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ABSTRACT Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora) is the second most produced and commercialized ornamental plant in the world. Measuring leaf area through non-destructive methods is fundamental for studies on its growth and production. The estimation of leaf area by linear dimensions of the leaves can be a strategy for this purpose. The objective of this study was to find allometric equations to estimate the leaf area of chrysanthemum. The linear, linear without intercept, quadratic, cubic, power, and exponential regression models were used for the analysis. The choice of equations was based on the highest coefficients of determination. The non-destructive method using allometric models has accuracy for estimating the leaf area (LA) of chrysanthemum from the product between leaf length (L) and leaf width (W). The LA of chrysanthemum can be estimated using the equation ŷ = 0.6611*LW0.9490 (L - leaf length; W - leaf width). This equation will allow researchers and producers to determine leaf area non-destructively.

RESUMO O crisântemo (Dendranthema grandiflora) é a segunda planta ornamental mais produzida e comercializada no mundo. A medição da área foliar por métodos não destrutivos é fundamental para estudos sobre seu crescimento e produção. A estimativa da área foliar por dimensões lineares das folhas pode ser uma estratégia para este fim. O objetivo deste estudo foi encontrar equações alométricas para estimar a área foliar do crisântemo. Os modelos de regressão linear, linear sem intercepto, quadrático, cúbico, potência e exponencial foram utilizados para a análise. A escolha das equações foi baseada nos maiores coeficientes de determinação. O método não destrutivo por meio de modelos alométricos tem acurácia para estimar a área foliar (AF) do crisântemo a partir do produto entre o comprimento da folha (C) e a largura da folha (L). A AF do crisântemo pode ser estimada pela equação ŷ = 0,6611*CL0,9490 (C - comprimento da folha; L - largura da folha). Essa equação permitirá que pesquisadores e produtores determinem a área foliar de forma não destrutiva.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n12p934-940

Impact of solar irradiance on gas exchange and growth of heliconia grown in a semi-arid region
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Souza, Rafaela R. de

; Silva Neto, José M. da

; Silva, Raphael R. da

; Souza, Geisse C. da S.

; Figueiredo, Hebert F. de

; Paiva Neto, Vespasiano B. de

; Borges, Mônica C. R. Z.

; Beckmann-Cavalcante, Márkilla Z.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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oct 2023, Volume 27 N. 10 Pages 757 - 763

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Light is essential for providing energy for photosynthetic reactions and has a complex and not yet fully understood effect on heliconia growth and yield. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of light intensity on the growth and photosynthesis of heliconia under semi-arid conditions and to screen potential genotypes tolerant to high solar irradiation levels during the vegetative stage. The experiment was conducted in Petrolina, PE, Brazil, whose geographic coordinates are 09° 19’ 14” S, 40° 32’ 40” W, with an average altitude of 387 m. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks, arranged in a split-plot scheme, and the treatments were composed of two light intensities (full sun and 50% shading) and five genotypes (Heliconia psittacorum x H. spathocircinata cv. Golden Torch; H. psittacorum cv. Red Opal; H. bihai cv. Lobster Claw Two; H. rauliniana and H. rostrata). Growth and gas exchange assessments were conducted on the 100th day after the trial initiation. Light intensity (full sun and 50% shading) did not influence the rates of photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs), or transpiration (E) of plants. However, the isolated effect of the genotype revealed that plants of cv. Red Opal, H. bihai, H. rauliniana, and cv. Golden Torch had higher values of A, gs, and E. Overall, shading improved plant growth. We conclude that the genotypes H. psittacorum cv. Red Opal, and H. psittacorum cv. Golden Torch exhibited the greatest tolerances to high solar irradiance conditions.

RESUMO A luz é essencial por fornecer energia para as reações fotossintéticas e tem uma influência complexa e não totalmente compreendida no crescimento e produção de helicônias. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da intensidade de luz sobre o crescimento e fotossíntese de helicônias em condições semiáridas e a triagem de genótipos potenciais tolerantes as condições de altos níveis de irradiação solar durante o estágio vegetativo. O experimento foi conduzido em Petrolina-PE, Brasil, cujas coordenadas geográficas são: 09° 19’ 14” S, 40° 32’ 40” O, com altitude média de 387 m. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, arranjados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, e os tratamentos foram compostos por duas intensidades de luz (pleno sol e sombreamento de 50%) e cinco genótipos (Heliconia psittacorum x H. spathocircinata cv. Golden Torch; H. psittacorum cv. Red Opal; H. bihai cv. Lobster Claw Two; H. rauliniana e H. rostrata). No 100° dia após o início do experimento foram realizadas avaliações de crescimento e trocas gasosas. As intensidades de luz (pleno sol e sombreamento 50%) não influenciaram a taxa fotossintética (A), condutância estomática (gs) e transpiração (E) das plantas. Porém, o efeito isolado do genótipo revela que plantas de cv. Red Opal, H. bihai, H. rauliniana e cv. Golden Torch apresentaram maiores valores de A, gs e E. Em geral, o sombreamento favoreceu maior incremento no crescimento das plantas. Conclui-se que os genótipos H. psittacorum cv. Red Opal e H. psittacorum cv. Golden Torch exibem maior tolerância às condições de elevada irradiância solar.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n10p757-763

Long-term oncological and surgical outcomes after Video Endoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy (VEIL) in patients with penile cancer
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Tobias-Machado, Marcos

; Ornellas, Antonio A.

; Hidaka, Alexandre K.

; Medina, Luis G.

; Mattos, Pablo A. L.

; Besio, Ruben S.

; Abreu, Diego

; Castro, Pedro R.

; Nishimoto, Ricardo H.

; Astigueta, Juan

; Dourado, Aurus

; Machado, Roberto D.

; Magnabosco, Wesley J.

; Corona-Montes, Victor

; Villoldo, Gustavo M.

; Zampolli, Hamilton C.

; Taha, Anis

; Auad, Pericles R.

; Faria, Eliney F.

; Arantes, Paulo B. O.

; Tavares, Alessandro

; Nascimento, Francisco S. M. S.

; Brazão Jr., Eder S.

; Rocha, Maurício M.

; Costa, Walter H.

; Panico, Vinicius

; Reis, Leonardo O.

; Almeida-Carrera, Roberto J.

; Silva, Rafael C.

; Zequi, Stênio C.

; Calixto, José R. R.

; Sotelo, Rene

International braz j urol

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oct 2023, Volume 49 N. 5 Pages 580 - 589

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: To report outcomes from the largest multicenter series of penile cancer patients undergoing video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VEIL). Materials and Methods: Retrospective multicenter analysis. Authors of 21 centers from the Penile Cancer Collaborative Coalition-Latin America (PeC-LA) were included. All centers performed the procedure following the same previously described standardized technique. Inclusion criteria included penile cancer patients with no palpable lymph nodes and intermediate/high-risk disease and those with non-fixed palpable lymph nodes less than 4 cm in diameter. Categorical variables are shown as percentages and frequencies whereas continuous variables as mean and range. Results: From 2006 to 2020, 210 VEIL procedures were performed in 105 patients. Mean age was 58 (45-68) years old. Mean operative time was 90 minutes (60-120). Mean lymph node yield was 10 nodes (6-16). Complication rate was 15.7%, including severe complications in 1.9% of procedures. Lymphatic and skin complications were noted in 8.6 and 4.8% of patients, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed lymph node involvement in 26.7% of patients with non-palpable nodes. Inguinal recurrence was observed in 2.8% of patients. 10y- overall survival was 74.2% and 10-y cancer specific survival was 84.8%. CSS for pN0, pN1, pN2 and pN3 were 100%, 82.4%, 72.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Conclusion: VEIL seems to offer appropriate long term oncological control with minimal morbidity. In the absence of non-invasive stratification measures such as dynamic sentinel node biopsy, VEIL emerged as the alternative for the management of non-bulky lymph nodes in penile cancer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0065

Cultivation of chicory under nutrient solutions prepared in brackish waters and applied at different temperatures
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Oliveira, Tarcísio F. de

; Santos Júnior, José A.

; Silva, Mairton G. da

; Gheyi, Hans R.

; Almeida, Júlio C. de

; Guiselini, Cristiane

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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sep 2023, Volume 27 N. 9 Pages 719 - 728

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The cooling of nutrient solutions prepared in brackish water can have several implications for plants grown in hydroponics. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of temperature and salinity stresses in the root zone on the growth, water status, production, and leaf characteristics of chicory cultivar Folha Larga, exposed to four values of electrical conductivity of nutrient solution - ECns (1.7, 3.2, 4.7, and 6.2 dS m-1), applied at two temperatures (ambient temperature and controlled in the range between 25-30 °C). The randomized block design arranged in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme with four replications was used. Cooling nutrient solution mitigated effects of salinity on stem height and diameter, number of leaves, and leaf area of chicory; provided greater production and water consumption, stability into root-shoot relationships, and membrane integrity within the saline range studied (1.7 to 6.2 dS m-1).

RESUMO O resfriamento de soluções nutritivas preparadas em águas salobras pode ter diversas implicações sobre as plantas cultivadas em hidroponia. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo de avaliar os efeitos dos estresses de temperatura e salinidade na zona radicular sobre o crescimento, estado hídrico, produção e características foliares do almeirão, cultivar Folha Larga, exposto a quatro valores de condutividade elétrica da solução nutritiva - CEsn (1,7; 3,2; 4,7 e 6,2 dS m-1), aplicado em duas temperaturas (ambiente e controlada na faixa entre 25-30 °C). Foi adotado o esquema fatorial 4 × 2 em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. O resfriamento da solução nutritiva mitigou os efeitos da salinidade sobre a altura e diâmetro do caule, número de folhas e área foliar do almeirão; proporcionou maior produção e consumo hídrico, estabilidade na relação raiz parte aérea e integridade da membrana, no intervalo salino estudado (1,7 a 6,2 dS m-1).

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n9p719-728

Selection of lima bean accessions for fresh and dry production
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Damas, Loren R.

; Barroso, Priscila A.

; Assunção Neto, Wilson V. de

; Lopes, Angela C. de A.

; Silva Junior, José V. da

; Gomes, Regina L. F.

; Medeiros, Artur M.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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aug 2023, Volume 27 N. 8 Pages 625 - 631

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The selection of lima bean accessions in the fresh and dry stages is an excellent tool to increase crop yield in Brazil and ensure a source of vegetable protein for the population. Principal component analysis and nonparametric indices can be used to identify promising accessions based on the desired agronomic variables. The aim of the present study was to select accessions from traditional lima bean varieties in the fresh and dry stages using principal component analysis and nonparametric selection indices. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design, evaluating 13 treatments in four replicates. The experimental plot contained 20 plants in its study area. The first two principal components for the two stages explained more than 80% of the variation found among the accessions. The Mulamba & Mock and Genotype-Ideotype selection indices were efficient in classifying promising varieties for breeding programs. The UFPI 1111 accession can be used in fresh lima bean production, and its UFPI 1248 and 1294 counterparts in lima bean breeding programs.

RESUMO A seleção de acessos de feijão-fava nos estádios verde e seco é uma excelente ferramenta para aumentar a produtividade da cultura no país e garantir uma fonte de proteína vegetal para a população. O uso de componentes principais e índices de seleção não-paramétricos podem ser utilizados para identificar acessos promissores com base em características agronômicas desejáveis. O objetivo do presente estudo foi selecionar acessos de variedades crioulas de feijão-fava nos estádios frescos e secos utilizando componentes principais e índices de seleção não paramétricos. O experimento foi disposto em delineamento em blocos casualizados, sendo avaliados 13 tratamentos em quatro repetições. A parcela experimental conteve 20 plantas em sua área útil. Os dois primeiros componentes principais, para os dois estádios, explicaram mais de 80% da variação encontrada entre os acessos. Os índices de seleção de Mulamba & Mock e Genótipo-Ideótipo foram eficientes na classificação de variedades promissoras para programas de melhoramento. O acesso UFPI 1111 pode ser direcionado para a produção de fava verde, e os acessos UFPI 1248 e UFPI 1294 podem ser utilizados para programas de melhoramento de fava seca.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n8p625-631

Characterization of Flavonoids Profiles in Polar Extracts from Croton grewioides Baill. Using Ultra-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Baill UltraHigh Ultra High
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Nascimento, Pedro E. S. do

; Prado, Vilma M. J.

; Jesus, Raphael A. de

; Silva, Wenes R. da

; Wisniewski Jr., Alberto

; Sá Filho, José C. F.

; Blank, Arie F.

; Souza, Daniel A. de

; Wartha, Elma R. S. A.

; Nogueira, Paulo C. L.

; Moraes, Valéria R. S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jul 2023, Volume 34 N. 7 Pages 937 - 948

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Research to identify plant bioactive compounds led to the evolution of extraction methods. This study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to extract the flavonoids of Croton grewioides Baill. species contributing to characterize the polar extract profile and understand the antioxidant potential of these plant constituents. The use of experimental design and statistical treatments enabled the determination of the ideal conditions for each technique. The extracts of five accessions of C. grewioides were obtained under the optimized extraction conditions and were analyzed using ultra high-resolution mass spectrometry (FT-Orbitrap MS) operating at negative ionization mode for flavonoids detection. The accurate experimental mass obtained to the main compounds was used to attribute the molecular formula. Chemical structures of the main compounds detected were proposed using structure data bases. Chemometric analysis were performed with two FT-Orbitrap MS spectra samples using the identified metabolites and, the antioxidant activity data, showing that for this species the MAE was most effective in extracting the antioxidant compounds. It was possible to propose the structures for forty compounds in the C. grewioides extracts, demonstrating the excellent performance of the FT-Orbitrap MS in providing information on the chemical profile of polar compounds in plant extracts. methods ultrasoundassisted ultrasound assisted UAE (UAE microwaveassisted microwave (MAE Baill constituents technique C highresolution high resolution FTOrbitrap FT Orbitrap detection formula bases

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230004

Chemical attributes of an ultisol cultivated with sugarcane after application of high doses of vinasse
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Costa, Monalisa S.

; Rolim, Mário M.

; da Silva, Gerônimo F.

; Santos Júnior, José A.

; Pedrosa, Elvira M. R.

Revista Caatinga

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jun 2023, Volume 36 N. 2 Pages 402 - 413

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The use of high doses of vinasse in sugarcane crop can cause modifications in the chemical characteristics of the soil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of high doses of vinasse on the chemical characteristics of an Ultisol cultivated with sugarcane for 210 days. The treatments used were doses equivalent to 0 (D0), 150 (D150), 300 (D300), 600 (D600) and 1200 (D1200) m3 ha-1 of vinasse plus a control treatment with mineral fertilization. The experimental design was completely randomized with six treatments and six repetitions. Exchangeable potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na) contents, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, sodium adsorption ratio, exchangeable sodium percentage, electrical conductivity and pH were analyzed at 90, 120, 150 and 210 days after planting (DAP), in addition to microbial basal respiration at 210 days at depths of 0-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m. Soil pH increased with the use of vinasse within the proper range for sugarcane, varying from 6.2 to 6.4. The highest K and Na contents were found at D600 and D1200; the highest K and Na availability occurred at 120 DAP and 150 DAP, respectively, indicating competition between these nutrients for exchange sites. Organic matter content was proportionally high according to the vinasse dose applied. D600 and D1200 doses increased Na content in the soil, with greater magnitude at the 0-0.20 m depth.

RESUMO O uso de doses elevadas de vinhaça no cultivo da cana-de-açúcar modifica os atributos químicos do solo. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar o efeito da aplicação de doses elevadas de vinhaça sobre características químicas de um Argissolo Amarelo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar. Os tratamentos consistiram na aplicação de doses equivalentes a 0 (D0), 150 (D150), 300 (D300), 600 (D600) e 1200 (D1200) m3 ha-1 de vinhaça e mais uma testemunha. O delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos e seis repetições. Avaliou-se a concentração de potássio (K), cálcio (Ca), magnésio (Mg) e sódio (Na) trocável, matéria orgânica, Capacidade de Troca Catiônica, Razão de Adsorção de Sódio, Porcentagem de Sódio Trocável, Condutividade Elétrica e pH aos 90, 120, 150 e 210 dias após o plantio (DAP), além da respiração basal microbiana aos 210 dias. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos com capacidade de 100 L. O pH do solo aumentou com a aplicação da vinhaça dentro da faixa considerada como adequada para a cana-de-açúcar, variando de 6,2 a 6,4. O K e Na apresentaram maiores concentrações em D600 e D1200; as maiores disponibilidades de K e Na no solo ocorreram, respectivamente, aos 120 e 150 DAP, indicando competição entre os elementos pelos sítios de troca. O teor de matéria orgânica foi proporcionalmente elevado conforme a dose de vinhaça aplicada. As doses D600 e D1200 aumentam a concentração de Na no solo, com maior magnitude na profundidade 0 – 0,20 m.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n217rc

Production, gas and biochemical exchanges in pear cultivated in semi-arid region under different irrigation managements
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Gomes, Victor H. F.

; Simões, Welson L.

; Silva, Jucicléia S. da

; Garrido, Marlon da S.

; Silva, José A. B. da

; Lopes, Paulo R. C.

; Silva, Weslley O. da

; Santos, Leane R. dos

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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may 2023, Volume 27 N. 5 Pages 335 - 342

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of irrigation systems and water depths on physiological, biochemical and production processes of pear trees grown in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with 2 × 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to two irrigation systems (drip and microsprinkler) and four irrigation depths (60, 80, 100 and 120% of the crop evapotranspiration - ETc), with four replicates. Water deficit and excess applied to plants are harmful to gas exchange as well as to biosynthesis and accumulation of carbohydrates, amino acids and proteins in leaves, compromising the cultivation cycle of pear plants grown in the Sub-Middle São Francisco region. The irrigation depth of 91.8% ETc promotes the highest production of pear (18.49 kg plant-1) under drip and microsprinkler irrigation systems, under the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Sub-Middle São Francisco region.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de sistemas de irrigação e lâminas de irrigação sobre processos fisiológicos, bioquímicos e produtivos da pereira cultivada no Semiárido brasileiro. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com fatorial 2 x 4, sendo dois sistemas de irrigação (gotejamento e microaspersão) e quatro lâminas de irrigação (60; 80; 100 e 120% da evapotranspiração da cultura - ETc), com quatro repetições. A deficiência e o excesso hídrico aplicados às plantas são prejudiciais às trocas gasosas, bem como à biossíntese e acúmulo de carboidratos, aminoácidos e proteínas nas folhas, comprometendo o ciclo de cultivo de pereiras cultivadas na região do Submédio São Francisco. A lâmina de irrigação de 91,8% ETc promove a maior produção de pereira (18,49 kg planta-1) sob sistemas de irrigação por gotejamento e microaspersão, nas condições edafoclimáticas do Submédio São Francisco.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n5p335-342

Fruit production and quality of ‘Paluma’ guava with nematode-tolerant rootstock irrigated in the semi-arid region
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Simões, Welson L.

; Andrade, Victor P. M. de

; Silva, Jucicléia S. da

; Santos, Carlos A. F.

; Sousa, José S. C. de

; Calgaro, Marcelo

; Barbosa, Kaio V. F.

; Nascimento, Bruno R. do

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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may 2023, Volume 27 N. 5 Pages 400 - 406

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Using nematode-resistant and/or -tolerant rootstock is a strategy that has maintained guava cultivation feasible in the irrigated perimeters of the Brazilian semi-arid region. The objective was to evaluate the production, gas exchange, and fruit quality of ‘Paluma’ guava with and without nematode-tolerant rootstock under different irrigation depths and production periods. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in the mixed 2 × 4 × 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to two forms of cultivation of ‘Paluma’ guava (without and with nematode-tolerant rootstock), four irrigation depths (60, 80, 100, and 120% of crop evapotranspiration - ETc), and two production periods, with four replicates. Guava plants were evaluated for physiological, production and post-harvest quality parameters. Gas exchange in ‘Paluma’ guava leaves was higher in the second production cycle, under irrigation depths above 100% ETc, not differing with the use of the rootstock. The use of the rootstock ‘BRS Guaraçá’ promotes a greater number of fruits and production with the increase of the irrigation depth, mainly in the second half of the year, with the increase of soluble solids and titratable acidity in the fruits.

RESUMO A utilização de porta enxerto resistente e ou tolerante a nematoides é uma estratégia que tem tornado viável a manutenção dos cultivos de goiabeira nos perímetros irrigados do semiárido brasileiro. Assim, o objetivo foi avaliar a produção, trocas gasosas e qualidade dos frutos da goiabeira ‘Paluma’ com e sem o porta enxerto tolerante a nematoide sob diferentes lâminas de irrigação e épocas de produção no Semiárido Brasileiro. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, no esquema fatorial misto 2 × 4 × 2, sendo duas formas de cultivo da goiabeira ‘Paluma’ (sem e com o porta enxerto tolerante a nematoide), quatro lâminas de irrigação (60, 80, 100 e 120% da evapotranspiração da cultura - ETc) e duas épocas de produção, com quatro repetições. Foram realizadas avaliações fisiológicas das plantas, produção e qualidade pós-colheita. As trocas gasosas nas folhas da goiabeira ‘Paluma’ foram maiores no segundo ciclo de produção, quando irrigada com lâminas de irrigação acima de 100% da ETc, não diferindo com o uso do porta enxerto. O uso do porta-enxerto ‘BRS Guaraçá’ proporciona um maior número de frutos e produção com o aumento da lâmina de irrigação, principalmente no segundo semestre do ano, bem como o aumento do teor de sólidos solúveis e acidez nos frutos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n5p400-406

10.

Antifungal effect of essential oils on control of phytopathogens in stored soybean seeds
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Baiotto, Cristiano S.

; Baiotto, Luana M. C.

; Beber, Simony C.

; Kleibert, Karine R. U.

; Fell, Ana P. W.

; Babeski, Cristhian M.

; Bandeira, Willyan J. A.

; Basso, Natiane C. F.

; Silva, José A. G. da

; Colet, Christiane de F.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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apr 2023, Volume 27 N. 4 Pages 272 - 278

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A soja está sujeita à ocorrência de patógenos transmitidos por sementes, necessitando de tratamento fitossanitário, porém, este pode ser tóxico ao homem e ao ambiente. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito dos óleos essenciais de alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis) e eucalipto (Corymbia citriodora) no tratamento contra fungos fitopatogênicos em sementes de soja armazenadas. O experimento foi em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 2 × 5, para sementes com e sem inoculação de fungos (Aspergillus flavus e Penicillium rubens) e cinco tratamentos de sementes (três óleos essenciais, controle positivo e controle negativo), com quatro repetições. Os óleos essenciais de alecrim, eucalipto e a combinação destes foram aplicados na dose de 4 mL kg-1 de sementes de soja, na concentração de 700 µL mL-1. Como controle negativo (testemunha) utilizou-se água destilada com Tween® 80 a 2% e como controle positivo o fungicida comercial Vitavax-Thiram® 200SC, conforme dosagem do fabricante. O óleo essencial de R. officinalis foi eficiente no controle de Penicillium sp. nas sementes de soja armazenadas e apresentou efeito semelhante ao controle positivo. O óleo essencial de C. citriodora reduziu a incidência de Aspergillus sp. Portanto, estes óleos essenciais têm potencial para serem utilizados no controle alternativo de patógenos de sementes de soja.

ABSTRACT Soybean is subject to occurrences of pathogens transmitted by seeds, requiring phytosanitary treatment, however, it can be toxic to humans and the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of essential oils of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and eucalyptus (Corymbia citriodora) on the control of phytopathogenic fungi in stored soybean seeds. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, using a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement consisted of seeds with and without fungal inoculation (Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium rubens) and five seed treatments (three essential oils, positive control, and negative control), with four replicates. Rosemary and eucalyptus essential oils and their combination were applied to soybean seeds at the rate of 4 mL kg-1, at a concentration of 700 µL mL-1. Distilled water with 2% Tween® 80 was used as negative control, and the commercial fungicide Vitavax-Thiram® 200SC was used as positive control, according to the manufacturers’ recommendations. The R. officinalis essential oil was efficient in the control of Penicillium sp. in stored soybean seeds and showed a similar effect to the positive control. The C. citriodora essential oil reduced the incidence of Aspergillus sp. Therefore, these essential oils have potential to be used as an alternative control of soybean seed pathogens.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n4p272-278

11.

Validation HPLC-DAD Method for Quantification of Gallic and Ellagic Acid from Eugenia punicifolia Leaves, Extracts and Fractions
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Silva, Liliane S.

; Oliveira, Matheus G. de

; Martins, Christiane F.

; Borges, Leonardo L.

; Fiuza, Tatiana S.

; Conceição, Edemilson C. da

; Paula, José R. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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mar 2023, Volume 34 N. 3 Pages 401 - 413

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC, known as “pedra ume-caá” or “pitanguinha do cerrado”, is popularly used to treat infectious diseases like inflammation, and diabetes. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate an analytical method by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) for the seasonal quantification of gallic acid (GA) and ellagic acid (EA), and to co-validate the method for quantification from the ethanol extract and fractions of the E. punicifolia leaves. Chromatographic separations were performed with a mobile phase gradient of acetonitrile/methanol/water acidified with 0.2% formic acid, a flow of 0.8 mL min 1, detection at 254 nm, and a C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm). Method validation parameters were determined following Brazilian legislation. The HPLC-DAD analytical method developed for the quantification of GA and EA was validated and demonstrated to be selective, linear, precise, accurate, robust, and without matrix effect. Accordingly, it is helpful for the analysis of these tannins in crude ethanol extracts and fractions from E. punicifoila leaves. Thus, our results may be of great help for quality control assessment and standardization of raw materials containing Eugenia punicifolia.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220117

12.

A Multi-Plasmonic Approach for Simultaneous Measurements based on a D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber Sensor: from Temperature to Optical Dispersion MultiPlasmonic Multi Plasmonic DShaped D Shaped Sensor
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Romeiro, Amanda F.

; Cardoso, Markos P.

; Silva, Anderson O.

; Costa, João C. W. A.

; Giraldi, M. Thereza R.

; Santos, José L.

; Baptista, José M.

; Guerreiro, Ariel

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

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mar 2023, Volume 22 N. 1 Pages 219 - 229

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The growing demand for multiparameter sensors includes compact devices accompanied by simple calibration processes to distinguish the outputs from each other. This paper evaluates a scheme to determine multiple parameters of a medium using localized surface plasmon resonances (SPR) excited on a Dshaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) partially covered by two gold layers of different thicknesses. We demonstrate that the proposed sensing platform, once customized to characterize the possible dispersive profiles of the refractive index of the analyte, also allows interrogating the temperature of a sample from a linear relationship. Since the plasmonic resonances are excited at separated and low crosstalk spectral channels, different sensing responses can be obtained simultaneously in the same location of the D-shaped PCF. These features turn out the SPR sensor a suitable tool for simultaneous monitoring of optical dispersion and temperature. other (SPR PCF (PCF thicknesses platform analyte relationship channels D shaped

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742023v22i1270778

13.

Profitability of using irrigation in forage cactus-sorghum intercropping for farmers in semi-arid environment
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Silva, Thieres G. F. da

; Jardim, Alexandre M. da R. F.

; Diniz, Wellington J. da S.

; Souza, Luciana S. B. de

; Araújo Júnior, George do N.

; Silva, Gabriel Í. N. da

; Alves, Cleber P.

; Souza, Carlos A. A. de

; Morais, José E. F. de

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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feb 2023, Volume 27 N. 2 Pages 132 - 139

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O uso da irrigação desempenha papel fundamental no avanço das fronteiras agrícolas e no aumento da produtividade nas áreas de cultivo, principalmente em ambientes semiáridos que apresentam alta variação espaço-temporal de chuvas. Essa prática é sugerida até mesmo para cultivos adaptados como palma forrageira (Opuntia sp.) e sorgo (Sorghum bicolor). Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a rentabilidade do uso da irrigação no sistema solteiro e sistema consorciado palma-sorgo no semiárido. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5 × 3: cinco lâminas de irrigação por gotejamento (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100% da evapotranspiração de referência - ET0) e três sistemas de cultivo (palma forrageira solteira, sorgo solteiro e consórcio palma-sorgo), com quatro repetições. O tratamento 0% ET0 correspondeu à condição de sequeiro com uma lâmina de 355 mm. Foi conduzido um ciclo de palma e dois de sorgo (planta e rebrota) compreendidos de novembro 2014 a novembro de 2015. Verificou-se que os maiores custos para implantação dos sistemas de cultivo em condições irrigadas se devem à aquisição do sistema de irrigação e insumos, representando 85,3% do custo operacional efetivo. O sistema sorgo solteiro e o sistema palma forrageira-sorgo proporcionaram as maiores produtividades de matéria fresca (62.013,05 e 60.075,36 kg ha-1), respectivamente. Com base em indicadores econômicos, a adoção de lâminas de irrigação (25, 50, 75 e 100% ET0) promoveu lucros para os sistemas (solteiro e consorciado) a partir do segundo ano de implantação.

ABSTRACT Irrigation plays a fundamental role in advancing agricultural frontiers and increasing crop productivity, especially in semi-arid environments, because they exhibit high spatiotemporal rainfall variation. This practice is suggested even for adapted crops, such as forage cactus (Opuntia sp.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and single or intercropping systems. In this study, aimed to evaluate the profitability of using irrigation in a single and intercropping forage cactus-sorghum system in a semi-arid region. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement: five drip irrigation depths (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the reference evapotranspiration - ET0) and three cropping systems (single forage cactus, single sorghum, and intercropping forage cactus-sorghum), with four replicates. The 0% ET0 treatment corresponded to rainfed conditions at a depth of 355 mm. A cycle of forage cactus and two sorghum cultivars (plant and regrowth) was conducted between November 2014 and November 2015. It was verified that the highest costs for implantation of the crop systems in irrigated conditions are due to the acquisition of irrigation and input systems, representing 85.3% of the effective operational cost. The single sorghum and forage cactus-sorghum systems provided the highest fresh matter productivity (62,013.05 and 60,075.36 kg ha-1, respectively). Based on economic indicators, the adoption of irrigation depths (25, 50, 75, and 100% ET0) promoted profits for the systems (single and intercropping) from the second year of implementation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n2p132-139

14.

Occurrence of clinical laminitis after adaptation to confinement: effects on morphology, density, and mineral composition of the hoof of Nellore cattle after finishing
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Freitas, Sabrina L.R.

; Queiroz, Paulo José B.

; Fernandes, Juliano José R.

; Nascente, Eduardo P.

; Santos, Adriana S.

; Nascimento, Kaique S.

; Silva, Luiz Antônio F.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07131

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Laminitis is a disease that affects the dermis and epidermis of the bovine hoof, generating changes in the hoof capsule. This study evaluated the effects of clinical laminitis diagnosed after the adaptation phase to confinement on the morphology, density, and mineral composition of the hoof of Nellore cattle after finishing. The animals were separated in the first weeks of confinement into a sick group (SG), with clinical laminitis, and a healthy group (HG). SG animals had higher heel length, dorsal wall length, toe height, and diagonal hoof length (p<0.05) than healthy animals. The dermal laminae had similar measurements for thickness, length, and spacing between them between SG and HG. Animals with laminitis showed congestion, hemorrhage, and basement membrane irregularities on histology. Computed microtomography (μCT) revealed that the hoof density of sick animals is lower than healthy ones. According to the mineral composition by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectrometry, the hooves of animals with laminitis (SG) and healthy ones (HG) were not biochemically different. Therefore, the occurrence of clinical laminitis in Nellore cattle in the first weeks of confinement causes an increase in the morphometric parameters of the hoof capsule and a reduction in the density of the abaxial hoof wall evaluated after the finishing period. This disease does not promote changes in the histomorphometric parameters of the dermal laminae and the percentage of minerals in the abaxial hoof wall.

RESUMO: A laminite é uma doença que afeta a derme e epiderme do casco de bovinos gerando alterações no estojo córneo. O estudo avaliou os efeitos da laminite clínica diagnosticada após a fase de adaptação ao confinamento na morfologia, densidade e composição mineral do casco de bovinos da raça Nelore após terminação. Nas primeiras semanas de confinamento, os animais foram separados em um grupo doente (GD) com laminite clínica e em um grupo saudável (GS). Os animais do GD apresentaram maior comprimento de talão, comprimento da parede dorsal, altura da pinça e comprimento diagonal do casco (p<0,05) do que os saudáveis. As lâminas dérmicas tiveram medidas semelhantes para espessura, comprimento e espaçamento entre elas entre GD e GS. Animais doentes apresentaram congestão, hemorragia e irregularidades da membrana basal na histologia. A microtomografia computadorizada (μCT) revelou que a densidade do casco de animais doentes é menor do que o saudável. Para a composição mineral por meio da espectrometria de fluorescência de raio-X por dispersão de energia (ED-XRF), o casco dos animais doentes (GD) e dos saudáveis (GS), não se mostraram diferentes bioquimicamente. Conclui-se que a ocorrência de laminite clínica em bovinos da raça Nelore nas primeiras semanas de confinamento ocasiona aumento de parâmetros morfométricos do estojo córneo e redução da densidade da parede abaxial do casco, avaliados após o período de terminação. Essa enfermidade não promove modificações nos parâmetros histomorfométricos das lâminas dérmicas e na porcentagem de minerais da parede abaxial do casco.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7131

15.

Evaluation of the properties of natural rubber bio composite and guava residue (Psidium guajava L.) as sustainable application
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Hiranobe, Carlos T.

; Silva, Alex R. da

; Cruz, Marco A. G.

; Canhada, João C. S.

; Araújo, Samara S.

; Rocha, José A.

; Santos, Harison F. dos

; Ribeiro, Gabriel D.

; Tolosa, Gabrieli R.

; Santos, Gleyson T. A.

; Budemberg, Eduardo R.

; Azevedo, Cláudia G. de

; Santos, Renivaldo J. dos

Materials Research

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2023, Volume 26 Suppl. 1 elocation e20220515

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In juice and pulp extraction, about 10% of fruit waste is generated, which often ends up in landfills that can cause environmental damage, serve as food for insects and rodents, and cause health problems for humans. In this work, micronized guava waste was used as a filler in vulcanized compounds in natural rubber. Mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength, tear resistance, and abrasion resistance were evaluated, as well as thermal properties such as thermogravimetric analysis, in addition to scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, elemental analysis, and infrared spectroscopy. According to the results of the mechanical properties tests, the addition of up to 20 phr of the filler tends to improve the tensile strength of the composites, resulting in an increase in the density of cross-links obtained through the Flory-Rehner method. The thermal behavior analyzed by TGA and FTIR spectra were not affected by the incorporation of fillers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2022-0515

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