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ABSTRACT: Polioencephalomalacia (PEM) is a nervous disease that affects ruminants, has a worldwide distribution and causes significant economic losses. PEM is abundantly described and studied in cattle and small ruminants, but there is little information about the disease in buffaloes, especially in Brazil. The objective of this work is to describe the clinical and pathological aspects of an outbreak of PEM in buffaloes in a feedlot in the state of Pará, Brazil. The outbreak occurred in a flock of 76 Murrah buffaloes, with an average age of five months, in a feedlot. Twenty-eight of these buffaloes became ill, and thirteen showed neurological signs and died. Two buffaloes underwent necropsy. The brain and fragments of various abdominal and thoracic cavity organs were fixed in 10% formalin and sent for histopathological examination. In the frontal, parietal, and occipital telencephalic lobes, the convolutions were flattened and yellowish, and when cut, there was a clear line of demarcation between the superficial and deep layers. Histologically, the intermediate layers of the cerebral cortex showed mild to moderate vacuolization of the neuropil, moderate enlargement of the perivascular, perineuronal, and periastrocyte spaces, moderate swelling and edema of astrocytes, and a large number of necrotic neurons. The work demonstrates that, despite being poorly documented in Brazil, PEM should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neurological syndromes in buffaloes.

RESUMO: Polioencefalomalacia (PEM) é uma doença nervosa complexa que afeta ruminantes, tem distribuição mundial e causa perdas econômicas significativas. A PEM é abundantemente descrita e estudada em bovinos e pequenos ruminantes, porém há poucas informações sobre a doença em bubalinos, especialmente no Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever os aspectos clínicos e patológicos de um surto de PEM em búfalos em um confinamento no estado do Pará, Brasil. O surto ocorreu em um lote de 76 búfalos da raça Murrah, com idade média de cinco meses, em um sistema de confinamento. Vinte e oito desses bubalinos adoeceram e treze apresentaram sinais neurológicos e morreram. Dois bubalinos foram submetidos à necropsia. O encéfalo e fragmentos de diversos órgãos da cavidade abdominal e torácica foram fixados em formol a 10% e enviados para exame histopatológico. Nos lobos frontal, parietal e occipital do telencéfalo as circunvoluções estavam achatadas e amareladas e ao corte havia uma clara linha de demarcação entre as camadas superficial e profunda. Na histologia as camadas intermediárias do córtex cerebral apresentavam vacuolização leve a moderada do neurópilo, aumento moderado dos espaços perivascular, perineuronal e periastrocitário, tumefação e edema moderados de astrócitos e grande número de neurônios necróticos. O trabalho demonstra que, apesar de pouco documentada no Brasil, a PEM deve ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial das síndromes neurológicas em bubalinos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20230220

[SciELO Preprints] - Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy – 2024
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Fernandes, Fabio Simões, Marcus V. Correia, Edileide de Barros Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana G. Coelho-Filho, Otavio Rizzi Mesquita, Cláudio Tinoco Mathias-Junior, Wilson Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo Ramires, Felix José Alvarez Alves, Silvia Marinho Martins Montera, Marcelo Westerlund Lopes, Renato Delascio Oliveira-Junior, Mucio Tavares Scolari, Fernando L. Avila, Walkiria Samuel Canesin, Manoel Fernandes Bacal, Fernando Bocchi, Edimar Alcides Moura, Lídia Ana Zytynski Saad, Eduardo Benchimol Scanavacca, Mauricio I. Valdigem, Bruno Pereira Cano , Manuel Nicolas Abizaid , Alexandre Ribeiro, Henrique Barbosa Lemos-Neto, Pedro Alves Ribeiro, Gustavo Calado de Aguiar Jatene, Fabio Biscegli Dias, Ricardo Ribeiro Beck-da-Silva, Luis Rohde, Luis Eduardo P. Bittencourt, Marcelo Imbroinise Pereira, Alexandre Krieger, José Eduardo Villacorta, Humberto Martins, Wolney de Andrade Figueiredo-Neto, José Albuquerque de Cardoso , Juliano Novaes Pastore, Carlos Alberto Jatene, Ieda Biscegli Tanaka, Ana Cristina Sayuri Hotta, Viviane Tiemi Romano, Minna Moreira Dias Albuquerque, Denilson Campos de Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão Brito, Fabio Sandoli de Caramelli , Bruno Calderaro, Daniela Farsky, Pedro Silvio Colafranceschi , Alexandre Siciliano Pinto, Ibraim Masciarelli Vieira , Marcelo Luiz Campos Danzmann, Luiz Claudio Barberato , Silvio Henrique Mady, Charles Martinelli-Filho, Martino Torbey , Ana Flavia Malheiros Schwartzmann, Pedro Vellosa Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli Ferreira , Silvia Moreira Ayub Schmidt, Andre Melo , Marcelo Dantas Tavares de Lima-Filho, Moysés Oliveira Sposito, Andrei C. Brito, Flavio de Souza Biolo, Andreia Madrini-Junior, Vagner Rizk, Stéphanie Itala Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco

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Publication date: 2024-04-08

Abstract: Pt Es En

A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica (CMH) é uma forma de doença do músculo cardíaco de causa genética, caracterizada pela hipertrofia das paredes ventriculares. O diagnóstico requer detecção por métodos de imagem (Ecocardiograma ou Ressonância Magnética Cardíaca) de qualquer segmento da parede do ventrículo esquerdo com espessura > 15 mm, sem outra causa provável. A análise genética permite identificar mutações de genes codificantes de diferentes estruturas do sarcômero responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento da CMH em cerca de 60% dos casos, permitindo o rastreio de familiares e aconselhamento genético, como parte importante do manejo dos pacientes e familiares. Vários conceitos sobre a CMH foram recentemente revistos, incluindo sua prevalência de 1 em 250 indivíduos, não sendo, portanto, uma doença rara, mas subdiagnosticada. A vasta maioria dos pacientes é assintomática. Naqueles sintomáticos, a obstrução do trato de saída do ventrículo esquerdo (OTSVE) é o principal distúrbio responsável pelos sintomas, devendo-se investigar a sua presença em todos os casos. Naqueles em que o ecocardiograma em repouso ou com Manobra de Valsalva não detecta gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), devem ser submetidos à ecocardiografia com esforço físico para detecção da OTSVE.   Pacientes com sintomas limitantes e grave OTSVE, refratários ao uso de betabloqueadores e verapamil, devem receber terapias de redução septal ou uso de novas drogas inibidoras da miosina cardíaca. Por fim, os pacientes adequadamente identificados com risco aumentado de morta súbita podem receber medida profilática com implante de cardiodesfibrilador implantável (CDI).

La miocardiopatía hipertrófica (MCH) es una forma de enfermedad cardíaca de origen genético, caracterizada por el engrosamiento de las paredes ventriculares. El diagnóstico requiere la detección mediante métodos de imagen (Ecocardiograma o Resonancia Magnética Cardíaca) que muestren algún segmento de la pared ventricular izquierda con un grosor > 15 mm, sin otra causa probable. El análisis genético permite identificar mutaciones en genes que codifican diferentes estructuras del sarcómero responsables del desarrollo de la MCH en aproximadamente el 60% de los casos, lo que permite el tamizaje de familiares y el asesoramiento genético, como parte importante del manejo de pacientes y familiares. Varios conceptos sobre la MCH han sido revisados recientemente, incluida su prevalencia de 1 entre 250 individuos, por lo tanto, no es una enfermedad rara, sino subdiagnosticada. La gran mayoría de los pacientes son asintomáticos. En los casos sintomáticos, la obstrucción del tracto de salida ventricular izquierdo (TSVI) es el trastorno principal responsable de los síntomas, y su presencia debe investigarse en todos los casos. En aquellos en los que el ecocardiograma en reposo o la maniobra de Valsalva no detecta un gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), deben someterse a ecocardiografía de esfuerzo para detectar la obstrucción del TSVI. Los pacientes con síntomas limitantes y obstrucción grave del TSVI, refractarios al uso de betabloqueantes y verapamilo, deben recibir terapias de reducción septal o usar nuevos medicamentos inhibidores de la miosina cardíaca. Finalmente, los pacientes adecuadamente identificados con un riesgo aumentado de muerte súbita pueden recibir medidas profilácticas con el implante de un cardioversor-desfibrilador implantable (CDI).

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a form of genetically caused heart muscle disease, characterized by the thickening of the ventricular walls. Diagnosis requires detection through imaging methods (Echocardiogram or Cardiac Magnetic Resonance) showing any segment of the left ventricular wall with a thickness > 15 mm, without any other probable cause. Genetic analysis allows the identification of mutations in genes encoding different structures of the sarcomere responsible for the development of HCM in about 60% of cases, enabling screening of family members and genetic counseling, as an important part of patient and family management. Several concepts about HCM have recently been reviewed, including its prevalence of 1 in 250 individuals, hence not a rare but rather underdiagnosed disease. The vast majority of patients are asymptomatic. In symptomatic cases, obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) is the primary disorder responsible for symptoms, and its presence should be investigated in all cases. In those where resting echocardiogram or Valsalva maneuver does not detect significant intraventricular gradient (> 30 mmHg), they should undergo stress echocardiography to detect LVOT obstruction. Patients with limiting symptoms and severe LVOT obstruction, refractory to beta-blockers and verapamil, should receive septal reduction therapies or use new drugs inhibiting cardiac myosin. Finally, appropriately identified patients at increased risk of sudden death may receive prophylactic measure with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.8394

Vulnerabilidade e Vulneração de Crianças no Contexto da Pandemia do Covid-19: Análise de Mídia
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Queiroz, Isabella Regina Gomez de

; Lisboa, Milena Silva

; Farias, Yasmen Guanaes

; Andrade, Pedro Ian

; Lantyer, Vitor Mateus

New Trends in Qualitative Research

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mar 2024, Volume 19 elocation e916

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Durante a pandemia do COVID-19, mudanças ocorreram em diversos campos, fazendo-se importante conhecer os contextos de risco social e psíquico que marcam condições de vulnerabilidade e vulneração, vividas por crianças e bebês, a despeito de crianças: refugiadas, residentes em favela e crianças vítimas de violência intrafamiliar. Objetivo: Conhecer possíveis riscos à saúde mental de crianças, em situação de vulnerabilidade, no período da pandemia de Covid-19, na realidade brasileira. Método: Estudo de mídia, com vistas à análise do contexto sociopolítico, favorecendo a visão crítica de leituras de mundo distintas, fundamental para compreensão do objeto pretendido. Resultado: A partir dos dados levantados, estruturou-se categorias específicas à cada grupo estudado, a saber: 1) crianças refugiadas: precariedade do abrigo; dimensão legal; perdas e lutos; e xenofobia. 2) crianças residentes periféricas: perdas e lutos; violência à criança; acesso à saúde; e fome. 3) violência intrafamiliar: direitos da criança em situação de violência; violência doméstica na pandemia e meios extradomiciliares que amparam a criança. Os resultados obtidos em cada um dos objetivos específicos, denunciam especificidades de cada um dos grupos: as crianças refugiadas, além de perderem direitos vivenciam perda da sua origem, dificultando o endereçamento do seu sofrimento a um “outro”. As crianças residentes em periferias, além de serem afetadas pela pandemia, sofreram efeitos da necropolitica, advinda da herança colonial. Crianças vítimas de violência intrafamiliar enfrentaram agravos decorrentes do isolamento social e adoecimnto psíquico dos cuidadores. Considera-se, por fim que sem a denúncia necessária, os riscos de esquecimento de tão grave problemática pode se fazer efetivar e os recursos necessários ao cuidado não se fazerem urgentes. A análise da mídia favoreceu lidar com uma lacuna no campo científico, possibilitando a criação de reflexões da condição de vulneração de populações invisibilizadas.

Abstract During the COVID-19 pandemic, changes occurred in several fields, making it important to know the contexts of social and psychic risk that mark conditions of vulnerability and vulnerability, experienced by children and babies, despite children: refugees, residents in favelas and children’s victims of domestic violence. Objective: To know possible risks to the mental health of children, in a situation of vulnerability, in the period of the Covid-19 pandemic, in the Brazilian reality. Method: Media study, with a view to analyzing the sociopolitical context, favoring a critical view of different world readings, fundamental for understanding the intended object. Result: From the collected data, specific categories were structured for each group studied, namely: 1) refugee children: precariousness of the shelter; legal dimension; losses and mourning; and xenophobia. 2) children living in peripheral areas: losses and bereavements; child violence; access to health; and hunger. 3) domestic violence: rights of children in situations of violence; domestic violence in the pandemic and extra-domiciliary means that support the child. The results obtained in each of the specific objectives, denounce specificities of each of the groups: refugee children, in addition to losing rights, experience the loss of their origin, making it difficult to address their suffering to an “other”. Children residing in peripheries, in addition to being affected by the pandemic, suffered the effects of necropolitics, arising from the colonial heritage. Children victims of intrafamily violence faced injuries resulting from social isolation and mental illness of caregivers. Finally, it is considered that without the necessary denouncement, the risks of forgetting such a serious problem can become effective and the resources necessary for care do not become urgent. Media analysis favored dealing with a gap in the scientific field, enabling the creation of reflections on the vulnerable condition of invisible populations.

https://doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.19.2023.e916

Mathematical models for estimating parameters of a pumping system in furrows irrigation
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Hernández-Rodríguez, Alexander

; Brown-Manrique, Oscar

; Melo-Camaraza, Beatriz

; Guerra-Hernández, Gisel

; Beltran-Perez, Yaily

; López Silva, Maiquel

Revista Ciencias Técnicas Agropecuarias

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mar 2024, Volume 33 N. 1 elocation e01

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The study was carried out at the Tío Pedro farm in the municipality of Venezuela, in the province of Ciego de Ávila, with the objective of proposing mathematical models to estimate the hydraulic parameters of a pumping system using the furrow irrigation technique for the cultivation of black bean. The results showed expected fluctuations in hydraulic parameters such as flow rate, head, hydraulic power, pumping time, and pumped volume. Functional relationships were found between flow and pumping head, as well as between hydraulic power, flow and pumping head. These ratios can improve pump system performance, save energy, and increase pump efficiency. In addition, functions were developed to predict the characteristic curves of the load, the efficiency of the pump and the system in general. These results can improve energy efficiency and water management in agriculture.

RESUMEN El estudio se realizó en la finca Tío Pedro en el municipio de Venezuela, en la provincia de Ciego de Ávila, tuvo como objetivo proponer modelos matemáticos para estimar los parámetros hidráulicos de un sistema de bombeo utilizando la técnica de riego por surcos para el cultivo del frijol negro. Los resultados mostraron fluctuaciones esperadas en los parámetros hidráulicos como caudal, carga, potencia hidráulica, tiempo de bombeo y volumen bombeado. Se encontraron relaciones funcionales entre el caudal y la carga de bombeo, así como entre la potencia hidráulica, el caudal y la carga de bombeo. Estas relaciones pueden mejorar el funcionamiento del sistema de bombeo, ahorrar energía y aumentar la eficiencia de la bomba. Además, se desarrollaron funciones para predecir las curvas características de la carga, la eficiencia de la bomba y del sistema en general. Estos resultados pueden mejorar la eficiencia energética y la gestión del agua en la agricultura.

Trombocitemia essencial incipiente: caso clínico
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Costa-Freitas, Tiago

; Tavares, Pedro Filipe

; Silva, Leonor Ferreira da

; Braga, Madalena

; Pereira, Nuno Mendanha

; Malheiro, Felicidade

; Fernandes, Gustavo

; Magalhães, Miguel

Revista Portuguesa de Medicina Geral e Familiar

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feb 2024, Volume 40 N. 1 Pages 83 - 87

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução: A trombocitemia essencial (TE) é uma condição pouco comum e assintomática na maioria dos casos. No entanto, podem surgir sintomas como cefaleias, síncope, vertigem, dor torácica, eritromelalgia e distúrbios visuais transitórios. Os eventos hemorrágicos e tromboembólicos são os grandes riscos desta patologia. O objetivo da partilha deste caso clínico é alertar para uma patologia rara que pode passar despercebida e causar eventos potencialmente graves. Descrição do caso: Sexo feminino, 43 anos, raça caucasiana, antecedentes de hepatite B crónica, sem antecedentes cirúrgicos nem medicação habitual, incluindo método contracetivo hormonal. Recorreu a consulta com queixas de enfartamento precoce, dispepsia e epigastralgia com três dias de evolução, negando alterações do trânsito intestinal, características das fezes, náuseas ou vómitos. Exame físico e endoscopia digestiva alta recente sem alterações de relevo. Foi consultado o estudo analítico que a utente realizava regularmente no hospital, verificando-se que o valor do número de plaquetas se encontrava consistentemente a rondar os 500.000/uL desde há três anos. Pediu-se ecografia abdominal que descrevia trombose parcial da veia porta e do seu ramo esquerdo. A doente foi medicada com enoxaparina 60 mg 12h/12 h. Foi realizado angio-TC abdominal, estudo pró-trombótico e estudo genético e iniciou varfarina 5 mg 1x/dia, inicialmente sobreposta com enoxaparina 60 mg 12/12h. O angio-TC viria a confirmar a trombose da veia porta e confirmou-se positiva a mutação JAK2 V617F. Assumido o diagnóstico de TE e iniciado tratamento citorredutor com hidroxiureia 500 mg em dias alternados. Comentário: Este caso chama a atenção pelo excesso de plaquetas secundário à TE, ainda que ligeiramente acima do valor de referência, ter originado uma trombose da veia porta. Pretende-se alertar os médicos de família para a importância de realizar um estudo atento, valorizando pequenas variações sustentadas fora dos intervalos da normalidade e fazer uma referenciação correta e atempada quando necessário.

Abstract Introduction: Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is an asymptomatic rare condition in most cases. Nonetheless, symptoms like headache, syncope, vertigo, thoracic pain, erythromelalgia, and transient visual disturbances may surge. The major concerns of this pathology are hemorrhagic and thromboembolic events. The aim of sharing this case report is to alert for the existence of this rare pathology that can go unnoticed and cause potentially serious events. Case description: Female, 43-year-old, Caucasian. Background of chronic B hepatitis, without surgical background nor usual medication, including the contraceptive pill. She appealed to a medical appointment with an early feeling of fullness when eating, dyspepsia, and epigastric pain in the last three days. She denied changes in intestinal habits, feces characteristics, nausea, or vomiting. Physical examination and recent upper endoscopic study were normal. The hospital medical record was examined, verifying that platelet levels were consistently rounding 500,000/uL for the past three years. An abdominal ultrasonography was requested, and it described a partial portal vein and left branch thrombosis. The patient started enoxaparin 60 mg every 12 hours. It was conducted an abdominal angiotomography, prothrombotic, and genetic study, including the JAK2 V617F mutation. The patient started warfarin 5 mg one time daily, initially overlaid with enoxaparin 60 mg 12h/12h. The abdominal angiotomography would confirm the portal vein thrombosis and the JAK2 V617F mutation study was positive. It was assumed the diagnosis of ET and was initiated cytoreductive therapy with hydroxyurea 500 mg on alternated days. Comment: This case report shows that the excessive platelet count, secondary to ET, even if slightly above the reference value, caused a portal vein thrombosis. We aim to alert family physicians to the importance of doing a careful study, valuing little sustained variations out of the normal intervals, and referring correctly and promptly when necessary.

https://doi.org/10.32385/rpmgf.v40i1.13605

Precários, mas organizados: a estratégia de resistência dos uberizados Precários organizados
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Branco, Pedro Mendonça Castelo

; Silva, Sidney Jard da

Cadernos Metrópole

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jan 2024, Volume 26 N. 59 Pages 123 - 142

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A uberização do trabalho é mais uma etapa no processo de desconfiguração dos pactos sociais conformados no período fordista. A estratégia de construção de “parceiros” possibilita a externalização de custos de capital fixo para uma multidão de trabalhadores precários, como também uma fuga, por parte das empresas, da responsabilidade de garantir os direitos trabalhistas e as seguridades ocupacionais. Diante desse novo terreno de exploração do trabalho, impulsionado por grandes empresas transnacionais que operam para além das limitações nacionais e acumulam em escala global, aqui são apresentadas iniciativas de organização dos uberizados a partir de experiências internacionais e nacionais à luz do conceito de sindicalismo de movimento social. fordista parceiros “parceiros precários fuga ocupacionais global social

Abstract Uberization of work is one more step in the process of unconfiguring the social pacts formed in the Fordist period. The strategy of building “partners” makes it possible to externalize fixed capital costs to a multitude of precarious workers and exempt companies from responsibility for guaranteeing labor rights and occupational safety. This process is driven by large transnational companies that operate beyond national limitations and accumulate on a global scale, in this new territory of labor exploitation. In this article, we present initiatives for the organization of uberized workers based on international and national experiences, in light of the concept of social movement unionism. period partners “partners safety scale exploitation article experiences unionism

https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-9996.2024-5906

Pediatric kidney transplantation: outcomes with under and over 6-year-old donors
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Lysakowski, Simone

; Garcia, Clotilde Druck

; Rohde, Roberta Weisheimer

; Vitola, Santo Pascual

; Pires, Fabian Silva

; Souza, Vandrea Carla de

; Ventura, Pedro Enrico

; Kist, Roger

Jornal de Pediatria

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2024, Volume 100 N. 1 Pages 67 - 73

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective Kidney shortage for pediatric kidney transplantation (PKT) entails the need to use low-weight and age donors, despite the apprehension. The aim of this study was to analyze the pediatric deceased donor kidney transplantations (pDDKT) outcomes in the first year after the procedure, stratified by donor age. Method Retrospective cohort of pDDKTs carried out between January 2013, and January 2018, at a PKT reference hospital in Southern Brazil. Donors were divided into group 1 (≤ 6 years), and group 2 (> 6 years); the analysis of the outcomes was carried out in the same period. Results There were 143 pDDKTs; 51 (35.66%) in group 1; and 92 (64.34%) in group 2. In both groups there were 17 graft losses (11.8%), with vascular thrombosis as the main cause (group 1: 5; group 2: 4). Among the complications, renal artery stenosis (RAS) with indication for angioplasty and stenting was more frequent in group 1 (7.8%; group 2: 2.2%). The 1-year Renal Transplant Recipients' and graft survival did not show significant differences between the groups, (p= = 0.95). However, the Glomerular Filtration Rate analysis was higher in group 2, reaching, in the 12th month, 79.3 mL/min/1,73m2, compared to 69.7 mL/min/1,73m2 in group 1(p= = 0.033). Conclusions Small donors can be considered for pDDKTs, as long as there is an expert team to perform the transplantation.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2023.07.005

Post-discharge all-cause mortality in COVID-19 recovered patients hospitalized in 2020: the impact of chronic kidney disease
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Lomba, Guilherme Schittine Bezerra

; Silva, Pedro Henrique Abreu da

; Rosário, Natalia Fonseca do

; Medeiros, Thalia

; Alves, Lilian Santos

; Silva, Andrea Alice

; Almeida, Jorge Reis

; Lugon, Jocemir Ronaldo

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2024, Volume 66 elocation e1

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In Brazil, the COVID-19 burden was substantial, and risk factors associated with higher in-hospital mortality rates have been extensively studied. However, information on short-term all-cause mortality and the factors associated with death in patients who survived the hospitalization period of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection is limited. We analyzed the six-month post-hospitalization mortality rate and possible risk factors of COVID-19 patients in a single center in Brazil. This is a retrospective cohort study focused on a six-month follow-up. The exclusion criteria were death during hospitalization, transference to another hospital, and age under 18. We collected data from the charts of all hospitalized patients from March 2020 to December 2020 with a positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2, resulting in a sample size of 106 patients. The main outcome was death after hospitalization, whereas comorbidities and demographics were evaluated as risk factors. The crude post-hospitalization death rate was 16%. The first 30 days of follow-up had the highest mortality rate. In a Cox regression model for post-hospitalization mortality, previous chronic kidney disease (HR, 4.06, 95%CI 1.46 – 11.30) and longer hospital stay (HR 1.01, 95%CI 1.00 – 1.02) were the only factors statistically associated with death. In conclusion, a high six-month all-cause mortality was observed. Within the six-month follow-up, a higher risk of death was observed for patients who had prior CKD and longer hospital stay. These findings highlight the importance of more intensive medical surveillance during this period.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202466001

Influence of Teas on Phospholipase A2 and Protease Activity in the Context of Blood Hemostasis-Related Processes
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Carapiá, Mateus Santos

; Oliveira, Daniela Aparecida

; Trento, Marcus Vinicius Cardoso

; Marcussi, Silvana

; Abreu, Tatiane Silva de

; Cesar, Pedro Henrique Souza

; Braga, Mariana Aparecida

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2024, Volume 67 elocation e24220661

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Tea is identified as the second most consumed drink in the world, and its frequent intake is related to several benefits to human health, considering its antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antihistamine, diuretic, calming, and above all, antioxidant effects. These effects are often associated with the action of the phenolic compounds contained in these infusions. In Brazil, among the most consumed infusions are the teas of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil), peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), and green/black tea (Camellia sinensis L.). Therefore, said popularity is the reason why the mentioned species were chosen to be evaluated on inflammatory enzymes. The activity of phospholipases A2 was reduced by more than 25% after treatment with black tea and yerba mate. The most significant inhibition of protease activity was observed after incubation with black tea (40.74%), green tea (31.48%) and yerba mate (25.93%). Infusions of black and green tea reduced hemolysis in semisolid and liquid media, and for the latter, reductions of up to 50% of hemolytic activity were observed, indicating an anti-inflammatory potential of the samples. Plasma incubations with green tea, black tea and lemon balm and subsequent addition of venom (1:10 ratio; tea:PBS, v:v) prolonged the coagulation time of citrated plasma by approximately twice compared to the positive control. All controls with pure tea had a thrombolytic character, in higher proportions than the venom control, especially chamomile (273.55% dissolution). Phenolic compounds derived from phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins are identified as the main agents that promote the biological effects observed in this study. This is mainly due to their anti-catalytic properties exerted on inflammatory enzymes and as chelating agents of enzymatic co-factors. The evaluated teas showed potential for nutraceutical use, thus pointing to the possibility of use as an adjuvant in the treatment of diseases linked to hemostasis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2024220661

10.

Resistance Training Improves the Immune Response, Mainly Associated with CD8+ T Lymphocytes and B Lymphocytes, in Mice
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Pedro, Fernanda Cristina

; Oliveira, Marina Martins de

; Andrade, Rafaella Silva

; Costa, Anna Cecília Trolesi Reis Borges

; Pereira, Carine Rodrigues

; Oliveira, Pedro Felipe Rodrigues e

; Macari, Soraia

; Coimbra, Cândido Celso

; Dorneles, Elaine Maria Seles

; Pereira, Luciano José

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2024, Volume 67 elocation e24220284

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Studies investigating the effects of different modalities of exercises on the immune system are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks of resistance and aerobic training on the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes from mice. Eighteen male C56BL6/J mice were divided into groups (n=6), sedentary, aerobic, and resistance training. After 8 weeks, animals were euthanized, and their splenocytes were labeled and cultured with and without stimulation. Lymphocyte proliferation (CD4+, CD8+ and CD21/CD35+) was evaluated by flow cytometry. The mice subjected to resistance exercise exhibited greater proliferation for total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes (p<0.05), but not CD4+ cells (p>0.05), compared with their sedentary counterparts. We found significant correlations between maximum load and total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes proliferation rates (p<0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that resistance training promoted an improvement in the immune response associated with CD8+ and B lymphocytes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2024220284

11.

Toxic Effects of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on the Zebrafish (Danio rerio) and the Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina): a Morphological, Histological, and Immunohistochemical Study
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Souza, Jéssica Peres Alves de

; Silva, Isabella Ferreira

; Carneiro, Pedro Gontijo

; Schnitzler, Mariane Cristina

; Thomé, Ralph Gruppi

; Santos, Hélio Batista dos

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2024, Volume 67 elocation e24230143

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract We describe the toxicity of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in two aquatic species: Danio rerio and Artemia salina. Fish were exposed to 25 mg L-1, 50 mg L-1, and 100 mg L-1 MWCNTs for 7 days. After exposure, the gills from D. rerio showed lamellar fusion and epithelial lifting in the secondary lamellae, and vasodilation in the primary lamellae. In the gills, heat shock protein 70 and Bax (pro apoptotic member) were stained more intensely in the treated groups than in the control group. The nauplii of A. salina were exposed to 25 µg L-1, 50 µg L-1, and 100 µg L-1 MWCNTs for 96 h. After exposure, the nauplii from the control group presented 20 % mortality, whereas the 25 µg mL-1, 50 µg mL-1, and 100 µg L-1 groups had 46.7 %, 70 %, and 100 % mortality, respectively. The nauplii exposed to 25 µg mL1 and 50 µg mL1 MWCNTs had black aggregates in the intestine because of the uptake of nanomaterials. In addition, the 25 µg mL-1 and 50 µg mL-1 MWCNT groups had black aggregates attached onto the body surface, appendages of the second pair, and mandibles.The results revealed the toxic effects of MWCNTs on the two aquatic organisms, and both species showed great potential for toxicological evaluation of MWCNTs in aquatic environments.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2024230143

12.

Understanding of the role of serum creatinine in a subset of the Brazilian population
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Cerqueira, Bruno Pellozo

; Rocha, Júlia Ferreira

; Barnes, Rafaela Francisquetti

; Pepato, Pedro Henrique Moretti

; Paim, Thays Sellan

; De Nardi, Francisco

; Hsu, Fabrício Akira

; Oguma, Juliana Miki

; Ito, Leticia Miyuki

; da Silva, Enio Yasuhiro Arimatsu Policarpo

; Vizzuso-Oliveira, Alexandre

; Filho, Fernando Diniz dos Santos

; Maia, João Vitor Bozza

; Mendez, Juan Diego Zambrano

; Sato, Beatrice Borges

; Souza, Roberto Matias

; Miyahara, Andre Kiyoshi

; Kirsztajn, Gianna Mastroianni

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology

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2024, N. ahead

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is usually asymptomatic, and its diagnosis depends on laboratory tests, with emphasis on serum creatinine and proteinuria. Objective: To assess knowledge on the role of serum creatinine as a biomarker of kidney function in a sample of the Brazilian population. Method: Cross-sectional observational study conducted in São Paulo (SP, Brazil), in which a random adult population was interviewed. Results: A total of 1138 subjects were interviewed, with a median age of 36 years old (27–52); 55.1% were female. Regarding the “creatinine” biomarker, 40.6% stated they had never performed such a test. When asked about their knowledge on the usefulness of this exam, only 19.6% knew its function. The other responses were “I don’t know” (71.6%), evaluating heart function (0.9%) and liver function (7.8%). Of those who reported they had already taken a creatinine test, only 29.4% correctly identified the role of creatinine. When dividing the groups into “knows” and “does not know” the function of creatinine, a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed regarding level of education, female sex, being a healthcare student/worker, having ever measured creatinine, knowing someone with kidney disease and older age. In the multivariate analysis, the main variable related to knowing the creatinine role was having previously taken the test (OR 5.16; 95% CI 3.16–8.43, p < 0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant lack of knowledge about creatinine and its use in checkups. The results indicate that greater efforts are needed from healthcare professionals to raise awareness on the role of serum creatinine.

Resumo Introdução: A doença renal crônica costuma ser assintomática e seu diagnóstico depende da realização de exames laboratoriais, com destaque para a creatinina sérica e pesquisa de proteinúria. Objetivo: Avaliar em uma amostra da população brasileira o conhecimento sobre o papel da creatinina sérica como marcador de função renal. Método: Estudo observacional transversal realizado na cidade de São Paulo (SP, Brasil), em que foi entrevistada uma população adulta aleatória. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 1138 indivíduos, com idade mediana de 36 anos (27–52); 55,1% do sexo feminino. Com relação ao marcador “creatinina”, 40,6% afirmaram que nunca realizaram tal dosagem. Quando questionados quanto ao conhecimento sobre a utilidade desse exame, somente 19,6% sabiam a sua função. As outras respostas foram “não sei” (71,6%), avaliar o funcionamento do coração (0,9%) e fígado (7,8%). Dos que afirmaram já terem realizado o exame de creatinina, somente 29,4% acertaram a função da creatinina. Ao dividir os grupos em “sabe” e “não sabe” a função da creatinina, percebeu-se diferença estatisticamente significante (p < 0,05) em relação ao grau de escolaridade, sexo feminino, ser aluno/trabalhador da saúde, ter dosado creatinina alguma vez, conhecer alguém com doença renal e maior idade. Na análise multivariada, a principal variável relacionada com conhecer a função da creatinina foi ter realizado o exame anteriormente (OR 5,16; IC 95% 3,16–8,43, p < 0,001). Conclusão: Há grande desconhecimento sobre a creatinina e seu uso em check-ups. Os resultados indicam que é necessário maior esforço por parte dos profissionais de saúde para divulgar o papel da creatinina sérica.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2023-0117en

13.

Confiança nas instituições e democracia. Os casos dos jovens espanhóis e latino-americanos
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Ribeiro, Eliane

; Borba, Felipe

; da Silva Peres, João Pedro

Revista de Ciencias Sociales

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2024, Volume 37 N. 54 elocation e201

Abstract: En Pt Es | Text: En Pt Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es

Abstract Trust in institutions and democracy. The cases of young Spanish and Latin Americans This article examines data from the Jóvenes en Iberoamérica 2021 survey, coordinated by the SM Foundation of Spain, which interviewed 13,500 young people aged between 15 and 29 from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Spain, Mexico, Peru and the Dominican Republic between March 2019 and April 2020. The study aimed to measure the perception of these young people regarding the determinants of trust in relation to political and social institutions that constitute, in contemporary societies, the fundamental bases for the exercise of democratic life. The data shows, in general, a low level of trust in institutions among young people in these countries.

Resumo Confiança nas instituições e democracia. Os casos dos jovens espanhóis e latinoamericanos Este artigo examina dados da pesquisa Jóvenes en Iberoamérica 2021, coordenada pela Fundação SM da Espanha, que entrevistou 13.500 jovens com idade entre 15 e 29 anos da Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colômbia, Equador, Espanha, México, Peru e República Dominicana entre março de 2019 e abril de 2020. O estudo teve como objetivo medir a percepção desses jovens a respeito dos determinantes da confiança em relação a instituições políticas e sociais que constituem, nas sociedades contemporâneas, as bases fundamentais para o exercício da vida democrática. Os dados mostram, em geral, um baixo nível de confiança nas instituições entre os jovens desses países.

Resumen Este artículo examina datos de la encuesta Jóvenes en Iberoamérica 2021, coordinada por la Fundación SM, de España, que entrevistó a 13.500 jóvenes de entre 15 y 29 años de Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, España, México, Perú y República Dominicana, entre marzo de 2019 y abril de 2020. El estudio tuvo como objetivo medir la percepción de estos jóvenes sobre los determinantes de la confianza en relación con las instituciones políticas y sociales que constituyen, en las sociedades contemporáneas, las bases fundamentales para el ejercicio de la vida democrática. Los datos muestran, en general, un bajo nivel de confianza en las instituciones entre los jóvenes de estos países.

https://doi.org/10.26489/rvs.v37i54.1

14.

Situated Learning Theory e as comunidades de prática: subsídios para a reabilitação social de pessoas com estomias
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Correa Júnior, Antonio Jorge Silva

; Santana, Mary Elizabeth de

; Teles, André Aparecido da Silva

; Prates, Pedro Emílio Gomes

; Sonobe, Helena Megumi

Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação

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2024, Volume 28 elocation e230124

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

El objetivo fue discutir sobre trayectorias de aprendizaje situado para la rehabilitación social en Comunidades de Práctica (CoP) presenciales y online para personas con estomia. Se desempeñó una revisión narrativa comprensiva con línea de tiempo abierta para el muestreo de 18 artículos internacionales. La interpretación culminó en los pilares conceptuales de la CoP en salud, partiendo de las identidades y trayectorias rumbo a la participación central, perificidad legítima y reificación. Transferencia educativa en escenarios presenciales y online con artefactos, ejemplos y dilemas de implantación de diseñadores o arreglos colaborativos para diversos tipos de enfermedad y la urgencia de la evaluación interprofesional de la trayectoria y, finalmente, conociendo la existencia de las comunidades éticas, se propusieron subsidios para comunidades de práctica destinadas a las personas con estomias en el Sistema Brasileño de Salud, con la intención de la participación social-cuidadora y la rehabilitación.

The objective was to discuss situated learning trajectories for social rehabilitation in face-to-face and online Communities of Practice (CoP) for people with a stoma. A comprehensive narrative review was carried out with an open timeline, with a sample of 18 international articles. The interpretation culminated in the conceptual pillars of the healthcare CoP, starting from identities and trajectories towards central participation, legitimate peripherality and reification; educational transfer in face-to-face and online settings with artifacts; examples and dilemmas of implementing collaborative designs or arrangements for different types of illness and the urgency of an interprofessional evaluation of the trajectory; finally, knowing about the existence of ethical communities, subsidies were proposed for communities of practice targeted at people with a stoma in the Brazilian National Health System, aiming at social-care participation and rehabilitation.

Objetivou-se discutir trajetórias de aprendizagem situadas na reabilitação social em Comunidades de Prática (CoP) presenciais e on-line para pessoas com estomia. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa compreensiva com linha temporal aberta e amostragem de 18 artigos internacionais. A interpretação culminou nos pilares conceituais da CoP em saúde partindo de identidades e trajetórias rumo à participação central, à perificidade legítima e à reificação; transferência educacional em cenários presenciais e on-line com artefatos; exemplos e dilemas de implantação de designers ou arranjos colaborativos para diversos tipos de adoecimento e premência da avaliação interprofissional da trajetória; e, por fim, sabendo da existência das comunidades éticas, foram propostos subsídios para comunidades de prática destinadas às pessoas com estomias no Sistema Único de Saúde, tencionando a participação social-cuidativa e a reabilitação.

https://doi.org/10.1590/interface.230124

15.

Antibiosis of strawberry genotypes to the spotted spider mite
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Fagundes, João Pedro Robe

; Gobbi, Priscilla Costa

; Duarte, Adriane da Fonseca

; Bonow, Sandro

; Cunha, Uemerson Silva da

Ciência Rural

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2024, Volume 54 N. 1 elocation e20210677

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: The spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Koch, 1836), is one of the most important pests of strawberry production systems worldwide. Because plant resistance is an important integrated management strategy, the present study investigated the effects of 12 strawberry genotypes on the biological characteristics of this pest under laboratory conditions (25 ± 2 °C and RH 60 ± 10%; 12:12-hour photophase). The experiment was carried using 12 treatments (genotypes), divided into 20 replications each, in a completely randomized design. The response variables were the biological parameters of the spider mite and its survival rate. The development and survival of T. urticae were influenced by different strawberry genotypes. The Camarosa cultivar together with genotypes Selection 05 and 2017-04-03 negatively affected the development and survival of T. urticae. The Selection 02 genotype had greatest susceptibility to the spider mite, which allowed fast development and high survival rate. The reproductive parameters of T. urticae were affected differently as a function of the strawberry genotype, with the Camarosa cultivar and the genotypes Selection 05 and 2017-04-03 being unfavorable to development, suggesting a possible resistance based on antibiosis.

RESUMO: O ácaro-rajado, Tetranychus urticae (KOCH, 1836), é uma das pragas mais importantes dos sistemas de produção de morangos em todo o mundo. Considerando a resistência de plantas como importante estratégia de manejo integrado, o presente estudo investigou os efeitos de 12 genótipos nas características biológicas desta praga, em condições de laboratório (25 ± 2 °C e UR 60 ± 10%; fotofase de 12 horas). O experimento foi realizado em condições de Laboratório sendo utilizado 12 tratamentos (genótipos), divididos em 20 repetições cada, num delineamento inteiramente casualizado. As variáveis resposta foram os parâmetros biológicos do ácaro-rajado e taxa de sobrevivência. O desenvolvimento e a sobrevivência de T. urticae foram influenciados pelos diferentes genótipos de morangueiro. A cultivar Camarosa junto ao genótipo Seleção 05 e 2017-04-03 afetaram negativamente o desenvolvimento e a sobrevivência de T. urticae. O genótipo Seleção 02 demonstrou maior suscetibilidade ao ácaro-rajado, o qual apresentou rápido desenvolvimento e elevada taxa de sobrevivência. Conclui-se que os parâmetros reprodutivos de T. urticae são afetados em função do genótipo de morangueiro, sendo ‘Camarosa’ e os genótipos Seleção 05 e 2017-04-03 desfavoráveis ao desenvolvimento, sugerindo uma possível resistência do tipo antibiose.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210677

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