ABSTRACT Nutrient prediction models applied to tree species from Brazilian Caatinga can be a crucial tool in understanding this biome. The study aimed to fit a mixed model to predict nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) content in tree species native to the Caatinga biome located in Floresta municipality, Pernambuco State – PE, Brazil. The following species were considered the area’s most important and evaluated in the present study: Poincianella bracteosa (Tul.) L.P.Queiroz, Mimosa ophtalmocentra Mart. ex Benth, Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart, Cnidoscolus quercifolius (Mull. Arg.) Pax. & Hoffm, and Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul. Four trees, representing the average circumference in each diameter class, were harvested for NPK quantification. The Spurr model was evaluated for NPK prediction, and species inclusion as a random effect was significant (p > 0.05) in all models. The Spurr model with fixed and random effects presented better statistics than fixed-effect models in all parameters for all nutrients. Generated NPK predicting equations can be a handy tool to understand the impact of wood extraction over Caatinga’s biogeochemical cycles and guide forest management strategies in semi-arid regions of the world.

RESUMO Modelos de predição de nutrientes aplicados a espécies arbóreas da Caatinga brasileira podem ser uma ferramenta crucial para a compreensão do bioma. O estudo teve como objetivo ajustar um modelo misto para prever os teores de nitrogênio (N), fósforo (P) e potássio (K) em espécies arbóreas nativas do bioma Caatinga localizadas no município de Floresta, Pernambuco – PE, Brasil. As seguintes espécies foram as mais importantes da área e avaliadas no presente estudo: Poincianella bracteosa (Tul.) L.P.Queiroz, Mimosa ophtalmocentra Mart. ex Benth, Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart, Cnidoscolus quercifolius (Mull. Arg.) Pax. & Hoffm e Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul. Quatro árvores, representando a circunferência média em cada classe de diâmetro, foram colhidas para quantificação de NPK. O modelo Spurr foi avaliado para predição de NPK e a inclusão de espécies como efeito aleatório foi significativa (p > 0,05) em todos os modelos. O modelo de Spurr com efeitos fixos e aleatórios apresentou estatísticas melhores que os modelos de efeito fixo em todos os parâmetros para todos os nutrientes. As equações de previsão de NPK geradas podem ser uma ferramenta útil para entender o impacto da extração de madeira sobre os ciclos biogeoquímicos da Caatinga e orientar estratégias de manejo florestal em regiões semiáridas do mundo.

Abstract Genital ulcers (GUs) represent a diagnostic challenge and can be secondary to neoplastic and inflammatory processes of different causes. Among those of infectious etiology, there are sexually transmitted infections (STIs), a very frequent reason for seeking the health service. The most common agents are herpes simplex virus and Treponema pallidum and, more rarely, Haemophilus ducreyi, Klebsiella granulomatis and Chlamydia trachomatis. A careful dermatological examination offers important diagnostic elements; however, atypical manifestations are very common. Distinctive characteristics of ulcers to look out for include their margin, edge, bottom, and base. Regional lymph node chain alterations should be evaluated regarding their number, size, mobility, consistency, inflammation, and pain on palpation. Diagnostic tests have variable sensitivity and specificity, and molecular tests are currently considered the reference exams. The rapid immunochromatographic tests represented a significant advance, as they can be performed with blood obtained from the digital pulp, offer results in up to 30 minutes, and do not require a laboratory structure. The treatment of persons affected by GU/STIs must be immediate, as it aims to prevent complications, as well as reduce transmission. It is not always considered that people with GUs/STIs have varying degrees of depression, anxiety, and self-reproach, with an impact on relationships. Establishing a bond and trusting the professional is essential for adherence to treatment and preventive measures that must be discussed individually.

Abstract Patients with lepromatous or borderline leprosy may present two types of vasculonecrotic reactions: Lucio’s phenomenon (LP) and necrotic erythema nodosum leprosum (nENL). These are serious conditions, which mostly lead to life-threatening infectious and thrombotic complications. The authors report the case of a patient with leprosy recurrence associated with an atypical type II reaction with LP characteristics on histopathology.

RESUMO A previsão de biomassa de madeira e estoque de carbono em florestas plantadas pode variar devido a limitações associadas à medição de parâmetros. Portanto, reduzir possíveis erros gerados na quantificação de biomassa e estoque de carbono é um passo importante na obtenção de dados confiáveis. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar o uso de metodologias destrutivas e não destrutivas para a previsão de biomassa e estoque de carbono em uma floresta plantada de eucalipto. As análises foram realizadas em 21 árvores e 3 metodologias para estimativa de estoque de carbono foram comparadas. Para a metodologia 1, uma amostra controle foi colhida, seccionada, pesada em campo e o estoque de carbono calculado com base nesses dados. A metodologia 2 também foi destrutiva, pois as árvores foram cortadas, cubadas e o estoque de carbono previsto com base nesses dados. A metodologia 3 foi não destrutiva, pois as árvores foram cubadas com auxílio de um equipamento e o estoque de carbono estimado foi baseado nesses dados. A biomassa e o estoque de carbono foram comparados pelo Teste F e nenhuma diferença estatística foi observada. Os dados foram separados de acordo com as classes diamétricas e comparados pelo teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, e novamente não foi observada diferença significativa. Além disso, três equações foram geradas com base no modelo de Schumacher & Hall e comparadas pelo modelo de teste de identidade e não foram observadas diferenças entre as metodologias. Assim, tanto as metodologias não destrutivas quanto as destrutivas aqui avaliadas foram eficazes e apresentaram resultados iguais à amostra controle. Além disso, o uso da metodologia não destrutiva reduz o tempo e o custo destinados à previsão de biomassa e estoque de carbono.

ABSTRACT Predicting wood biomass and carbon stock contents in planted forests can vary due to limitations associated with the measurement of parameters. Therefore, reducing possible errors generated over biomass and carbon stock quantification is an important step in obtaining reliable data. The study aimed to compare the use of destructive and non-destructive methodologies for predicting biomass and carbon stock in a planted Eucalyptus forest. Scaling was performed on 21 trees and 3 methodologies for carbon stock estimation were compared. For methodology 1, a control sample was harvested, sectioned, weighted in the field, and the carbon stock calculated based on these data. Methodology 2 was also destructive, as trees were harvested, scaled and the carbon stock predicted based on these data. Methodology 3 was non-destructive, as trees were scaled upright with the aid of equipment and the predicted carbon stock was based on these data. Biomass and carbon stock were compared by Test F and no statistical difference was observed. The data were separated according to diametric classes and compared by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and again no significant difference was observed. Furthermore, three equations were generated based on the Schumacher & Hall model and compared by the identity test model and no differences between the methodologies were observed. Thus, both nondestructive and destructive methodologies herein evaluated were effective and showed equal results to the control sample. Moreover, the use of the non-destructive methodology reduces time and cost destined to predicting biomass and carbon stock.

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o uso de diferentes espaçamentos e clones de eucalipto na estocagem de carbono em 6 (seis) sistemas silvipastoris (SSP), localizados em Porto Firme - MG. Em campo foram utilizados experimentos contendo 6 (seis) SSP, com os clones GG100, I144, I224, híbridos de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla, nos espaçamentos de 6m x 4m e 8m x 4m, nas idades de 60 e 96 meses. O inventário florestal realizado foi do tipo censo, onde todas as árvores tiveram sua circunferência a 1,30 m de altura (CAP) mensuradas e foram separadas em classes diamétricas. O volume foi estimado baseado no modelo Spurr. A densidade da madeira foi calculada pelo método de imersão em água e o estoque de carbono pelo fator de 0,47. O material genético I224, no espaçamento de 6m x 4m, foi aquele com maior potencial de estocagem de carbono. A densidade básica para os três clones, no espaçamento de 6m x 4m, não variou estatisticamente. Porém, no espaçamento de 8m x 4m, para os materiais genéticos GG100 e I224, houve diferença. Foi possível concluir que o material genético I224, no espaçamento 6m x 4m (24 m2 por planta) possui o maior potencial de estocagem de carbono e que os SSP com eucalipto contribuem para uma agricultura de baixa emissão de carbono e mitigação das mudanças climáticas.

Abstract This study aimed to compare the use of different eucalypt spacing and clones in carbon storage in six silvopastoral systems (SSP) located in Porto Firme - MG. Experiments containing six SSP were used in the field, with clones GG100, I144, and I224, hybrids of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla, in the spacing of 6m x 4m and 8m x 4m, at the ages of 60 and 96 months. The forest inventory carried out was of the census type, where all the trees had their circumference at 1,30 m in height (CAP) measured and separated into diametric classes. The volume was estimated based on the Spurr model. The wood density was calculated by the method of immersion in water and the carbon stock by the factor of 0,47. The genetic material I224, spaced 6m x 4m, had the highest potential for carbon storage. The basic density for the three clones, in 6m x 4m spacing, did not vary statistically, however, in 8m x 4m spacing, for the genetic materials GG100 and I224, there was a difference. It was possible to conclude that the genetic material I224, in 6m x 4m spacing (24 m2 per plant), has the highest potential for carbon storage and that SSP with eucalypt contributes to low-carbon agriculture and mitigation of climate change.

Abstract Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae and, depending on the host immune status, presents different clinical forms. This report describes the case of a 46-year-old man who had hypoesthetic lesions in the infrahyoid region for 30 days. The bacilloscopy was negative. The anatomopathological examination showed alterations corresponding to the tuberculoid pole (epithelioid histiocytes) and virchowian pole (foamy histiocytes), compatible with borderline-virchowian leprosy (Ridley and Jopling classification). Rapid tests for HIV I, II, and syphilis were positive, with a CD4 count of 223. The patient started treatment with multibacillary multidrug therapy, antiretroviral therapy, and benzathine penicillin, with marked clinical improvement in two months.

RESUMO Os métodos tradicionais de avaliação econômica de projetos de produção de madeira e carvão vegetal são baseados na análise de indicadores, porém, estão sujeitas a variações de mercado e incertezas. O estudo foiconduzido no município de Lamim-MG, para avaliação da viabilidade econômica na produção de madeira e carvão vegetal com o uso do sistema forno-fornalha, devido à necessidade de se conhecer a viabilidade econômica desse novo sistema produtivo. A análise de sensibilidade utilizando a técnica de Monte Carlo foirealizada nos custos e receitas. O fluxo de caixa para a produção de madeira e de carvão vegetal foielaborado e os seguintes critérios foram utilizados na análise econômica: Valor Presente Líquido (VPL), Razão Benefício Custo (B/C), Valor Periódico Equivalente (VPE) e Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR). A análise de sensibilidade na produção de madeira e da produção de carvão vegetal foirealizada com o auxílio do software @RISK, de acordo com o parâmetro VPE, que permite comparar projetos com durações diferentes. A produção de madeira foiviável economicamente, com VPL de R$212,68 ha-1 e VPE de R$88,74 ha-1, com custo médio de produção de R$71,37 m3 madeira-1. O valor médio do VPE encontrado na análise de sensibilidade foide R$ 96,82 ha-1. A produção de carvão vegetal foiviável economicamente, com VPL de R$23,41 mdc carvão vegetal-1 e VPE de R$18,57 mdc carvão vegetal-1. O valor médio do VPE encontrado na análise de risco foide R$51,78 mdc carvão vegetal-1. Foi possível concluir que a produção de madeira de eucalipto e de carvão vegetal são viáveis economicamente na região.

ABSTRACT Traditional methods of economic evaluation of wood and charcoal production projects are based on indicators analysis, however, they are subject to market variations and uncertainties. The study was carried out in the city of Lamim, Minas Gerais State, to evaluate the economic viability of wood and charcoal production using the kiln-furnace system, due to the need to know the economic viability of this new production system. Sensitivity analysis using the Monte Carlo technique was performed on costs and revenues. The wood and charcoal production cash flow was elaborated and the following criteria were used in the economic analysis: Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), Equivalent Periodic Value (EPV), and Internal Return Rate (IRR). The wood and charcoal production sensitivity analysis was carried out using the software @RISK, according to the VPE parameter, which allows comparing projects with different durations. Wood production was economically viable, with NPV of $40.26 ha-1 and EPV of $ 16.80 ha-1, with an average production cost of $13.51 m3 wood-1. The EPV mean value found in the sensitivity analysis was $18.33 ha-1. The charcoal production was economically viable, with NPV of $4.43 mdc charcoal-1 and EPV of $3.52 mdc charcoal-1. The EPV mean value found in the sensitivity analysis was $9.80 mdc charcoal-1. It was possible to conclude that the wood and charcoal production are economically viable in the region.

Abstract Background: Syphilis is one of the most common diseases that start with genital ulcers. Aside from the initial, classic ulcerative lesion of syphilis, called hard chancre, atypical presentations are common, with erosions, erythema, edema, balanitis, and other dermatological manifestations. Associated with initial genital lesions, the presence of inguinal adenopathies is frequent, and the presence of hardened and painless lymphangitis on the dorsum of the penis is rare. Objectives: To describe atypical penile manifestations in patients with early syphilis. Methods: The present study reports patients who developed cord-like lesions on the penis. Results: The study included 25 patients with cord-like lesions on the penis; in 19 of those, the diagnosis of syphilis was confirmed. Study limitations: Small number of patients included. Conclusions: In view of the findings of the present investigation, it is important to emphasize that all patients who present with cord-like lesions on the penis must undergo a rapid test for syphilis, VDRL, serologies for HIV viral hepatitis B and C and, whenever possible, histopathological and Doppler exams.

Abstract We report a 74-year-old male presented to an outpatient dermatology clinic in Manaus, Amazonas, with a one-year history of pruritic, keloidal lesions on his left lower extremity. Histopathology showed round structures in reticular dermis. Grocott methenamine silver stain revealed numerous round yeasts with thick double walls, occurring singly or in chains connected by tubular projections. The diagnosis was lobomycosis. Although the keloidal lesions presented by this patient are typical of lobomycosis, their linear distribution along the left lower limb is unusual.

Abstract Secondary osteoma cutis is a phenomenon that may occur in several conditions. When it occurs in a melanocytic nevus it is named osteonevus of Nanta, an event considered uncommon and characterized by the presence of bone formation adjacent or interposed with melanocytic cells. There are reports of its occurrence in various melanocytic lesions, being more frequently associated with intradermal nevus. We report a case of osteonevus of Nanta in combined nevus, possibly the first description of this association.

RESUMO O crescimento de um plantio de eucalipto deve ser monitorado, para identificar fatores que influenciam o seu desenvolvimento, auxiliando na tomada de decisões para reduzir perdas de produtividade. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar a influência da época de realização de replantios sobre a produtividade e o crescimento de povoamentos de eucalipto. O experimento foi conduzido em uma área da CENIBRA S.A. e implantado em um plantio comercial em agosto de 2011. A aplicação de herbicida e o controle de formigas, em área total, foram realizados antes do plantio, com mudas clonais de Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis no espaçamento 3,0 × 2,5 m. A calagem (1.500 kg ha-1) foi realizada em área total antes do plantio e 100 g planta-1 de fertilizante NPK (06-30-06), aplicado imediatamente após o plantio. Quatro meses após a instalação do experimento, 300 kg ha-1 de NPK (06-10-29) foi aplicado. Os tratamentos consistiram de quatro datas de replantio de mudas (0, 20, 40 e 80 dias após plantio) sem adubação complementar, e dois tratamentos (replantio com 40 e 80 dias do plantio) com adubação complementar de plantio (100 g planta-1 de NPK 06-30-06) O volume individual das árvores replantadas foi 46,6% inferior ao das não replantadas. Os tratamentos com adubação complementar de plantio não diferiram (p > 0,05) pelo teste t. Conclui-se que quanto maior o intervalo de tempo entre o plantio e o replantio, menor é o volume individual da árvore replantada e que a realização de adubação complementar em mudas de replantio não favorece o crescimento dessas.

ABSTRACT The growth of an eucalypt plantation should be monitored to identify factors that influence its development, helping in the decision-making process, aiming to reduce productivity losses. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the age of replanting on the yield and growth of eucalypt stands. The experiment was conducted in an area of CENIBRA S.A. Company, and established in a commercial plantation in August 2011. The application of herbicide and the ant control were performed in total area before planting. Seedlings of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis clones in 3.0 × 2.5 m spacing were used. Limestone (1,500 kg ha-1) was applied in total area before planting and 100 g plant-1 of NPK fertilizer (06-30-06) was applied immediately after planting. Four months after the installation of the experiment, 300 kg ha-1 of NPK (06-10-29) was applied. Treatments consisted of four dates of seedling replanting (0, 20, 40 and 80 days after planting) without complementary fertilization, and two treatments (replanting 40 and 80 days after planting) with supplementary fertilization (100g plant-1 NPK 06-30-06). The individual volume of replanting trees was 46.6% lower than of non-replanted ones. Treatments with complementary planting fertilization did not differ (p > 0.05) by the T-test. It is concluded that the longer the time between planting and replanting, the smaller the individual volume of the replanting trees and that the complementary fertilization in seedlings replanted does not favor their growth.

RESUMO As florestas secundárias de Mata Atlântica possuem um papel importante no contexto das mudanças climáticas por atuarem como sumidouro de carbono da atmosfera. Entretanto, essas florestas podem se transformar em fonte de carbono com o aumento da mortalidade de árvores. O conhecimento dessa mudança é possível mediante inventários florestais contínuos que forneçam informações sobre a dinâmica de crescimento das árvores. Desta forma, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a dinâmica de crescimento em carbono de um fragmento de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, com 44,11 ha, situado no Parque Tecnológico de Viçosa - MG. Os inventários florestais foram realizados em vinte parcelas de 10 m x 50 m, nos anos de 2010 e 2015, em que todos os fustes com dap ≥ 5 cm foram mensurados, identificados botanicamente e classificados em grupos ecológicos. O volume do fuste foi obtido por meio de equação volumétrica. A biomassa e o carbono foram quantificados para os compartimentos acima do solo (fuste, galhos e folhas) e abaixo do solo (raízes). A dinâmica de crescimento em carbono foi avaliada por meio do incremento bruto (Ib) e incremento periódico anual em carbono das espécies (IPAli). O Ib foi de 12,72 MgC ha-1, incluindo o carbono dos fustes que ingressaram e morreram durante o período de monitoramento. O estoque de carbono aumentou 10,01 MgC ha-1, resultando em um IPAli de 2,00 MgC ha-1 ano-1. Assim, conclui-se que as árvores do fragmento florestal apresentam crescimento positivo do estoque de carbono em virtude do avanço sucessional, ratificando a importância das florestas secundárias de Mata Atlântica na mitigação de gases de efeito estufa da atmosfera.

ABSTRACT The secondary Atlantic forests play an important role in the context of climate change, acting as a carbon sink for the atmosphere. However, these forests can become a carbon source in case of increased tree mortality. Knowing this change is possible through continuous forest inventories that provide information on the dynamics of tree growth. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the carbon growth dynamics of a Seasonal Semideciduous Forest fragment, with 44.11 ha, located in the Parque Tecnológico de Viçosa - MG. The forest inventories were carried out in twenty plots of 10 m x 50 m, in the years of 2010 and 2015, where all stems with dbh ≥ 5 cm were measured, botanically identified and classified in ecological groups. The stem volume was obtained through volumetric equation. Biomass and carbon stock were quantified for compartments located above the ground (stem, branches and leaves) and below ground (roots). The dynamics of carbon growth were evaluated by Gross Increment (GI) and Periodic Annual Increment in carbon of the species (PAI). The GI was 12.72 MgC ha-1, including the carbon from the stems that were recruited and died during the monitoring period. The carbon stock increased 10.01 MgC ha-1, resulting in an PAI of 2.00 MgC ha-1 year-1. Thus, it is concluded that the forest fragment present positive carbon stock growth due to successional progression, ratifying the importance of secondary forest of the Atlantic forest in the mitigation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Abstract We report a rare case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Cladophialophora bantiana in an immunocompetent patient in Amazonas, Brazil. This dematiaceous fungus has been mainly associated with life-threatening infections affecting the central nervous systems of immunosuppressed patients. We present the clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic aspects, and in vitro susceptibility test results for different antifungal drugs. A brief review of the cases reported in the literature over the past 20 years has also been discussed. According to the literature review, the present case is the first report of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis due to C. bantiana in an immunocompetent patient in Latin America.

Abstract: Crusted scabies is a less common variant of scabies that is highly contagious, difficult to treat and involves infestation by Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. The classical clinical presentation includes crusted, scaly and generally non-pruritic lesions usually located on the head, neck, palmar, plantar and periungual region. It was first described in Norway in 1848 in patients with leprosy who presented with crusted lesions. In this study, we report the case of a patient with crusted scabies with florid clinical manifestations and chronic liver disease due to hepatitis B and delta virus infection.

Abstract: A few cases of pigmented squamous cell carcinoma affecting the skin and the ocular and oral mucosa of the elderly have been described in the literature. The disease manifests itself as papular and nodular erythematous or pigmented lesions. The main clinical differential diagnoses are pigmented basal cell carcinoma and melanoma. Histopathological examination is characterized by proliferation of atypical squamous cells with formation of horn pearls permeated by dendritic melanocytes. For this reason, a careful diagnosis is necessary to rule out other tumors that show melanin pigment. Surgical removal is the indicated treatment and the prognosis is similar to the classical squamous cell carcinoma. We report a case of pigmented squamous cell carcinoma with diagnosis confirmed by histological and immunohistochemical examinations.