This work shows the resulting height and shape of the burrs produced by drilling holes with ratio L/D = 3. The tool used in the tests was the solid twist HSS drill coated with TiAlN, with diameter of 10 mm, to drill the microalloyed steel DIN 38MnS6. The height of the burr was studied under different lubricant/coolant systems, namely: dry machining, use of Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) at the flow rate of 30 ml/h, and fluid applied in the conventional way (flooding). The following cutting fluids were used: vegetable oil (MQL), mineral oil (MQL and flooding) and semi-synthetic oil (flooding). The trials were carried out at two cutting speeds (45 and 60 m/min) and the criterion adopted for the end of the test was the catastrophic failure of the drill. The results showed that the height of the burr increases primarily with the wear of the tool and that this increase is almost exponential after 64% and 84% of drills life, for the speeds of 45 and 60 m/min, respectively. Furthermore, the results generally showed that the smallest burr height was obtained for the dry machining and the largest for the MQL systems.

O processo de Usinagem por Descargas Elétricas é muito utilizado na usinagem de materiais de elevada dureza, difíceis de serem usinados por processos convencionais, além de permitir a confecção de geometrias bem complexas e de dimensões diminutas. O objetivo principal desse trabalho é o estudo das superfícies usinadas pelo processo EDM com diferentes tipos de fluidos dielétricos em três regimes de usinagem. Os diversos fluidos dielétricos utilizados possibilitam diferentes condições de usinagem e muito pouco se sabe sobre qual o fluido mais indicado para operações de acabamento ou desbaste. Foram feitos ensaios com cinco tipos diferentes de fluidos dielétricos e com uma ferramenta cilíndrica vazada de cobre eletrolítico. Verificou-se que há diferenças importantes quando usina-se com fluidos diferentes, mantendo-se constantes todas as demais condições de operação, embora todos os fluidos, com exceção do querosene, são vendidos como se fossem exatamente iguais entre si, o que se mostrou falso. Porém a maior conclusão desse trabalho foi a de que o querosene, apesar de ser até três vezes mais barato que os demais fluidos, apresentou piores acabamentos superficiais com grande formação de bolhas durante o processo, pois sua menor densidade confere também excessiva evaporação durante a usinagem, o que acabou por conferir uma superfície muito irregular e com muita porosidade e presença de microtrincas, além de maiores riscos ao operador.

The Electrical Discharge Machining process is very useful while machining very hard materials, which are very difficult to be machined by traditional process, while can make complex geometries and minimum dimensions. One of the materials that are very used in this process is high-speed steel (ABNT M2), which is very hard and has a high mechanical resistance. This work has as main objective the study of performance of different dielectric fluids used in EDM in tree different pre chosen set-ups of work in terms or metal removal rate (MMR) and wear ratio (WR), roughness parameter (Ra), then discuss and analyze the most important factors that can produce different performance when machining with this process. Have been done five tests with different types of dielectric fluids using a cooper tool. Can be noticed that occurred very important different performance between the fluids, which all the other conditions of operation were unchanged. When using such a fluid the workpiece presented less roughness and a higher MMR in some cases. In other cases, a higher MMR produced in the other hand a Recast Layer less uniform. However, the most important conclusion of this work is about kerosene, which costs 3 times less than the specific dielectric fluids for EDM, presented worst finishing surfaces and not too high MMR as expected, despite all the risks for the operator.