ABSTRACT Introduction: Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) is a rare anomaly. Current data available regarding adult cases is derived from small series, information simultaneously presented in pediatric publications, and one classical multicenter study. This review, not aimed to exhaust the subject, has the purpose to examine the literature addressing presentation, diagnostic methodology, and management of afflicted adult patients. Methods: A comprehensive search was undertaken in three major databases (PubMed, Cochrane, SciELO), using the keywords “congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries” and “adults”. Relevant articles in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were extracted and critically appraised in this review. Steps for study selection were: (1) identification of titles of records through databases searching, (2) removal of duplicates, (3) screening and selection of abstracts, (4) final inclusion in the study. Results: Four hundred sixty-five publications on CCTGA in adult patients were retrieved, and 166 were excluded; 299 studies were used for this review including 76 full-text articles, 70 studies related to general aspects of the subject, and, due to the small number of publications, 153 case reports. Sixty-one articles referring to combined experiences in pediatric and adult patients and judged to be relevant, but retrieved from another sources, were also included. Conclusion: Albeit clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria have been well stablished, there seems to be room for discussion related to clinical and surgical management of CCTGA in adults. Considering the rarity of the disease, well designed multicenter studies may provide answers.

On the San Miguel campus of the Catholic University of Maule, in the city of Talca (Chile), the conductivity and thermal resistance of a geothermal borehole were analyzed through a thermal response test (TRT) based on initial ignoring time (IIT) for 3 different heat injection tests, resulting in the thermal conductivity of at least 1.6 Wm -1 K -1 and a thermal resistance of 0.25 mKW -1 (most unfavorable values). Taking advantage of the heating process through the TRT, the cooling capacity of the vertical geothermal heat exchanger was analyzed from a theoretical and practical point of view. Temperature profiles were obtained along the borehole at different time intervals through a water pressure and temperature sensor, and in this way, an average temperature curve of the borehole until the equilibrium temperature was obtained. The latter was compared with the theoretical curve of the cooling process. The results indicate that the cooling curves obtained in a practical way are similar to the theoretical curves. Together with this, a value for the thermal conductivity of 2.35 Wm -1 K -1 was obtained.

En el campus San Miguel de la Universidad Católica del Maule en la ciudad de Talca (Chile), se analizaron la conductividad y resistencia térmica de un pozo geotérmico por medio de un test de respuesta térmica (TRT) en función de tiempos de descarte (TD) para 3 pruebas de inyección de calor diferentes, resultando la conductividad térmica de, al menos, 1.6 W m -1 K -1 y una resistencia térmica de 0.25 mKW -1 (valores más desfavorables). Aprovechando el proceso de calentamiento a través del TRT, se analizó la capacidad de enfriamiento del intercambiador de calor geotérmico vertical desde un punto de vista teórico y práctico. Se obtuvieron perfiles de temperatura a lo largo del pozo en diferentes intervalos de tiempo por medio de un sensor de presión de agua y temperatura, y de esta forma, se obtuvo una curva de temperatura promedio del pozo hasta recuperar la temperatura de equilibrio. Esta última se comparó con la curva teórica del proceso de enfriamiento. Los resultados indican que las curvas de enfriamiento obtenidas de forma práctica son similares a las curvas teóricas. Junto con esto, se obtuvo un valor para la conductividad térmica de 2.35 Wm -1 K -1 .

ResumoDurante as últimas décadas, os avanços verificados no diagnóstico e tratamento das cardiopatias congênitas têm permitido que muitos indivíduos cheguem à idade adulta. Devido principalmente à grande diversidade diagnóstica e também às comorbidades habitualmente presentes nesse grupo etário, esses pacientes necessitam ser atendidos numa unidade multidisciplinar, se o objetivo for proporcionar uma assistência adequada. Neste trabalho revisamos, com base na experiência dos autores e na literatura internacional, as condições estruturais que devem estar disponíveis para esses pacientes. Procuramos ressaltar aspectos como as características da unidade, o critério usualmente adotado para transferência desses pacientes da unidade pediátrica, a composição das equipes médica e paramédica levando em consideração os problemas específicos dos pacientes e também o modelo de assistência ambulatorial e hospitalar. Enfatizamos, ainda, a importância do armazenamento dos dados dos pacientes, a necessidade fundamental de apoio institucional e a importância de oferecer treinamento profissional. A relevância da pesquisa clínica é também abordada, particularmente a importância da confecção de estudos multicêntricos, como uma metodologia apropriada para essa heterogênea população de pacientes.

AbstractDuring the last decades, advances in diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart disease have allowed many individuals to reach adulthood. Due mainly to the great diagnostic diversity and to the co-morbidities usually present in this age group, these patients demand assistance in a multidisciplinary facility if an adequate attention is aimed. In this paper we reviewed, based in the international literature and also on the authors’ experience, the structural conditions that should be available for these patients. We highlighted aspects like the facility characteristics, the criteria usually adopted for patient transfer from the paediatric setting, the composition of the medical and para- medical staff taking into account the specific problems, and also the model of outpatient and in-hospital assistance. We also emphasized the importance of patient data storage, the fundamental necessity of institutional support and also the compromise to offer professional training. The crucial relevance of clinical research is also approached, particularly the development of multicenter studies as an appropriate methodology for this heterogeneous patient population.

O artigo aborda o tratado lógico de Geraldo Odon "De duobos communissimis principiis scientiarum" focando na noção de ens tertio adiacens: o ente significado pela totalidade da proposição e seu verificador. Odon o identifica ao sujeito dos princípios de não-contradição e terceiro excluído. O ens tertio adiacens também corresponde ao primeiro objeto adequado do intelecto e ao sujeito da lógica, a qual é entendida como a primeira ciência. Na segunda parte do artigo, localizamos Odon no debate historiográfico do realismo proposicional, ao lado de Walter Burley.

This paper deals with Geraldus Odonis' logical treatise "De duobus communissimis principiis scientiarum" by focusing on the concept of 'ens tertio adiacens': the being signified by the totality of the proposition and its truthmaker; Odonis identifies it to the subject of the principles of noncontradiction and excluded middle. The ens tertio adiacens also corresponds to the first adequate object of the intellect and to the subject of logic, which is understood as the first science. In the second part of the paper, we place Odonis in the historiographical debate of propositional realism, alongside Walter Burley.

Proposed is a method to investigate degradation of lignocelluloses by pure cultures of basidiomycetes using preserving jars with vermiculite as reservoir for water and nutrients. Bamboo samples of Gigantochloa atroviolacea and Phyllostachys pubescens and wood samples of Fagus sylvatica and Pinus sylvestris were inoculated with the brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana and the white-rot fungus Schizophyllum commune. The fungi were cultured on vermiculite containing different amounts of tap water or malt extract solution. Mass loss of the bamboos after 32 weeks was low and did not show a remarkable influence of moisture content and nutrient addition. However, considerable degradation of Pinus sylvestris sapwood occurred by C. puteana whereby moisture and nutrients influenced aggressiveness.

OBJETIVO: Relatar a experiência da instituição com o tratamento cirúrgico de adultos com cardiopatia congênita devido ao crescente aumento no número desses pacientes e consequentes necessidades de maior discussão do tema. MÉTODOS: Análise retrospectiva dos pacientes operados, com análise de dados demográficos, fatores de risco e resultados. RESULTADOS: Cento e noventa e um pacientes, com idade entre 16 e 74 anos, foram operados. Cirurgia primária foi realizada em 171 pacientes, 93 (55%) com comunicação interatrial. Dentre 20 (12%) reoperações, substituição de valva pulmonar ocorreu em seis casos. Os tempos médios de unidade de terapia intensiva e hospitalar foram 2,7 e 8,5 dias, respectivamente, maiores nas reoperações (P=0,001). Os tempos médios de circulação extracorpórea e pinçamento aórtico foram 68,6 e 44,7 minutos, respectivamente, maiores nas reoperações (P<0,0001 e P=0,0003, respectivamente). Mortalidade hospitalar foi 4,2%, sem relação com reoperação. Sexo masculino, classe funcional III-IV e idade avançada foram fatores preditivos de risco. Complicações importantes foram mais frequentes nas reoperações (P<0,003), principalmente fibrilação e flutter atrial. Entre 183 pacientes com alta hospitalar, 149 (82%) foram seguidos e a fibrilação e flutter atrial foram bastante prevalentes. O valor médio da classe funcional mudou significativamente após a cirurgia (1,66 para 1,11; P<0,0001). A estimativa de sobrevida geral foi de 96,2% em seis anos. CONCLUSÃO: Cirurgia em adultos com cardiopatia congênita pode ser realizada com baixa mortalidade e melhora funcional na maioria dos pacientes. Complicações imediatas e tardias são frequentes. Estudos multicêntricos são importantes para melhor caracterização dessa população de indivíduos no país.

OBJECTIVE: To report the institution experience with the surgical treatment of adults with congenital heart disease due to the increasing number of these patients and the need for a better discussion of the subject. METHODS: Retrospective analysis describing demographic data, risk factors and results. RESULTS: 191 patients between 16 and 74 years old were operated on. Primary correction was done in 171 cases, 93 (55%) for atrial septal defect repair. Among 20 (12%) reoperations, pulmonary valve replacement was done in six cases. The mean intensive care and hospital stay were 2.7 and 8.5 days respectively, significantly greater for the reoperated cases (P=0.001). The mean bypass and clamping times were 68.6 and 44.7 minutes respectively, greater for the reoperated cases (P<0.0001 and P=0.0003 respectively). Hospital mortality was 4.2% and male sex, functional class III-IV and older age at operation were predictive risk factors. Significant complications were more frequent in the reoperated cases (P<0.003), mainly atrial flutter and fibrillation. Among 183 patients discharged, 149 (82%) are being followed and atrial flutter and fibrillation are common. The mean functional class value improved significantly after operation (1.66 to 1.11; P<0.0001). The estimated survival was 96.2% in six years. CONCLUSION: Heart surgery in adults with congenital heart disease can be accomplished with low mortality and functional class improvement. Immediate and late complications are frequent. Multicenter studies are important to better characterize this patient population in the country.

A new species of Xenosaurus from the Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve of northeastern Querétaro, Mexico, is described. The new species differs from all of the other described species of the genus by having usually 2 postrostral scales on each side of the midline (in 84.6% of the specimens, n= 26); largest supraoculars that are not, or only slightly, wider than long; postorbital and zygomatic ridges that are widely separated from each other by an intervening row of scales; labiomental rows that usually extend posteriorly from the second or third chinshield (in 92.3% of the specimens, n= 26); 23-26 lamellae under the fourth toe (x = 24.3, n= 25); a venter that is immaculate or with only diffuse, scattered dark specks on the sides, and a postorbital region rounded, lacking a canthus temporalis demarcated by enlarged or well-defined scales. The new species inhabits oak forest and a transitional zone between oak forest and subperennial tropical forest at approximately 1 100-1 400 m of elevation. The new species is morphologically most similar to X. platyceps from Tamaulipas, but does not appear to be its sister taxon.

Se describe una nueva especie de Xenosaurus de la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra Gorda en el noreste de Querétaro, México. La nueva especie difiere de todas las demás especies descritas en el género en poseer usualmente 2 escamas postrostrales a cada lado de la línea media (en 84.6% de los ejemplares, n= 26); las supraoculares más grandes tan largas como anchas o ligeramente más anchas que largas; crestas postorbital y zigomática ampliamente separadas por una hilera de escamas intermedias; hileras labiomentonales que usualmente se extienden posteriormente a partir del segundo o tercer escudo genial (en 92.3% de los ejemplares, n= 26); 23-26 escamas en la superficie ventral del cuarto dedo de la extremidad posterior (x= 24.3, n= 25); vientre inmaculado o con sólo motas oscuras, difusas, dispersas en los lados y una región postorbital redondeada, sin un canthus temporalis delimitado por escamas agrandadas o bien definidas. La nueva especie habita en bosque de encino y una zona de transición entre bosque de encino y bosque tropical subperennifolio aproximadamente entre los 1 100 m y 1 400 m de elevación. La nueva especie es más similar morfológicamente a X. platyceps de Tamaulipas, pero no parece ser su taxón hermano.

FUNDAMENTO: Experiências de serviços em adultos com cardiopatias congênitas não têm sido relatadas no nosso meio. OBJETIVO: Descrever o perfil clínico básico de adultos com cardiopatias congênitas atendidos ambulatorialmente em centro terciário. MÉTODOS: Anotaram-se dados referentes a idade, sexo, procedência, diagnóstico principal e diagnósticos secundários de 413 pacientes atendidos durante sete anos. RESULTADOS: G1 (não tratados): 195 pacientes, 51% mulheres, 57% entre 14 e 30 anos, 80% residentes na região. As cardiopatias mais frequentes foram comunicação interventricular (CIV) (31%), comunicação interatrial (CIA) (29%) e estenose pulmonar (7%). Os diagnósticos secundários predominantes foram hipertensão arterial (9%) e arritmias (5%). G2 (tratados): 218 pacientes, 56% mulheres, 57% entre 14 e 30 anos, 81% residentes na região. As cardiopatias mais frequentemente tratadas foram CIA (36%), tetralogia de Fallot (14%), coarctação da aorta (12%) e CIV (11%). Sessenta e nove (32%) pacientes foram operados na idade adulta. Dezesseis (7%) foram submetidos a um cateterismo intervencionista. Os diagnósticos secundários predominantes foram hipertensão arterial (18%) e arritmias (8%). CONCLUSÃO: Na casuística, predominaram pacientes tratados invasivamente, residentes na região e a maioria com idade abaixo de 40 anos. Defeitos como CIA, CIV e estenose pulmonar predominaram no grupo não tratado, ao passo que, nos tratados, a maioria tinha sido submetida à correção de CIA, tetralogia de Fallot, coarctação da aorta e CIV. Hipertensão arterial e arritmias foram relevantes em ambos os grupos, sendo também registrada grande diversidade de outras comorbidades.

BACKGROUND: Service experiences for adults with congenital heart disease have not been reported in our country. OBJECTIVE: To describe the basic clinical profile of adults with congenital heart disease in an outpatient tertiary care center. METHODS: We compiled data on age, gender, place of residence, primary diagnosis, and secondary diagnoses of 413 patients treated for seven years. RESULTS: G1 (untreated): 195 patients, 51% women, 57% between 14 and 30 years, 80% living in the region. The most frequent heart diseases were ventricular septal defect (VSD) (31%), atrial septal defect (ASD) (29%), and pulmonary stenosis (7%). The predominant secondary diagnoses were hypertension (9%) and arrhythmias (5%). G2 (treated): 218 patients, 56% women, 57% between 14 and 30 years, 81% living in the region. The most frequently treated heart diseases were: ASD (36%), tetralogy of Fallot (14%), coarctation of the aorta (12%), and VSD (11%). Sixty-nine (32%) patients were operated on for congenital heart diseases in adulthood. Sixteen (7%) underwent an interventional catheterization. The predominant secondary diagnoses were hypertension (18%) and arrhythmias (8%). CONCLUSION: In the study, most patients were treated invasively, all of them were residents in the region, and most of them were under 40 years of age. Defects such as ASD, VSD, and pulmonary stenosis predominated in the untreated group, whereas in the treated group, most patients had undergone surgical correction of ASD, tetralogy of Fallot, aortic coarctation, and VSD. Hypertension and arrhythmias were relevant in both groups, and a large variety of other comorbidities were also observed.

Adapted cold tolerant maize germplasm is vastly cultivated in the semi-arid high Andean ecosystem from southern Peru on altitudes ranging from 2500 to 4000 masl and between 15º - 18º south latitude. An important part of maize production is the intensive utilization of about 20 open-pollinated native landraces for food preparation or preferred grain texture and color. Systematic collection, characterization and evaluation of the tropical highland maize landraces from southern Peru began in the early 2003, as part of a cooperative breeding research between the international KWS SAAT AG seed-breeding company from Einbeck, Germany and the Faculty of Agronomy of National University of Tacna, Peru. The native maize germplasm revealed enormous diversity and genetic variation in landraces, but shared some common phenotypic characters, such as, outstanding tolerance to low temperatures, very late growing period ranging from eight to nine months, and a remarkable resistance to lodging. However, heat tolerant and early tropical lowland maize can be harvested in the Peruvian coastal plains at 90-120 days, depending on the growing season. The establishment and conduction of this breeding project was carried out bearing in mind that geneflow from early-mature improved maize germplasm to the cold tolerant native landraces can be achieved without diminishing biodiversity. The utilization of about 15 cold tolerant native maize land races in this preliminary three years breeding research has generated up to date hybrid populations, mainly consisting of backcrossing, half-sib and full-sib progenies to make selections within and among them to develop inbred lines, hybrids, synthetics and varieties. Evaluation of phenotypic responses of the first hybrid populations under the highland environmental conditions at 3350 masl has showed a high frequency of cold tolerant hybrid lines and genotypes with one-two month reduction of the growing period for dry kernels.

El germoplasma de maíz adaptado a bajas temperaturas es ampliamente cultivado dentro de un ecosistema semiárido altoandino del sur del Perú a altitudes que fluctúan entre 2500 y 4000 m s.n.m. y entre las latitudes 15º a 18º Sur. Un aspecto muy importante de la producción de maíz es la intensiva utilización de cerca de 20 cultivares o variedades nativas para la alimentación o por el color o la calidad de textura del grano. La colección sistemática, caracterización y evaluación de las variedades nativas de maíz altoandino del sur del Perú se inició a principios del 2003 como parte de una investigación colaborativa sobre mejoramiento genético de maíz entre la compañía internacional de mejoramiento y producción de semilla híbrida KWS SAAT AG de Einbeck, Alemania, y la Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann de Tacna, Perú. El germoplasma nativo de maíz mostró una enorme diversidad y variabilidad genéticas; sin embargo, presentó algunas características fenotípicas comunes, tales como una marcada tolerancia a bajas temperaturas, un largo periodo vegetativo que fluctúa entre los ocho a nueve meses y una marcada resistencia al tumbado. Por otra parte, las variedades tolerantes al calor del trópico bajo pueden ser cosechadas en las zonas bajas de la costa sur peruana entre 90 a 120 días, dependiendo de la estación climática. El establecimiento y conducción de este proyecto de mejoramiento fue llevado a cabo bajo la hipótesis de que es factible la transferencia de genes de precocidad y de tolerancia a bajas temperaturas de líneas superiores de maíz y del germoplasma altoandino a poblaciones híbridas sin alterar la diversidad genética de la población nativa. La utilización de cerca de 15 variedades nativas tolerantes al frío en estos tres años preliminares de investigación genética ha permitido generar hasta el presente grupos de progenies o poblaciones híbridas, mayormente consistentes de cruzas recurrentes, familias de medios hermanos y hermanos completos para seleccionar dentro y entre estos grupos líneas endogámicas, líneas híbridas, líneas sintéticas y variedades. La evaluación de las respuestas fenotípicas de las primeras poblaciones híbridas bajo las condiciones climáticas de las zonas altoandinas a 3350 m s.n.m. ha mostrado una alta frecuencia de líneas y genotipos promisorios tolerantes al frío y con una reducción de uno a dos meses en su periodo vegetativo para grano seco.

O aparecimento da murcha de Fusarium do algodoeiro, no Estado de São Paulo, em 1957, estimulou a realização de intensos trabalhos de seleção e estudos genealógicos nos materiais da coleção do Instituto Agronômico. Graças à constituição genética favorável da variedade Auburn 56, de origem norte-americana, variedades resistentes a essa doença e adaptadas às condições estaduais têm sido entregues aos lavradores desde 1963. A partir de 'Auburn 56', por seleção genealógica, foram obtidas, até 1975, as variedades IAC RM3 e IAC RM4 e suas populações melhoradas, IAC 16 e IAC 17, propiciando, até o presente, solução ao problema da murcha de Fusarium na lavoura algodoeira paulista. Os resultados mostraram também que a seleção individual realizada nas condições de ambiente diferente do original constitui meio eficiente de melhorar variedades recém-introduzidas no Estado.

Since 1957, when Fusarium wilt was first recognized on cotton fields of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, the development of wilt-resistant cotton, adapted to field conditions of the State, has been the major goal of the breeding program at the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas. At first a large collection of cotton varieties, known as wilt-resistant, was tested in infected soil. 'Auburn 56' was selected as the most promising material. Selection for adaptation and crosses with local varieties have been made during several years. The improvement of 'Auburn 56' resulted in four varieties, IAC RM3, IAC RM4-SM5, IAC 16 and IAC 17, all of them obtained through selection in field conditions and pedegree breeding. Since 1970 only wilt- resistant varieties have been released by the Instituto Agronômico. 'Auburn 56' proved to be very suitable for adaptation to new conditions. It's resistance endured the pathogen's variation, considering the presence of race 6, and possibly of others not identified, in São Paulo, absent in the USA. The results also showed that selection for adaptation to new environments may be a powerful method of increasing variation and of breeding.

São apresentados os resultados de quatro expedições, realizadas entre 1962 e 19652, nas quais foram levantadas as formas perenes de algodoeiro existentes em regiões da bacia do rio São Francisco, dos estados nordestinos, do litoral paulista e adjacências, de Mato Grosso, sul de Goiás e Triângulo Mineiro. À maneira de S. G. Stephens, as formas em aprêço são discriminadas, conforme seu modo de ocorrência, em seis categorias: A) selvagem ou asselvajadas; B) semi-asselvajadas; C) domésticas; D) de subsistência; E) cultivares primitivos; F) tipos nativos melhorados. Consideradas em função do desenvolvimento econômico-social, essas categorias articulam-se formando um sistema que se adequa ao estudo da evolução do algodoeiro como planta cultivada. Rim-de-boi (G. barbadense r. brasiliense Hutch), Quebradinho (G. barbadense L.) e Mocó, ecótipo de G. hirsutum r. marie-galante Hutch., os três tipos principais de algodoeiros nativos, são encontrados nas formas B, C, D e E. Apenas o Mocó apresenta-se, também, como linhagens melhoradas (F) e tem real expressão na economia nacional. Vários outros tipos perenes de G. hirsutum e de G. barbadense, êstes últimos distintos dos tipos nativos, ocorrem como formas domésticas (C) e semi-asselvajadas (B). A única forma selvagem ou asselvajada (A) descoberta - "caicoense" - não parece relacionar-se, pelo menos diretamente, com nenhum dos tipos anteriores. Várias hipóteses são aventadas, principalmente sobre origem, evolução e migração dos três tipos mais difundidos, ampliando as perspectivas das investigações. É apresentado um mapa mostrando a distribuição geográfica dos vários tipos e as regiões de maior interesse a serem exploradas no prosseguimento das investigações.

Four expeditions, covering regions of Brazil, located between 5.° and 25.° south, latitude, were performed by the authors, during the period from 1962 to 1965. They were supported by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo and their aims were: (a) to determine the present geographical distribution of perennial forms of cotton plants; (b) to get samples of these forms to keep them in herbaria and in living collections, at the Instituto Agronômico, Campinas, for further studies. The working program was based on the S. G. Stephens, discrimination of perennial forms of cotton plants according to the mode of their occurrence, namely: wild, semi-feral, commensal, subsistence, primitive cultigen and improved native type. Several regions of the following states were explored in the expeditions: (1st) regions of the São Francisco river basin of the states Minas Gerais, Bahia and Pernambuco; (2nd) the northeastern region, comprising Alagoas, Pernambuco, Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte and Ceará; (3rd) coastal regions of the state of São Paulo; (4th) regions of the state of Mato Grosso, southern part of Goiás and a region of the state of Minas Gerais, known as "Triângulo Mineiro". Three native types were recognized as being the most largely dispersed: (1) the "kidney" cotton (Gossypium barbadense r. brasiliense Hutch.) found in most of the studied regions. Its center of origin seems to be the northern part of the state of Mato Grosso; the "Quebradinho" (G. barbandese L.) which is found from the inner regions of the states Goiás, Minas Gerais and Bahia as far as the coastal mountains of São Paulo. Although it is admitted that this type has spread south from the state Maranhão, in the 19th century, its center of origin is not known yet; (3) the "Moco", an ecotype of G. hirsutum r. marie galante Hutch., is present in all semi-arid regions of northeastern Brazil. Of these three types, the latter is the only really important one as economic crop and presenting improved strains. Many evidences indicate the Seridó valley as its center of origin. The three cotton types were found as semi-feral, commensal, subsistence, and primitive cultigen forms. A wild cotton was traced near Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte, and named "caicoense", but it does not seem that it is related with any of the above referred types. Several perennial types of G. hirsutum, distinct from "Mocó", were collected as commensal and semi-feral forms in several regions of the northeast. Some types of G. barbadense, different from the native ones, were acknowledged in coastal regions of Alagoas, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, and also near the border of Paraguay. They probably are remnants of ancient introductions. The results of the expeditions are shown on a map, pointing out the geographical distribution of the cotton types located.