Resumo Introdução: A evolução do paciente na clínica fonoaudiológica atua como fator motivador do processo terapêutico, contribui para a sua adesão ao tratamento e possibilita ao terapeuta a revisão e/ou a manutenção de suas condutas. As medidas eletrofisiológicas, como o potencial evocado P300, auxiliam na avaliação, na compreensão e no monitoramento dos distúrbios da comunicação humana, facilitam, dessa forma, a definição do prognóstico de cada caso. Objetivo: Determinar se a terapia fonoaudiológica influencia na variação da latência e da amplitude do P300 em pacientes com distúrbio de linguagem submetidos à terapia fonoaudiológica. Método: Revisão sistemática com metanálise, na qual foram feitas buscas nas seguintes bases de dados: Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO e Lilacs, além das bases de literatura cinzenta: OpenGrey.eu e DissOnline. Foram considerados critérios de inclusão: ensaios clínicos aleatórios ou não, sem restrição de idiomas ou data, que submeteram crianças com distúrbio de linguagem à terapia fonoaudiológica, monitoradas pelo P300, comparadas a crianças sem intervenção. Resultados: A diferença média entre as latências do grupo submetido à terapia e do grupo controle foi de -20,12 ms com intervalo de confiança 95% entre -43,98 e 3,74 ms (p = 0,08; I2 = 25% e o valor de p = 0,26). A diferença média entre as amplitudes do grupo submetido à terapia e do grupo controle foi de 0,73 uV com intervalo de confiança de 95% entre -1,77 e 3,23 uV (p = 0,57; I2 = 0% e o valor de p = 0,47). Conclusão: A terapia fonoaudiológica não influencia nos resultados de latência e amplitude do potencial evocado P300 em crianças submetidas à intervenção fonoaudiológica.

Abstract Introduction: The patient's evolution in the audiology and speech-language clinic acts as a motivator of the therapeutic process, contributing to patient adherence to the treatment and allowing the therapist to review and/or maintain their clinical therapeutic conducts. Electrophysiological measures, such as the P300 evoked potential, help in the evaluation, understanding and monitoring of human communication disorders, thus facilitating the prognosis definition in each case. Objective: To determine whether the audiology and speech-language therapy influences the variation of P300 latency and amplitude in patients with speech disorders undergoing speech therapy. Methods: This is a systematic review with meta-analysis, in which the following databases were searched: Pubmed, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, Web of Science, SciELO and LILACS, in addition to the gray literature bases: OpenGrey.eu and DissOnline. The inclusion criteria were randomized or non-randomized clinical trials, without language or date restriction, which evaluated children with language disorders undergoing speech therapy, monitored by P300, compared to children without intervention. Results: The mean difference between the latencies in the group submitted to therapy and the control group was −20.12 ms with a 95% confidence interval of −43.98 to 3.74 ms (p = 0.08, I 2 = 25% and p value = 0.26). The mean difference between the amplitudes of the group submitted to therapy and the control group was 0.73 uV with a 95% confidence interval of −1.77 to 3.23 uV (p = 0.57, I 2 = 0% and p value = 0.47). Conclusion: The present meta-analysis demonstrates that speech therapy does not influence the latency and amplitude results of the P300 evoked potential in children undergoing speech therapy intervention.

Perhaps one of the most intriguing aspects of human Chagas disease is the complex network of events that underlie the generation of protective versus pathogenic immune responses during the chronic phase of the disease. While most individuals do not develop patent disease, a large percentage may develop severe forms that eventually lead to death. Although many efforts have been devoted to deciphering these mechanisms, there is still much to be learned before we can fully understand the pathogenesis of Chagas disease. It is clear that the host's immune response is decisive in this process. While characteristics of the parasite influence the immune response, it is becoming evident that the host genetic background plays a fundamental role in the establishment of pathogenic versus protective responses. The involvement of three complex organisms, host, parasite and vector, is certainly one of the key aspects that calls for multidisciplinary approaches towards the understanding of Chagas disease. We believe that now, one hundred years after the discovery of Chagas disease, it is imperative to continue with highly interactive research in order to elucidate the immune response associated with disease evolution, which will be essential in designing prophylactic or therapeutic interventions.

Avaliaram-se os efeitos da adição de 15% de casca de café, farelo de cacau ou farelo de mandioca, com base na matéria natural (peso/peso), à forragem verde de capim-elefante no momento da ensilagem sobre o consumo de nutrientes e o desempenho de 20 ovinos Santa Inês em confinamento. Os animais tinham 5 meses de idade, peso inicial de 22,27 ± 3,24 kg e o peso final foi de 28,6 ± 3,78 kg. Utilizou-se um delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram: capim-elefante ensilado sem aditivo ou ensilado com 15% de casca de café, farelo de cacau ou farelo de mandioca. A utilização da casca de café, do farelo de cacau e do farelo de mandioca na ensilagem de capim-elefante aumentou o consumo de matéria seca. Os maiores consumos de proteína bruta foram observados nas silagens contendo farelo de cacau e farelo de mandioca. Os consumos de fibra em detergente neutro foram semelhantes e o consumo de nutrientes digestíveis totais foi maior na silagem contendo farelo de mandioca. A conversão alimentar dos animais não foi afetada pela inclusão dos aditivos na ensilagem. A inclusão de farelo de mandioca na ensilagem de capim-elefante aumenta o ganho de peso (140,5 g/dia) em ovinos Santa Inês.

The effects of the addition of 15% of different addictives (coffee hulls, cocoa meal and cassava meal) to green elephant grass forage, in natural matter basis (weight/weight), at the ensilage moment on the consumption of nutrients and the performance of twenty Santa Inês sheep under feedlot system were evaluated. The animals had 5.0 months of age, initial weight of 22.27 ± 3.24 kg and final weight of 28.6 ± 3.78 kg. The treatments were: T1 = elephant grass ensiled without addictive; T2 = elephant grass ensiled with 15% coffee hulls; T3 = elephant grass ensiled with 15% cocoa meal; T4 = elephant grass ensiled with 15% cassava meal. The use of the addictives coffee hulls, cocoa meal and cassava meal in elephant grass ensilage increased the dry matter intake. The greatest crude protein intakes were observed with silage containing cocoa meal and cassava meal. Neutral detergent fiber intakes were similar, and the total digestible nutrients intake was higher in silage containing cassava bran. The feed conversion rate of the animals was not affected by the inclusion of addictives in ensilage. Diet containing elephant grass ensiled with cassava meal showed higher weight gain along the period and per day, however, no difference was observed in the feed conversion rate. The addition of cassava meal in ensilage of elephant grass provided weight gain of 140.5 g/day in Santa Inês sheep.

Anastrepha parishi Stone, 1942 foi obtida de amostras de frutos de Oenocarpus bacaba Martius, 1823 (Arecaceae), coletadas em Pracuúba, estado do Amapá. Este é também o primeiro registro de uma espécie de Anastrepha obtida de uma espécie nativa de Arecaceae.

Anastrepha parishi Stone, 1942 was reared in fruits of Oenocarpus bacaba Martius, 1823 (Arecaceae) collected in Pracuúba, State of Amapá. This is the first record of an Anastrepha species in a native species of Arecaceae.

A partir de um caso de malária cerebral no Ceará observa-se a possibilidade dessa ocorrência em zona não endêmica, secundária a retardo diagnóstico. Além da gravidade da doença, incomum para a espécie determinada, Plasmodium vivax, verifica-se a possível existência de infecção mista e sua potencial disseminação na presença do vetor.

Starting from a case of cerebral malaria in Ceará, the authors get the attention for that possibility of this occurrence in no-endemic zone, due to the retard of the diagnosis. Besides the serious implications of the disease, uncommon for this determined species, Plasmodium vivax, it is observed the probable existence of mixed infection and the potential dissemination with the presence of the sand fly transmitter.