The Brazilian Cerrado biome is considered one of the 25 hotspots worldwide that contain bioactive compounds due to its great biodiversity; however, the reduction of its native area over time due to the expansion of urbanization and agribusiness may have compromised knowledge of its biological variety. In this context, knowledge about Cerrado species can contribute to its biodiversity preservation. This study aims to describe the isolation, molecular architecture and theoretical calculations of the compound (3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5 ethyl -6-methylheptan-2 yl]-10,13 dimethyl 2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3 ol, extracted from the Brazilian Cerrado Miconia burchellii plant. The supramolecular arrangement was described by Hirshfeld surface analysis, demonstrating the intermolecular interactions in the crystalline packing. The structure-property relationship shows the electrostatic potential map analysis, which reveals that the oxygen region is susceptible to electrophilic attack, and the frontier molecular orbital confirmed the kinetic stability of this compound. This study represents another step forward in the knowledge of compounds with pharmacological and medicinal properties extracted from the Cerrado.

RESUMO Objetivou-se com este estudo estimar a evapotranspiração da bananeira (Musa spp.) num perímetro irrigado do município de Barbalha, CE, utilizando o modelo Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) e comparar estes resultados com os estimados através do Método de Penman-Monteith. Foram utilizadas imagens de satélite Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS dos dias 22/05/2016, 10/08/2016 e 29/10/2016 e os dados de temperatura, umidade relativa do ar, velocidade do vento e irradiância solar, obtidos de uma estação meteorológica automática, instalada próxima da área experimental. Foi feito o empilhamento das bandas e o recorte das imagens empilhadas, em seguida, realizaram-se as operações matemáticas e a estimativa da evapotranspiração, cujos valores reais diários da bananeira, estimados pelo algoritmo SEBAL foram de 4,70; 5,00 e 6,50 mm, respectivamente, para os dias 22/05/2016, 10/08/2016 e 29/10/2016. Comparando a ETr diária dada pelo SEBAL com a obtida pelo método de Penman-Monteith, observaram-se erros absolutos de 0,26; 0,44 e 0, 64 mm d-1 para os dias 22/05/2016, 10/08/2016 e 29/10/2016, respectivamente. Estes erros estão dentro dos intervalos aceitos na literatura.

ABSTRACT The study aimed to estimate the evapotranspiration of banana (Musa spp.) in an irrigated perimeter of the municipality of Barbalha, CE, Brazil, using the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) model and to compare these results with those estimated using the Penman-Monteith method. Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS satellite images of May 22, 2016, August 10, 2016, and October 29, 2016 and data on temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and solar irradiance, obtained from an automatic weather station, installed close to the experimental area were used. The bands were stacked, and the stacked images were cut, then mathematical operations and evapotranspiration estimation were performed, whose actual daily banana values, estimated by the SEBAL algorithm, were 4.70; 5.00 and 6.50 mm, respectively, for May 22, August 10, and October 29, 2016. Comparing the daily ETr given by SEBAL with that obtained by the Penman-Monteith method, absolute errors of 0.26, 0.44, and 0.64 mm d-1 were observed for May 22, August 10, and October 29, 2016, respectively. These errors are within the ranges accepted in the literature.

This work aims to investigate the energy-related characteristics of apple bagasse, orange bagasse and cashew-apple bagasse to identify their potential as bioenergy feedstocks. For this, a detailed characterization was performed, including proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, atomic molar ratio, heating values, chemical composition, bulk density, bioenergy density, fuel-value-index (FVI), fossil fuel equivalence and potential CO2 retention. Proximate composition revealed moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon and ash contents in the range of 7.8-9.3%, 67.1-74.2%, 16.2-22.0% and 1.6-5.7%, respectively. Typical values for carbon (44.8-49.9 wt.%), hydrogen (5.5-6.6 wt.%) and oxygen (40.1-44.2 wt.%), with low sulfur (< 0.1 wt.%) and nitrogen (< 2.7 wt.%) contents were found. In regard to bulk density (237.7-554 kg m−3) and bioenergy density (3.93-10.1 GJ m−3), juice processing residues have substantial values when compared with well-known lignocellulosic residues. Recoverable energy potential from the juice processing residues varied from 15.24 to 17.03 MJ kg−1. From FVI analysis, apple bagasse is expected to be more suitable for thermochemical processing. Orange bagasse, on the other hand, has the highest equivalent in fossil fuel volume. Consequently, its use as solid fuel may lead to a decrease in CO2 emissions from reference fuels.

Este estudo descreve a primeira investigação de anticorpos para arbovírus em primatas não humanos do Novo Mundo no nordeste brasileiro. No período de março de 2008 a setembro de 2010 foram colhidos soros sanguíneos de 31 macacos-prego-galegos (Cebus flavius) de vida livre na Paraíba e de 100 macacos-prego (Cebus libidinosus) em cativeiro nos estados de Alagoas, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí e Rio Grande do Norte. Para a pesquisa de anticorpos utilizou-se o teste de inibição da hemaglutinação (IH), usando antígenos de 19 diferentes tipos de arbovírus, pertencentes aos gêneros Flavivirus,Alphavirus e Bunyavirus. As amostras de soro foram testadas nas diluições de 1:20 a 1:1280. Dentre as amostras examinadas, todas as de C. flavius foram negativas e 46% das de C. libidinosus em cativeiro apresentaram anticorpos para arbovírus. Foram detectados anticorpos para nove (9/19) arbovírus. Foram observadas 17 reações heterotípicas, para dois ou mais vírus, do gênero Flavivirus, e 15 para o gênero Alphavirus, com títulos variando de 1:20 a 1:1280. Quinze amostras apresentaram reação monotípica para ILHV (n=4), MAYV (n=6), SLEV (n=1), ROCV (n=2), OROV (n=1) e MUCV (n=1). Estes resultados sugerem que houve intensa circulação de arbovírus na população estudada de macacos-prego em cativeiro.

This paper describes the first investigation of arbovirus antibodies on New World non-human primates from Northeast Brazil. From March 2008 to September 2010 blood serum samples were collected from 31 wild blond capuchin monkeys (Cebus flavius) from Paraíba and 100 captive capuchin monkeys from Alagoas, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí and Rio Grande do Norte. The haemagglutination-inhibition test (HI) was employed for 19 arbovirus of the Flavivirus,Alphavirus and Bunyavirus genus. Serum samples were tested from 1:20 to 1:1280 dilutions. Among the primates tested all C. flavius were negative and 46% C. libidinosus presented antibodies to arbovirus. Antibodies were detected for nine arbovirus (9/19). Seventeen heterotypic reactions were observed for at least two Or Flavirus and 15 for Alphavirus, at titers varying between 1:20 to 1:1280. Fifteen samples presented monotypic reaction for ILHV (n=4), MAYV (n=6), SLEV (n=1), ROCV (n=2), OROV (n=1) and MUCV (n=1). These results suggest that there was an intense arbovirus circulation in the studied population of captive capuchin monkeys.

CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: Rigidez passiva adequada do quadril pode impedir movimentos excessivos dos membros inferiores no plano transverso durante a realização de atividades funcionais. O fortalecimento muscular dos rotadores laterais do quadril poderia ser utilizado na tentativa de aumentar a rigidez dessa articulação. No entanto, a relação entre rigidez passiva e força dos músculos do quadril não está documentada na literatura. OBJETIVO: Investigar a associação entre rigidez passiva do quadril durante o movimento de rotação medial e torque concêntrico dos rotadores laterais dessa articulação em indivíduos saudáveis. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 26 indivíduos com média de idade de 24,42±2,77 anos. Para quantificação da rigidez passiva do quadril, o torque passivo de resistência durante a rotação medial dessa articulação foi mensurado por um dinamômetro isocinético. A rigidez foi determinada como a inclinação média da curva de torque passivo obtida nos primeiros 20° do movimento. Eletromiografia foi utilizada para verificar o repouso dos músculos do quadril durante esse procedimento. O dinamômetro isocinético também foi utilizado para avaliação do pico de torque e trabalho máximo dos rotadores laterais do quadril em uma amplitude de 55° de rotação. RESULTADOS: Regressões lineares demonstraram coeficientes de correlação r=0,70 (R²=0,50/p<0,001) e r=0,77 (R²=0,59/p<0,001) entre rigidez do quadril e as medidas de pico de torque e trabalho muscular dos rotadores laterais, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: Existe associação de moderada a boa entre rigidez passiva do quadril e torque concêntrico dos rotadores laterais dessa articulação. A associação demonstrada sugere que o fortalecimento dos rotadores laterais pode ser eficaz em aumentar a rigidez do quadril.

BACKGROUND: Adequate passive stiffness of the hip joint can prevent the occurrence of excessive transverse plane lower limb movement during functional activities. Strength training of the hip lateral rotator muscles can be used to increase the stiffness of this joint. However, the relationship between hip joint passive stiffness and muscle strength remains undocumented in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between hip passive stiffness measured during medial rotation and hip lateral rotator concentric torque in healthy young adults. METHOD: Twenty-six individuals with mean age of 24.42±2.77 years participated in the present study. To quantify hip stiffness, the passive resistance torque during medial rotation was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. Stiffness was determined by the mean slope of the passive torque curve obtained in the first 20° of motion. Electromyography was used to ensure inactivity of the hip muscles during this procedure. The isokinetic dynamometer was also used for assessment of hip lateral rotator peak torque and work in a range of motion of 55° of rotation. RESULTS: Linear regressions demonstrated correlation coefficients of r=0.70 (R²=0.50/p<0.001) and r=0.77 (R²=0.59/p<0.001) between hip passive stiffness and the measures of lateral rotator peak torque and work, respectively. Conclusions: There is a moderate to good association between hip passive stiffness and lateral rotator concentric torque. This association suggests that lateral rotator strength training can increase hip stiffness.

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar índices de crescimento, fisiológicos e de produção, de quatro híbridos de meloeiros cultivados com e sem cobertura do solo e três freqüências de irrigação. Utilizaram-se dois experimentos conduzidos no período de junho a setembro de 2001, em Mossoró, RN. Num se cultivou usando solo nu e noutro, usando cobertura com filme de polietileno. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos completos casualizados com duas repetições por bloco. Utilizaram-se três freqüências de irrigação, com cada uma aplicada num bloco experimental. Estudaram-se os híbridos de melão cantaloupe, denominados PX3912947 (H1), Vera cruz (H2), Trusty (H3) e Torreon (H4). Maior área foliar foi obtida nos híbridos H1 e H2, independente da cobertura e freqüência de irrigação. No sistema de plantio com cobertura do solo, a cultura do meloeiro aumentou o peso seco da parte vegetativa sem os frutos e suportou turno de regas maiores. Os híbridos H2 e H4 obtiveram, juntos, maior taxa de crescimento absoluto no solo descoberto, enquanto apenas o híbrido H4 alcançou maior taxa de crescimento relativo, neste solo. Os híbridos H1 e H3 produziram frutos grandes fora do padrão. A cobertura do solo proporcionou maior produtividade e peso médio dos frutos.

The objective of this study was to evaluate growth, physiologic and production indices of four hybrids of melon crop cultivated with and without soil covering and three irrigation frequencies. Two experiments were conducted during the period of June to September, 2001, in Mossoró, RN, using soil with and without a covering of polyethylene film. The experimental design was in completely randomized blocks with two repetitions per block. Three irrigation frequencies were used, with each one applied in an experimental block. The hybrids of melon cantaloupe, denominated PX3912947 (H1), Vera Cruz (H2), Trusty (H3) and Torreon (H4) were studied. Larger foliar area was obtained in the hybrids H1 and H2, independent of soil covering and irrigation frequency. In the planting system with soil covering, the melon crop increased the dry weight of aerial parts without fruits and tolerated higher irrigation frequencies. The hybrids H2 and H4 presented higher rates of absolute growth in bare soil, while the hybrid H4 reached a higher relative growth rate in this soil. The hybrids H1 and H3 produced large fruits beyond the standard. The covering of soil resulted in higher productivity and greater mean weight of fruits.

Raman spectroscopy has been used to get some insight into the chemical composition and structure of magnetic fluids based on ferrites. The inner as well as the surface structure of Fe-maghemite and Zn-maghemite have characterized by Raman spectroscopy. It has been shown that different chemical species are present on the maghemite surface by changing the laser excitation energy. Maghemites modified by the adsorption of aspartic and glutamic acids as well as those modified by the adsorption of methylene blue(MB) have also been investigated by Raman spectroscopy. It has been shown that while FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy gives almost no information regarding to the surface species, Raman spectroscopy in and off resonance gives suitable information regarding to the adsorbate structure and bonding. The Raman spectroscopy study of the modified maghemites have shown that the organic acids adsorb on the maghemite surfarce as glutamate and aspartate chemically bounded to Fe(III) ions on the maghemite surface, and that MB, a cation, adsorbs on the maghemite surface as a monomer by ion pair formation with coadsorbed nitrate.