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Probiotic consumption promotes numerous health benefits. The aim of this study is 1) to evaluate the antihypertensive effect of kefir in a hypertension rat model caused by the administration of the nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor, L-NAME, and 2) to evaluate the acute angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of the soluble nonbacterial fraction (SNBF) of kefir. To develop the first aim, male rats were separated into three groups: control group (C) treated with 0.3 mL/100 g of milk; L-NAME group (LN) received 10 mg/kg of said inhibitor; and Kefir group (K) treated with 0.3 mL/100 g of kefir plus L-NAME (10 mg/kg of said inhibitor). The treatments were given by oral gavage twice a day for four weeks. For the second aim”instead additionally, male rats received angiotensin I (in bolus) in three doses (Ang I: 0.03, 3 and 300 µg/kg) and were separated into two groups: a) received captopril (30 mg/kg i.v.) and b)received SNBF of kefir (5 mL/kg i.v.). Blood pressure were evaluated before and after Ang I. After treatment, hemodynamic parameters were evaluated, heart weight was recorded, and body weight gain was calculated. SNBF of kefir did not decrease the blood pressure for L-NAMEtreated animals, and no changes were observed in the cardiac parameters. However, the SNBF of kefir demonstrated acute inhibition of ACE in vivo similar to that of captopril. Thus, our results suggest that kefir may improve human cardiovascular systems by using mechanisms independent of nitric oxide syntheses. Additionally, the renin angiotensin system is probably the most important system involved in kefir effect regarding hypertension.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902020000419177 2 downloads

Meta-analysis of recommended digestible lysine levels for primiparous lactating sows
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Garcia, Amélia Maria Lima

; Kiefer, Charles

; Nascimento, Karina Márcia Ribeiro de Souza

; Lehnen, Cheila Roberta

; Hauschild, Luciano

; Silva, Camilla Mendonça

; Alencar, Stephan Alexander da Silva

; Rodrigues, Gabriela Puhl

Ciência Rural

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2020, Volume 50 N. 11 elocation e20190418

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Realizou-se a meta-análise com o objetivo de determinar o nível recomendado de lisina digestível e sua influência sobre o desempenho produtivo de porcas primíparas lactantes. A base de dados composta por 26 publicações, 138 dietas e 3.820 fêmeas foi desenvolvida a partir de artigos sobre a associação entre, lisina, proteína bruta e porcas primíparas lactantes. Os níveis de lisina digestível dos estudos variaram de 0,22 a 1,43% com valores médios de 0,85% de lisina digestível nas dietas, com consumo de 41,25 g dia-1. O consumo de lisina digestível das porcas apresentou correlação positiva (P<0,05) com o consumo de ração, aminoácidos essenciais, proteína bruta, energia metabolizável, perda de peso corporal da porca, produção de leite, número e peso de leitões ao desmame. O consumo de lisina indicou correlação negativa (P<0,05) para espessura de toucinho ao desmame e intervalo desmame-cio. Observou-se efeito quadrático (P<0,01) da perda de peso corporal da porca e ganho de peso diário dos leitões e efeito quadrático (P<0,01) do peso dos leitões ao desmame em função do aumento do nível de lisina da dieta. O nível de 1,04% de lisina digestível indica a menor perda de peso da porca. O maior peso dos leitões ao desmame e maior ganho de peso diário dos leitões é verificado com a inclusão de 1,30 e 1,07% de lisina digestível na dieta, respectivamente.

ABSTRACT: A meta-analysis was carried out to evaluate the recommended levels of digestible lysine and its influence on the productive performance of primiparous lactating sows. The database consisted of 26 publications, 138 diets and 3,820 sows was developed from articles on the association between, lysine, crude protein and lactating primiparous sows. The digestible lysine levels of the studies ranged from 0.22 to 1.43% with average values of 0.85% digestible lysine in the diet, with consumption of 41.25 g day-1. The digestible lysine intake of sows was positively correlated (P<0.05) with feed intake, essential amino acids, crude protein, metabolizable energy, body weight loss sows, milk production, number and weight of piglets at weaning. Digestible lysine intake showed negative correlation (P<0.05) with backfat thickness at weaning and weaning to oestrus interval. It was observed a quadratic effect (P<0.01) of body weight loss sow and daily weight gain of piglets and a quadratic effect (P<0.01) in the weight of piglets at weaning due to increased dietary lysine level. The level of 1.04% of digestible lysine indicates less weight loss sows. The greater weight of piglets at weaning and increased daily weight gain of piglets was verified with the addition of 1.30 and 1.07% digestible lysine in the diet, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190418 647 downloads

Genetic structure and diversity of native Guadua species (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) in natural populations of the Brazilian Amazon rainforest
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SILVA, SUSANA M.M.

; MARTINS, KARINA

; COSTA, FREDERICO H.S.

; CAMPOS, TATIANA DE

; SCHERWINSKI-PEREIRA, JONNY E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2020, Volume 92 N. 3 elocation e20190083

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Southwestern Region of the Brazilian Amazon is formed by forests dominated by bamboos. The genus Guadua is endemic to the Americas, and little is known about the genetic diversity and structure of species of this genus. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and structure of two native Guadua species in natural populations in the Southwestern region of the Brazilian Amazon. Therefore, the genetic diversity and structure of Guadua aff. chaparensis and Guadua aff. lynnclarkiae were evaluated with the use of microsatellite molecular markers (SSR). It was verified that the average genetic diversity for the populations studied was considered high ( H ^ e =0.5) compared to other species of bamboo. All populations had rare and private alleles, and none of them presented significant values of inbreeding. The populations were divergent ( G ^ ST = 0.46), resulting in a low apparent gene flow. The Bayesian analysis showed that among the 350 individuals analyzed, five groups (K=5) were formed, with little similarity among the groups (Populations), although two of them presented clonal individuals. According to the results obtained, it can be conclude that populations should be treated as having unique characteristics, mainly when accessed for management and for in situ and ex situ conservation studies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020190083 626 downloads

Genomic detection of a virus lineage replacement event of dengue virus serotype 2 in Brazil, 2019
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de Jesus, Jaqueline Goes

; Dutra, Karina Rocha

; Sales, Flavia Cristina da Silva

; Claro, Ingra Morales

; Terzian, Ana Carolina

; Candido, Darlan da Silva

; Hill, Sarah C

; Thézé, Julien

; Torres, Celeste

; D’Agostini, Tatiana Lang

; Felix, Alvina Clara

; Reis, Andreia F Negri

; Alcantara, Luiz Carlos Junior

; de Abreu, André L

; Croda, Júlio HR

; de Oliveira, Wanderson K

; de Filipis, Ana Maria Bispo

; Camis, Maria do Carmo Rodrigues dos Santos

; Romano, Camila Malta

; Loman, Nick J

; Pybus, Oliver G

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Nogueira, Mauricio L

; Faria, Nuno Rodrigues

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2020, Volume 115 elocation e190423

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Despite efforts to mitigate the impact of dengue virus (DENV) epidemics, the virus remains a public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. Most DENV cases in the Americas between January and July 2019 were reported in Brazil. São Paulo State in the southeast of Brazil has reported nearly half of all DENV infections in the country. OBJECTIVES To understand the origin and dynamics of the 2019 DENV outbreak. METHODS Here using portable nanopore sequencing we generated20 new DENV genome sequences from viremic patients with suspected dengue infection residing in two of the most-affected municipalities of São Paulo State, Araraquara and São José do Rio Preto. We conducted a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis with 1,630 global DENV strains to better understand the evolutionary history of the DENV lineages that currently circulate in the region. FINDINGS The new outbreak strains were classified as DENV2 genotype III (American/Asian genotype). Our analysis shows that the 2019 outbreak is the result of a novel DENV lineage that was recently introduced to Brazil from the Caribbean region. Dating phylogeographic analysis suggests that DENV2-III BR-4 was introduced to Brazil in or around early 2014, possibly from the Caribbean region. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our study describes the early detection of a newly introduced and rapidly-expanding DENV2 virus lineage in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760190423 1193 downloads

Nutritional plans of digestible phosphorus for gilts from 30 to 100 kg
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Carvalho, Kelly Cristina Nunes

; Kiefer, Charles

; Nascimento, Karina Márcia Ribeiro de Souza

; Santos, Tânia Mara Baptista dos

; Bonin, Marina de Nadai

; Alencar, Stephan Alexander da Silva

; Silva, Jéssica Lira da

; Rodrigues, Gabriela Puhl

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2019, Volume 48 elocation e20190116

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate sequential digestible phosphorus levels for gilts from 30 to 100 kg. Sixty gilts were used, with an initial weight of 29.98±3.37 kg and final weight of 100.66±8.82 kg, distributed in a randomized block design, with five nutritional digestible phosphorus levels: 2.19-1.88-1.68, 2.69-2.38-2.18, 3.19-2.88-2.68, 3.69-3.38-3.18, and 4.19-3.88-3.68 g kg−1, respectively, for the growth phases 30 to 50 kg, 50 to 70 kg, and 70 to 100 kg, with six replicates and two animals per pen. The nutritional plans did not influence the final weight, days to reach 100 kg, total and daily weight gain, total and daily feed intake, crude protein intake, digestible lysine intake, or metabolizable energy intake. An increase in digestible phosphorus and calcium intake was observed according to the increase in the digestible phosphorus level in the diet. There was a significant effect on feed conversion. No effect of nutritional plans was observed for backfat thickness, muscle depth, loin eye area, lean meat percentage, or carcass bonus index. There was no difference in the production of dry and natural matter or the residue coefficient. The effect of the nutritional digestible phosphorus levels in the contents of total solids and volatile solids was verified. There was a difference in the concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the manure. The nutritional plan with 3.19-2.88-2.68 and 3.69-3.38-3.18 g kg−1 of digestible phosphorus results in better feed conversion than the basal diet. For a lower excretion of phosphorus in the manure, the recommended nutritional plan is 2.19-1.88-1.68 g kg−1 of digestible phosphorus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/rbz4820190116 241 downloads

Blood parameters of Angus and Nellore young bulls fed diets with or without forage.
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Rennó, Luciana Navajas

; Gomes, Rafael Aparecido

; Martins, Taiane da Silva

; Busato, Karina Costa

; Ladeira, Marcio Machado

; Oliveira, Maria Helena de

; Silva Júnior, Jarbas Miguel da

; Chizzotti, Mario Luiz

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2019, Volume 48 elocation e20180172

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT We evaluated blood parameters of Angus and Nellore bulls fed diets with and without forage. Forty animals with initial body weight (BW) of 380±16.2 kg were housed in individual stalls. Eight bulls of each breed were fed a whole shelled corn (WSC) diet [850 g kg−1 of WCS and 150 g kg−1 of a pellet based on soybean meal, dry mater (DM) basis] or a ground corn with silage (GC) diet (300 g kg−1 of silage and 700 g kg−1 of a concentrate based on corn and soybean meal, DM basis), ad libitum, and four animals of each breed were limited-fed the GC diet [feed restriction (FR), 55% of the DM intake of bulls fed ad libitum, adjusted for the metabolic BW]. Intake was measured daily, and a metabolism trial was conducted with total collection of feces and urine to estimate the ruminally degraded and undegraded protein (intake and nitrogen balance). Blood samples for determination of hormones and metabolites were collected. The data were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS adopting a significance level of 0.05. The diet affected only the serum concentrations of triglycerides, HDL, and VLDL, with limited-fed animals presenting smaller concentrations than ad libitum-fed bulls. No difference in blood parameters was observed between animals fed WSC or GC diets. Nellore bulls presented greater T4, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and serum urea nitrogen concentrations than Angus. Feeding finishing beef cattle with no-roughage diets does not alter their blood parameters. Also, our results support that Zebu cattle might have lower serum removal of nutrients due to a lesser demand for fat and protein deposition than Bos taurus taurus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/rbz4820180172 453 downloads

Nutritional plans of digestible phosphorus for growing-finishing barrows
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Santos Nieto, Viviane Maria Oliveira dos

; Kiefer, Charles

; Nascimento, Karina Márcia Ribeiro de Souza

; Gonçalves, Liliane Maria Piano

; Marçal, Danilo Alves

; Abreu, Rodrigo Caetano de

; Santos, Alexandre Pereira dos

; Alencar, Stephan Alexander da Silva

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2018, Volume 47 elocation e20170094

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate nutritional plans of digestible phosphorus for barrows weighing between 30 and 100 kg. Eighty animals were distributed in a randomized block design with five nutritional plans containing 2.19-1.86-1.71, 2.57-2.23-2.09, 2.94-2.61-2.46, 3.32-2.99-2.84, and 3.70-3.36-3.32 g of digestible phosphorus kg−1 of diet, respectively, for the phases of 30 to 50 kg, 50 to 70 kg, and 70 to 100 kg, with eight replications and two barrows per experimental unit. The nutritional plans of digestible phosphorus had no effect on the final body weight, feed intake, daily weight gain, or feed conversion of barrows. The daily intake of digestible phosphorus increased with the dietary concentrations of digestible phosphorus. Of the carcass characteristics assessed, only muscle depth responded significantly to the highest concentration of digestible phosphorus, as assessed in barrows sequentially fed the 3.70-3.36-3.32 g kg−1 diet. The nutritional plans had no effect on backfat, rib eye area, or carcass lean tissue mass, percentage, and deposition. The nutritional plan containing 2.19-1.86-1.71 g kg−1 of digestible phosphorus meet the nutrient requirements for performance and carcass characteristics of barrows weighing from 30 to 100 kg.

https://doi.org/10.1590/rbz4720170094 406 downloads

Estrogen receptor-alpha gene XbaI A > G polymorphism influences short-term cognitive decline in healthy oldest-old individuals
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Chaves, Amanda Caroline Silva

; Fraga, Vanessa Gomes

; Guimarães, Henrique Cerqueira

; Teixeira, Antonio Lucio

; Barbosa, Maira Tonidandel

; Carvalho, Maria das Graças

; Mota, Ana Paula Lucas

; Silva, Ieda de Fátima Oliveira

; Caramelli, Paulo

; Gomes, Karina Braga

; Alpoim, Patrícia Nessralla

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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mar 2017, Volume 75 N. 3 Pages 172 - 175

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Neste estudo prospectivo foi avaliada a influência do polimorfismo -351A/G XbaI do gene do receptor de estrogênio alfa (ESR-1) sobre o desempenho cognitivo global em idosos muito idosos (≥ 75 anos) saudáveis durante um ano. Métodos Os indivíduos foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a presença ou ausência de declínio cognitivo. Dados cognitivos foram relacionados à informação genética. Resultados O genótipo XbaI -351 AA foi mais comum entre indivíduos que apresentaram declínio cognitivo, enquanto carreadores do alelo -351G demonstraram estabilidade ou melhora cognitiva. Conclusão Estes resultados sugerem que ESR-1 poderia estar associado ao declínio cognitivo em curto prazo em idosos saudáveis, possivelmente por meio de propriedades neuroprotetoras do estrogênio, mesmo em cérebros idosos saudáveis.

ABSTRACT This prospective study aimed to evaluate the influence of the -351A/G XbaI polymorphism in the estrogen receptor-alpha (ESR-1) gene on global cognitive scores of a community sample of healthy oldest-old individuals within one year of follow up. Methods The individuals were categorized in two groups according to the presence or absence of cognitive decline. Cognitive data were related to genetic information. Results The XbaI -351 AA genotype was more common among cognitive decliners, while -351G allele carriers showed cognitive stability or improvement. Conclusion These results suggest that ESR-1 could be associated with one-year cognitive decline in healthy oldest-old individuals, since the estrogen pathway may be involved with neuroprotection, even in healthy brain aging.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20170018 1295 downloads

Análise da utilização de cerâmica vermelha como adsorvente na remoção do corante têxtil Direct Blue de uma solução aquosa
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Silva, Alex Barbosa Campos

; Andrade, Ricardo Mauricio de Freitas

; Freire, Flavio Bentes

; Nagalli, André

; Carvalho, Karina Querne de

; Passig, Fernando Hermes

; Kreutz, Cristiane

Matéria (Rio de Janeiro)

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2017, Volume 22 N. 3 elocation e11868

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A adsorção tem sido estudada como alternativa para tratamento de efluentes têxteis contendo corantes tóxicos, carcinogênicos, mutagênicos e que interferem no equilíbrio dos ecossistemas aquáticos ao serem lançados no ambiente sem adequado tratamento prévio. Este problema é agravado pois até 50% da quantidade de corante aplicado nas etapas de tingimento e de lavagem não se fixa às fibras dos tecidos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a remoção de cor de uma solução aquosa contendo o corante direct blue, na concentração inicial de 5 g/L, através da adsorção em cerâmica vermelha. Para isto, foram selecionadas as faixas de diâmetro de 1,21 mm a 2,4 mm e de 2,41 mm a 4,8 mm e as massas de 200, 250 e 300 g do adsorvente para cada faixa. Os ensaios foram conduzidos sob agitação constante de 120 rpm a temperatura ambiente, com duração total de 5 horas, para avaliar o desempenho da adsorção a partir dos valores obtidos para remoção de cor. Além disto, os resultados foram ajustados aos modelos cinéticos de pseudo-primeira ordem e pseudo-segunda ordem de Lagergren. Em todas as configurações experimentais avaliadas, o equilíbrio se deu após a primeira hora de ensaio e as remoções de cor variaram de 98,2% a 99,5%. Do ponto de vista da capacidade de adsorção por massa de adsorvente, os melhores resultados foram verificados com massa de 200 g do adsorvente. Constatou-se ainda que os resultados foram moderadamente mais efetivos na faixa de menor de diâmetro com desempenho 0,5% superior à faixa de maiores diâmetros. O modelo cinético de pseudo-segunda ordem se ajustou melhor aos resultados experimentais quando comparado ao de pseudo-primeira ordem. Foi possível concluir através da pesquisa que a cerâmica de argila adquirida na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba foi um material efetivo na remoção do corante Direct Blue de uma solução aquosa.

ABSTRACT Adsorption has been studied as an alternative to the treatment of textile effluents containing toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic dyes that also interfere in the equilibrium of aquatic ecosystems when discharged in the environment without proper previous treatment. This problem is as 50% of the amount of dye applied in the steps of dyeing and laundering does not attach to the fabric fibers. The aim of this study was to evaluate color removal from an aqueous solution containing blue direct dye at an initial concentration of 5 g/L, by the adsorption on ceramic clay. For this purpose, the ranges of diameter of 1.21 mm to 2.4 mm and 2.41 mm to 4.8 mm and the quantities mass of 200, 250 and 300 g of the adsorbent were selected for each range. Assays were carried out under constant agitation of 120 rpm at room temperature, with a total duration of 5 hours, to evaluate the performance of the adsorption from the values obtained for color removal. Furthermore, the results were adjusted to the kinetic pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order models of Lagergren. In all the experimental settings evaluated, the equilibrium was reached after the first hour of the assay and the color removals varied from 98.2% to 99.5%. Regarding the adsorption capacity by the mass of the adsorbent, the best results were verified with mass of 200 g of the adsorbent. It was also found that results were moderately effective at the lowest range of diameter (0.5% higher than the performance of larger diameters). The pseudo-second order kinetics model fits better to the experimental data when compared to the pseudo-first order. It was possible to conclude from the research that the red clay acquired in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba was an effective material in the removal of the Direct Blue dye from an aqueous solution

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1517-707620170003.0202 1534 downloads

10.

Urea concentration on vegetative development and nutrition of Cactaceae epiphytic species
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Tavares, Armando R

; Ferreira, Mauricio L

; Jocys, Teresa

; Kanashiro, Shoey

; Silva, Karina G

Horticultura Brasileira

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sep 2016, Volume 34 N. 3 Pages 340 - 345

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Cactáceas epífitas da Mata Atlântica como Rhipsalis paradoxa, Rhipsalis baccifera e Hatiora salicornioides são utilizadas como plantas ornamentais devido à formação de densos aglomerados de seus artículos (segmentos do caule). O estudo visou avaliar o crescimento e desenvolvimento do sistema radicular e aéreo, e os teores de macro e micronutrientes nos artículos das espécies, submetidas a diferentes concentrações de ureia, bem como analisar a importância do sistema radicular na absorção de nitrogênio. As plantas foram irrigadas semanalmente com soluções modificadas de Hoagland & Arnon, contendo diferentes concentrações de ureia (0; 16,7; 33,3; 49,9 e 66,6 mM N). Após 180 dias de cultivo, as plantas foram separadas em artículos e raízes para as medidas de biometria e biomassa, além da análise de macro e micronutrientes dos artículos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos, quatro blocos e cinco plantas por parcela, para cada espécie. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e regressão. R. baccifera apresentou maior comprimento da planta na concentração de 29,94 mM N e maior número de artículos em 40,82 mM N e H. salicornioides apresentou maior comprimento em 48,29 mM N e maior número de artículos em 45,68 mM; enquanto que para R. paradoxa, os maiores comprimentos foram na dose 66,6 mM N. As espécies apresentaram os menores valores de comprimento e número de artículos na ausência de N. O aumento da concentração de N no meio de cultivo elevou os teores de N nos artículos em 24, 19 e 13 g N/kg de massa de matéria seca nas espécies R. baccifera, R. paradoxa e H. salicornioides, respectivamente. O estudo mostrou que as raízes das cactáceas epifíticas, além da função de fixação da planta ao substrato (forófito), são funcionais quanto à absorção de nutrientes e se recomenda a adubação de cactáceas epifíticas com 30,05 a 66,60 mM N na solução nutritiva.

ABSTRACT Rhipsalis paradoxa, Rhipsalis baccifera and Hatiora salicornioides are epiphytic cacti from the Atlantic Forest. They have a great ornamental potential due to the exotic characteristic of their joints (stems segments). The study aimed to evaluate the growth and development of roots and shoots as well as macronutrient and micronutrient contents in the joints of these species fertilized with different concentrations of urea as a nitrogen source. The study also analyzed the importance of the root system on nitrogen absorption. Plants were weekly irrigated with modified Hoagland & Arnon solutions with 0, 16.7, 33.3, 49.9 or 66.6 mM N applied as urea. After 180 days of cultivation, plants were separated into joints and roots for biometric and biomass measures, as well as macronutrient and micronutrient analysis of joints. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with five treatments, four blocks and five plants per plot, for each species. Data were submitted to analyses of variance and regression. R. baccifera showed the highest plant length and number of joints in 29.94 and 40.82 mM N, respectively, H. salicornioides showed the highest length and number of joints in 48.29 and 45.68 mM N respectively. For R. paradoxa, the highest length was in 66.6 mM N. The lowest values for plant length and number of joints were observed in the absence of N, for all species. High nitrogen concentrations in the solution increased the N concentration in joints of R. baccifera, R. paradoxa and H. salicornioides by 24, 19 and 13 g N/kg dry mass, respectively. The roots of epiphytic cacti, besides the function of fixing the plant on substrate (phorophyte), are functional for nutrient absorption, and the best results were obtained in 30.05 to 66.60 mM N in the nutrient solution.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-05362016003006 1467 downloads

11.

Effects of mycotoxin adsorbents in aflatoxin B 1 - and fumonisin B 1 -contaminated broiler diet on performance and blood metabolite
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Sobrane Filho, Sérgio Turra

; Junqueira, Otto Mack

; Laurentiz, Antonio Carlos de

; Filardi, Rosemeire da Silva

; Rubio, Marcela da Silva

; Duarte, Karina Ferreira

; Laurentiz, Rosangela da Silva de

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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may 2016, Volume 45 N. 5 Pages 250 - 256

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The present study examined the effect of aflatoxin (AFB1) and fumonisin (FB1) at the levels of 2 mg kg−1 AFB1 and 100 mg kg−1 FB1 and the efficiency of use of different levels of adsorbent based on sodium and calcium aluminosilicate on growth performance, hematological parameters, and biochemical parameters of broilers. A total of 1,440 Cobb broilers were distributed into the following treatments: positive control (PC) - no mycotoxin and adsorbent (AD); PC+3AD - no mycotoxin, with 3 g kg−1 adsorbent in feed; negative control (NC) - only mycotoxin; NC+1AD - with mycotoxin and 1 g kg−1 adsorbent in feed; NC+2AD - with mycotoxin and 2 g kg−1 adsorbent in feed; and NC+3AD - with mycotoxin and 3 g kg−1 adsorbent in feed. The amounts of AFB1 and FB1 added to NC reduced weight gain (35%) and feed intake (50%) compared with PC; however, inclusion of 2 or 3 g kg−1 adsorbent to NC alleviated such losses. Birds fed NC showed anemia, immunosuppression, and impaired liver function, observed by reduced cholesterol and increased gamma glutamyl-transferase activity compared with PC; values returned to normal levels when 2 or 3 g kg−1 of the adsorbent (as fed) were used. Mycotoxins cause adverse effects on most of the parameters studied, and the use of adsorbent at the levels of 2 and 3 g kg−1 of the adsorbent as fed partially negates the adverse effect of mycotoxicosis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-92902016000500007 2600 downloads

12.

Macroscopic placental changes associated with fetal and maternal events in diabetes mellitus
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Salge, Ana Karina Marques

; Rocha, Karlla Morgana Nunes

; Xavier, Raphaela Maioni

; Ramalho, Wilzianne Silva

; Rocha, Érika Lopes

; Guimarães, Janaína Valadares

; Silva, Renata Calciolari Rossi e

; Siqueira, Karina Machado

; Abdalla, Douglas Reis

; Michelin, Márcia Antoniazzi

; Murta, Eddie Fernando Candido

Clinics

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oct 2012, Volume 67 N. 10 Pages 1203 - 1208

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: The current study sought to identify macroscopic placental changes associated with clinical conditions in women with or without diabetes and their newborns. METHODS: The study population consisted of 62 pregnant women clinically diagnosed with diabetes and 62 healthy women (control group). RESULTS: Among the subjects with diabetes, 43 women (69.3%) were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus, 15 had diabetes mellitus I (24.2%), and four had diabetes mellitus II (6.5%). The mean age of the women studied was 28.5 ± 5.71 years, and the mean gestational age of the diabetic women was 38.51 weeks. Of the 62 placentas from diabetic pregnancies, 49 (79%) maternal surfaces and 59 (95.2%) fetal surfaces showed abnormalities, including calcium and fibrin deposits, placental infarction, hematoma, and fibrosis. A statistical association was found between newborn gender and fetal and maternal placental changes (p = 0.002). The mean weight of the newborns studied was 3,287 ± 563 g for women with diabetes mellitus, 3,205 ± 544 g for those with gestational diabetes mellitus, 3,563 ± 696 g forthose with diabetes mellitus II, and 3,095 ± 451 g forthose with diabetes mellitus I. CONCLUSIONS: Infarction, hematoma, calcification, and fibrin were found on the maternal and fetal placental surfaces in women with diabetes. Women with gestational diabetes and post-term infants had more calcium deposits on the maternal placental surface as compared to those with type I and type II diabetes.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2012(10)13 2985 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

13.

Molecular characterization of group A rotavirus isolates obtained from hospitalized children in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Serravalle, Karina

; Santos, Norma

; Sardi, Silvia Inês

; Silva, Sarah Peregrino Santos

; Ribeiro Junior, Hugo da Costa

; Mattos, Ângela Peixoto de

; Campos, Gúbio Soares

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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feb 2007, Volume 11 N. 1 Pages 35 - 39

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Rotavirus is a major cause of infectious diarrhea in infants and young children. The objective of this study was to characterize the genotypes of Human Rotavirus found in children hospitalized with acute diarrhea in the Pediatric Hospital Prof. Hosannah de Oliveira of the UFBA in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, during the years of 1999, 2000 and 2002. Fecal samples were analyzed (n=358) by methods EIARA and SDS-PAGE for detection of Rotavirus. Positive samples of one or two of these methods (n=168) were submitted to RT-PCR and Multiplex-Nested PCR to determine genotypes G and P. A hundred sixty-eight (46.9%) samples were positive and 190 (53.1%) negative. Only 17 (4.7%) samples had divergent results. The distribution of genotypes G during the first year, showed that the genotype G9 was present in 96,8% of the analyzed samples, in the second year, it was responsible for 96% and in the third year, 88,1%. The characterization of genotypes P demonstrated that the genotype P1A[8] was the most outstanding in all years. In this study we discuss the benefit to control the genotypes of Rotavirus through the molecular characterization for the development of potential vaccines.

2579 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

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