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The cariogenic processes are mainly caused by the bacterium Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and consist of the demineralization of the tooth that occurs when the acid production overcomes the natural repair or if a problem occurs in the last one. In this work, we performed the synthesis of twenty-one 1,4-naphthoquinones tethered to 1,2,3-1H-triazoles (8a-8k and 9a-9j), antibacterial evaluation against the S. mutans in vitro and the acute toxicity of the better ones in vivo. We observed strong inhibition results in the disc diffusion test ranging, the halos of inhibitions, from 18.66 (± 0.57) to 29 (± 2.64) mm, and good values in the minimum inhibitory concentration (5 to 50 μg), for the compounds 9e, 9h, 9i and 9j: Furthermore, they do not have a cytotoxic effect at the concentrations tested. Besides that, in the in vivo test, they show some slight alteration in the histopathological analyses and the biochemistry. Thus, we found four potential candidates to become instruments for the treatment of cavities.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220014

Diagnostic performance between histopathological and molecular methods in the detection of Helicobacter pylori
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Silva, Lucas Luiz L.

; Calassa, Igor M. C.

; Oliveira, Ana Karoline S.

; Ramos, Amanda F. P. L.

; Pontes, Jaqueline C.

; Cardoso, Daniela M. M.

; Rasmussem, Lucas T.

; Carneiro, Lilian Carla

; Barbosa, Monica S.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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2021, Volume 57 elocation e2832021

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Introdução: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) é uma bactéria Gram negativa considerada o agente etiológico de várias doenças gástricas. A prevalência da infecção bacteriana varia de acordo com idade, localização geográfica, etnia e status socioeconômico. A infecção crônica ocasionada por esse microrganismo pode favorecer o desenvolvimento de patologias severas, como o adenocarcinoma gástrico. Nesse sentido, o diagnóstico precoce é essencial para um melhor prognóstico e o sucesso terapêutico. Vários métodos de diagnóstico realizados com técnicas invasivas e não invasivas, com diferentes sensibilidade e especificidade, têm sido utilizados na detecção de H. pylori. Objetivo: Comparar o desempenho das técnicas molecular e histopatológica utilizadas no diagnóstico da infecção por H. pylori. Métodos: Setenta e seis amostras de tecido gástrico foram coletadas de pacientes dispépticos e submetidas ao diagnóstico molecular e histopatológico. A detecção molecular foi realizada utilizando o gene ribossomal (rRNA 16S) por meio da técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Resultados: O método molecular de diagnóstico com base na PCR detectou a bactéria em 63,1% das amostras, enquanto o teste histopatológico identificou o microrganismo em apenas 38,1% das biópsias gástricas. Os dados demonstram que a técnica de PCR apresentou cerca de 1,6 vezes mais sensibilidade que a técnica histopatológica. Conclusão: A técnica de PCR foi o método de diagnóstico mais eficiente para detecção de H. pylori e pode ser implementada na rotina laboratorial como teste complementar para detecção precoce de H. pylori.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram negative bacterium considered to be the etiologic agent of various gastric diseases. The prevalence of bacterial infection varies according to age, geographic location, ethnicity and socioeconomic status. The chronic infection caused by microorganism can favor the development of severe pathologies such as gastric adenocarcinoma. In this sense, early diagnosis is essential for a better prognosis and therapeutic success. Several diagnostic methods performed using invasive and non-invasive techniques, with different sensitivity and specificity, have been used in the detection of H. pylori. Objective: To compare the performance of the molecular and histopathological technique used in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Methods: 76 gastric tissue samples were collected from dyspeptic patients who underwent molecular and histopathological diagnosis. Molecular detection was performed using the ribosomal gene (16S rRNA) using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Results: The PCR-based molecular diagnostic method detected the bacterium in 63.1% of the samples, while the histopathological test identified the microorganism in only 38.1% of gastric biopsies. The data demonstrated that the PCR technique was about 1.6 times more sensitive than the histopathological technique. Conclusion: The PCR technique was the most efficient diagnostic method for detecting H. pylori and can be implemented in the laboratory routine as a complementary test for the early detection of H. pylori.

RESUMEN Introducción: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) es una bacteria Gram negativa considerada agente etiológico de diversas enfermedades gástricas. La prevalencia de la infección bacteriana varía según la edad, la ubicación geográfica, la etnia y el nivel socioeconómico. La infección crónica provocada por esos microorganismos puede favorecer el desarrollo de patologías graves como el adenocarcinoma gástrico. Por esa razón, el diagnóstico precoz es fundamental para un mejor pronóstico y éxito terapéutico. En la detección de H. pylori se han utilizado varios métodos de diagnóstico realizados mediante técnicas invasivas y no invasivas, con diferentes sensibilidad y especificidad. Objetivo: Comparar el desempeño de las técnicas moleculares e histopatológicas utilizadas en el diagnóstico de la infección por H. pylori. Métodos: Se recolectaron 76 muestras de tejido gástrico de pacientes dispépticos y se las sometieron a diagnóstico molecular e histopatológico. La detección molecular se realizó mediante el gen ribosómico (ARNr 16S) mediante la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). Resultados: El método molecular de diagnóstico basado en PCR detectó la bacteria en el 63,1% de las muestras, mientras que la prueba histopatológica identificó el microorganismo en solo el 38,1% de las biopsias gástricas. Los datos demostraron que la técnica de PCR era aproximadamente 1,6 veces más sensible que la técnica histopatológica. Conclusión: La técnica de PCR fue el método diagnóstico más eficaz para la detección de H. pylori y puede implementarse en la rutina del laboratorio como prueba complementaria para la detección precoz de H. pylori.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20210037 1 downloads

Cheese whey exploitation in Brazil: a questionnaire survey
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TRINDADE, Monika B.

; SOARES, Bruna C. V.

; SCUDINO, Hugo

; GUIMARÃES, Jonas T.

; ESMERINO, Erick A.

; FREITAS, Mônica Q.

; PIMENTEL, Tatiana C.

; SILVA, Marcia Cristina

; SOUZA, Simone L. Q.

; ALMADA, Rafael B.

; CRUZ, Adriano G.

Food Science and Technology

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sep 2019, Volume 39 N. 3 Pages 788 - 791

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to carry out a diagnosis of the cheese whey exploitation by the Brazilian dairy industry using a questionnaire survey. The dairy industries (n=100) were mainly from Southeast (55%) and South (25%) regions and supervised by the Federal Inspection System (80%). Most of them produced (67%) and processed (60%) sweet cheese whey, using it in whey dairy beverages (60%), Ricotta (20%), whey concentrate (15%), and milk blends (5%), which were resold for supermarkets (53%) or industries (20%). However, 27% of the industries discard whey in the effluent treatment system or use as animal feed, suggesting a market for using this by-product.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.07419 1274 downloads

Trypanosoma cruzi seroprevalence among solid organ donors in Ceará State, Brazil
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Costa, Alanna Carla da

; Silva Filho, José Damião da

; Rocha, Eduardo Arrais

; Andrade, Mônica Coelho

; Fidalgo, Arduina Sofia Ortet de Barros Vasconcelos

; Almeida, Eliana Régia Barbosa

; Viana, Carlos Eduardo Menezes

; Freitas, Erlane Chaves

; Coelho, Ivo Castelo Branco

; Oliveira, Maria de Fátima

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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oct 2018, Volume 51 N. 5 Pages 616 - 621

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The transmission of Chagas disease (CD) through blood transfusion, organ transplantation, and oral transmission has gained greater visibility as a result of intensified vector control activities in endemic regions and to control CD in non-endemic regions. In Brazil, Ceará is one of the states that perform the most organ transplants. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in organ donor candidates. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on data from potential organ donors at the Center of Transplantation of the State of Ceará from 2010 - 2015. RESULTS: Data from a total of 2,822 potential donors were obtained, of which 1,038 were effective donors and 1,784 were excluded, likely due to lack of family authorization or medical contraindication. The prevalence of T. cruzi infection among these potential donors was 1.3% (n = 29). The majority of infected donors were males aged 41 - 60 years, residing in the interior of the state. Interestingly, 72.4% (n = 21) had positive or inconclusive serology for additional infections, such as cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B and C, and toxoplasmosis. Probability analysis revealed that stroke was the most common cause of death among potential donors with CD. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high prevalence of CD and other coinfections among potential solid organ donors in Ceará, and statistical tests have shown that these individuals are at increased risk of stroke when compared to potential non-reactive donors. This work highlights the importance of screening DC infection in potential donors.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0406-2017 1045 downloads

Insect vectors of Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi) in Northeastern Brazil
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Fidalgo, Arduina Sofia Ortet de Barros Vasconcelos

; Costa, Alanna Carla da

; Silva Filho, José Damião da

; Cândido, Darlan da Silva

; Freitas, Erlane Chaves

; Pereira, Laíse dos Santos

; Andrade, Mônica Coelho de

; Gomes, Kátia Cristina Morais Soares

; Bezerra, Cláudia Mendonça

; Oliveira, Maria de Fátima

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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apr 2018, Volume 51 N. 2 Pages 174 - 182

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease remains a public health problem in the rural and urban areas of 19 countries in the Americas. METHODS: The aim of the present study was to investigate the Trypanosoma cruzi infection rate of triatomines collected from both intra- and peridomiciliary areas in eleven municipalities of Southeastern Ceará, Brazil, from 2009 to 2015. RESULTS: A total of 32,364 triatomine specimens, including nymphs and adults, were collected, and 31,736 (98.06%) of these were examined. More nymphs were collected than adults, and the greatest number of triatomines (n = 8,548) was collected in 2010, for which the infection rate was 1.3%, with the highest rate of infections observed for specimens from Quixere. The species collected during the study were identified as Triatoma pseudomaculata, Triatoma brasiliensis, Panstrongylus megistus, Panstrongylus lutzi, and Rhodnius nasutus, with T. pseudomaculata being the most abundant (n = 19,962). CONCLUSIONS: These results verify the presence of triatomines in both intra- and peridomiciliary areas, thereby ensuring persistence of the pathogen and consequently, the disease, as the presence of infected vectors in households is an important risk factor. According to these findings, the Chagas Disease Control Program should intensify its efforts in order to prevent the spread of the disease.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0408-2017 2265 downloads

IV Brazilian Consensus on Rhinitis - an update on allergic rhinitis,
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Sakano, Eulalia

; Sarinho, Emanuel S.C.

; Cruz, Alvaro A.

; Pastorino, Antonio C.

; Tamashiro, Edwin

; Kuschnir, Fábio

; Castro, Fábio F.M.

; Romano, Fabrizio R.

; Wandalsen, Gustavo F.

; Chong-Neto, Herberto J.

; Mello Jr., João F. de

; Silva, Luciana R.

; Rizzo, Maria Cândida

; Miyake, Mônica A.M.

; Rosário Filho, Nelson A.

; Rubini, Norma de Paula M.

; Mion, Olavo

; Camargos, Paulo A.

; Roithmann, Renato

; Godinho, Ricardo N.

; Pignatari, Shirley Shizue N.

; Sih, Tania

; Anselmo-Lima, Wilma T.

; Solé, Dirceu

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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jan 2018, Volume 84 N. 1 Pages 3 - 14

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução As diretrizes sobre rinite alergica visam atualizar os conhecimentos sobre a doença e os cuidados para com esses pacientes. A iniciativa designada "Rinite Alergica e seu Impacto na Asma", cujo relatorio inicial foi publicado em 2001 e atualizada em 2008 e 2010, tem sido muito bem sucedida na disseminaçao de informaçoes e evidencias, bem como na formulaçao da classificaçao de gravidade e proposta de sistematizaçao do tratamento. Entretanto, visando a participaçao de outros profissionais medicos no atendimento da rinite alergica, e importante o desenvolvimento de algoritmos que indiquem com precisao o que deve e pode ser feito regionalmente. Objetivo Atualizar o III Consenso Brasileiro sobre Rinites-2012, com elaboraçao de algoritmo para conduta da rinite alergica. Método Foram convidados 24 especialistas indicados pelas Associaçao Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia, Associaçao Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cervico-Facial e Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria para atualizaçao do documento de 2012. Resultados A atualizaçao do ultimo Consenso Brasileiro sobre Rinites, incorporou e adaptou para a realidade brasileira as informaçoes relevantes publicadas em todos os documentos da Iniciativa "Rinite Alergica e seu Impacto na Asma", trazendo novos conceitos como a rinite alergica local, novos medicamentos e metodos de avaliaçao de tratamento. Conclusão Proposto um fluxograma de tratamento para a rinite alergica.

Abstract Introduction The guidelines on allergic rhinitis aim to update knowledge about the disease and care for affected patients. The initiative called "Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma", initially published in 2001 and updated in 2008 and 2010, has been very successful in disseminating information and evidence, as well as providing a classification of severity and proposing a systemized treatment protocol. In order to include the participation of other medical professionals in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, it is important to develop algorithms that accurately indicate what should and can be done regionally. Objective To update the III Brazilian Consensus on Rhinitis - 2012, with the creation of an algorithm for allergic rhinitis management. Methods We invited 24 experts nominated by the Brazilian Association of Allergy and Immunology, Brazilian Association of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery and Brazilian Society of Pediatrics to update the 2012 document. Results The update of the last Brazilian Consensus on Rhinitis incorporated and adapted the relevant information published in all "Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma" Initiative documents to the Brazilian scenario, bringing new concepts such as local allergic rhinitis, new drugs and treatment evaluation methods. Conclusion A flowchart for allergic rhinitis treatment has been proposed.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2017.10.006 26131 downloads

Synergistic Effect of Adsorption and Enzymatic Conversion in the Bisphenol-A Removal by Laccase Immobilized on Poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate)
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Melo, Claudinei F.

; Silva, Leandro A.

; Costa, Luciana C.

; Marques, Monica R. C.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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nov 2017, Volume 28 N. 11 Pages 2192 - 2201

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Carriers with different functional groups (epoxy, aldehyde, ethyldiazonium, phenyldiazonium and amino) were tested for immobilization of T. versicolor laccase on GMA-co-EGDMA (glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) microspheres. Laccase immobilized on GMA-co-EGDMA containing the phenyldiazonium functional group showed the highest activity (96.3 U g-1). The immobilized laccase was used for removal of bisphenol-A (BPA) from aqueous solution. The temperature effect was significant on activity, but insignificant on BPA removal by the immobilized laccase. In the temperature range 10-60 °C, the removal of BPA by laccase in the immobilized form was about four times higher than that in the free form. Swelling does not affect the activity of immobilized laccase, but after 8 cycles of 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) oxidation, non-swollen immobilized laccase was able to retain 71% of the starting activity while the 24 h swollen kept 61%. At neutral pH, adsorption onto the immobilized laccase accounted for 92% of the BPA removed while enzymatic conversion accounted for 8%. However, when increasing the pH to 10, the fraction of BPA removed by adsorption decreased to 67% and by enzymatic conversion increased to 33%.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20170070 612 downloads

Muscle biopsies in dermatomyositis and polymyositis: practical relevance of analyzing different levels of histological sections of the same muscular compartment
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Diaz, Monica T. M.

; Fraga, Priscila S.

; Silva, Marilda G.

; Shinjo, Samuel K.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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jun 2017, Volume 53 N. 3 Pages 196 - 201

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução: É frequente na prática médica encontrar achados histológicos com aspectos dentro da normalidade em biópsias musculares de pacientes com dermatomiosite (DM) ou polimiosite (PM). Isso se deve ao fato de, por exemplo, o infiltrado inflamatório ocorrer em focos. Objetivos: Avaliar os aspectos morfológicos e o infiltrado inflamatório em diversos níveis histológicos, bem como correlacionar esses achados com os dados clínicos, laboratoriais e terapêuticos dos pacientes. Métodos: Estudo transversal no qual foram avaliadas biópsias musculares de 34 pacientes (DM e PM). Para cada bloco de biópsia muscular/paciente, foram realizados três níveis de cortes histológicos (I, II e III), com intervalos de 400 µm entre os níveis adjacentes (I × II e II × III). Foram analisados semiquantitativamente os seguintes parâmetros entre os níveis adjacentes: características das fibras musculares, tecido conjuntivo, vasos e presença de infiltrado de células inflamatórias. Resultados: O tempo entre a realização da biópsia muscular e o início de sintomas dos pacientes com DM e PM foi, respectivamente, de 5,5 e 3,5 meses. Todos os parâmetros histológicos analisados variaram entre os níveis e não se correlacionaram com os dados demográficos, clínicos, laboratoriais e terapêuticos pré-biópsia muscular (p > 0,05). Conclusão: Nossos resultados reforçam a importância de avaliar diferentes níveis de cortes histológicos de um mesmo bloco de biópsia muscular com o objetivo de minimizar eventuais resultados falso negativos. Além disso, os dados evidenciam que, além do infiltrado inflamatório, os demais parâmetros histológicos analisados também ocorrem em focos, justificando a dissociação entre esses parâmetros e a clínica dos pacientes.

ABSTRACT Introdution: It is frequent in medical practice to have findings with normal aspects in histological muscle biopsies from patients with dermatomyositis (DM) or polymyositis (PM). This happens because, for example, the inflammatory infiltrate occurs in foci. Objectives: To evaluate the morphological and histological inflammatory infiltrate in various histological section levels. In addition, to correlate these findings with patients’ clinical, laboratory and therapeutic data. Methods: Cross-sectional study in which muscle biopsies from 34 patients were evaluated (DM and PM). From each muscle/patient biopsy block, three levels of histological sections were made (I, II, III) with 400-µm interval between adjacent levels (I × II, and II × III). Semi-quantitative analyses were performed in the following parameters between the adjacent levels: muscle fiber features, conjunctive tissue, vessels, presence of inflammatory cell infiltration. Results: Time spans between muscle biopsy and symptom onset of DM and PM patients were 5.5 and 3.5 months, respectively. All histological parameters analyzed varied between levels and did not correlate with the demographic, clinical, laboratory and therapeutic data before muscle biopsy (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Our results stress the importance of evaluating different levels of histological sections from the same muscle biopsy block, in order to minimize possible false-negative results. In addition, the data reinforce that besides the inflammatory infiltrate, the other histological parameters analyzed also occur in foci, justifying the dissociation between these parameters and clinical patients.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20170031 2829 downloads

Survey of pyrethroid, macrocyclic lactone and antibacterial residues in bulk milk tank from Minas Gerais State, Brazil
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Picinin, Lidia C.A.

; Toaldo, Isabela M.

; Hoff, Rodrigo B.

; Souza, Fernando N.

; Leite, Mônica O.

; Fonseca, Leorges M.

; Diniz, Soraia A.

; Silva, Marcos X.

; Cerqueira, Mônica M.O.P.

; Bordignon-Luiz, Marilde T.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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feb 2017, Volume 37 N. 2 Pages 97 - 104

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Avaliou-se a presença de 42 analitos, incluindo piretróides, lactonas macrocíclicas e antimicrobianos em 132 amostras de leite de tanque proveniente de 45 propriedades leiteiras localizadas no Estado de Minas Gerais. Para tal, utilizou-se a cromatografia líquida acoplada a espectrofotometria de massas tandem e cromatografia gasosa com detector com captura de elétrons. Dentre todas as amostras de leite, 40 (30,30%) amostras de leite de tanque apresentaram a presença de pelo menos um analito, enquanto 16 amostras (12,12%) de leite demonstraram a presença de pelo menos dois analitos. Considerando os limites estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira, 11 amostras de leite (8,33%) seriam consideradas como não conforme. Ademais, os testes de triagem para detecção de antimicrobianos no leite não conseguiram identificar a maioria das amostras positivas nos testes confirmatórios, levando a grande discrepância entre estes testes. Desta forma, os resultados do presente estudo indicam que os períodos de descarte do leite, especialmente para piretróides, não foram plenamente respeitados por todos os produtores de leite. Além disto, uma discrepância entre os resultados dos testes confirmatórios e os testes de triagem foi observada.

ABSTRACT: A survey of veterinary drug residues in bulk milk tank from Minas Gerais State, Brazil, was carried out through a broad scope analysis. Here, 132 raw milk samples were collected at 45 dairy farms in Minas Gerais from August 2009 to February 2010, and analyzed for 42 analytes, comprising pyrethroids, macrocyclic lactones and antibacterials, using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry in tandem mode and gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Within all milk samples, at least one veterinary drug residue was identified in 40 milk samples (30.30%) by confirmatory tests, whereas 16 samples (12.12%) showed the presence of at least two residues. With regard to the Brazilian maximum residue levels, 11 milk samples (8.33%) were non-compliant according to Brazilian Legislation. The veterinary drugs detected in the non-compliant milk samples include penicillin V (one sample), abamectin (one sample) and cypermethrin (nine samples). Furthermore, the antibacterial screening methods failed to identify most of the positive samples that were detected by confirmatory tests, leading to a large discrepancy between the screening and confirmatory antimicrobial tests. Thus, the present study indicated that the veterinary drugs residues still represents a great concern for the milk production chain.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2017000200001 1369 downloads

10.

First record of the genus Tropidia Lindl. (Orchidaceae) for Brazil
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Koch, Ana Kelly

; Hall, Climbiê Ferreira

; Smidt, Eric

; Almeida, Audia Brito Rodrigues de

; Bolson, Mônica

; Silva, Celice Alexandre

Hoehnea

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dec 2016, Volume 43 N. 4 Pages 521 - 528

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O gênero Tropidia é composto por ca. 20-30 espécies distribuídas pelo sul da Ásia, ilhas do Pacífico Sul, norte da Australia, e uma única espécie ocorrendo também na América, desde os Estados Unidos até o Equador. O primeiro registro do gênero Tropidia para o Brasil é apresentado aqui. A espécie é Tropidia polystachya, encontrada no bioma Cerrado, no Centro Oeste do Brasil. Neste trabalho são fornecidos para a espécie uma descrição, ilustração, fotos e um mapa de distribuição. Adicionalmente, foi estudada a anatomia foliar da espécie, que apresenta morfologia muito similar a das folhas de outras espécies de Tropidieae que já foram estudadas. Sequência de DNA de T. polystachya são apresentadas (plastidial, matK e rbcL, e nuclear, ITS) afim de complementar futuros estudos filogenéticos com o gênero.

ABSTRACT The genus Tropidia is composed of ca. 20-30 species distributed in southern Asia, South Pacific islands and northern Australia, and a single species occurring in America, from United States to Ecuador. The first record of the genus Tropidia for Brazil is presented here. It consists of Tropidia polystachya, a species found in the Cerrado biome, Midwestern Brazil. Description, illustration, photos, and distribution map of the species are provided. Additionally, the leaf anatomy of the species was studied and it is very similar to the leaves of other species of Tropidieae described so far. DNA sequences of T. polystachya are presented (plastid matK and rbcL and nuclear ITS) in order to assist future phylogenetic studies with the genus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-33/2016 1266 downloads

11.

PREVALENCE OF CHAGAS DISEASE IN A RURAL AREA IN THE STATE OF CEARA, BRAZIL
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FREITAS, Erlane Chaves

; OLIVEIRA, Maria de Fátima

; ANDRADE, Mônica Coelho

; VASCONCELOS, Arduina Sofia Ortet de Barros

; SILVA FILHO, José Damião da

; CÂNDIDO, Darlan da Silva

; PEREIRA, Laíse dos Santos

; CORREIA, João Paulo Ramalho

; CRUZ, José Napoleão Monte da

; CAVALCANTI, Luciano Pamplona de Góes

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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oct 2015, Volume 57 N. 5 Pages 431 - 433

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A doença de Chagas é causada pelo Trypanosoma cruzi e atinge cerca de dois a três milhões de pessoas no Brasil, permanecendo como importante problema de saúde pública. Foi realizado um estudo em área rural do município de Limoeiro do Norte - CE, nordeste do Brasil, com o objetivo de conhecer a prevalência da infecção chagásica. Foram examinados 52% dos habitantes, dentre os quais 2,6% (4/154) apresentaram sorologia reagente em pelo menos dois testes sorológicos. Todos os positivos tinham idade superior a 50 anos, eram agricultores, com baixa escolaridade e renda familiar inferior a três salários mínimos. A busca ativa pode ser uma alternativa para o diagnóstico precoce dessa doença.

SUMMARY Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and affects about two to three million people in Brazil, still figuring as an important public health problem. A study was conducted in a rural area of the municipality of Limoeiro do Norte - CE, northeastern Brazil, aiming to determine the prevalence of T. cruzi infection. Of the inhabitants, 52% were examined, among whom 2.6% (4/154) were seropositive in at least two serological tests. All seropositive individuals were older than 50 years, farmers, with a low education and a family income of less than three minimum wages. Active surveillance may be an alternative for early detection of this disease.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652015000500011 1891 downloads

12.

Análise da hidratação de grãos de alpiste
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Lisbôa, Jemima F.

; Silva, José N.

; Cavalcanti, Mônica T.

; Silva, Emanuelle M. C. A.

; Gonçalves, Mônica C.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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mar 2015, Volume 19 N. 3 Pages 218 - 223

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Neste trabalho se objetivou estudar o fenômeno de hidratação em grãos de alpiste (Phalaris canariensis L.) em diferentes temperaturas. Foram utilizados grãos secos de alpiste, embebidos em água destilada, nas temperaturas de 10, 25 e 45 °C. O aumento da temperatura resultou em aumento da taxa de absorção de água e o modelo de Peleg se ajustou satisfatoriamente aos dados experimentais. O coeficiente efetivo de difusão aumentou com a variação crescente da temperatura, de 2,396 até 2,428×10-13 m2 s-1. A dependência do coeficiente efetivo de difusão com a temperatura pode ser descrita pela relação de Arrhenius apresentando, para a faixa de temperatura estudada, a magnitude da energia de ativação aparente para o processo de 39,239 ± 4,3463.

The objective of this work was to study the hydration of grains of birdseed (Phalaris canariensis L.) at different temperatures. Dried birdseed beans were used embedded in distilled water at temperatures of 10, 25 and 45 °C. Increasing the temperature resulted in higher water absorption rate and the model of Peleg adjusted satisfactorily to experimental data. The effective diffusion coefficient increased with increasing temperature from 2.396 to 2.428 × 10-13 m2 s-1. The dependence of the effective diffusion coefficient on temperature can be described by the Arrhenius relationship, presenting, for the studied temperature range, the magnitude of the apparent activation energy for the process of 39.239 ± 4.3463.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n3p218-223 2159 downloads

13.

DISPOSITIVOS DGT MODIFICADOS COM MATERIAIS ALTERNATIVOS PARA USO NA ESPECIAÇÃO DE ELEMENTOS TRAÇO
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Chostak, Cristiano L.

; Campos, Mônica S. de

; Silva, Simone B. da

; Abate, Gilberto

; Grassi, Marco T.

Química Nova

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mar 2015, Volume 38 N. 3 Pages 356 - 363

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

The use of MT-K10 Montmorillonite immobilized onto agarose was investigated in this work as an alternative binding phase in Diffusive Gradient in Thin Film (DGT) devices for the determination of metallic labile species. In addition, agarose itself was also used as the diffusive phase. The percentage of sorption of Zn2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, Mn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, and Ni2+ onto the binding phase was higher than 80% and the desorption process for all elements was also greater than 75%. Elution factors were determined experimentally, ranging from 0.74 for Zn2+ and 0.90 for Cr3+ and Pb2+. The accumulation of all species was linear with time, in agreement with the Fick's 1st law of diffusion. The deployment of the alternative devices in natural waters was compared to commercial devices. Labile concentrations determined by the alternative devices were slightly superior compared to results obtained with the deployment of original DGT devices due to the less restrictive pores of agarose.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0100-4042.20150016 1439 downloads

14.

Seroepidemiological analysis of toxoplasmosis in college students
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Rodrigues, Jaqueline Polizeli

; Frei, Fernando

; Navarro, Italmar Teodorico

; Silva, Luciana Pereira

; Marcelino, Monica Yonashiro

; Andrade-Junior, Heitor Franco de

; Faria, Carolina Arruda de

; Santos, Marislene

; Ribeiro-Paes, João Tadeu

Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases

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2015, Volume 21 Pages 1 - 7

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Background Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by an obligate intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, which affects warm-blooded animals including humans. Its prevalence rates usually vary in different regions of the planet. Methods In this study, an analysis of the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among Brazilian students was proposed by means of IgG specific antibodies detection. The presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondiiantibodies by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was also evaluated in order to compare it with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and to assess the use of 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride chromogens. Results The IFAT method showed a seroprevalence of 22.3%. These results were similar to those obtained by ELISA (24.1%). The seroprevalence was directly estimated from the IgG avidity, which showed that in a sample of 112 students, three of them had acute infection, an incidence of 1.6% in the studied population. Conclusion In this study, the use of different chromogenic substrates in immunoenzymatic ELISA assays did not display different sensitivity in the detection of T. gondii-reagent serum. The extrapolation of results to this population must be carefully considered, since the investigation was conducted on a reduced sample. However, it allows us to emphasize the importance of careful and well prepared studies to identify risk factors for toxoplasmosis, to adopt preventive measures and to offer guidance to at-risk populations about the disease.

https://doi.org/10.1186/1678-9199-21-1 1348 downloads

15.

Performance of the Visual Analogue Scale of Happiness and of the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia in the Tremembé Epidemiological Study, Brazil
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César, Karolina G.

; Brucki, Sonia M.D.

; Takada, Leonel T.

; Nascimento, Luiz Fernando C.

; Gomes, Camila M.S.

; Almeida, Milena C.S.

; Oliveira, Maira O.

; Porto, Fábio H.G.

; Senaha, Mirna L.H.

; Bahia, Valéria S.

; Silva, Thaís Bento L.

; Ianof, Jéssica N.

; Spíndola, Lívia

; Schmidt, Magali T.

; Jorge, Mário S.

; Vale, Patrícia H.F.

; Cecchini, Mário A.

; Cassimiro, Luciana

; Soares, Roger T.

; Gonçalves, Márcia R.

; Smid, Jerusa

; Porto, Claudia S.

; Carthery-Goulart, Maria Teresa

; Yassuda, Mônica S.

; Mansur, Letícia L.

; Nitrini, Ricardo

Dementia & Neuropsychologia

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dec 2014, Volume 8 N. 4 Pages 389 - 393

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A depressão é um problema importante e crescente de saúde pública. É muito comum ser encontrada uma relação significativa entre depressão e a presença de distúrbios cognitivos nos estudos populacionais. Objetivo: Estabelecer a correlação entre a Escala Analógica Visual de Felicidade e a Escala Cornell de Depressão em Demência na população de 60 anos ou mais da cidade de Tremembé, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico no qual foram realizadas visitas domiciliares na cidade de Tremembé. A amostra foi aleatória, através do sorteio de 20% da população acima de 60 anos de cada setor censitário do município. Este estudo foi de fase única, tendo sido realizada anamnese, exames físico e neurológico, avaliação cognitiva e aplicação de escalas Cornell de Depressão em Demência e Escala Analógica de Felicidade para verificar a presença de sintomas depressivos. Foi adotado como critério da presença de sintomas depressivos, pontuação maior ou igual a 8 na escala de Cornell. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 623 pessoas e destas 251 (40,3%) apresentaram sintomas depressivos significativos clinicamente na escala de Cornell, com associação significativa com gênero feminino (p<0,001) e com a baixa escolaridade (p=0,012). Cento e trinta e seis participantes (21,8%) apontaram para faces de infelicidade, com associação significativa com idade (p<0,001), com gênero feminino (p=0,020) e com baixo nível socioeconômico (p=0,012). Embora tenha havido significância estatística no teste de correlação, a correlação entre as duas escalas analisadas não foi alta (rho=0,47). Conclusão: A prevalência de sintomas depressivos foi elevada nesta amostra e a Escala Analógica de Felicidade e a Escala Cornell de Depressão em Demência não devem ser utilizadas como alternativas similares para avaliar a presença de sintomas depressivos, pelo menos em populações com baixa escolaridade.

Depression is a major growing public health problem. Many population studies have found a significant relationship between depression and the presence of cognitive disorders. OBJECTIVE: To establish the correlation between the Visual Analogue Scale of Happiness and the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia in the population aged 60 years or over in the city of Tremembé, state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: An epidemiological survey involving home visits was carried out in the city of Tremembé. The sample was randomly selected by drawing 20% of the population aged 60 years or older from each of the city's census sectors. In this single-phase study, the assessment included clinical history, physical and neurological examination, cognitive evaluation, and application of both the Cornell Scale and the Analogue Scale of Happiness for psychiatric symptoms. The presence of depressive symptoms was defined as scores greater than or equal to 8 points on the Cornell Scale. RESULTS: A total of 623 subjects were evaluated and of these 251 (40.3%) had clinically significant depressive symptoms on the Cornell Scale, with a significant association with female gender (p<0.001) and with lower education (p=0.012). One hundred and thirty-six participants (21.8%) chose the unhappiness faces, with a significant association with age (p<0.001), female gender (p=0.020) and low socioeconomic status (p=0.012). Although there was a statistically significant association on the correlation test, the correlation was not high (rho=0.47). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was high in this sample and the Visual Analogue Scale of Happiness and Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia should not be used as similar alternatives for evaluating the presence of depressive symptoms, at least in populations with low educational level.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-57642014DN84000014 1582 downloads

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