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Elephant grass silage inoculated with cellulolytic fungi isolated from rumen
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Veloso, A.C.R.

; Lopes, H.F.

; Santos, L.F.X.

; Martins Júnior, V.S.

; Fonseca, S.A.

; Santos, T.A.X.

; Matias, A.D.

; Careli, R.T.

; Duarte, E.R.

; Braz, T.G.S.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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oct 2023, Volume 75 N. 5 Pages 981 - 992

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the inoculation with Aspergillus terreus and/or Trichoderma longibrachiatum on fermentation, chemical and microbiological composition of elephant grass ‘Cameroon’ silage (Cenchrus purpureus). Treatments were A. terreus at 105 colony forming units (CFU)/g (AT15), T. longibrachiatum at 105 CFU/g (TL20), a mixture of both at 105 CFU/g (MIX), and a control group without inoculation (CONTR). The design was completely randomized with seven replicates. The MIX silage was most stable, while CONTR, AT15, and TL20, had lower dry matter losses. There was no effect of inoculation in the chemical composition of silages. Only MIX silage (4.40) had pH above the minimum of 4.2 for humid grass silage and above the control (4.05). Bacteria from Diplococcus genus was identified at the opening of TL20 and CONTR silages. After air exposure, the population of rods, Lactobacillus, and total lactic acid bacteria was higher in theTL20 and MIX. The inclusion of a T. longibrachiatum and A. terreus mixture increases dry mater loss and silage pH. T. longibrachiatum was more efficient in maintaining populations of total lactic acid bacteria after opening; therefore, this strain has potential as an additive for elephant grass ‘Cameroon’ silage.

RESUMO O objetivo foi testar a inoculação com Aspergillus terreus e Trichoderma longibrachiatum sobre a fermentação, a composição bromatológica e microbiológica de silagem de capim-elefante cultivar ‘Cameroon’ (Cenchrus purpureus). Os tratamentos foram A. terreus a 105 unidades formadores de colônias (UFC)/g (AT15), T. longibrachiatum a 105 UFC/g (TL20), a mistura de ambos a 105 UFC/g (MIX), cada, e um controle não inoculado (CONTR). O delineamento foi inteiramente ao acaso, com sete repetições. A silagem MIX foi mais estável após abertura, enquanto CONTR, AT15 e TL20 apresentaram menor perda de massa seca. Não houve efeito de inoculação sobre a composição bromatológica das silagens. Apenas a silagem MIX (4,40) apresentou pH acima do mínimo de 4,2 para silagem de capim úmido e superior ao controle (4,05). Bactérias do gênero Diplococcus foram identificadas na abertura das silagens TL20 e CONTR. Após exposição ao ar, a população de bastonetes, Lactobacillus e bactérias láticas totais foram maiores em TL20 e MIX. A mistura de T. longibrachiatum e A. terreus aumenta a perda de matéria seca e o pH da silagem. T. longibrachiatum é mais eficiente em manter as populações de bactérias láticas totais após a abertura. Portanto, essa cepa tem potencial como aditivo para silagem de capim-elefante ‘Cameroon’.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12984

Isolation and molecular identification of Mycobacterium bovis in tissue lesions of cattle slaughtered in slaughterhouses located in the State of Ceará
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Amorim, J.Q.

; Santos, B.R.

; Fehlberg, H.F.

; Silva, A.V.

; Ferreira, F.F.

; Costa, J.N.

; Alzamora Filho, F.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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mar 2022, Volume 74 N. 2 Pages 338 - 344

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo do trabalho foi pesquisar Mycobacterium bovis em lesões sugestivas de tuberculose nas carcaças de bovinos no estado do Ceará, por meio dos testes de diagnóstico bacteriológico e molecular. Entre agosto de 2017 e janeiro de 2019, o Serviço de Inspeção Estadual (SIE) inspecionou 59.512 bovinos; destes, 7,4% (44/59.512) apesentaram lesões sugestivas. Desses animais foram enviadas 68 amostras, das quais 4,5% (31/68) estavam localizadas no pulmão, 2,9% (20/68) nos linfonodos, 2,0% (14/68) no fígado e 0,4% (3/68) na carcaça. Ao realizar o isolamento bacteriológico, 15,9% (7/44) dos bovinos evidenciaram crescimento de colônias nas amostras. Os esfregaços dos isolados foram submetidos à coloração de Zielh-Neelsen e todos eles confirmaram bacilo álcool-ácido resistente. A reação em cadeia da polimerase identificou todos os isolados, 100% (7/7), como M. bovis. A associação das técnicas de diagnóstico permitiu identificar a presença do agente no estado, e a análise molecular demonstrou ser uma técnica benéfica no monitoramento da tuberculose bovina, podendo ser utilizada como um método auxiliar no programa de controle e erradicação da tuberculose bovina no estado do Ceará.

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to identify Mycobacterium bovis in lesions suggestive of tuberculosis in bovine carcasses in the State of Ceará, by means of bacteriological and molecular diagnostic tests. Between August 2017 and January 2019, the State inspection service (SIE) inspected 59,512 cattle, of which 7.4% (44 / 59,512) presented suggestive lesions. Of these animals, 68 samples were sent, of which 4.5% (31/68) located in the lung, 2.9% (20/68) in lymph nodes, 2.0% (14/68) in the liver, and 0.4% in the carcass (3/68). When performing bacteriological isolation, 15.9% (7/44) of bovines showed colony growth in the samples. The smears of the isolates were submitted to Zielh-Neelsen staining and all confirmed acid-fast bacilli. The polymerase chain reaction identified all isolates 100% (7/7) as M. bovis. The association of diagnostic techniques allowed to identify the presence of the agent in the State and the molecular analysis proved to be a beneficial technique in the monitoring of bovine tuberculosis and can be used as an auxiliary method in the bovine tuberculosis control and eradication program in the State of Ceará.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12394

Effect of cypermethrin on the control of lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus) and broiler performance
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Souza, Christian J.D.

; Barbosa, Fabiele M.O.

; Marujo, Maíra M. Puzotti

; Santos, Elaine Talita

; Domingues, Carla H.F.

; Oliveira, Daiana

; Sgavioli, Sarah

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2021, Volume 41 elocation e06859

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Este estudo analisou a eficácia do uso de diferentes níveis de um produto à base de cipermetrina a 6% e citronela a 2%, na produção de frangos de corte e no controle do cascudinho (Alphitobius diaperinus). Um total de 648 pintos de um dia de idade (Cobb®) foram distribuídos em três câmaras com os tratamentos (sem aplicação do produto comercial - controle, e duas concentrações do produto comercial - 2,00 e 3,33g/m2) em oito repetições com 27 aves cada. O produto comercial a base de cipermetrina foi aplicado nas câmaras com um atomizador. A população de cascudinho foi amostrada semanalmente (1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias do experimento) usando armadilhas, em três pontos (frente, meio e fundo) de cada parcela. Foram avaliados o desempenho, rendimentos de carcaça e cortes. Aos 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias do experimento, o número de adultos e larvas de cascudinho foi menor nos grupos de tratamento envolvendo 2,00 e 3,33g/m2 do produto quando comparado ao grupo controle. No primeiro e no 14º dia do estudo, o número de cascudinhos adultos foi menor no grupo tratado com 3,33g/m2 do produto em comparação ao grupo controle, embora os resultados não tenham diferido estatisticamente daqueles obtidos com 2,00g/m2 do produto. A conversão alimentar de 1 a 21 dias de idade foi significativa, com os melhores resultados para essa variável quando aplicado 3,33g do produto por metro quadrado e no tratamento controle. Em conclusão, a aplicação do produto comercial em ambas as concentrações (2,00 e 3,33g/m2) foi eficaz no combate a adultos e larvas de Alphitobius diaperinus e, não influenciou o desempenho.

ABSTRACT: This study analysed the effectiveness of using different levels of a product based on 6% cypermethrin and 2% citronella on broiler production and control the lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus). A total of 648 one-day-old chicks (Cobb®) which were allocated to one of three treatments (no application of the commercial product - control, and two concentrations of the product 2.00 and 3.33g/m2) in eight replicates with 27 birds each. The commercial product, which was based on cypermethrin was applied in the chambers with an atomizer. The lesser mealworm population was sampled weekly (1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of the experiment) using traps, at three points (front, middle and back) inside the pen. The performance, carcass and cut yields were evaluated. At 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of the experiment, the number of lesser mealworm adults and larvae was lower in the treatment groups involving 2.00 and 3.33g/m2 of the product than in the control group. On the first and 14th days of the study, the number of lesser mealworms adults was lower in the group treated with 3.33g/m2 of the product compared to the control group, although the results did not differ statistically from those obtained with 2.00g/m2 of the product. In conclusion, the application of the commercial product at both concentrations (2.00 and 3.33g/m2) was effective in combating Alphitobius diaperinus adults and larvae, and the performance was not influenced by treatments.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6859 34 downloads

Meloxicam associado ou não ao tramadol no controle da dor após ovário-histerectomia videoassistida em cadelas
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Oliveira, M.T.

; França, R.T.

; Feranti, J.P.S.

; Coutinho Júnior, A.S.

; Soares, A.V.

; Santos, F.R. B.

; Corrêa, L.F.D.

; Hartmann, H.F.

; Pinto Filho, S.T.L.

; Chaves, R.O.

; Pohl, V.H.

; Brun, M.V.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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feb 2016, Volume 68 N. 1 Pages 10 - 16

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia do meloxicam associado ou não ao tramadol, no controle da dor após ovário-histerectomia (OVH) laparoscópica com dois portais. Foram selecionadas 14 cadelas hígidas. Os animais foram separados de forma aleatória, em dois grupos. O grupo M (GM) recebeu meloxicam (0,2mg kg-1, s.i.d.), enquanto os animais do grupo MT (GMT) receberam a associação de meloxicam (0,2mg kg-1, s.i.d.) e tramadol (4mg kg-1, t.i.d.), ambos durante dois dias de pós-operatório. Para avaliação da dor pós-cirúrgica, foram utilizadas as escalas de Melbourne e escala visual analógica (EVA), além de mensurações de glicemia e cortisol sérico. Não houve diferença ao se avaliarem os grupos GM e GMT pela escala de Melbourne nem pela EVA. As mensurações de cortisol não atingiram valores superiores aos de referência para a espécie, enquanto os valores de glicemia não apresentaram variação significativa ao longo do tempo de avaliação nem entre grupos. Com os resultados deste estudo, foi possível concluir que a utilização de meloxicam associado ou não ao tramadol, nas doses e posologias propostas, é eficaz para controlar a dor pós-operatória de cadelas submetidas à OVH laparoscópica com dois portais.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of meloxicam with or without tramadol for pain control after laparoscopic-assisted ovariohysterectomy (OVH) by two-portal access. Were selected 14 healthy dogs to perform video-assisted OVHs. The animals were divided randomly into two groups (GM and GMT). The GM group received meloxicam (0.2mg kg-1, s.i.d), whereas the GMT group received the combination of meloxicam (0.2mg kg-1, s.i.d) and tramadol (4mg kg-1, tid), both for two days after surgery. To evaluate the post-surgical pain Melbourne and EVA scales were used, and blood glucose and serum cortisol were measured. There was no statistical difference when evaluating GM and GMT groups and the Melbourne scale or the visual analogue scale VAS. Cortisol measurements did not reach values higher than the reference for the species, while blood glucose levels did not present significant statistical variation throughout the evaluation time or between groups. With these results, we concluded that the use of meloxicam with or without the tramadol at the doses and dosage schedules proposed, is effective to control postoperative pain in bitches that had undergone video-assisted OVH with two-portal access.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-8299 5853 downloads

Efficient assembly of full-length infectious clone of Brazilian IBDV isolate by homologous recombination in yeast
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Silva Jr., J.V.J.

; Arenhart, S.

; Santos, H.F.

; Almeida-Queiroz, S.R.

; Silva, A.N.M.R.

; Trevisol, I.M.

; Bertani, G.R.

; Gil, L.H.V.G.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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dec 2014, Volume 45 N. 4 Pages 1555 - 1563

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) causes immunosuppression in young chickens. Advances in molecular virology and vaccines for IBDV have been achieved by viral reverse genetics (VRG). VRG for IBDV has undergone changes over time, however all strategies used to generate particles of IBDV involves multiple rounds of amplification and need of in vitro ligation and restriction sites. The aim of this research was to build the world's first VRG for IBDV by yeast-based homologous recombination; a more efficient, robust and simple process than cloning by in vitro ligation. The wild type IBDV (Wt-IBDV-Br) was isolated in Brazil and had its genome cloned in pJG-CMV-HDR vector by yeast-based homologous recombination. The clones were transfected into chicken embryo fibroblasts and the recovered virus (IC-IBDV-Br) showed genetic stability and similar phenotype to Wt-IBDV-Br, which were observed by nucleotide sequence, focus size/morphology and replication kinetics, respectively. Thus, IBDV reverse genetics by yeast-based homologous recombination provides tools to IBDV understanding and vaccines/viral vectors development.

1181 downloads

Standardization of metachromatic staining method of myofibrillar ATPase activity of myosin to skeletal striated muscle of mules and donkeys
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D'Angelis, Flora H.F.

; Ferraz, Guilherme C.

; Santos, Elis B.

; Steque, Matheus F.L.

; Feringer-Junior, Walter H.

; Queiroz-Neto, Antonio

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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sep 2014, Volume 34 N. 9 Pages 917 - 922

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O presente estudo objetivou padronizar o pH e a temperatura da pré-incubação e incubação do método de coloração metacromática de myofibrillar atividade ATPase da miosina (mATPase) utilizada para asininos e muares. Vinte e quatro jumentos e 10 muares, sete machos e três fêmeas, foram usados no estudo. De cada animal, fragmentos do músculo Gluteus medius foram coletados e biópsia muscular percutânea foi realizada por meio de uma agulha Bergström tipo de 6,0 mm. Em adição ao método de coloração metacromática de mATPase, a técnica de nicotinamida adenina dinucleótido tetrazólio redutase (NADH-TR) foi também realizada para confirmar os dados histoquímicos. O resultado histoquímico da mATPase por pré-incubação ácida (pH=4,50) e incubação alcalina (pH=10,50), a uma temperatura de 37ºC, foi o que proporcionou a melhor diferenciação das fibras coradas com azul de toluidina. As fibras musculares foram identificadas de acordo com as seguintes cores: tipo I (oxidativa, azul claro), tipo IIA (oxidativo-glicolítico, azul intermediário) e tipo IIX (glycolytic, azul escuro). Na literatura, não foram encontradas publicações pertinentes à caracterização e distribuição dos diferentes tipos de fibras musculares utilizadas pelos asininos e muares nos trabalhos de tração, no transporte de cargas, em provas esportivas de resistência (cavalgadas) e concursos de marcha. Dessa forma, essa pesquisa é o primeiro relato sobre padronização da técnica de mATPase para muares e asininos.

This study aims at standardizing the pre-incubation and incubation pH and temperature used in the metachromatic staining method of myofibrillar ATPase activity of myosin (mATPase) used for asses and mules. Twenty four donkeys and 10 mules, seven females and three males, were used in the study. From each animal, fragments from the Gluteus medius muscle were collected and percutaneous muscle biopsy was performed using a 6.0-mm Bergström-type needle. In addition to the metachromatic staining method of mATPase, the technique of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide tetrazolium reductase (NADH-TR) was also performed to confirm the histochemical data. The histochemical result of mATPase for acidic pre-incubation (pH=4.50) and alkaline incubation (pH=10.50), at a temperature of 37ºC, yielded the best differentiation of fibers stained with toluidine blue. Muscle fibers were identified according to the following colors: type I (oxidative, light blue), type IIA (oxidative-glycolytic, intermediate blue) and type IIX (glycolytic, dark blue). There are no reports in the literature regarding the characterization and distribution of different types of muscle fibers used by donkeys and mules when performing traction work, cargo transportation, endurance sports (horseback riding) and marching competitions. Therefore, this study is the first report on the standardization of the mATPase technique for donkeys and mules.

4378 downloads

Tank bromeliad water: similar or distinct environments for research of bacterial bioactives?
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Carmo, F.L.

; Santos, H.F.

; Peixoto, R.S.

; Rosado, A.S.

; Araujo, F.V.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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2014, Volume 45 N. 1 Pages 185 - 192

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The Atlantic Rainforest does not have a uniform physiognomy, its relief determines different environmental conditions that define the composition of its flora and fauna. Within this ecosystem, bromeliads that form tanks with their leaves hold water reservoirs throughout the year, maintaining complex food chains, based mainly on autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria. Some works concluded that the water held by tank bromeliads concentrate the microbial diversity of their ecosystem. To investigate the bacterial diversity and the potential biotechnology of these ecosystems, tank bromeliads of the Neoregelia cruenta species from the Atlantic Rainforest in Brazil were used as models for this research. Bacteria isolated from these models were tested for production of bioactive compounds. DGGE of the water held by tank bromeliads was performed in different seasons, locations and sun exposure to verify whether these environmental factors affect bacterial communities. The DGGE bands profile showed no grouping of bacterial community by the environmental factors tested. Most of the isolates demonstrated promising activities in the tests performed. Collectively, these results suggest that tank bromeliads of the N. cruenta species provide important habitats for a diverse microbial community, suggesting that each tank forms a distinct micro-habitat. These tanks can be considered excellent sources for the search for new enzymes and/or new bioactive composites of microbial origin.

1901 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

Genetic algorithm and variational method to identify initial conditions: worked example in hyperbolic heat transfer
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Santos, L.B.L.

; Chiwiacowsky, L.D.

; Campos-Velho, H.F.

TEMA (São Carlos)

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aug 2013, Volume 14 N. 2 Pages 265 - 276

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A identificação de condição inicial a partir de medidas de um dado período de tempo e um problema inverso difícil e pode ser aplicado para avaliar a robustez de estratégias de inversão. Questões científicas relevantes estão relacionadas ao contexto de estimar condições iniciais: cosmologia e assimilação de dados são dois bons exemplos. Dois métodos distintos são empregados para identificar condições iniciais para equações parabólicas e hiperbólicas. O processo de transferência de calor foi selecionado em nossos testes. A inversão mostrou-se mais difícil para o caso hiperbólico. Ambos os métodos de inversão foram efetivos: as diferenças numéricas entre as soluções inversas não foram significativas, embora o método variacional tenha produzido soluções inversas mais suaves. A inversão com o método variacional apresentou menor tempo de processamento.

The identification of initial condition from measurements at a given time is a hard inverse problem, and it can be applied to evaluate the robustness of inversion strategies. Relevant scientific issues are related with estimation of initial condition: cosmology and data assimilation are good examples. Two different inversion methods are employed to identify initial condition for parabolic and hyperbolic differential equations: Genetic Algorithm and Variational Method. The heat transfer process was selected to be used in our tests. A harder inversion is verified on hyperbolic case. Both inverse methods were effective: the numerical difference between the inverse solution was not significant, although the variational method presented a smoother inversion. The inversion obtained with the variational method presented lower processing time.

1315 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

Comparison of different protocols for the extraction of microbial DNA from reef corals
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Santos, H.F.

; Carmo, F.L.

; Leite, D.C.A.

; Jesus, H.E.

; De Carvalho Maalouf, P.

; Almeida, C.

; Soriano, A.U.

; Altomari, D.

; Suhett, L.

; Vólaro, V.

; Valoni, E.

; Francisco, M.

; Vieira, J.

; Rocha, R.

; Sardinha, B.L.

; Mendes, L.B.

; João, R.R.

; Lacava, B.

; Jesus, R.F.

; Sebastian, G.V.

; Pessoa, A.

; van Elsas, J.D.

; Rezende, R.P.

; Pires, D.O.

; Duarte, G.

; Castro, C.B.

; Rosado, A.S.

; Peixoto, R.S.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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jun 2012, Volume 43 N. 2 Pages 517 - 527

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This study aimed to test different protocols for the extraction of microbial DNA from the coral Mussismilia harttii. Four different commercial kits were tested, three of them based on methods for DNA extraction from soil (FastDNA SPIN Kit for soil, MP Bio, PowerSoil DNA Isolation Kit, MoBio, and ZR Soil Microbe DNA Kit, Zymo Research) and one kit for DNA extraction from plants (UltraClean Plant DNA Isolation Kit, MoBio). Five polyps of the same colony of M. harttii were macerated and aliquots were submitted to DNA extraction by the different kits. After extraction, the DNA was quantified and PCR-DGGE was used to study the molecular fingerprint of Bacteria and Eukarya. Among the four kits tested, the ZR Soil Microbe DNA Kit was the most efficient with respect to the amount of DNA extracted, yielding about three times more DNA than the other kits. Also, we observed a higher number and intensities of DGGE bands for both Bacteria and Eukarya with the same kit. Considering these results, we suggested that the ZR Soil Microbe DNA Kit is the best adapted for the study of the microbial communities of corals.

24569 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

10.

Análise de robustez do método híbrido de estimação de dano estrutural
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Santos, L.B.L.

; Campos-Velho, H.F. de

; Chiwiacowsky, L.D.

TEMA (São Carlos)

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dec 2011, Volume 12 N. 3 Pages 245 - 252

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Uma análise de robustez de um novo método (método híbrido: algoritmo genético associado a um método de gradiente conjugado) para estimação de dano em estruturas é apresentada. Os testes são realizados na detecção de danos em uma barra, discretizada em elementos finitos.

A robustness analysis of a new method (hybrid method: genetic algorithm associated with a conjugated gradient method) to estimate structural damage is presented. The tests are performed to detect damage in a beam, discretized in finite elements.

https://doi.org/10.5540/tema.2011.012.03.0245 2101 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

11.

O conhecimento tático declarativo e processual em jogadores de futebol de diferentes escalões
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Giacomini, D.S.

; Soares, V.O.

; Santos, H.F.

; Matias, C.J.

; Greco, P.J.

Motricidade

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2011, Volume 7 N. 1 Pages 43 - 53

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A qualidade na prestação esportiva, nos jogos esportivos coletivos, relaciona-se com as capacidades cognitivas, especificamente com o conhecimento. Esse estudo verificou a associação entre o conhecimento tático processual convergente e divergente, assim como as associações entre o conhecimento tático processual e declarativo. Participaram do estudo 221 jogadores de futebol de campo, do sexo masculino, do escalão sub-14, sub-15 e sub-17. O conhecimento tático processual foi avaliado através da aplicação do teste KORA-OO no parâmetro “oferecer-se” e “orientar-se”. O conhecimento tático declarativo foi avaliado através de cenas-situação do futebol. Os resultados indicaram uma alta associação entre o conhecimento tático processual, convergente e divergente, geral e especifico por escalão, além de uma baixa associação entre o conhecimento tático declarativo e processual (convergente e divergente). Esses dados suportam a idéia de que os conhecimentos progridem serialmente do declarativo ao processual.

The quality of the performance on collective games is related to cognitive capacities, specifically to knowledge. This study verified the association between convergent and divergent procedural tactical knowledge as well as the association between declarative and procedural tactical knowledge. Participated in this study 221 male soccer players of U-14, U-15 and U-17 categories. The procedural tactical knowledge was assessed by KORA-OO on the parameters “offer yourself” and "self-orientation”. The declarative tactical knowledge was assessed by soccer videos. Results revealed a clear association between convergent and divergent procedural tactical knowledge in general and per category and a low association between procedural (convergent and divergent) and declarative tactical knowledge. These data support the idea that knowledge progresses from declarative to procedural.

2960 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

12.

The prima donna of epigenetics: the regulation of gene expression by DNA methylation
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Santos, K.F.

; Mazzola, T.N.

; Carvalho, H.F.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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oct 2005, Volume 38 N. 10 Pages 1531 - 1541

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This review focuses on the mechanisms of DNA methylation, DNA methylation pattern formation and their involvement in gene regulation. Association of DNA methylation with imprinting, embryonic development and human diseases is discussed. Furthermore, besides considering changes in DNA methylation as mechanisms of disease, the role of epigenetics in general and DNA methylation in particular in transgenerational carcinogenesis, in memory formation and behavior establishment are brought about as mechanisms based on the cellular memory of gene expression patterns.

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13.

Quimioprofilaxia da doença de Chagas: bloqueio da transmissão transfusional por produtos naturais
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Sarti, S.J.

; Silva, J.S.

; Santos Filho, D.

; Santos, R. Ribero Dos

; Rossi, M.A.

; Bastos, J.K.

; Leitão Filho, H.F.

; Abreu, H.F.

; Gaspar, M.E.

; Lopes, W.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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1996, Volume 5 N. 1 Pages 113 - 141

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Em busca da solução para o serio problema da transmissão transfusional da doença de Chagas em nosso meio, realizamos a avaliação de produtos naturais corn atividade tripanosomicida. Os testes "in vitro" foram realizados incubando-se a 4°C, sangue de camundongos contendo ± 10(6)/ ml formas tripomastigotas de Trypanosoma cruzi corn os extratos vegetais. Após diferentes períodos de incubação, frações sangüíneas foram examinadas em microscopia de fase. Os extratos que apresentaram atividade tripanosomicida ate 48 horas de incubação, foram examinados em microscopia eletrônica corn intuito de verificarmos sua toxicidade contra os elementos normais do sangue. Foram testados 242 extratos obtidos de 81 vegetais a 56 demonstraram atividade.

Considering the serius problem of blood transfusion transmission of Chagas disease in our environment, we realized the evalution of natural products against Chagas diseases. The tests were realized "in vitro" by in incubation at 4ºC mouse blood having ± 10(6)/ml of Trypanosoma cruzi, sample "y" and "Colombina" with the plant extracts. After different times of incubation, blood fractions were examined by phase microscopy. The drugs that showed activity until 48 hours of incubation, were examined by electron microscopy to virify the toxicity to blood elements. The tests were realized with 242 extracts from 81 plants and 56 extracts showed activity against T. cruzi.

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