6 ± 15,4 g/kg, y el mayor (p < 0,01) contenido de carbohidratos solubles con 45,4 ± 1,24 g/kg MS. Después de 90 días de almace namiento, el tratamiento en materia fresca presentó mayores (p < 0,01) cantidades de O2 en el interior de los fardos. En relación al CO2 los mayores índices fueron observados para los tratamientos con 500 y 600 g kg-1 de MS. También se observó el mayor (p < 0,01) contenido de ácido acético en los tratamientos materia fresca y con 500 y 600 g kg-1 de MS de la planta, con 36,4 ± 1,6, 38,2 ± 1,6 y 48,9 ± 1,6 g kg-1 de MS, respectivamente. Para el ácido butírico se obtuvo la mejor (p < 0,01) valoración de 27,0 ± 0,5 g kg-1 de MS en el tratamiento en materia fresca. El tratamiento con 600 g kg-1 de MS mostró mayor (p < 0,01) valor de pH en la hora cero con 6,36 ± 0,03. El tratamiento en materia fresca presentó mayor valor de N-NH3 en la hora cero de exposición al aire con 4,65 ± 0,12. El pasto Tanzania con 500 y 600 g kg-1 de MS, presenta el henolaje de mejor calidad.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the quality of Tanzania grass (Panicum maximum) haylage with varying contents of dry matter (DM) and stored for 90 days. The quality of this grass was evaluated through the lens of a variety of physiochemical properties (e.g., chemical composition, aerobic stability, pH, microbial profile, etc.). A completely randomized design was used with four treatments (in natura, 400, 500, and 600 g kg-1 DM) and five replicates. Treatment with 600 g kg-1 DM yielded the highest DM haylage (p < 0.01) and soluble carbohydrate content (p < 0.01). Treatment in natura resulted in the highest O2 concentration inside the bales (p < 0.01), whereas treatments with 500 and 600 g kg-1 DM resulted in the highest CO2 values. The highest acetic acid concentrations of 36.4 ± 1.6, 38.2±1.6, and 48.9 ± 1.6 g kg-1 DM (p < 0.01) were observed post the in natura, 500 g kg-1 DM, and 600 g kg-1 DM treatments, respectively. Treatment with 600 g kg-1 DM yielded the highest pH value at hour zero (p < 0.01). Tanzania grass with 500 and 600 g kg-1 DM produced the highest quality haylage.

Resumen La introducción de la vacuna contra Haemophilus influenzae tipo b (Hib) en el Programa Nacional de Inmunización de Argentina en 1998 produjo una drástica disminución de la incidencia de enfermedad invasiva causada por este serotipo. En el Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia se estudiaron 1405 aislamientos de H. influenzae causantes de enfermedad invasiva recibidos en el período 2011-2019. H. influenzae no capsulado fue el más frecuente (44,5%), seguido por los tipos b (41,1%) y a (10,0%). Se observó un aumento significativo de la proporción del tipo b, de 31,2% en 2011 a 50% en 2015, que se correlacionó con un pico de incidencia en ese mismo año. Hacia 2019, descendió a 33,6%. Con el objetivo de evaluar los clones circulantes durante el incremento de la proporción de Hib y comparar con el período prevacunal-transición, se determinó la relación genética de una selección de aislamientos de los períodos 1997-1998 y 2011-2015. El análisis por PFGE mostró 4 pulsotipos predominantes en los 2 períodos, G, M, P y K, y el pulsotipo G fue mayoritario en ambos períodos. Por MLST se demostró que los 4 pulsotipos pertenecieron al ST6 o sus variantes (simple o doble locus). Entre los aislamientos de pacientes con vacunación completa no se hallaron clones diferentes respecto del resto de la población. Se postula que las coberturas de vacunación no satisfactorias en las dosis de refuerzo, los esquemas atrasados y el uso de diferentes vacunas pudieron haber contribuido a la reemergencia de Hib.

Abstract The incorporation of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine into the Argentine National Immunization Program in 1998 resulted in a dramatic decrease in the incidence of invasive disease due to this serotype. We assessed 1405 H. influenzae (Hi) isolates causing invasive infections referred to the National Reference Laboratory between 2011 and 2019. Non-encapsulated Hi were the most common strains (44.5%), followed by types b (41.1%) and a (10.0%). Significant increase in the proportion of type b was observed, from 31.2% in 2011, to 50% in 2015, correlating with the peak incidence rate, later decreasing to 33.6% by 2019. We compared the genetic relationship between clones circulating during the period of increased Hib incidence (2011-2015) and those of the prevaccination-transition period (1997-1998). Four pulsotypes predominated in both periods, G, M, P and K, G being the most common. Multilocus sequence typing revealed that the 4 pulsotypes belonged to ST6, or one of its simple or double locus variants. Isolates from fully vaccinated individuals did not differ from those of the rest of the population studied. After ruling out aspects associated with emergence of specific clones, we concluded that factors such as low booster coverage rates, delayed vaccination schedules and use of different vaccines may have contributed to the reemergence of Hib infections.