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Integrated fish and livestock farming is an ancient practice and is used to increase production per unit area and reduce the environmental impact caused by untreated animal excreta. Although integrated aquaculture has been used in some countries, including Brazil, this practice has declined. However, many pig farmers maintain their ponds and/or have rivers near their pig farms, allowing raw manure to drain to them. The objective of this work was to verify the possibility of infection of fish by porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) and, thus, serving as a reservoir species. Eleven specimens of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), negative for PCV2, were inoculated with PCV2 intramuscularly and observed for 61 d post-inoculation (dpi), when they were euthanized and had their intestines, livers and gills removed to evaluate for presence of PCV2. The faeces were collected directly from the fish aquarium every four days up to 12 dpi and then once a week up to 61 dpi. The organs and faeces were tested by qualitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for PCV2. This preliminary study showed that PCV2 inoculation was successful in infecting fish. In addition, PCV2 was eliminated in the faeces intermittently during the 61 d of experimentation.

https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v54i1.11

UPLC-QTOF-MSE-Based Metabolic Profile to Screening Candidates of Biomarkers of Dwarf-Cashew Clones Resistant and Susceptible to Anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz) Penz. & Sacc.)
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Alves, Priscilla C. C.

; Guedes, Jhonyson A. C.

; Serrano, Luiz A. L.

; Martins, Marlon V. V.

; Sousa, Debora B. de

; Silva, Gisele S.

; Ribeiro, Paulo R. V.

; Zampieri, Dávila S.

; Zocolo, Guilherme J.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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nov 2023, Volume 34 N. 11 Pages 1652 - 1668

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Investigating specialized plant metabolites, traditionally referred to as ‘secondary metabolites’ present in leaf extracts of cashew trees (Anacardium occidentale) resistant and susceptible to anthracnose disease was carried out using metabolomics combined with chemometric tools. We used clones of dwarf-cashew with the following variations of characteristics: resistant and healthy (CCP 76, BRS 226, BRS 189), susceptible and healthy (BRS 265), and another clone also susceptible but affected by the disease (BRS 265). The UPLC-QTOF-MSE (ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry) analysis of the leaves of Anacardium clones allowed us to annotate a total of 39 metabolites. The multiple orthogonal partial discriminant analysis of the least-squares (OPLS-DA) allowed twelve metabolites to be potential biomarkers of differentiation among the clones studied. Namely, the triene-(17:3)-anacardic acid found on CCP 76 and BRS 189 clones, respectively, is the main candidate for biomarker of resistance. While catechin, B-type procyanidin isomers, and procyanidin dimer monogallate identified in BRS 265 are significant potential biomarkers of susceptibility.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230097

Pesticide Determination in Fresh Coconut Water (Cocos nucifera Linn.) by GC-MS Using Microwave-Assisted Liquid-Liquid Extraction
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Nakamura, Thamilin C.

; Rego, Enoc L. do

; Souza, Jurandir R. de

; Diniz, Paulo H. G. D.

; Silva, José D. S. da

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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nov 2023, Volume 34 N. 11 Pages 1707 - 1716

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Fresh coconut (Cocos nucifera) water, a popular beverage in tropical countries, is often exposed to pesticide contamination due to agricultural practices. Thus, this work proposed the simultaneous determination of 36 pesticides in fresh coconut water samples using liquid-liquid extraction, drying assisted by a household microwave oven, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Limits of detection varied from 5.4 (disulfoton) to 9.6 ng L-1 (parathion-methyl). Nine pesticide residues were detected (dimethoate, γ-HCH, β-HCH, 4,4’-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, endosulfan II, 4,4’-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, 4,4’-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, endrin ketone, and methoxychlor) with concentrations from < limit of quantification to 5,768.34 ± 1.64 ng L-1. Dimethoate was quantified in all samples, indicating its recent use. The proposed methodology offers several advantages, including the use of small sample volumes and solvent extraction, which eliminates the need for costly cartridges and reduces waste production. Additionally, the obtained results can be valuable for regulatory agencies, aiding in the mitigation of environmental damage and the protection of human health.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230125

Long-term oncological and surgical outcomes after Video Endoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy (VEIL) in patients with penile cancer
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Tobias-Machado, Marcos

; Ornellas, Antonio A.

; Hidaka, Alexandre K.

; Medina, Luis G.

; Mattos, Pablo A. L.

; Besio, Ruben S.

; Abreu, Diego

; Castro, Pedro R.

; Nishimoto, Ricardo H.

; Astigueta, Juan

; Dourado, Aurus

; Machado, Roberto D.

; Magnabosco, Wesley J.

; Corona-Montes, Victor

; Villoldo, Gustavo M.

; Zampolli, Hamilton C.

; Taha, Anis

; Auad, Pericles R.

; Faria, Eliney F.

; Arantes, Paulo B. O.

; Tavares, Alessandro

; Nascimento, Francisco S. M. S.

; Brazão Jr., Eder S.

; Rocha, Maurício M.

; Costa, Walter H.

; Panico, Vinicius

; Reis, Leonardo O.

; Almeida-Carrera, Roberto J.

; Silva, Rafael C.

; Zequi, Stênio C.

; Calixto, José R. R.

; Sotelo, Rene

International braz j urol

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oct 2023, Volume 49 N. 5 Pages 580 - 589

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: To report outcomes from the largest multicenter series of penile cancer patients undergoing video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VEIL). Materials and Methods: Retrospective multicenter analysis. Authors of 21 centers from the Penile Cancer Collaborative Coalition-Latin America (PeC-LA) were included. All centers performed the procedure following the same previously described standardized technique. Inclusion criteria included penile cancer patients with no palpable lymph nodes and intermediate/high-risk disease and those with non-fixed palpable lymph nodes less than 4 cm in diameter. Categorical variables are shown as percentages and frequencies whereas continuous variables as mean and range. Results: From 2006 to 2020, 210 VEIL procedures were performed in 105 patients. Mean age was 58 (45-68) years old. Mean operative time was 90 minutes (60-120). Mean lymph node yield was 10 nodes (6-16). Complication rate was 15.7%, including severe complications in 1.9% of procedures. Lymphatic and skin complications were noted in 8.6 and 4.8% of patients, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed lymph node involvement in 26.7% of patients with non-palpable nodes. Inguinal recurrence was observed in 2.8% of patients. 10y- overall survival was 74.2% and 10-y cancer specific survival was 84.8%. CSS for pN0, pN1, pN2 and pN3 were 100%, 82.4%, 72.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Conclusion: VEIL seems to offer appropriate long term oncological control with minimal morbidity. In the absence of non-invasive stratification measures such as dynamic sentinel node biopsy, VEIL emerged as the alternative for the management of non-bulky lymph nodes in penile cancer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0065

Characterization of Flavonoids Profiles in Polar Extracts from Croton grewioides Baill. Using Ultra-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Baill UltraHigh Ultra High
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Nascimento, Pedro E. S. do

; Prado, Vilma M. J.

; Jesus, Raphael A. de

; Silva, Wenes R. da

; Wisniewski Jr., Alberto

; Sá Filho, José C. F.

; Blank, Arie F.

; Souza, Daniel A. de

; Wartha, Elma R. S. A.

; Nogueira, Paulo C. L.

; Moraes, Valéria R. S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jul 2023, Volume 34 N. 7 Pages 937 - 948

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Research to identify plant bioactive compounds led to the evolution of extraction methods. This study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to extract the flavonoids of Croton grewioides Baill. species contributing to characterize the polar extract profile and understand the antioxidant potential of these plant constituents. The use of experimental design and statistical treatments enabled the determination of the ideal conditions for each technique. The extracts of five accessions of C. grewioides were obtained under the optimized extraction conditions and were analyzed using ultra high-resolution mass spectrometry (FT-Orbitrap MS) operating at negative ionization mode for flavonoids detection. The accurate experimental mass obtained to the main compounds was used to attribute the molecular formula. Chemical structures of the main compounds detected were proposed using structure data bases. Chemometric analysis were performed with two FT-Orbitrap MS spectra samples using the identified metabolites and, the antioxidant activity data, showing that for this species the MAE was most effective in extracting the antioxidant compounds. It was possible to propose the structures for forty compounds in the C. grewioides extracts, demonstrating the excellent performance of the FT-Orbitrap MS in providing information on the chemical profile of polar compounds in plant extracts. methods ultrasoundassisted ultrasound assisted UAE (UAE microwaveassisted microwave (MAE Baill constituents technique C highresolution high resolution FTOrbitrap FT Orbitrap detection formula bases

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230004

Economic gains using organic P source and inoculation with P-solubilizing bacteria in sugarcane
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Silva, Antonio M. M.

; Pimenta, Lucas S.

; Qi, Xue

; J. B. N. Cardoso, Elke

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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feb 2023, Volume 27 N. 2 Pages 101 - 107

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O agronegócio biológico cresceu substancialmente em todo o mundo, demandando estratégias eficientes para manter ou aumentar a produção vegetal. Entretanto, pouco se conhece a respeito dos reais ganhos econômicos associados aos mecanismos que ocorrem na agricultura, incluindo cultivos tradicionais como a cana-de-açúcar. Buscou-se neste estudo encontrar potenciais indicadores microbiológicos relacionados com o aumento de produtividade e, paralelamente, valorar os serviços microbiológicos do solo por meio do desenvolvimento de uma equação estrutural (SEM). A SEM foi construída com base nos dados prévios de um experimento com cana-de-açúcar a campo, no qual os efeitos da inoculação com bactérias solubilizadoras de fosfato e utilização de fertilizante organomineral foram avaliados. A SEM indicou que as atividades de β-glucosidase e fosfatase alcalina foram potenciais indicadores relacionados ao aumento de produtividade em quatro cenários (atual, plausível, otimista e futurista). Aumentos de 158 e 195 t ha-1 foram projetados com base na atividade de β-glucosidase para os cenários atual e plausível, respectivamente. Estes aumentos resultaram em ganhos econômicos de R$ 453,02 ha-1 (US$ 86,07 ha-1) para o cenário atual, e R$ 1.571,53 ha-1 (US$ 298,59 ha-1) para o cenário plausível, considerando a taxa de câmbio de fevereiro de 2022 (R$ 0,19 US$-1). Independente do cenário, a inoculação bacteriana esteve associada a maiores atividades de β-glucosidase ou fosfatase alcalina e também maiores produtividades, o que se traduziu em ganhos econômicos para os agricultores de cana-de-açúcar.

ABSTRACT Biological agribusiness has grown substantially worldwide and requires efficient strategies to maintain or increase crop production. However, little is known about the real economic gains associated with belowground mechanisms in agriculture, including those of traditional crops such as sugarcane. This study aimed to identify potential microbiological indicators related to yield increase and value the soil microbiological services through the development of a structural equation model (SEM). The SEM was constructed based on a dataset from a previous sugarcane field experiment in which the effects of inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and the input of organomineral fertilizer were evaluated. The SEM indicated that the β-glucosidase and alkaline phosphatase activities were potential indicators of yield increases in four scenarios (current, plausible, optimistic, and futuristic). Increases of 158 and 195 t ha-1 were projected based on the β-glucosidase activity for the current and plausible scenarios, respectively. These increases resulted in economic gains of R$ 453.02 ha-1 (US$ 86.07 ha-1) for the current scenario, and R$ 1,571.53 ha-1 (US$ 298.59 ha-1) for the plausible scenario, considering the exchange rate from February 2022 (R$ 0.19 US$-1). Regardless of the scenario, bacterial inoculation was associated with increased β-glucosidase or alkaline phosphatase activity and higher yields, which translates into economic gains for sugarcane farmers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n2p101-107

The Challenges of Implementing a Text Message Intervention to Promote Behavioral Change in Primary Care Patients With Hypertension and Diabetes
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Oliveira, João Antonio de Queiroz

; Cimini, Christiane

; Almeida, Vania

; Maia, Junia Xavier

; Resende, Raissa Eda

; Gualberto, Leticia Alves

; Santos, Pedro Henrique Lauar

; Gomes, Paulo R.

; Bonisson, Leonardo

; Paixão, Maria Cristina

; Costa, Janaina Moutinho

; Cardoso, Clareci Silva

; Santo, Karla

; Ribeiro, Antonio

; Martins, Maria Auxiliadora

; Marcolino, Milena S.

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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2023, Volume 36 elocation e20220050

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Controlling blood pressure and glycemic levels is a challenge that requires innovative solutions. Objective To assess the feasibility of implementing a text message intervention among low-income primary care patients, as well as to assess self-reported behavioral change. Methods A set of 200 text messages was developed on healthy eating, physical activity, adherence, and motivation. Participants from Vale do Mucuri, MG, Brazil diagnosed with diabetes or hypertension or undergoing screening for those diseases, received 5 to 8 messages per week for 6 months. They answered a questionnaire to report their satisfaction and behavioral changes. Results Of the 136 patients, 117 (86.0%) answered the questionnaire. Most reported that the messages were very useful (86.3%), easy to understand (90.6%), and were very helpful for behavioral change (65.0%); 84.6% reported that they had started eating healthier. The most frequent reported lifestyle changes were: improved diet quality (85.5%), reduced portions (65.8%), and weight loss (56.4%). The majority of patients shared the messages (60.7%) with family or other acquaintances, considered the number of messages to be adequate (89.7%) and would recommend the program to others (95.7%). Conclusion An intervention based on text messages to promote behavioral change in patients with hypertension or diabetes in primary care is feasible in low-resource settings. Future studies are needed to assess the program’s long-term effects on clinical outcomes.

https://doi.org/10.36660/ijcs.20220050

Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Homodimeric Morita-Baylis-Hillman Adducts Based on 3-Hydroxyindolin-2-one Core
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Coelho, Maísa C.

; Castro, Aleff

; Olegário, Tayná R.

; Cristiano, Rodrigo

; Vaz, Boniek G.

; Santos, Gabriel F. dos

; Machado, Lucas S.

; Militão, Gardênia C. G.

; Silva, Paulo B. N. da

; Vasconcellos, Mário L. A. A.

; Lima-Junior, Claudio G.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 N. 9 Pages 1273 - 1283

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Cancer treatment represents one of the main scientific study targets today, mainly due to the pronounced side effects arising from chemotherapy. This study reports the synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity of ten compounds from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction. Ethylene glycol diacrylate was used as a double Michael acceptor in reactions with isatin derivatives to give homodimers of 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one core, recognized in the literature for its extensive pharmacological profile. The use of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane (DABCO) as a catalyst and room temperature were the optimal conditions for the study reaction. The isolated yields were up to 63%, with most reaction times inferior to 24 h, some as fast as 15 min. The anticancer potential of the synthesized dimers was evaluated in vitro against three cancer strains, resulting in average inhibitory concentrations up to 0.72 µM. It was also found that the best performing homodimers are more active than their monomeric counterparts. Considering the promising selectivity indices observed, the preliminary results obtained here act as a basis for broader tests regarding the effectiveness of homodimeric adducts against cancer cells.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230038

Chitosan microparticles loaded with essential oils inhibit duo-biofilms of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans
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GARCIA, Lana Glerieide Silva

; ROCHA, Maria Gleiciane da

; FREIRE, Rosemayre Souza

; NUNES, Paulo Iury Gomes

; NUNES, João Victor Serra

; FERNANDES, Mirele Rodrigues

; PEREIRA-NETO, Waldemiro Aquino

; SIDRIM, José Júlio Costa

; SANTOS, Flavia Almeida

; ROCHA, Marcos Fábio Gadelha

; RODRIGUES, Lidiany Karla Azevedo

; VIEIRA, Rodrigo Silveira

; BRILHANTE, Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2023, Volume 31 elocation e20230146

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Oral candidiasis is a common fungal infection that affects the oral mucosa, and happens when Candida albicans interacts with bacteria in the oral microbiota, such as Streptococcus mutans, causing severe early childhood caries. C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilms are challenging to treat with conventional antimicrobial therapies, thus, new anti-infective drugs are required. Objective This study aimed to test a drug delivery system based on chitosan microparticles loaded with geranium and lemongrass essential oils to inhibit C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilms. Methodology Chitosan microparticles loaded with essential oils (CM-EOs) were obtained by spray-drying. Susceptibility of planktonic were performed according CLSI at 4 to 2,048 µg/mL. Mixed biofilms were incubated at 37ºC for 48 h and exposed to CM-EOs at 256 to 4,096 µg/mL. The antimicrobial effect was evaluated using the MTT assay, with biofilm architectural changes analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. RAW 264.7 cell was used to evaluate compound cytotoxicity. Results CM-EOs had better planktonic activity against C. albicans than S. mutans. All samples reduced the metabolic activity of mixed C. albicans and S. mutans biofilms, with encapsulated oils showing better activity than raw chitosan or oils. The microparticles reduced the biofilm on the slides. The essential oils showed cytotoxic effects against RAW 264.7 cells, but encapsulation into chitosan microparticles decreased their toxicity. Conclusion This study demonstrates that chitosan loaded with essential oils may provide an alternative method for treating diseases caused by C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilm, such as dental caries.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0146

10.

Empresas e ditadura civil-militar brasileira: os editoriais do jornal Folha de S. Paulo em uma perspectiva histórica
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Santos, Cynthia Adrielle da Silva

; Costa, Alessandra

Cadernos EBAPE.BR

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oct 2022, Volume 20 N. 5 Pages 688 - 707

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Em alinhamento com os estudos organizacionais históricos (Decker, Hassard, & Rowlinson, 2021; Maclean, Harvey, & Clegg, 2016) e buscando uma reorientação geográfica mais ao sul global, no foco nas pesquisas históricas e em estudos organizacionais e de gestão (A. S. M. Costa & Wanderley, 2021; Wanderley & A. Barros, 2019), este artigo tem como objetivo compreender o posicionamento ideológico e a atuação político-discursiva do jornal Folha de S. Paulo no período inicial da ditadura civil-militar brasileira (1964-1985). Para tanto, construiu-se um referencial teórico sustentado por duas correntes historiográficas (Empresariado e Ditadura; História e Imprensa) e pelos conceitos de discurso, ideologia e poder articulados pela análise crítica de discurso. Em termos de fontes documentais, foram coletados 112 editoriais diários, publicados de janeiro a junho de 1964 e disponíveis no arquivo histórico da empresa pesquisada. Para a realização da análise dos dados coletados, foram utilizados o aporte teórico-metodológico do modelo tridimensional de Norman Fairclough (2016) e a sua proposta de utilização do modelo de análise de estratégias de construções ideológicas de J. B. Thompson (2011). Como resultado, foi possível identificar três momentos na trajetória de construção discursiva do jornal Folha de S. Paulo em relação ao golpe militar de 1964 no Brasil: 1) significativa contribuição para a desestabilização do governo democrático do presidente João Goulart; 2) forte alinhamento com o golpe militar e seus desdobramentos imediatos; e 3) apoio ao posterior governo Castelo Branco, mas já com a enunciação de algumas ressalvas. Por fim, é possível afirmar que essa organização jornalística atuou fortemente não apenas como instrumento de informação, mas, principalmente, como produtora e reprodutora de discursos específicos em prol de determinado grupo social e de seus atos ditatoriais subsequentes. Diante desse quadro, tornam-se cada vez mais necessárias pesquisas históricas sobre as relações políticas e socioeconômicas entre empresas, governo e sociedade ao longo do tempo e seus desdobramentos na atualidade.

Abstract In alignment with historical organizational studies (Decker, Hassard, & Rowlinson, 2021; Maclean, Harvey, & Clegg, 2016) and seeking a geographical (re)orientation, more to the Global South, to historical research in organizational and management studies (A. S. M. Costa & Wanderley, 2021; Wanderley & A. Barros, 2019), the article aims to understand the ideological positioning and the political-discursive performance of the newspaper Folha de S. Paulo in the early period of the Brazilian civil-military dictatorship (1964-1985). A theoretical framework was built, supported by two historiographical currents (Business and Dictatorship; History and Press) and by the concepts of discourse, ideology, and power articulated by critical discourse analysis. In terms of documental sources, 112 daily editorials were collected, published from January to June 1964, and available in the historical archive of the researched company. The theoretical and methodological contribution of Norman Fairclough’s (2016) three-dimensional model and its proposed use by J.B. Thompson’s (2011) model of analysis of strategies of ideological constructions were used. As a result, it was possible to identify three different moments in the discursive trajectory of the positioning of the Folha de S. Paulo newspaper concerning the military coup of 1964 in Brazil: (1) significant contribution to the destabilization of the democratic government of President João Goulart, (2) strong alignment with the military coup and its immediate unfoldings; and (3) support for the subsequent Castelo Branco government, but already with the enunciation of some reservations. Finally, it is possible to affirm that this journalistic organization acted strongly not only as an instrument of information but mainly as a producer and reproducer of specific discourses in favor of a particular social group and its subsequent dictatorial acts. Against this background, historical research into the political and socio-economic relations between business, government, and society over time and their unfolding today is becoming increasingly necessary.

Resumen En consonancia con los estudios organizativos históricos (Decker, Hassard, & Rowlinson, 2021; Maclean, Harvey, & Clegg, 2016) y buscando una reorientación geográfica más hacia el Sur global, en el enfoque de la investigación histórica y en los estudios organizativos y de gestión (A. S. M. Costa & Wanderley, 2021; Wanderley & A. Barros, 2019), el artículo pretende comprender el posicionamiento ideológico y la actuación político-discursiva del periódico Folha de S. Paulo en el período inicial de la dictadura cívico-militar brasileña (1964-1985). Para ello, se construyó un marco teórico apoyado en dos corrientes historiográficas (Empresariado y Dictadura e Historia y Prensa) y en los conceptos de discurso, ideología y poder articulados por el análisis crítico del discurso. En cuanto a las fuentes documentales, se recogieron 112 editoriales diarios, publicados de enero a junio de 1964 y disponibles en el archivo histórico de la empresa investigada. Para llevar a cabo el análisis de los datos recogidos, se utilizó el aporte teórico y metodológico del modelo tridimensional de Norman Fairclough (2016) y su propuesta de uso del modelo de análisis de estrategias de construcciones ideológicas de J.B. Thompson (2011). Como resultado, fue posible identificar tres momentos en la trayectoria discursiva del periódico Folha de S. Paulo en relación con el golpe militar de 1964 en Brasil: (1) contribución significativa a la desestabilización del gobierno democrático del presidente João Goulart, (2) fuerte alineamiento con el golpe militar y sus desdoblamientos inmediatos; y (3) apoyo al posterior gobierno de Castelo Branco, pero ya con la enunciación de algunas salvedades. Finalmente, es posible afirmar que esta organización periodística actuó fuertemente no sólo como instrumento de información, sino principalmente como productora y reproductora de discursos específicos a favor de un determinado grupo social y sus subsiguientes actos dictatoriales. En este contexto, la investigación histórica sobre las relaciones políticas y socioeconómicas entre las empresas, el gobierno y la sociedad a lo largo del tiempo y su desarrollo en la actualidad es cada vez más necesaria.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120210181

11.

Predicting soybean grain yield using aerial drone images
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Andrade Júnior, Aderson S. de

; Silva, Silvestre P. da

; Setúbal, Ingrid S.

; Souza, Henrique A. de

; Vieira, Paulo F. de M. J.

; Casari, Raphael A. das C. N.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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jun 2022, Volume 26 N. 6 Pages 466 - 476

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O estudo objetivou avaliar a capacidade de índices de vegetação (IV) obtidos de imagens aéreas por veículo aéreo não tripulado em estimar a produtividade de grãos de soja, nas condições de solo e clima da microrregião de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil. Avaliou-se a cultivar de soja BRS-8980, em estádio R5, submetida a dois regimes hídricos (RH) (100 e 50% da evapotranspiração da cultura - ETc) e dois níveis de N (com e sem suplementação de N). O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, em parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas os regimes hídricos e as subparcelas os níveis de nitrogênio, com cinco repetições. Cada parcela continha 20 linhas de 4,5 m de comprimento, espaçadas de 0,5 m entre linhas, com área de 45 m² e uma área útil para avaliação da produtividade de grãos de 6 m². Avaliaram-se 20 IV obtidos de imagens aéreas de câmera multiespectral, os quais foram correlacionados com medidas de produtividade de grãos em campo. Adotaram-se análises de correlação de Pearson, de regressão linear e de autocorrelação espacial (índice I de Moran global e local) para geração e análise de desempenho dos IV na predição da produtividade de grãos. Para validação dos modelos de regressão linear, usou-se os índices R2, RMSE e nRMSE. O modelo de predição baseado no EVI-2 apresenta elevada aleatoriedade espacial, para todos os tratamentos avaliados, e menores erros de predição iguais a 149,68 kg ha-1 (sem suplementação de N) e 173,96 kg ha-1 (com suplementação de N).

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the ability of vegetation indices (VIs) obtained from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images to estimate soybean grain yield under soil and climate conditions in the Teresina microregion, Piaui state (PI), Brazil. Soybean cv. BRS-8980 was evaluated in stage R5 and submitted to two water regimes (WR) (100 and 50% of crop evapotranspiration - ETc) and two N levels (with and without N supplementation). A randomized block design in a split-plot scheme was used, in which the plots were the water regimes and the subplots N levels, with five replicates. Each plot contained twenty 4.5 m-long rows, spaced 0.5 m apart, with a total area of 45 and 6 m² study area for grain yield evaluations. Twenty VIs obtained from multispectral aerial images were evaluated and correlated with grain yield measurements in the field. Pearson’s correlation, linear regression, and spatial autocorrelation (Global and Local Moran’s I) were used to analyze the performance of the VIs in predicting grain yield. The R2, RMSE and nRMSE indices were used to validate the linear regression models. The prediction model based on EVI-2 exhibited high spatial randomness for all the treatments, and smaller prediction errors of 149.68 and 173.96 kg ha-1 (without and with N supplementation, respectively).

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n6p466-476

12.

Sociodemographic and clinical profile of crack cocaine treatment-seeking individuals living in “Crackland”, Brazil
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Miguel, André Q. C.

; Simões, Viviane

; Yamauchi, Rodolfo

; Madruga, Clarice S.

; da Silva, Claudio J.

; Laranjeira, Ronaldo R.

; Roll, John M.

; Smith, Crystal L.

; McPherson, Sterling M.

; Mari, Jair J.

Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria

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mar 2022, Volume 71 N. 1 Pages 50 - 55

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Localizada em São Paulo, a Cracolândia é o maior e mais antigo cenário aberto de uso de drogas do Brasil. Ainda assim, pouco se sabe sobre o perfil dos indivíduos que vivem nessa região e buscam tratamento para crack . O objetivo deste estudo transversal foi descrever características demográficas e clínicas de usuários de crack vivendo na região da Cracolândia que estão em busca de tratamento. Métodos: Noventa e oito indivíduos foram avaliados para transtornos por uso de substâncias do DSM-V, padrão de uso de substâncias, impulsividade e sintomatologia psiquiátrica. O uso recente de crack também foi determinado por meio de coleta de amostras toxicológicas. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram grave vulnerabilidade social, com significativas prevalências de falta de moradia (46,9%), moradia instável (50%), desemprego (60,4%) e abandono escolar precoce (27,5%). A idade média de início do uso de crack foi de 20 anos (DP = 6,9) e a duração média do uso contínuo do crack foi de 15 anos (DP = 9,7). A maioria dos participantes apresentou alguma comorbidade psiquiátrica, particularmente transtorno por uso de álcool (87,8%), bem como altas taxas de sintomatologia psiquiátrica e impulsividade. Mais da metade da amostra relatou pelo menos uma tentativa anterior de tratamento por internação (73,5%) e ambulatorial (65,3%). Conclusão: Os achados desse estudo permitem um maior entendimento do perfil e das necessidades de usuários de crack vivendo na região da Cracolândia e podem ajudar serviços de saúde especializados em dependência química a promoverem uma assistência mais direcionada às demandas específicas dessa população.

ABSTRACT Objective: São Paulo‘s Crackland is the biggest and oldest open drug use scene in Brazil, yet little is known about the profile of crack cocaine treatment-seeking individuals living in this region. The aim of this crossectional study was to describe the demographics and clinical characteristics of treatment-seeking crack users living in the Crackland region. Methods: A sample of nighty eight individuals were screened for DSM-V substance use disorders, including substance use, impulsiveness, and psychiatric symptoms. Recent crack cocaine use was also tested using biologic specimens. Results: Results indicated severe social vulnerability, as participants experienced high rates of homelessness (46.9%), unstable housing (50%), unemployment (60.4%) and early school drop-out (27.5%). The average age of crack use onset was 20 years (SD = 6.9) and the mean duration of continuous crack use was 15 years (SD = 9.7). Most participants presented with concomitant mental health disorders, particularly alcohol use disorder (87.8%), as well high rates of psychiatric symptomatology and impulsiveness. More than half of the sample reported at least one previous inpatient (73.5%) and outpatient (65.3%) addiction treatment attempt. Conclusion: This population profile should inform mental healthcare services, promoting the provision of tailored assistance by targeting specific demands at all levels of treatment.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000362

13.

REMOTE DETECTION OF WATER AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF SOYBEANS USING UAV-BASED IMAGES
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Andrade Junior, Aderson S. de

; Silva, Silvestre P. da

; Setúbal, Ingrid S.

; Souza, Henrique A. de

; Vieira, Paulo F. de M. J.

Engenharia Agrícola

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2022, Volume 42 N. 2 elocation e20210177

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Digital aerial images obtained by cameras embedded in remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) have been used to detect and monitor abiotic stresses in soybeans, such as water and nutritional deficiencies. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of vegetation indexes (VIs) from RPA images to remotely detect water and nutritional status in two soybean cultivars for nitrogen. The soybean cultivars BONUS and BRS-8980 were evaluated at the phenological stages R5 and R3 (beginning of seed enlargement), respectively. To do so, plants were subjected to two water regimes (100% ETc and 50% ETc) and two nitrogen (N) supplementation levels (with and without). Thirty-five VIs from multispectral aerial images were evaluated and correlated with stomatal conductance (gs) and leaf N content (NF) measurements. Near-infrared (NIR) spectral band, enhanced vegetation index (EVI), soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), and renormalized difference vegetation index (RDVI) showed linear correlation (p<0.001) with gs, standing out as promising indexes for detection of soybean water status. In turn, simplified canopy chlorophyll content index (SCCCI), red-edge chlorophyll index (RECI), green ratio vegetation index (GRVI), and chlorophyll vegetation index (CVI) were correlated with NF (p<0.001), thus being considered promising for the detection of leaf N content in soybeans.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v42n2e20210177/2022

14.

Wolbachia pipientis: first detection in populations of Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) and Psyllaephagus bliteus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in Brazil
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Favoreto, A. L.

; Carvalho, V. R.

; Domingues, M. M.

; Ribeiro, M. F.

; Cavallini, G.

; Lawson, S. A.

; Silva, W. M.

; Zanuncio, J. C.

; Wilcken, C. F.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e264475

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O inseto sugador, Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), é de origem australiana e reduz a produtividade de cultivos do gênero Eucalyptus. O parasitoide Psyllaephagus bliteus Riek (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) é o principal agente utilizado no manejo integrado de G. brimblecombei. Endossimbiontes, em insetos, são importantes na adaptação e proteção de seus hospedeiros ao ambiente que habitam. Wolbachia, um simbionte intracelular, induz alterações reprodutivas, como feminização, incompatibilidade citoplasmática, morte de machos e partenogênese. O objetivo foi relatar o primeiro registro de Wolbachia pipientis em populações de G. brimblecombei e de seu parasitoide P. bliteus em campo no Brasil. Ramos com adultos de G. brimblecombei e P. bliteus foram coletados em árvores de eucalipto em plantios comerciais em seis estados do Brasil e, após a emergência, os insetos obtidos foram congelados -20 °C. A reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) foi realizada para detectar o endossimbionte Wolbachia. Wolbachia pipientis foi identificado em indivíduos de G. brimblecombei e de seu parasitoide P. bliteus de populações de Agudos e Mogi-Guaçu (São Paulo), Itamarandiba (Minas Gerais) e São Jerônimo da Serra (Paraná), Brasil.

Abstract The sucking insect, Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), is originally from Australia and reduces the productivity of Eucalyptus crops. The parasitoid Psyllaephagus bliteus Riek (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is the main agent used in the integrated management of G. brimblecombei. Endosymbionts, in insects, are important in the adaptation and protection of their hosts to the environment. The intracellular symbionts Wolbachia, induces reproductive changes such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, feminization, male death and parthenogenesis. The objective of this study was to report the first record of Wolbachia pipientis in populations of G. brimblecombei and of its parasitoid P. bliteus in the field in Brazil. Branches with adults of G. brimblecombei and P. bliteus were collected from eucalyptus trees in commercial farms in six Brazilian states and, after emergence, the insects obtained were frozen at -20 °C. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the Wolbachia endosymbiont. Wolbachia pipientis was identified in individuals of G. brimblecombei and its parasitoid P. bliteus from populations of the counties of Agudos and Mogi-Guaçu (São Paulo State), Itamarandiba (Minas Gerais State) and São Jerônimo da Serra (Paraná State) in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.264475

15.

Evaluation of the Synthesis of Zeolite SSZ-13 using Choline Chloride and Different Crystallization Seeds and its Application in the Thermocatalytic Degradation of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene
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Solano, Julyane R. S.

; Nascimento, Raul C. S.

; Silva, David C. M.

; Silva, Diogo P. S.

; Sousa, Lenivaldo V.

; Silva, Bruno J. B.

; Alencar, Soraya L.

; Urbina, Maritza M.

; Quintela, Paulo H. L.

; Silva, Antonio O. S.

Materials Research

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2021, Volume 24 N. 5 elocation e20210066

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The synthesis of SSZ-13 was studied by evaluating the influence of two types of crystallization seeds with CHA structure (S1 seeds prepared in fluoride medium and S2 seeds by the conversion of zeolite Y), SiO2/Al2O3 (28, 40, 60 and 100) and OH/SiO2 (0.6 and 0.8) ratios. Choline chloride was used as the structure-directing agent and the crystallizations occurred at 140 ºC from 24 to 96 h. S1 seeds led to the coexistence of zeolites SSZ-13 and P, while S2 seeds promoted in all SiO2/Al2O3 ratios and OH/SiO2 = 0.8, the formation of pure SSZ-13 after 24 h. The SSZ-13 samples are formed by clusters of crystals with cuboid-like morphology and exhibited textural properties typical of CHA framework. SSZ-13 zeolite led to a decrease in the temperature and the activation energy required for the degradation of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene polymer, demonstrating its efficiency as catalyst in this process.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2021-0066 152 downloads

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