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1.
The SISBIOTA-Diptera Brazilian Network: A long-term survey of Diptera from unexplored Brazilian Western Arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal
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Lamas, Carlos José Einicker
; Fachin, Diego Aguilar
; Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes
; Alcantara, Daniel Máximo Correa de
; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly
; Amorim, Dalton de Souza
; Araújo, Maíra Xavier
; Ascendino, Sharlene
; Baldassio, Letícia
; Bellodi, Carolina Ferraz
; Bravo, Freddy
; Calhau, Julia
; Capellari, Renato Soares
; Carmo-Neto, Antonio Marcelino do
; Cegolin, Bianca Melo
; Couri, Márcia Souto
; Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de
; Dios, Rodrigo de Vilhena Perez
; Falcon, Aida Vanessa Gomez
; Fusari, Livia Maria
; Garcia, Carolina de Almeida
; Gil-Azevedo, Leonardo Henrique
; Gomes, Marina Morim
; Graciolli, Gustavo
; Gudin, Filipe Macedo
; Henriques, Augusto Loureiro
; Krolow, Tiago Kütter
; Mendes, Luanna Layla
; Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco
; Maia, Valéria Cid
; Marinoni, Luciane
; Mello, Ramon Luciano
; Mello-Patiu, Cátia Antunes de
; Morales, Mírian Nunes
; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira
; Patiu, Claudemir
; Proença, Barbara
; Pujol-Luz, Cristiane Vieira de Assis
; Pujol-Luz, José Roberto
; Rafael, José Albertino
; Riccardi, Paula Raile
; Rodrigues, João Paulo Vinicios
; Roque, Fabio de Oliveira
; Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb
; Santis, Marcelo Domingos de
; Santos, Charles Morphy Dias dos
; Santos, Josenilson Rodrigues dos
; Savaris, Marcoandre
; Shimabukuro, Paloma Helena Fernandes
; Silva, Vera Cristina
; Schelesky-Prado, Daniel de Castro
; Silva-Neto, Alberto Moreira da
; Camargo, Alexssandro
; Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues de
; Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia
; Wiedenbrug, Sofia
; Yamaguchi, Carolina
; Nihei, Silvio Shigueo
.
ABSTRACT The SISBIOTA-BRASIL was a three-year multimillion-dollar research program of the Brazilian government to document plants and animals in endangered/understudied areas and biomes in Brazil. Distributional patterns and the historical events that generated them are extensively unknown regarding Brazilian fauna and flora. This deficiency hinders the development of conservation policies and the understanding of evolutionary processes. Conservation decisions depend on precise knowledge of the taxonomy and geographic distribution of species. Given such a premise, we proposed to research the diversity of Diptera of the Brazilian western arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rondônia. Three important biomes of the South American continent characterize these Brazilian states: Amazon forest, Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah), and Pantanal. Besides their ecological relevance, these biomes historically lack intensive entomological surveys. Therefore, they are much underrepresented in the Brazilian natural history collections and in the scientific literature, which is further aggravated by the fact that these areas are being exponentially and rapidly converted to commercial lands. Our project involved over 90 collaborators from 24 different Brazilian institutions and one from Colombia among researchers, postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students, and technicians. We processed and analyzed nearly 300,000 specimens from ~60 families of Diptera collected with a large variety of methods in the sampled areas. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the genera and species diversity of 41 families treated. Our results point to a total of 2,130 species and 514 genera compiled and identified for the three states altogether, with an increase of 41% and 29% in the numbers of species and genera known for the three states combined, respectively. Overall, the 10 most species-rich families were Tachinidae, Cecidomyiidae, Tabanidae, Psychodidae, Sarcophagidae, Stratiomyidae, Bombyliidae, Syrphidae, Tephritidae, and Asilidae. The 10 most diverse in the number of genera were Tachinidae, Stratiomyidae, Asilidae, Mycetophilidae, Syrphidae, Tabanidae, Muscidae, Dolichopodidae, Sarcophagidae, and Chloropidae. So far, 111 scientific papers were published regarding taxonomic, phylogenetic, and biogeographical aspects of the studied families, with the description of 101 new species and three new genera. We expect that additional publications will result from this investigation because several specimens are now curated and being researched by specialists.
2.
Chemical profile colostrum, quality refrigerated and frozen milk of santa inês sheep
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Silva, João Antônio Gonçalves e
; Silveira, Mariana da Mata
; Leão, Paulo Victor Toledo
; Cunha, João Vitor Teixeira da
; Dias, Mariana Borges de Castro
; Lima, Maria Siqueira de
; Carmo, Ruthele Moraes do
; Leão, Karen Martins
; Bento, Elis Aparecido
; Nicolau, Edmar Soares
; Silva, Marco Antônio Pereira da
.
RESUMO: Avaliou-se a composição química do colostro de ovinos Santa Inês, leite refrigerado (zero a 240 horas) e leite congelado por até 70 dias. Os resultados de composição química (gordura, proteína, caseína, lactose, extrato seco total e desengordurado) e contagem de células somáticas do colostro (CCS) foram apresentados de forma descritiva. Os resultados da composição química, CCS e da contagem bacteriana total (CBT) do leite refrigerado e congelado foram avaliados em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. As repetições foram os dias de coleta do leite e os tratamentos os tempos em que o leite foi refrigerado e congelado. A comparação das médias de qualidade do leite resfriado e congelado foi realizada pelo teste de Tukey, com probabilidade de 5,0 %. O colostro de ovinos Santa Inês apresentou alto teor de proteína e gordura, demonstrando ser uma grande fonte de nutrientes para a nutrição de cordeiros. O leite de ovelha Santa Inês pode ser armazenado sob refrigeração por até 240 horas sem alterações da composição química. O leite congelado de ovelhas Santa Inês pode ser armazenado por até 70 dias, contudo ocorre alteração da composição química, principalmente nos teores de gordura. A refrigeração e o congelamento são alternativas que agregam valor ao leite de ovelhas Santa Inês, porém, mais estudos com estes métodos de preservação, são necessários para maior garantia de qualidade.
ABSTRACT: The chemical composition of Santa Inês sheep colostrum was evaluated, as well as chilled milk (zero to 240 hours) and frozen milk for up to 70 days. Results of chemical composition (fat, protein, casein, lactose, total and degreased dry extract) and colostrum somatic cell count (SCC) were presented descriptively. The results of chemical composition and SCC and total bacterial count (TBC) of chilled and frozen milk were evaluated in a completely randomized design, the repetition of milk collection days and the treatments of the times when the milk was chilled and frozen. The comparison of the quality averages of chilled and frozen milk was performed by Tukey test, with a probability of 5.0 %. Santa Inês sheep colostrum showed high protein and fat content, demonstrating a high source of nutrients for lamb nutrition. Santa Inês sheep’s milk can be stored for up to 240 hours without changes in chemical quality. Frozen milk from Santa Inês ewes for up to 70 days minus fat content; however, this form of milk preservation is viable. Refrigeration and freezing are alternatives that add value to the milk of Santa Inês ewes, but studies with previous preservation methods are necessary for greater quality assurance.
3.
Phosphorus Concentrations and Stocks in Different Soil Classes, Uses and Coverages in Agreste Pernambucano, Brazil
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Luna, Igor Revelles Gomes
; Corrêa, Marcus Metri
; Primo, Dário Costa
; Rolim Neto, Fernando Cartaxo
; Silva, João Paulo Siqueira da
; Menezes, Rômulo Simões Cezar
; Santos, João Paulo de Oliveira
.
Resumen Los cambios en el uso del suelo provocan un mosaico de áreas en el paisaje con diferentes usos y coberturas. Esta condición compromete las reservas de nutrientes del suelo, especialmente el fósforo (P). En ese sentido, este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar las concentraciones de fósforo extraíble y total en 04 clases de suelo (Argisol Amarillo, Neosol Litólico, Entisol y Planosol), 04 usos y coberturas del suelo (Caatinga Nativa Abierta, Caatinga Nativa Densa, Agricultura y Pastos), en 04 profundidades (0-10, 10-20, 20-30 y 30-40 cm). Para determinar el P extraíble se utilizó el Mehlich 1 y la lectura colorimétrica. El fósforo total se determinó por digestión de azufre y colorimetría. Los resultados de las concentraciones de P extraíble y total fueron mayores para las clases Argisol y Planosol. Se observó que hubo reducciones en las concentraciones de P extraíble entre las capas del suelo a medida que se profundizaba el perfil del suelo. Las profundidades entre 0 y 20 cm generalmente mostraron concentraciones más altas de fósforo extraíble y total en la agricultura. Entre las cuatro clases de suelo estudiadas, los valores promedio más altos de existencias de P extraíble y total se presentaron en los Neosoles y Planosoles Litólicos, principalmente debido al uso agrícola. La deficiencia de P ha sido un factor limitante para la productividad agrícola y, especialmente en la región de Agreste de Pernambuco, donde las principales clases de suelo con cobertura natural tienen niveles bajos de P disponible y total.
Abstract Changes in land use cause a mosaic of areas in the landscape with different uses and coverage. This condition compromises soil nutrient stocks, especially phosphorus (P). In this sense, this study aimed to determine the concentrations of extractable and total phosphorus in 04 soil classes (Yellow Argisol, Litholic Neosol, Entisol and Planosol), 04 uses and covers (Open Native Caatinga, Dense Native Caatinga, Agriculture and Pasture) of the soil, in 04 depths (0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 cm). To determine the extractable P, the Mehlich 1 and colorimetric reading were used. Total phosphorus was determined by sulfur digestion and colorimetry. The results of extractable and total P concentrations were higher for the Argisol and Planosol classes. It was observed that there were reductions in extractable P concentrations between the soil layers as the soil profile deepened. Depths between 0-20 cm generally showed higher concentrations of extractable and total phosphorus in agriculture. Among the four soil classes studied, the highest average values of extractable and total P stocks occurred in Litholic Neosols and Planosols, mainly due to agricultural use. P deficiency has been a limiting factor to agricultural productivity and, especially in the Agreste region of Pernambuco, where the main soil classes under natural cover have low levels of available and total P.
https://doi.org/10.14350/rig.60477
24 downloads
4.
Imazapic interaction and mobility in soil cultivated with sugarcane in northeast Brazil
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Assis, Fernando Xavier de
; Maciel Netto, André
; Xavier, Bruno Toríbio de Lima
; Lima, Valmir Felix de
; Silva, João Paulo Siqueira da
.
RESUMO Na plantação de cana-de-açúcar, o Imazapic tem sido usado em pré ou pós-emergência, isoladamente ou em combinação com outros herbicidas. Quando aplicado ao solo em pré-emergência, o Imazapic pode sofrer os processos de sorção, lixiviação e/ou degradação por efeitos físicos, químicos e biológicos, além de ser absorvido por plantas daninhas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a interação e mobilidade do herbicida Imazapic no solo onde foram utilizadas colunas de solo com um Argissolo Amarelo distrófico (YUd) e um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico (RYOd) do Nordeste do Brasil. O maior potencial de adsorção do RYOd está associado ao maior teor de argila, maiores concentrações de Fed e Feo e pH ácido do solo. O modelo CDE - 2 de dois sítios de sorção representou adequadamente os dados experimentais das curvas de eluição do Imazapic para os solos RYOd e YUd. A partir dos coeficientes de partição Kd para RYOd e YUd, altos valores do índice GUS (5,94 e 7,04, respectivamente) foram calculados, confirmando o alto potencial de lixiviação da molécula Imazapic nesses solos.
ABSTRACT In the plantation of sugarcane, Imazapic has used pre- or post-emergence, alone or in combination with other herbicides. When applied to the soil in pre-emergence, Imazapic can undergo the sorption, leaching and/or degradation processes due to physical, chemical and biological effects, besides being absorbed by weeds. The objective of this work was to evaluate the interaction and mobility of the Imazapic herbicide in the soil where the soil columns with a dystrophic Yellow Ultisol (YUd) and a dystrophic Red-Yellow Oxisol (RYOd) from northeastern Brazil were used. The higher adsorption potential of the RYOd is associated with higher clay content, higher Fed and Feo concentrations, and soil acidic pH. The CDE – 2 sorption sites model adequately represented the experimental data from the Imazapic breakthrough curves to the RYOd and YUd soils. From the Kd partition coefficients for RYOd and YUd, high values of the GUS index (5.94 and 7.04, respectively) were calculated, confirming the high leaching potential of the Imazapic molecule in these soils.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.262120210007
170 downloads
5.
Unusual case of lagochilascariasis with breast involvement: the first case report in pregnancy
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Assy, João Guilherme Pontes de Lima
; Esper, Helena Rangel
; Quiroga, Mariana Margarita Martinez
; Brandão, Alisson dos Santos
; Said, Renato do Carmo
; Pinheiro, Olívia Campos
; Ribeiro, Adriana Paulino da Silva
; Santo, Maria Cristina Carvalho do Espírito
; França, Francisco Oscar de Siqueira
.
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
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ABSTRACT Lagochilascariasis is a neglected neotropical helminthiasis, responsible for human infections through the ingestion of raw or undercooked meat from wild animals infected by larvae encysted in their tissues. It is characterized by a chronic evolution with periods of remission and recurrences, affecting mainly the head and neck regions. It can progress to death by invasion of the central nervous system. It is caused by the Lagochilascaris minor nematode, first described in 1909 and mainly found in the Brazilian Amazon ecosystem, notably in Para State. In May 2010, a 15-year-old female, born in the city of Aveiro, Para State, was hospitalized in the city of Santarem, Para State, presenting with cervical and spinal abscesses and osteolytic lesions at T3-T5 level. During hospitalization, white larvae identified as L. minor were observed in a cervical subcutaneous fistula. After the surgical drainage of abscesses, albendazole 400 mg/day was started, with improvement of symptoms. The patient abandoned the follow-up and in January 2016, during the 20th week of pregnancy, she was readmitted to the Santarem Municipal Hospital with new cervical abscesses in the infra-mammary region, with numerous larvae exiting by subcutaneous left breast fistulas. The antiparasitic treatment was restarted due to possible reactivation of the infection in the spine and dissemination to the central nervous system. Ten weeks after hospital discharge, the patient had resolution of the fistulas and decreased abscesses, without gestational complications. This is the first case report of lagochilascariasis during pregnancy, as well as of involvement of mammary glands.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202062086
528 downloads
6.
Detection of Drug Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Strains Using Kit SIRE Nitratase®: a Multicenter Study
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Miranda, Silvana Spindola de
; Almeida, Isabela Neves de
; Mansur, Maria de Fátima Filardi Oliveira
; Figueredo, Lida Jouca de Assis
; Carvalho, Wânia da Silva
; Hadaad, João Paulo Amaral
; Diniz, Jaciara de Lourdes do Carmo Guimarães
; Groll, Andrea von
; Silva, Pedro Almeida da
; Lopes, Maria Luiza
; Santos, Marcelo Cordeiro dos
; Brito, Alexandra
; Mello, Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz
; Malaquias, Thiago da Silva Santos
; Croda, Julio
; Pinhata, Juliana Maira Watanabe
; Oliveira, Rosângela Siqueira de
; Chimara, Erica
; Rossetti, Maria Lúcia
; Halon, Maria Laura
; Lourenço, Maria Cristina
; Medeiros, Reginalda Ferreira de Melo
; Montes, Fátima Cristina Onofre Fandinho
; Machado, Diana
; Viveiros, Miguel
; Kritski, Afrânio Lineu
.
Abstract (1) Background: The Commercial Kit SIRE Nitratase® PlastLabor, is a drug susceptibility test kit used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to first-line TB treatment drugs. The present study aimed at evaluating its performance in a multicenter study. (2) Methods: To determine its accuracy, the proportion methods in Lowenstein Jensen medium or the BACTECTMMGITTM960 system was used as a gold standard. (3) Results: The study revealed that the respective accuracies of the kit with 190 M. tuberculosis clinical isolates, using the proportion methods in Lowenstein Jensen medium or BACTECTMMGITTM960 system as a gold standard, were 93.9% and 94.6%, 96.9% and 94.6%, 98.0% and 97.8%, and 98.0% and 98.9%, for streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol, respectively. (4) Conclusion: Thus, the kit can rapidly screen resistance to streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol. Additionally, it does not require sophisticated equipment; hence, it can be easily used in the laboratories of low and middle income countries.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2020190179
905 downloads
7.
Concentrations of major and trace elements in the soils, edible parts of crops and urine of farmers in agroecological communities
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Silva, João Paulo Siqueira da
; Nascimento, Clístenes Williams Araújo do
; Nascimento, Alexsandra Xavier do
; Silva, Yuri Jacques Bezerra da
; Biondi, Caroline Miranda
.
ABSTRACT. The relationship between soil and health is important for populations that depend on the local environment to meet their nutritional needs. This study aimed to evaluate the concentrations of major and trace elements in the soils, edible parts of crops and urine of farmers in agroecological communities. We collected samples of soil, edible parts of crops and urine of farmers and family members in 23 crop fields in agroecological communities from northeast Brazil. These samples were analyzed to concentrations of Al, As, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Zn, and Pb in urine and discriminant analysis and principal component analysis were used to assess the data. Concentrations of potentially toxic elements in soils and crops of agroecosystems were below regulatory levels. Farmers living in agroecological communities present most of the essential and toxic elements in urine within the reference ranges. In general, results showed that urinary concentration of toxic elements among farmers and their families were below allowable limits, which may be due to the agroecological practices.
https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v41i1.42623
997 downloads
8.
Fish by-product meal in diets for commercial laying hens
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Silva, André Ferreira
; Cruz, Frank George Guimarães
; Rufino, João Paulo Ferreira
; Miller, Waldo Mateus Plácido
; Flor, Nathália Siqueira
; Assante, Rafael Torres
.
RESUMO. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a inclusão de níveis crescentes (0, 1, 2 3 e 4%) de farinha de resíduo de pescado na dieta de poedeiras comerciais leves sobre o desempenho, qualidade do ovo e análise econômica. Foram utilizadas 160 poedeiras da linhagem Dekalb White com 52 semanas de idade. O experimento teve duração de 84 dias divididos em quatro períodos de 21 dias. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos contendo quatro repetições de oito aves cada. As estimativas dos níveis de farinha de resíduo de pescado foram determinadas por meio de regressão polinomial. Foram observadas diferenças (p < 0,05) em todas as variáveis de desempenho, no peso do ovo, percentagem de gema e albúmen, altura de gema e albúmen, custo alimentar e custo de produção, onde a inclusão de farinha do resíduo de pescado proporcionou melhores resultados. Concluiu-se que a farinha de resíduo de pescado pode ser utilizada como alimento alternativo em rações para poedeiras comerciais leves, proporcionando melhora na produção de ovos, conversão alimentar, peso do ovo, relação gema-albúmen, redução no custo alimentar e no custo de produção.
ABSTRACT. This study aimed to evaluate the increasing levels (0, 1, 2, 3 e 4%) of fish by-product meal in diets for laying hens on performance, egg quality and economic analysis. A total of 16052-wk-old Dekalb White hens were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replicates of eight birds each. The experiment lasted 84 days divided into four periods of 21 days. Estimates of fish by-product meal levels were determined by polynomial regression. Differences (p < 0.05) were detected for all variables of performance, in egg weight, yolk and albumen percentage, yolk and albumen height, feed cost and production cost, in which the inclusion of fish by-product meal in the diets showed better results. It can be concluded that fish by-product meal can be used in diets for hens as alternative feed, with better results in egg production, feed conversion, egg weight, yolk-albumen ratio and a reduction in feed cost and production cost.
https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v39i3.34102
1109 downloads
9.
Estrutura e sucessão ecológica de uma comunidade florestal urbana no sul do Espírito Santo
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Silva, Wiane Meloni
; Zorzanelli, João Paulo Fernandes
; Moreau, Julia Siqueira
; Abreu, Karla Maria Pedra de
; Kunz, Sustanis Horn
.
Resumo Comunidades florestais são ambientes dinâmicos, nas quais processos de sucessão ocorrem naturalmente, podendo conduzir à maturidade da floresta. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a estrutura do componente arbustivo-arbóreo de um fragmento de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual e caracterizar o seu estágio sucessional. O estudo foi realizado no município de Alegre, Espírito Santo, na ARIE Laerth Paiva Gama. A amostragem de todos os indivíduos com DAP ≥ 5 cm foi realizada por meio de pontos-quadrantes. Além dos parâmetros ecológicos foi obtida a estrutura diamétrica para a comunidade. As espécies foram classificadas quanto ao grupo ecológico em pioneiras, secundárias iniciais e secundárias tardias, e quanto ao grau de ameaça de extinção. Foram registradas 112 espécies, 81 gêneros e 34 famílias, das quais se destacaram em Valor de Importância Pseudopiptadenia contorta (15,33), Apuleia leiocarpa (5,08), Acosmium lentiscifolium (4,42) e Parapiptadenia pterosperma (4,30). O índice de Shannon foi de 4,17 e a equabilidade de 0,87, sendo considerados valores elevados para florestas estacionais semideciduais. Com relação à avaliação dos grupamentos ecológicos, as secundárias tardias e iniciais se destacaram em riqueza, no entanto as iniciais foram mais abundantes na comunidade. Deste modo, o remanescente florestal estudado pode ser caracterizado como pertencente ao estágio sucessional inicial-intermediário.
Abstract Forest communities are dynamic environments in which succession processes occur naturally, may lead to the maturity of the forest. The objective of this study was to evaluate the structure of the woody component of a fragment of semideciduous forest and characterize their successional stage. The study was conducted in the municipality of Alegre, Espirito Santo, in ARIE Laerth Paiva Gama. The sampling of all individuals with DBH ≥ 5 cm was performed by points quadrants. In addition to the ecological parameters it was obtained diameter structure to the community. The species were classified according to environmental group in pioneers, early secondary and late secondary, and the degree of threat of extinction. Were recorded the 112 species, 81 genera and 34 families, of which have excelled in importance value were Pseudopiptadenia contorta (15.33), Apuleia leiocarpa (5.08), Acosmium lentiscifolium (4.42) and Parapiptadenia pterosperma (4.30). The Shannon index was 4.17 and the evenness of 0.87 and are considered high values for semideciduous forests. As to the evaluation of ecological groups, late and early secondary stood out in wealth, however initials were more abundant in the community. Thus, the remaining forest studied can be characterized as belonging to the initial-intermediate stage succession.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201768202
3174 downloads
10.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
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; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
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; Ludtke, Raquel
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; Marquete, Ronaldo
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; Maya-L., Carlos A.
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; Mazine, Fiorella
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; Medeiros, Erika S.
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; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
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; Melo, José I.M.
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; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
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; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
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; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
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; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
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; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
33340 downloads
11.
Endophytic fungi producing of esterases: evaluation in vitro of the enzymatic activity using pH indicator
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Lisboa, Helen Cristina Fávero
; Biasetto, Carolina Rabal
; Medeiros, João Batista de
; Araújo, Ângela Regina
; Silva, Dulce Helena Siqueira
; Teles, Helder Lopes
; Trevisan, Henrique Celso
.
A sensitive and efficient colorimetric method was optimized for detection of esterase enzymes produced by endophytic fungi for development of High-Throughput Screening (HTS). The fungi were isolated and obtained previously from plant species of Cerrado and Atlantic Forest located in areas of environmental preservation in the State of Sao Paulo / Brazil, as part of the project "Chemical and biological prospecting endophytic fungi associated to plant species of Cerrado and Atlantic Forest". The compounds ethyl butyrate, ethyl acetate and methyl propionate were used as standards esters which were hydrolyzed by extracellular enzyme from endophytic fungi (EC. 3.1.1.1 -carboxylesterases) for production of carboxylic acids. Thus, the reduction of the pH increases the protonated indicator concentration (bromothymol blue), changing the color of the reaction medium (from blue to yellow), that can be observed and measured by spectrophotometry at 616 nm. The methodology with acid-base indicator was performed on 13 microorganisms, aiming Periconia atropurpurea asapotential source of esterase for biotransformation of short chain esters. The results also evidenced that this methodology showed to be efficient, fast, cheap, having low consumption of reagents and easy development, and can be applied to screen carboxylic-ester hydrolases in a large number of microorganisms.
2457 downloads
12.
Heavy metals in soils and plants in mango orchards in Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Silva, João Paulo Siqueira da
; Nascimento, Clístenes Williams Araújo do
; Biondi, Caroline Miranda
; Cunha, Karina Patrícia Vieira da
.
O monitoramento dos teores de metais pesados nas áreas com uso intensivo de insumos agrícolas é de grande importância para a sustentabilidade agrícola e para a segurança alimentar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os teores totais de metais pesados em solo e planta em áreas de mangueira com diferentes tempos de cultivo (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 19 e 26 anos), em Petrolina (PE). Foram coletadas amostras de solo nas profundidades de 0-20 e 20-40 cm e de folhas de mangueira na fase vegetativa. Áreas de vegetação nativa (caatinga), adjacentes às áreas cultivadas, foram utilizadas para comparação. As concentrações totais de metais pesados (Cu, Cr, Fe, Zn, Mn, Ni e Pb) foram determinadas em solos e folhas. O cultivo de mangueira proporcionou acúmulo superficial dos metais Cu e Zn e redução dos teores de Ni, Pb, Mn e Fe, tanto em superfície como em subsuperfície. As áreas cultivadas apresentaram contaminação por Cu, Zn e Cr, devendo ser feitos monitoramentos nessas áreas para evitar impactos ambientais. Os diferentes tipos de manejo das empresas no cultivo de manga proporcionaram deficiência e excesso de alguns micronutrientes nas áreas avaliadas. Ferro e Mn, no entanto, supriram a nutrição mineral da mangueira em todas as áreas. A presença de Cr nas folhas de mangueira sugere a necessidade de investigação da ocorrência desse metal nessas áreas cultivadas.
The monitoring of heavy metal concentrations in areas under intensive agriculture is essential for the agricultural sustainability and food safety. This paper evaluates the total contents of heavy metals in soils and mango trees in orchards of different ages (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 19, and 26 years) in Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil. Soil samples were taken from the layers 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm, and mango leaves were collected in the growth stage. Areas of native vegetation (Caatinga) adjacent to the cultivated areas were used for comparison. The total concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Fe, Zn, Mn, Ni, and Pb) were determined in soils and leaves. In general, mango cultivation led to Cu and Zn accumulation in the soil surface and to a reduction in the contents of Ni, Pb, Mn, and Fe in surface and subsurface. Since contamination by Cu, Zn, and Cr was detected, these areas must be monitored to prevent negative environmental impacts. For instance, the presence of Cr in mango tree leaves indicates the need to investigate the source of the element in these orchards. The management strategies of the different companies led to deficiency or excess of some metals in the evaluated areas. However, the Fe and Mn levels were adequate for the mineral nutrition of mango in all areas.
4544 downloads
13.
Você conhece esta síndrome?
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Fantinato, Giovana Tadéia
; Cestari, Silmara da Costa Pereira
; Afonso, João Paulo Junqueira Magalhães
; Sousa, Letícia Siqueira
; Enokihara, Mílvia Maria Simões e Silva
.
28241 downloads
14.
Aromatic compounds from three Brazilian Lauraceae species
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Batista, Andrea Nastri de Luca
; Batista Junior, João Marcos
; López, Silvia Noelí
; Furlan, Maysa
; Cavalheiro, Alberto José
; Silva, Dulce Helena Siqueira
; Bolzani, Vanderlan da Silva
; Nunomura, Sergio Massayoshi
; Yoshida, Massayoshi
.
Phytochemical investigations on three Brazilian Lauraceae species from the Cerrado region of São Paulo State, Ocotea corymbosa (Meins) Mez., O. elegans Mez. and Persea pyrifolia Nees & Mart. ex Nees resulted in the isolation of flavonoids, an ester of the 4-O-E-caffeoylquinic acid, an aromatic sesquiterpene besides furofuran lignans. This is the first chemical study on the leaves of Ocotea elegans and O. corymbosa as well as the first report of non-volatile compounds from Persea pyrifolia.
4562 downloads
15.
Disponibilidade de cádmio e chumbo para milho em solo adubado com fertilizantes fosfatados
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Freitas, Eriberto Vagner de Souza
; Nascimento, Clístenes Williams Araújo do
; Goulart, Daniel Franco
; Silva, João Paulo Siqueira da
.
Fertilizantes fosfatados são utilizados intensamente na agricultura, pois a baixa disponibilidade de P frequentemente limita o rendimento das culturas nas condições brasileiras. Esses fertilizantes, entretanto, constituem uma via de entrada de metais pesados no solo. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o potencial de contaminação do solo por Cd e Pb adicionados por diferentes fertilizantes fosfatados, bem como a absorção destes por plantas de milho. Foram aplicadas cinco doses de diferentes fontes de P: superfosfato simples, superfosfato triplo, fosfato de Araxá, termofosfato de Yoorin e fosfato natural de Gafsa. As doses de P equivaleram a 0, 100, 300, 500 e 800 kg ha-1 de P2O5. Dois cultivos sucessivos com milho foram conduzidos no solo. O fosfato natural de Gafsa apresentou os maiores teores de Cd e Pb. Entre os fertilizantes acidulados, o superfosfato simples apresentou maior teor de Cd e Pb, e o termofosfato, maior concentração de Pb do que os acidulados. A aplicação de fosfato de Gafsa proporcionou as maiores concentrações de Pb na parte aérea do milho no primeiro cultivo. Este fosfato também foi responsável pelo maior teor de Cd nas plantas no segundo cultivo. O ácido cítrico foi mais eficiente em prever os teores disponíveis de Cd, enquanto o DTPA estimou melhor os teores de Pb.
Phosphorus fertilizers are intensively used in Brazil, since the low availability of phosphorus often limits yields in tropical soils. However, these fertilizers can be a entranceway for soil contamination with heavy metals. This study was carried out to investigate heavy metal contamination caused by the application of five different phosphorus fertilizers as well as the metal uptake by corn (Zea mays) plants. The fertilizers simple superphosphate, triple superphosphate, Araxá rock phosphate, Yoorin thermophosphate, and Gafsa rock phosphate were applied at rates of 0, 100, 300, 500 and 800 kg ha-1 P2O5 in two successive corn cycles. The highest Cd and Pb concentrations were found in Gafsa rock phosphate. For the acidulated phosphates, simple superphosphate was the richest in Cd and Pb, while the Pb concentration was highest in Yoorin thermophosphate. Gafsa application induced the highest Pb concentration in corn shoots in the first crop cycle. This fertilizer was also responsible for the highest Cd concentration in plants in the second crop. Citric acid was the most efficient extractant for predicting the available soil Cd contents, whereas DTPA estimated Pb availability best.
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