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Abstract Background Anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse has been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Pericoronary fat attenuation (pFA) is a marker of coronary inflammation, which is key in the atherosclerotic process. Objective To evaluate pFA and inflammatory profile in AAS users. Methods Twenty strength-trained AAS users (AASU), 20 AAS nonusers (AASNU), and 10 sedentary controls (SC) were evaluated. Coronary inflammation was evaluated by mean pericoronary fat attenuation (mPFA) in the right coronary artery (RCA), left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), and left circumflex (LCx). Interleukin (IL)-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha were evaluated by optical density (OD) in a spectrophotometer with a 450 nm filter. P<0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results AASU had higher mPFA in the RCA (-65.87 [70.51-60.70] vs. -78.07 [83.66-72.87] vs.-78.46 [85.41-71.99] Hounsfield Units (HU), respectively, p<0.001) and mPFA in the LAD (-71.47 [76.40-66.61] vs. -79.32 [84.37-74.59] vs. -82.52 [88.44-75.81] HU, respectively, p=0.006) compared with AASNU and SC. mPFA in the LCx was not different between AASU, AASNU, and SC (-72.41 [77.17-70.37] vs. -80.13 [86.22-72.23] vs. -78.29 [80.63-72.29] HU, respectively, p=0.163). AASU compared with AASNU and SC, had higher IL-1, (0.975 [0.847-1.250] vs. 0.437 [0.311-0.565] vs. 0.530 [0.402-0.780] OD, respectively, p=0.002), IL-6 (1.195 [0.947-1.405] vs. 0.427 [0.377-0.577] vs. 0.605 [0.332-0.950] OD, p=0.005) and IL-10 (1.145 [0.920-1.292] vs. 0.477 [0.382-0.591] vs. 0.340 [0.316-0.560] OD, p<0.001). TNF-α was not different between the AASU, AASNU, and SC groups (0.520 [0.250-0.610] vs. 0.377 [0.261-0.548] vs. 0.350 [0.182-430]), respectively. Conclusion Compared with ASSNU and controls, AASU have higher mPFA and higher systemic inflammatory cytokines profile suggesting that AAS may induce coronary atherosclerosis through coronary and systemic inflammation.

Resumo Fundamento O uso abusivo de esteroides anabólicos androgênicos (EAA) tem sido associado à doença arterial coronariana (DAC). A atenuação de gordura pericoronária (AGp) é um marcador de inflamação coronária, a qual exerce um papel chave no processo aterosclerótico. Objetivo Avaliar AGp e perfil inflamatório em usuários de EAA. Método Vinte indivíduos que realizavam treinamento de força, usuários de EAA (UEAA), 20 não usuários de EAA (NUEAA), e 10 indivíduos sedentários controle (SC) foram avaliados. Inflamação coronária foi avaliada por atenuação de gordura pericoronária média (AGPm) artéria coronária direita (ACD), artéria descendente anterior esquerda (ADA) e artéria circunflexa (ACX). Interleucina (IL)-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-10, e TNF-alfa foram avaliados por densidade ótica (DO) em um espectrofotômetro com um filtro de 450 nm. Um p<0,05 indicou significância estatística. Resultados Os UEAA apresentaram maior AGPm na ACD [-65,87 (70,51-60,70) vs. -78,07 (83,66-72,87) vs.-78,46 (85,41-71,99] unidades Hounsfield (HU), respectivamente, p<0,001) e AGPm na ADA [-71,47 (76,40-66,610 vs. -79,32 (84,37-74,59) vs. -82,52 (88,44-75,81) HU, respectivamente, p=0,006) em comparação aos NUEAA e CS. A AGPm na ACX não foi diferente entre os grupos UEAA, NUEAA e CS [-72,41 (77,17-70,37) vs. -80,13 (86,22-72,23) vs. -78,29 (80,63-72,29) HU, respectivamente, p=0,163). Em comparação aos NUEAA e aos CS, o grupo UEAA apresentaram maiores níveis de IL-1 [0,975 (0,847-1,250) vs. 0,437 (0,311-0,565) vs. 0,530 (0,402-0,780) DO, respectivamente, p=0,002), IL-6 [1,195 (0,947-1,405) vs. 0,427 (0,377-0,577) vs. 0,605 (0,332-0,950) DO, p=0,005) e IL-10 [1,145 (0,920-1,292) vs. 0,477 (0,382-0,591) vs. 0,340 (0,316-0,560) DO, p<0,001]. TNF-α não foi diferente entre os grupos UEAA, NUEAA e CS [0,520 (0,250-0,610) vs. 0,377 (0.261-0,548) vs. 0,350 (0,182-430)]. Conclusão Em comparação aos NUEAA e controles, os UEAA apresentam maior AGPm e maior perfil de citocinas inflamatórias sistêmicas, sugerindo que os EAA podem induzir aterosclerose por inflamação coronária e sistêmica.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220822

Characterization of the nigroestriatal system in a sample of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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Monsalve, Claudio Alejandro Jimenez

; Fornari, Luis Henrique Tieppo

; Silva Júnior, Neivo da

; Nakata, Douglas Tomio

; Carvalho Neto, Eurípedes Gomes de

; Rotta, Francisco Tellechea

; Rieder, Carlos Roberto de Mello

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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aug 2022, Volume 80 N. 8 Pages 806 - 811

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Background The coexistence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with clinical forms of Parkinson disease (PD), although uncommon, is found to a greater degree than one would expect by chance. The pathological mechanisms of ALS and PD are still not fully understood, and the coexistence of these two diseases suggests that they could share mechanisms in common. Objective Here we present a sample of patients with clinically definitive or probable ALS who were evaluated with single-photon emission computed tomography SPECT/TRODAT and compared with non-ALS controls. Methods Patients with clinically definite or probable ALS were assessed with the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale (ALSFRS) to define severity and had their demographic data collected. The TRODAT results of patients with ALS were compared with those of patients with a diagnosis of PD with less than 10 years of duration, and with patients with a diagnosis of others movement disorders not associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Results A total of 75% of patients with ALS had TRODAT results below the levels considered normal; that was also true for 25% of the patients in the control group without neurodegenerative disease, and for 100% of the patients in the PD group. A statistically significant difference was found between patients with ALS and the control group without neurodegenerative disease in the TRODAT values < 0.05. Conclusions Our study fits with the neuropathological and functional evidence that demonstrates the existence of nigrostriatal dysfunction in patients with ALS. Further research to better understand the role of these changes in the pathophysiological process of ALS needs to be performed.

Resumo Antecedentes A coexistência da esclerose lateral amiotrófica (ELA) com formas clínicas da doença de Parkinson (DP), embora incomum, é encontrada em um grau maior do que seria esperado ao acaso. Os mecanismos patológicos da ELA e da DP ainda não são totalmente compreendidos e a coexistência dessas duas doenças sugere que elas podem compartilhar mecanismos em comum. Objetivo Apresentamos uma amostra de pacientes com ELA clinicamente definida ou provável que foram avaliados com tomografia computadorizada por emissão de fóton único (SPECT)/TRODAT e comparados com controles sem ELA. Métodos Pacientes com ELA clinicamente definida ou provável foram avaliados com a escala funcional de esclerose lateral amiotrófica (ALSFRS) para definir a gravidade e foram coletados os seus dados demográficos. Os resultados do TRODAT de pacientes com ELA foram comparados com aqueles de pacientes com diagnóstico de DP com menos de 10 anos de duração e com pacientes com diagnóstico de outros distúrbios do movimento não associados a doenças neurodegenerativas. Resultados Um total de 75% dos pacientes com ELA apresentou resultados de TRODAT abaixo dos níveis considerados normais; 25% no grupo controle sem doença neurodegenerativa e 100% no grupo DP. Uma diferença estatisticamente significativa foi encontrada entre os pacientes com ELA e o grupo controle sem doença neurodegenerativa nos valores de TRODAT p< 0,05. Conclusões Nosso estudo está de acordo com as evidências neuropatológicas e funcionais que demonstram a existência de disfunção nigroestriatal em pacientes com ELA. Mais pesquisas para entender melhor o papel dessas mudanças no processo fisiopatológico da ELA precisam ser realizadas.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1755282

Incidência de aumento e redução do Índice de Massa Corporal na meia-idade: seguimento de quatro anos
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Augusto, Nathalia Assis

; Loch, Mathias Roberto

; Dias, Douglas Fernando

; Silva, Ana Maria Rigo

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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apr 2022, Volume 27 N. 4 Pages 1455 - 1468

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a incidência de aumento e de redução do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) entre homens e mulheres de meia-idade segundo características sociodemográficas e classificação do estado nutricional. Trata-se de uma coorte de base populacional com 689 adultos com idade entre 40 e 64 anos seguidos por quatro anos. Verificou-se a proporção de redução e de aumento do IMC (≥1 kg/m²) segundo variáveis sociodemográficas e classificação do estado nutricional na linha de base mediante regressão de Poisson bruta e ajustada. A maior incidência de redução do IMC foi observada entre os homens na faixa etária de 55 a 64 anos (RR: 1,78; IC95%: 1,06-3,00), naqueles sem companheira (RR: 1,85; IC95%: 1,09-3,14), nos classificados com sobrepeso (RR: 2,06; IC95%: 1,13-3,74) e obesidade (RR: 2,33; IC95%: 1,24-4,35), e entre as mulheres na faixa etária de 55 a 64 anos (RR: 1,43; IC95%: 1,02-2,00) e nas classificadas com obesidade (RR: 2,10; IC95%: 1,30-3,38). A incidência de aumento do IMC foi menor na faixa etária de 55 a 64 anos entre os homens (RR: 0,62; IC95%: 0,41-0,95) e mulheres (RR: 0,68; IC95%: 0,49-0,95). Estes dados são importantes para compreensão dos fatores relacionados à variação do IMC e elaboração de políticas públicas que visem o cuidado à saúde na meia-idade.

Abstract The scope of this study was to analyze the incidence of increase and decrease in Body Mass Index (BMI) among middle-aged men and women according to sociodemographic characteristics and classification of nutritional status. It involved a population-based cohort of 689 adults aged 40 to 64 years followed up for four years. The proportion of reduction and increase in BMI (≥1 kg/m²) was verified according to sociodemographic variables and classification of nutritional status in the baseline by means of crude and adjusted Poisson regression. There was a higher incidence of reduced BMI among men in the 55-64 age group (RR: 1.78; 95%CI: 1.06-3.00), in those without a partner (RR: 1.85; 95%CI: 1.09-3.14), in those classified as overweight (RR: 2.06; 95%CI: 1.13-3.74) and in those classified as obese (RR: 2.33; 95%CI: 1.24-4.35), and among women in the 55-64 age group (RR: 1.43; 95%CI: 1.02-2.00) and in those classified as obese (RR: 2.10; 95%CI%: 1.30-3.38). The incidence of increased BMI was lower in the 55 to 64 age group among men (RR: 0.62; 95%CI: 0.41-0.95) and women (RR: 0.68; 95%CI: 0.49-0.95). These data are important for understanding the factors related to the variation of BMI and the elaboration of public policies aimed at the health care of middle-aged adults.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232022274.03612021

Incidência de aumento e redução do Índice de Massa Corporal na meia-idade: seguimento de quatro anos
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Augusto, Nathalia Assis

; Loch, Mathias Roberto

; Dias, Douglas Fernando

; Silva, Ana Maria Rigo

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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apr 2022, Volume 27 N. 4 Pages 1455 - 1468

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232022274.03612021

Effect of immunonutrition on serum levels of C-reactive protein and lymphocytes in patients with COVID-19: a randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial
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Pimentel, Rodrigo Fernandes Weyll

; Silva, Arthur Pinto

; Santana, Amália Ivine Costa

; Souza e Silva, Douglas de

; Ramos, Mariângela de Souza

; de Souza, Márcio Costa

; Suen, Vivian Marques Miguel

; Maduro, Isolda Padro de Negreiros Nogueira

; Filho, Durval Ribas

; Júnior, Argemiro D'Oliveira

; da Silva, Dandara Almeida Reis

; Coelho, Julita Maria Freitas

; Gomes, Antonio Marcos Tosoli

; Machado, Paulo Roberto Lima

; das Merces, Magno Conceição

Nutrición Hospitalaria

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feb 2022, Volume 39 N. 1 Pages 20 - 26

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: patients with COVID-19 undergo changes in leukocyte count, respiratory disorders, and an increase in inflammatory substances. To improve the inflammatory condition, some nutrients can be used, including arginine, omega-3 fatty acids and nucleotides. This study aims to evaluate how oral immunonutrient supplements affects serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and lymphocyte count in patients with COVID-19. Methods: in this double-blind clinical trial, we randomized 43 adult patients with COVID-19 to receive a standard high-protein normocaloric supplement (control) or an immunonutrient-enriched supplement (experiment) for 7 days. The primary outcome was to evaluate changes in total lymphocyte count and serum level of CRP. The assessment of risk and nutritional status of these patients was also performed. Results: forty-three patients with mean age of 41.5 (± 1.8) years were followed up, 39.5 % of them women. The mean body mass index was 27.6 (± 0.8) kg/m² and 58.1 % had low nutritional risk. In the experiment group, there was a CRP reduction of 23.6 (± 7.5) mg/L, while in the control branch the decrease was 14.8 (± 12.1) mg/L (p = 0.002). There was an increase in lymphocytes in the experiment group (+367.5 ± 401.8 cells/mm³) and a reduction in the control group (-282.8 ± 327.8 cells/mm³), although there was no statistical significance (p = 0.369). Relative risk (RR) of treatment in reducing CRP by 30 % or more was 4.45 (p < 0.001; 95 % CI, 1.79-11.07). RR in increasing lymphocyte count by 30 % or more was 1.28 (p = 0.327; 95 % CI, 0.67-2.45). Conclusion: we conclude that immunonutrient supplements seem to reduce CRP levels more than standard high-protein normocaloric supplements.

Resumen Introducción: los pacientes con COVID-19 sufren cambios en el recuento de leucocitos, trastornos respiratorios y aumento de sustancias inflamatorias. Para mejorar la condición inflamatoria se pueden usar algunos nutrientes, como la arginina, los ácidos grasos omega-3 y los nucleótidos. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar cómo los suplementos de inmunonutrientes orales afectan a los niveles séricos de proteína C-reactiva (PCR) y al recuento de linfocitos en pacientes con COVID-19. Métodos: en este ensayo clínico doble ciego, aleatorizamos a 43 pacientes adultos con COVID-19 para recibir un suplemento normocalórico estándar alto en proteínas (control) o un suplemento enriquecido con inmunonutrientes (experimento) durante 7 días. El resultado primario fue evaluar los cambios en el recuento total de linfocitos y el nivel sérico de PCR. También se realizó la evaluación del riesgo y el estado nutricional de estos pacientes. Resultados: cuarenta y tres pacientes con edad media de 41,5 (± 1,8) años fueron seguidos, el 39,5 % de ellos mujeres. El índice de masa corporal medio fue de 27,6 (± 0,8) kg/m² y el 58,1 % tenían bajo riesgo nutricional. En el grupo experimental hubo una reducción de la PCR de 23,6 (± 7,5) mg/L, mientras que en la rama de control la disminución fue de 14,8 (± 12,1) mg/L (p = 0,002). Hubo un aumento de linfocitos en el grupo experimental (+367,5 ± 401,8 células/mm³) y una reducción en el grupo de control (-282,8 ± 327,8 células/mm³), aunque no hubo significación estadística (p = 0,369). El riesgo relativo (RR) del tratamiento para reducir la PCR en un 30 % o más fue de 4,45 (p < 0,001; IC 95 %: 1,79-11,07). El RR en el aumento del recuento de linfocitos en un 30 % o más fue de 1,28 (p = 0,327; IC 95 %: 0,67-2,45). Conclusión: se concluye que los suplementos de inmunonutrientes parecen reducir los niveles de PCR más que los suplementos normocalóricos estándar altos en proteína.

https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.03847

Identification of Pentatrichomonas hominis in preputial washes of bulls in Brazil
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Silva, Otávia Reis e

; Ribeiro, Laura

; Jesus, Vera Lucia Teixeira de

; McIntosh, Douglas

; Silenciato, Lara Nogueira

; Ferreira, Joaquim Esquerdo

; Mello, Marco Roberto Bourg de

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2022, Volume 31 N. 2 elocation e005322

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O parabasalídeo Pentatrichomonas hominis é geralmente considerado um componente simbiótico da microbiota gastrointestinal em uma ampla variedade de hospedeiros vertebrados, incluindo os humanos. No entanto, um número limitado de estudos levantou a possibilidade de que possa atuar como patógeno de humanos, cães e suínos, e que algumas infecções humanas possam ter origem zoonótica. Dados da América do Norte revelaram uma associação entre P. hominis e o trato urogenital bovino, principalmente, em touros e raramente em vacas. A importância dessa observação está ligada a uma possível interferência no diagnóstico preciso do patógeno venéreo de importância econômica Tritrichomonas foetus. O presente estudo empregou métodos baseados em cultura em combinação com técnicas moleculares, para examinar as cavidades prepuciais de quatro touros, criados em pastagem aberta no sudeste do Brasil, quanto à presença de tricomonas. Protozoários móveis foram isolados de três dos touros e foram definitivamente identificados como P. hominis com base no sequenciamento de nucleotídeos de amplicons geradas pela reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), empregando a região RNA ribossômico (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2) do parasita como alvo. Os potenciais implicações desses achados para a saúde bovina e humana são discutidas.

Abstract The parabasalid Pentatrichomonas hominis is generally considered to represent a symbiotic component of the gastrointestinal microbiota in a wide variety of vertebrate hosts including humans. Nevertheless, a limited number of studies have raised the possibility that it may act as a pathogen of humans, dogs, and pigs and that some human infections may have a zoonotic origin. Data from North America revealed an association between P. hominis and the bovine urogenital tract, principally in bulls and rarely in cows. The importance of this observation is linked to possible interference in the accurate diagnosis of the economically important venereal pathogen Tritrichomonas foetus. The current study employed culture-based and molecular methods to examine the preputial cavities of four breeding bulls, raised in open pasture in southeastern Brazil, for the presence of trichomonads. Motile protozoa were isolated from three of the bulls and were definitively identified as P. hominis based on nucleotide sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicons derived from the ribosomal RNA operon (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2) of the parasite. The potential implications of these findings for bovine and human health are discussed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612022034

Salvage Retzius sparing robotic assisted radical prostatectomy: the first brazilian experience
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Nunes-Silva, Igor

; Hidaka, Alexandre Kyoshi

; Monti, Carlos Roberto

; Tobias-Machado, Marcos

; Zampolli, Hamilton de Campos

International braz j urol

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dec 2021, Volume 47 N. 6 Pages 1279 - 1280

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction: Salvage Radical Prostatectomy after radiation therapy is challenging and associated with high rates of serious complications (1, 2). The novel Retzius-Sparing RARP (RS-RARP) approach has shown excellent continence outcomes (3, 4). Purpose: To describe step-by-step our Salvage Retzius-Sparing RARP (sRS-RARP) operative technique and report feasibility, safety and the preliminary oncological and continence outcomes in the post-radiation scenario. Materials and Methods: Twelve males presenting local prostate cancer recurrence after radiotherapy that underwent sRS-RARP were included. All patients performed preoperative multiparametric MRI and PSMA-PET. Surgical technique: 7cm peritoneum opening at Douglas pouch, Recto-prostatic space development, Seminal vesicles and vas deferens isolation and section, Extra-fascial dissection through peri-prostatic fat, Neurovascular bundle control, Bladder neck total preservation and opening, Anterior dissection at Santorini plexus plane, Apex dissection with urethra preservation and section, Prostate release, Vesicouretral modified Van Velthoveen anastomosis, Rocco Stitch, Oncological and continence outcomes reported with minimum 1-year follow-up. Results: Ten patients had previously received external beam radiation (EBR) whereas two received previous brachytherapy plus EBR. At 1, 3 and 12 months after surgery, 25%, 75% and 91.6% of the men used one safety pad or less, respectively. No major complications or blood transfusions were reported. Final pathology reported pT2b 41.6%, pT2c 33.3% and pT3a 25%, positive surgical margins 25%, positive lymph nodes were not found, biochemical recurrence 16.6%. Conclusion: Salvage Retzius-Sparing Robotic Assisted Radical Prostatectomy approach appears to be technically feasible and oncologically safe with potential to provide better continence outcomes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2021.0260 86 downloads

Impacto da pandemia do vírus COVID-19 nas internações para tratamento de câncer de pele no Brasil
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VILELA, ISABELLA DE FÁTIMA

; CARVALHO, THIAGO ROBERTO WINTER DE

; SILVA, LEONEL RIBEIRO

; TEÓFILO, LETÍCIA ALVES

; MARTUSCELLI, OSÍRIS JOSÉ DUTRA

; SILVA, DIEGO FILIPE DA

; RODRIGUE, DOUGLAS SILVA

; ANDRADE, PAMELLA COSTA

Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica

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jul 2021, Volume 36 N. 3 Pages 303 - 308

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução: A infecção pelo vírus COVID-19 é um impacto severo à saúde no ano de 2020. A repercussão direta é facilmente mensurada através de suas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Sua repercussão indireta na saúde ainda é pouco mensurada e este é o objetivo deste estudo. Métodos: Determinar os números de internações para tratamentos gerais, para tratamento de neoplasias e para câncer de pele malignos no SUS, de 2008 a 2020, no departamento de informática do SUS. Resultados: O paralelismo dos dados referentes aos três grupos acima selecionados permitiu observar uma redução drástica no número de internações no SUS entre os mesmos meses de 2019 e 2020: queda de 10,60% nas internações gerais, 58,65% nas internações por neoplasia e 156% nas internações por câncer de pele maligno. A redução agravou-se gradativamente no ano de 2020 a partir do mês de janeiro. No mês de junho de 2020, os números de internações para tratamento de câncer de pele refletem valores de 12 anos atrás. Conclusão: O acompanhamento da série histórica de internações no SUS fornece um valor palpável que serve como base para se compreender o direcionamento das medidas de saúde. As implicações indiretas da COVID-19 podem ter um desfecho tão trágico quanto a sua mortalidade, pois repercutem na disponibilidade de serviços de saúde especializados. Serviços de grande especialização como o tratamento de câncer em caráter hospitalar atendem casos complexos e sua indisponibilidade pode refletir em aumento de mortalidade por estas causas - um impacto indireto da COVID-19.

ABSTRACT Introduction: COVID-19 virus infection was a severe health impact in 2020. The direct repercussion is easily measured through its morbidity and mortality rates. Its indirect repercussion on health is still little measured, and this is the objective of this study. Methods: To determine the number of hospitalizations for general treatments, for the treatment of neoplasms and malignant skin cancer in the SUS, from 2008 to 2020, in the department of informatics of the SUS. Results: The parallelism of the data referring to the three groups selected above allowed to observe a drastic reduction in the number of hospitalizations in the SUS between the same months of 2019 and 2020: a decrease of 10.60% in general hospitalizations, 58.65% in hospitalizations for neoplasia and 156% in hospitalizations for malignant skin cancer. The reduction gradually worsened in 2020 from January. In June 2020, the number of hospitalizations for skin cancer treatment reflected values from 12 years ago. Conclusion: The follow-up of the historical series of hospitalizations in the SUS provides a tangible value that serves as a basis for understanding the direction of health measures. The indirect implications of COVID-19 may have an outcome as tragic as its mortality, as they impact specialized health services availability. Services of great specialization such as hospital cancer treatment attend complex cases, and their unavailability may reflect an increase in mortality from these causes - an indirect impact of COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.5935/2177-1235.2021rbcp0034

Performance of the double-cross tomato hybrids from a partial diallel
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Matos, Rafael de

; Resende, Juliano Tadeu Vilela de

; Zeist, André Ricardo

; Corte, Lígia Erpen-Dalla

; Da-Silva, Paulo Roberto

; Zeffa, Douglas Mariani

Ciência e Agrotecnologia

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2021, Volume 45 elocation e027320

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O conhecimento da capacidade de combinação entre genótipos, diversidade genética e heterose desempenha um papel fundamental na obtenção de híbridos duplos com potencial produtivo. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar esses parâmetros em genótipos de tomate por meio de um cruzamento dialélico balanceado entre híbridos simples comerciais, gerando híbridos duplos. Os genótipos de tomate incluíram 15 híbridos duplos, seus genitores e dois genótipos comerciais como testemunhas. Dos 15 híbridos duplos, dois cruzamentos exibiram superioridade, Aguamiel × Compack e Dominador × Compack, principalmente em relação à produção de frutos comerciais. Para essa caracteristica, genes com efeito não aditivo controlam sua expressão. Para massa do fruto, diâmetro horizontal, diâmetro vertical e altura de inserção do cacho, genes com efeito aditivo são responsáveis pela sua expressão genotípica. Em relação à diversidade genética, as análises moleculares indicaram polimorfismo para 79% dos locos avaliados, evidenciando a alta variabilidade genética dos genitores. Os valores de heterose foram baixos para a maioria dos cruzamentos, exceto para a combinação Quarenta × Plutão, que apresentou heterose de 107% para a produção total de frutos. O cruzamento dialélico gerou combinações híbridas com desempenho superior em relação às testemunhas comerciais, sugerindo a possibilidade de obter híbridos duplos de tomate com heterose significante.

ABSTRACT Knowledge of the combining ability of genotypes, genetic diversity, and heterosis play the paramount role in obtaining double-cross hybrids with high productivity. This study was aimed at evaluating these parameters in tomato genotypes using partial diallel crosses among the commercial single-cross hybrids, which verified the possibility of using double-cross hybrids for commercial purposes. Tomato genotypes included 15 double-cross hybrids, their genitors, and two commercial genotypes as checks. Of the fifteen double-cross hybrids of tomato, two crosses exhibited superiority, such as Aguamiel × Compack and Dominador × Compack, mainly for the total and commercial fruit yields. The phenotypic expression of the trait is controlled by the genes with non-additive effects, whereas the genes with additive effects account for the genotypes of fruit mass, horizontal diameter, vertical diameter, and bunch insertion height. Regarding the genetic diversity, molecular analyses pointed out polymorphism for 79 percent of the evaluated loci evidencing a high genetic variability among the genitors. The heterosis values were low for most of the crosses, except for Forty × Plutão that represented 107 percent of heterosis for the total fruit yield. As compared with the commercial checks, the diallel cross generated superior quality hybrids, which inferred the possibility of obtaining double-cross hybrids of tomato with significant heterosis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202145027320 512 downloads

10.

Organic fertilization in the production and chemical composition of non-conventional leafy vegetables
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Batista, Deborah Sepini

; Mantovani, José Ricardo

; Silva, Luis Felipe Lima e

; Souza, Douglas Correa de

; Landgraf, Paulo Roberto Corrêa

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

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2021, Volume 51 elocation e66508

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO As hortaliças folhosas não convencionais podem ser uma boa fonte de nutrientes para a dieta humana, mas há poucas informações sobre adubação para essas espécies. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da adubação orgânica com esterco bovino na produção e composição química de hortaliças folhosas não convencionais. O experimento foi conduzido em casa-de-vegetação, em vasos. Os fatores em estudo foram espécies de hortaliças não convencionais (Rumex acetosa, Stachys byzantina e Lactuca canadensis) e doses de esterco bovino (0; 5; 10; 15; e 20 t ha-1), arranjados em esquema fatorial 3 x 5, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Na colheita, foram avaliados o diâmetro de caule, número total de folhas, número de folhas com padrão comercial, matéria fresca e seca da parte aérea, concentração e quantidades acumuladas de macro e micronutrientes na parte aérea. A adubação com esterco bovino alterou o diâmetro de caule, número de folhas com padrão comercial, matéria fresca e seca da parte aérea, bem como o acúmulo dos nutrientes N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Mn e Zn na parte aérea das três espécies estudadas. Os acréscimos obtidos variaram de 1,1 a 2,1 vezes, em relação ao tratamento sem adubação orgânica, e a dose equivalente a 20 t ha-1 foi a mais adequada. A adubação orgânica com esterco bovino aumenta a produção e o acúmulo de nutrientes nas hortaliças não convencionais avaliadas, sendo que R. acetosa apresenta maior acúmulo de nutrientes do que S. byzantina e L. canadensis.

ABSTRACT Non-conventional leafy vegetables can be a good source of nutrients for the human diet, but there is little information on fertilization for these species. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic fertilization with cattle manure on the production and chemical composition of non-conventional leafy vegetables. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in pots. The factors under study were non-conventional leafy species (Rumex acetosa, Stachys byzantina and Lactuca canadensis) and cattle manure doses (0; 5; 10; 15; and 20 t ha-1), arranged in a 3 x 5 factorial scheme, in a randomized block design, with four replications. At harvest, the following parameters were evaluated: stem diameter; total number of leaves; number of leaves with commercial standard; shoot fresh and dry matter; macro and micronutrients concentration and accumulated amounts in the shoot. The fertilization with cattle manure altered the stem diameter, number of leaves with commercial standard, shoot fresh and dry matter, as well as the accumulation of the nutrients N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Mn and Zn in the shoot of the three species studied. The additions obtained varied from 1.1 to 2.1 times, in relation to the treatment without organic fertilization, and the dose equivalent to 20 t ha-1 was the most adequate one. The organic fertilization with cattle manure increases the production and accumulation of nutrients in the non-conventional vegetables evaluated, with R. acetosa presenting a nutrient accumulation higher than S. byzantina and L. canadensis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632021v5166508 178 downloads

11.

Periodontal disease and its complications in cats from a shelter in the Central Region of Rio Grande do Sul
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Maciel, Roberto M.

; Mazaro, Renata D.

; Silva, João P.F.

; Lorenzetti, Douglas M.

; Herbichi, Alana

; Paz, Milena C.

; Danesi, Cristiane C.

; Fighera, Rafael A.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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sep 2020, Volume 40 N. 9 Pages 696 - 706

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Doença periodontal é a mais comum doença infecciosa que ocorre em pacientes felinos. Embora ocorra em gatos de ambos os sexos, diferentes faixas etárias e quaisquer raças, a prevalência e a gravidade parece muito maior em gatos que vivem em abrigos para animais. Baseado nesses aspectos e, consequentemente, na importância que ela traz para a medicina felina de gatos de abrigos, o objetivo desse artigo é descrever os aspectos clínicos, radiológicos, citopatológicos e virológicos da doença periodontal e suas complicações em gatos. Para isso, nove gatos com doença periodontal oriundos de um único abrigo de animais foram avaliados. Esses gatos demonstraram uma doença caracterizada por halitose, salivação excessiva e desconforto oral. Linfadenomegalia dos linfonodos mandibulares e retrofaríngeos foi observada em 44,4% dos casos. As lesões orais consistiam de graus variados de hiperemia gengival, perda completa das margens gengivais livres e, consequentemente, retração gengival, deposição de cálculo dental, mobilidade dentária, exposição completa da furca dos pré-molares e molares e das raízes dentárias dos caninos e incisivos, perda de radiopacidade óssea devido à reabsorção de osso alveolar e perda dentária. Complicações incluíram estomatite paradental ulcerativa crônica (22,2%), faucite (22,2%) e gengivoestomatite crônica (11,1%). Nenhum dos gatos afetados pela doença periodontal foi positivo para FIV ou FeLV. Em 33,3% dos casos, os gatos eram portadores do calicivírus felino, mas não do herpesvírus felino.

ABSTRACT: Periodontal disease is the most common infectious disease that occurs in feline patients. Although it occurs in both sexes, different age groups, and any breeds, the prevalence and severity seem much higher in cats living in animal shelters. This paper aimed to describe the clinical, radiological, cytopathological, and virological aspects of periodontal disease and its complications in cats, based on these aspects and, consequently, on the importance it brings to cat feline medicine in shelter cats. For this, nine cats with periodontal disease from a single animal shelter were evaluated. These cats demonstrated a disease characterized by halitosis, excessive salivation, and oral discomfort. Lymphadenomegaly of the mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes was observed in 44.4% of the cases. Oral lesions consisted of varying degrees of gingival hyperemia, complete loss of free gingival margins, and consequently gingival retraction, dental calculus deposition, dental mobility, complete exposure of the furcation of premolars and molars, and dental roots of canines and incisors, loss of bone radiopacity due to alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss. Complications included chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis (22.2%), faucitis (22.2%), and chronic gingivostomatitis (11.1%). None of the cats affected by periodontal disease was positive for FIV or FeLV. In 33.3% of the cases, cats were carriers of feline calicivirus, but not feline herpesvirus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6306 801 downloads

12.

Associated factors with negative health perception and quality of life of Brazilian older adults
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Barbosa, Felipe Douglas Silva

; Morais, Danilo Barbosa

; Morais Júnior, Gilberto Santos

; Santos, Cristiane Kelly Aquino dos

; Sampaio, Ricardo Aurélio Carvalho

; Silva, Roberto Jerônimo do Santos

Motricidade

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sep 2020, Volume 16 Suppl. 1 Pages 144 - 155

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with negative Health Perception and Quality of Life (QoL) of older adults. This was a cross-sectional study composed of 224 older adults with a median age of 70.58±6.43 years old. A questionnaire was designed to incorporate ABEP (socio-economic questionnaire), WHOQOL-bref, IPAQ, and Senior Fitness Test (SFT). Binary logistic regression with p>0.05, organized in univariate and multivariate models in SPSS version 22. Variables upper extremities poor flexibility OR = 2.43 (1.37 - 4.31) and lower extremities poor flexibility OR = 2.69 (1.54 - 4.69) were significantly associated with negative health perception. Being not financial responsible OR= 0.33 (0.12 - 0.85) presented lower odds of negative QoL perception. The variable Lower extremities poor flexibility univariate OR= 2.52 (1.45 - 4.39) and multivariate model OR= 2.42 (1.38 - 4.24) showed almost three times higher probabilities of negative QoL perception.

https://doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.22338 63 downloads

13.

Insect (Hexapoda) diversity in the oceanic archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil: updated taxonomic checklist and new records
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Rafael, José Albertino

; Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco

; Hutchings, Roger William

; Miranda, Gil Felipe Gonçalves

; Silva Neto, Alberto Moreira da

; Somavilla, Alexandre

; Camargo, Alexssandro

; Asenjo, Angélico

; Pinto, Ângelo Parise

; Bello, Ayr de Moura

; Dalmorra, Camila

; Mello-Patiu, Cátia Antunes de

; Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de

; Takiya, Daniela Maeda

; Parizotto, Daniele Regina

; Marques, Dayse Willkenia Almeida

; Cavalheiro, Denis de Oliveira

; Mendes, Diego Matheus de Mello

; Zeppelini, Douglas

; Carneiro, Eduardo

; Lima, Élison Fabrício Bezerra

; Lima, Estevam Cipriano Araújo de

; Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga de

; Pessoa, Felipe Arley Costa

; Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Zagury

; Sosa-Duque, Francisco José

; Flores, Heloísa Fernandes

; Fernandes, Itanna Oliveira

; Silva-Júnior, José Osvaldo

; Gomes, Lucas Roberto Pereira

; Monné, Marcela Laura

; Castro, Marcelo Cutrim Moreira de

; Silva, Marcelo Peixoto Gomes da

; Couri, Márcia Souto

; Gottschalk, Marco Silva

; Soares, Matheus Mickael Mota

; Monné, Miguel Angel

; Rafael, Miriam Silva

; Casagrande, Mirna Martins

; Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik

; Grossi, Paschoal Coelho

; Pinto, Paula Jéssica Costa

; Bartholomay, Pedro Reck

; Sobral, Rafael

; Heleodoro, Raphael Aquino

; Machado, Renato José Pires

; Corrêa, Robson Crepes

; Hutchings, Rosa Sá Gomes

; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly

; Santos, Sandra Duque dos

; Lima, Sheila Pereira de

; Mahlmann, Thiago

; Silva, Vera Cristina

; Fernandes, Daniell Rodrigo Rodrigues

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2020, Volume 64 N. 3 elocation e20200052

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Hexapods, commonly known as insects, are a neglected taxonomic group in the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, with unanswered questions about their species richness and the ecological processes in which they are involved (e.g., colonization, introduction, establishment, and extinction). Herein, we provide an updated Hexapod checklist with current nomenclatural combinations. The entomofauna of the Fernando de Noronha archipelago is currently composed of 453 species in 21 orders. The orders, and their respective number of species, are: Blattaria (9), Coleoptera (118), Collembola (29), Dermaptera (3), Diplura (1), Diptera (134), Embioptera (1), Hemiptera (29), Hymenoptera (59), Isoptera (2), Lepidoptera (25), Mantodea (1), Neuroptera (3), Odonata (5), Orthoptera (11), Phasmatodea (1), Phthiraptera (6), Psocoptera (3), Siphonaptera (1), Thysanoptera (10), and Zygentoma (2). The archipelago has 263 new taxon records (family + genera + species). Thirty-eight species (3.39%) were described from local specimens and most of them are likely endemic species. This study more than doubles our knowledge (from the previous 190 records) of the entomofauna in this large Brazilian archipelago. This study also provides a baseline for studies on its conservation status and for implementing future environmental management programs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2020-0052 2462 downloads

14.

Solubility and availability of micronutrients extracted from silicate agrominerals
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Marchi, Giuliano

; Guelfi-Silva, Douglas Ramos

; Malaquias, Juaci Vitória

; Guilherme, Luiz Roberto Guimarães

; Spehar, Carlos Roberto

; Martins, Eder de Souza

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

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2020, Volume 55 elocation e00807

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a solubilidade dos micronutrientes cobre, níquel e zinco, extraídos quimicamente de agrominerais silicáticos, como fonte alternativa de potássio para as culturas de alface (Lactuca sativa) e arroz (Oryza sativa), bem como sua disponibilidade para as plantas. Avaliaram-se os teores de micronutrientes de cinco agrominerais (ultramáfica alcalina, biotita xisto, brecha vulcânica, flogopita xisto e subproduto de mineração de Chapada), após extração pelos métodos ácido cítrico, ácido clorídrico, ácido dietilenotriamino penta-acético, 3051A, citrato neutro de amônio e Mehlich 3. Os agrominerais, nas doses de 0 (controle), 200, 400 e 600 kg ha-1 de K, foram misturados em solo com cultivo de alface e arroz. Os agrominerais apresentaram baixa solubilidade de Ni, Cu e Zn, com menores teores em folhas de alface e grãos de arroz que o padrão solúvel correspondente na forma de sulfato. A disponibilidade de micronutrientes para as plantas aumentou com uso dos agrominerais, em comparação ao controle. Foram observadas similaridades na solubilidade e na disponibilidade de micronutrientes entre os diferentes grupos de agrominerais. A solubilidade e a disponibilidade de Cu, Ni e Zn dependem da solubilidade dos minerais que compõem os agrominerais.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the solubility of the micronutrients copper, nickel, and zinc, chemically extracted from silicate agrominerals, as alternative sources of potassium for lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and rice (Oryza sativa) cultures, as well as their availability to the plants. The micronutrient contents of five agrominerals (alkaline ultramafic, biotite schist, volcanic breccia, phlogopite schist, and mining by-product from Chapada) were evaluated, after being extracted by the citric acid, hydrochloric acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, 3051A, neutral ammonium citrate, and Mehlich-3 methods. The agrominerals, at the doses of 0 (control), 200, 400, and 600 kg ha-1 K, were mixed to soil where lettuce and rice were cultivated. The agrominerals presented a low solubility of Ni, Cu, and Zn, with lower contents in lettuce shoots and rice grains than the corresponding soluble standards in sulfate form. The availability of micronutrients to the plants increased with the use of agrominerals, in comparison with the control. Similarities were observed in micronutrient solubility and availability between the different groups of agrominerals. The solubility and availability of Cu, Ni, and Zn depend on the solubility of the minerals that compose the agrominerals.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2020.v55.00807 1605 downloads

15.

A Kunitz-type peptide from Dendroaspis polylepis venom as a simultaneous inhibitor of serine and cysteine proteases
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Kodama, Roberto Tadashi

; Kuniyoshi, Alexandre Kazuo

; Silva, Cristiane Castilho Fernandes da

; Cajado-Carvalho, Daniela

; Duzzi, Bruno

; Mariano, Douglas Ceolin

; Pimenta, Daniel C.

; Borges, Rafael

; Silva, Wilmar Dias da

; Portaro, Fernanda Calheta Vieira

Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases

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2020, Volume 26 elocation e20200037

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Proteases play an important role for the proper physiological functions of the most diverse organisms. When unregulated, they are associated with several pathologies. Therefore, proteases have become potential therapeutic targets regarding the search for inhibitors. Snake venoms are complex mixtures of molecules that can feature a variety of functions, including peptidase inhibition. Considering this, the present study reports the purification and characterization of a Kunitz-type peptide present in the Dendroaspis polylepis venom as a simultaneous inhibitor of elastase-1 and cathepsin L. Methods: The low molecular weight pool from D. polylepis venom was fractionated in reverse phase HPLC and all peaks were tested in fluorimetric assays. The selected fraction that presented inhibitory activity over both proteases was submitted to mass spectrometry analysis, and the obtained sequence was determined as a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor homolog dendrotoxin I. The molecular docking of the Kunitz peptide on the elastase was carried out in the program Z-DOCK, and the program RosettaDock was used to add hydrogens to the models, which were re-ranked using ZRANK program. Results: The fraction containing the Kunitz molecule presented similar inhibition of both elastase-1 and cathepsin L. This Kunitz-type peptide was characterized as an uncompetitive inhibitor for elastase-1, presenting an inhibition constant (Ki) of 8 μM. The docking analysis led us to synthesize two peptides: PEP1, which was substrate for both elastase-1 and cathepsin L, and PEP2, a 30-mer cyclic peptide, which showed to be a cathepsin L competitive inhibitor, with a Ki of 1.96 µM, and an elastase-1 substrate. Conclusion: This work describes a Kunitz-type peptide toxin presenting inhibitory potential over serine and cysteine proteases, and this could contribute to further understand the envenomation process by D. polylepis. In addition, the PEP2 inhibits the cathepsin L activity with a low inhibition constant.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2020-0037 697 downloads

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