RESUMO Considerado fonte de proteína mais acessível à população, o feijão-comum é consumido diariamente, principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento, das regiões tropicais e subtropicais do planeta. Estudos que utilizam tanto descritores morfológicos quanto marcadores moleculares, vêm sendo utilizados em programas de melhoramento vegetal do feijoeiro. O presente artigo tem por objetivo reportar o estudo da diversidade de linhagens endogâmicas recombinantes e seus genitores utilizando descritores morfológicos e marcadores SSR. Foram avaliadas 22 linhagens recombinantes derivadas dos genitores BRS Agreste e a linhagem preto-01. Para a caracterização foram utilizados 18 marcadores microssatélites e os seguintes descritores morfológicos: presença de antocianina, número de dias após a germinação, dias para floração, cor da asa, cor do estandarte, cor da semente, cor do tegumento, brilho da semente, grupo comercial. Para caracterização molecular foram usados sete marcadores que apresentaram polimorfismo. Os valores de dissimilaridade, utilizando-se os dados morfológicos, variaram de 0 a 8.5; organizando as linhagens em três grupos distintos. Nas análises moleculares, dos 18 primers testados, 11 foram monomórficos e 7 apresentaram-se polimorfismo. Os valores de dissimilaridade para análise molecular variarando de 0 a 0.8; com média de 0.57. Além de informativos, esses marcadores estão associados a características importantes para o feijoeiro. A análise conjunta dos dados apresentou valores de dissimilaridade variando de 0.0 a 12.5, com média de 6.89, formando três grupos. A análise conjunta dos dados morfológicos e moleculares foi eficiente em caracterizar e distinguir as linhagens endogâmicas. Os marcadores moleculares utilizados mostraram-se adequados para o estudo realizado neste trabalho. As linhagens 18 e 19 podem ser consideradas duplicadas, pois na análise de diversidade obteve dissimilaridade zero.

ABSTRACT Considred a more accessible protein source for the population, common beans are consumed daily, mainly in developing countries, in the tropical and subtropical regions of the planet. Studies that use both morphological descriptors and molecular markers have been used in plant breeding programs for common beans. This article aims to report the study of the diversity of recombinant inbred lines and their parents using morphologial descriptors and SSR markers. 22 recombinant inbreeding lines were evaluated derived from the BRS Agreste parents and the black-01 line.For the characterization, 18 microsatellite markers and the following morphological descriptors were used: presence of anthocyanin, number of days after germination, days for flowering, wing color, standard color, seed color, tegument color, seed brightness, commercial group. For molecular characterization, seven markers were used that presented polymorphism The dissimilarity values, using morphological data, ranged from 0 to 8.5; organizing the lineages into three distinct groups. In the molecular analyzes, of the 18 primers tested, 11 were monomorphic and 7 presented polymorphism. The dissimilarity values for molecular analysis ranged from 0 to 0.8; with an average of 0.57. In addition to being informative, these markers are associated with important characteristics for common beans. Joint analysis of the data presented dissimilarity values ranging from 0.0 to 12.5, with an average of 6.89, forming three groups. The joint analysis of morphological and molecular data was efficient to characterize and distinguish inbred lines. The molecular markers used were suitable to the present study. The lines 18 and 19 can be considered duplicate because in all analyzes they remained together.

ABSTRACT: The evaluation of diversity and genetic structure allows us to verify with precision the effect of evolutionary and anthropic processes on species. The objective of this research was to evaluate the divergence and the genetic structure of two natural populations of Dalbergia nigra, using molecular markers Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR). Leaf samples were collected from two populations, located in the National Forest of Pacotuba and the Private Natural Heritage Reserve of Cafundó. Eight ISSR primers were used, which resulted in 97 bands, with 68.04% of polymorphism. Based on the joint data, the values of 0.33 for the Nei index (H*) and 0.50 for the Shannon index (I*) indicated moderate to high genetic diversity, being influenced by the presence of genetically dissimilar individuals in the National Forest of Pacotuba. Most of the genetic divergence was intrapopulational (85.96%), with moderate differentiation between populations (ΦST = 0.1404). The estimated historical gene flow between the fragments was low (Nm = 3.21) when compared with results from other tree species, and the genetic structuring analysis separated the populations into two groups, corresponding to the two populations evaluated. The results indicate a small genetic share among populations, however, populations are becoming structured. The satisfactory levels of genetic diversity benefit the use of the trees as matrixes for programs of restoration and recovery of degraded areas, connectivity of landscapes, and sustainable use of forest resources.

O trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a sintomatologia visual e o crescimento e teor de nutrientes na parte aérea e no sistema radicular de mudas de Tectona grandis, transferidas para soluções nutritivas com exclusão de macronutrientes. As mudas foram produzidas em substrato comercial, onde permaneceram por quatro meses, sendo depois transferidas para rizotrons, em que foram submetidas, por 30 dias, à solução nutritiva completa e soluções preparadas com a supressão de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. As soluções foram renovadas a cada duas semanas e o volume, completado diariamente com água desionizada, mantendo-se o pH em torno de 5,5 + 0,5. O desenvolvimento inicial de mudas de Tectona grandis foi afetado pela omissão de todos os macronutrientes, sendo os sintomas condizentes com o padrão apresentado pela maioria das culturas. Os danos mais intensos e imediatos foram observados na ausência de N e Ca, causando, inclusive, apodrecimento das raízes secundárias e paralisação na emissão de novas raízes. Os teores nutricionais da parte aérea e sistema radicular das mudas submetidas à solução completa foram, respectivamente: 38,0 e 26,9 g kg-1 de N; 8,5 e 4,0 g kg-1 de P; 22,8 e 13,1 g kg-1 de K; 2,3 e 3,7 g kg-1 de S; 10,5 e 2,0 g kg-1 de Ca; 3,0 e 1,7 g kg-1 de Mg; 175,2 mg kg-1 e 3,6 g kg-1 de Fe; 23,1 e 48,1 mg kg-1 de Zn; 4,3 e 17,8 mg kg-1 de Cu; e 142,5 e 389,8 mg kg-1 de Mn.

The objective of this work was to characterize visual symptoms of macronutrient deficiency, and to evaluate growth and nutrient content in shoot and root system of Tectona grandis seedlings, cultivated in nutrient solutions lacking macronutrients. The seedlings were grown in commercial substratum, for 4 months, and later transferred to rhizotrons, cultivated for 30 days in complete nutrient solution, and others without N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with five replicates. The solutions were renewed every two weeks and volume completed daily with deionized water, pH around 5,5 + 0,5. The initial Tectona grandis seedling development was affected by the omission of all macronutrients, presenting symptoms that match with the pattern of most cultures. The most intense and immediate damages were observed in the absence of N and Ca causing roots to rot and stopping new roots from growing. The nutritional content of the shoot and root systems of seedlings cultured in complete solution are respectively: 38.0 and 26.9 g kg-1 of N; 8.5 and 4.0 g kg-1 of P; 22.8 and 13.1 g kg-1 of K; 2.3 and 3.7 g kg-1 of S; 10.5 and 2.0 g kg-1 of Ca; 3.0 and 1.7 g kg-1 of Mg; 175.2 mg kg-1 and 3.6 g kg-1 of Fe; 23.1 and 48.1 mg kg-1 of Zn; 4.3 and 17.8 mg kg-1 of Cu; 142.5 and 389.8 mg kg-1 of Mn.