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au:SILVA, ROBSON JOSE

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Increased Cesarean Section Rates during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Looking for Reasons through the Robson Ten Group Classification System
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Silva, Cassia Elane Berbel da

; Guida, Jose Paulo Siqueira

; Costa, Maria Laura

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

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jul 2023, Volume 45 N. 7 Pages 371 - 376

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Objective To compare cesarean section (CS) rates according to the Robson Ten Group Classification System (RTGCS) and its indications in pregnant women admitted for childbirth during the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic with those of the previous year. Materials and Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study to compare women admitted for childbirth from April to October 2019 (before the pandemic) and from March to September 2020 (during the pandemic). The CSs and their indications were classified on admission according to the RTGCS, and we also collected data on the route of delivery (vaginal or CS). Both periods were compared using the Chi-squared (χ2) test or the Fisher exact test. Results In total, 2,493 women were included, 1,291 in the prepandemic and 1,202 in the pandemic period. There was a a significant increase in the CS rate (from 39.66% to 44.01%; p = 0.028), mostly due to maternal request (from 9.58% to 25.38%; p < 0.01). Overall, groups 5 and 2 contributed the most to the CS rates. The rates decreased among group 1 and increased among group 2 during the pandemic, with no changes in group 10. Conclusion There was an apparent change in the RTGSC comparing both periods, with a significant increase in CS rates, mainly by maternal request, most likely because of changes during the pandemic and uncertainties and fear concerning COVID-19.

Resumo Objetivo Comparar as taxas de cesárea segundo a Classificação de Robson, assim como suas indicações, em mulheres admitidas para parto durante a primeira onda de doença do coronavírus 2019 (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, em inglês), com as do ano anterior. Materiais e Métodos Conduzimos um estudo transversal que comparou as mulheres admitidas para parto entre abril e outubro de 2019 (pré-pandemia) e entre março e setembro de 2020 (durante a pandemia). As cesarianas e as suas indicações foram classificadas conforme o sistema proposto por Robson, e obteve-se a via de parto (vaginal ou cesárea). Ambos os períodos foram comparados usando-se os testes do Qui quadrado ou o exato de Fisher. Resultados Ao todo, 2.943 mulheres foram incluídas, das quais 1.291 antes da pandemia e 1.202 durante a pandemia. A taxa de cesárea aumentou significativamente (de 39.66% para 44,01%; p = 0,028), principalmente devido a desejo materno (de 9,58% para 25,38%; p < 0,01). Os grupos 5 e 2 foram os que mais contribuíram para as taxas de cesárea. Durante a pandemia, o grupo 1 reduziu sua frequência, enquanto o grupo 2 a aumentou. Conclusão Houve uma aparente mudança nas características da população conforme a classificação de Robson. Observou-se significativo aumento nas taxas de cesárea, principalmente por desejo materno, o que reflete possíveis incertezas e medos relacionados à COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772182

Carapichea ipecacuanha (Brot.) Stokes (Rubiaceae): The three last Latin American groups at risk of extinction under pressure from deforestation and climate change
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Silva, Robson do Santos Alves da

; Silva, Celice Alexandre

; Sobral-Souza, Thadeu

; Silva, Ricardo José da

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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2023, Volume 37 elocation e20220084

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Global climate change is currently a serious threat to biodiversity. The understanding of the effects of climate changes on the flora is urgent. Here, we analyze the effects of future climate change on the spatial distribution of the three remaining groups of Carapichea ipecacuanha (Poaia) in the Americas. We built niche-based models for current and optimistic and pessimistic climate scenarios projected for 2050 and 2090. Our findings showed that climatically suitable areas for the Atlantic and Amazon Forest groups will be strongly reduced. The greatest risk of extinction was observed for the Amazon group due to the drastic spatial reduction and abrupt spatial displacement of climate suitability. The climate suitability for the Atlantic Forest group will be reduced, comprising a small suitable area in the transition zone between Minas Gerais and Espirito Santo. The climate suitability for the Panama group remained in an continuous region in Panama and Colombia. Our results encourage future studies that develop conservation management plans in order to ensure the continuation of ecological refugia for this species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-941x-abb-2022-0084

Occurrence and spatial distribution of native acai groves in high-production areas of the Amazon region
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Soares, Daniele Cristina de Bito Lima

; Lima, Herdjania Veras de

; Araújo, Suzana Romeiro

; Ramos, Robson José Carrera

; Rocha, Arthur José da Silva

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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2023, Volume 54 elocation e20218080

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The floodplain forests of the Amazon estuary have undergone constant change over recent years, where management techniques, especially intensive management, have had an impact on the dynamics of the vegetation and land use. These changes can be monitored using satellite data. With this in mind, the aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of ground vegetation on the islands of Jarimbu, Mamangal, Itaboca, Mutirão and Buçu in the district of Igarapé-Miri, Pará, using images from the RapidEye and Planet satellites. The unsupervised ISODATA classification method was used, generating distinct classes of vegetation between each island. To evaluate the efficiency of the classification, an average of 200 random points were used, with another 30 points relating to the type of usage for each class. The Kappa index and overall precision were also analysed, in addition to calculating errors of omission and commission. Monitoring on a seven-year time scale using high-resolution satellites, a more than 50% increase in the Exposed Soil class was seen for the islands of Jarimbu, Mutirão and Itaboca, the latter responsible for an increase of more than 50% in the Urban Area class. On each of the five islands, the Alluvial class, representing the areas of açaí groves, has emerged over the last seven years, increasing in area at the expense of a reduction in the Arboreal class. In this respect, the confusion matrix showed a mean accuracy for the islands of ‘very good’, with a mean overall precision of 77.74%, and a mean Kappa index of 0.73, indicating strong agreement with the reference data and the classification.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230039

Estimating soil erodibility in areas under natural and anthropped environments in the southern region of Amazonas State
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Hassane, Abdul Luís

; Campos, Milton César Costa

; Santos, Luís Antonio Coutrim dos

; Silva, Douglas Marcelo Pinheiro da

; Santos, Robson Vinício dos

; Cunha, José Maurício da

; Brito, Wildson Benedito Mendes

; Lima, Alan Ferreira Leite de

; Brito Filho, Elilson Gomes de

; Oliveira, Flávio Pereira de

Bragantia

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2023, Volume 82 elocation e20230042

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Amazonian soils have been suffering severe changes resulting from human activities in the region, causing significant changes in soil attributes that can contribute to greater susceptibility to erosion processes. Therefore, the present work aimed to estimate the erodibility in natural and anthropic environments in the southern region of the Amazon. Eight areas in the region were selected, including areas of native forest, savannah, cerradão, pasture and reforestation, delimiting 32 sampling points per area, with collections at a depth of 0.00-0.20 m, totaling 256 samples. Next, texture analysis and quantification of soil organic carbon were performed, and then erodibility was estimated by indirect prediction methods, Tukey’s test, Pearson’s correlation and factorial analysis of principal components. According to the results obtained, it was observed that the evaluated areas of native forest 1 and 2, cerradão and pasture present high susceptibility to erosion in relation to the cerrado, reforestation with genipap, teak and mixed areas. Therefore, it was noted that the high level of erodibility is associated with a greater predominance of sand fraction, K factor, Ki Kr and low clay content, as well as with the management employed in the areas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20230042

The lost jewel of the Atlantic Forest: Kinglet Calyptura Calyptura cristata (Aves: Platyrinchidae) specimen inventory and plumage variation
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Silva, Robson Silva e

; Pacheco, José Fernando

; Schweizer, Manuel

; Kirwan, Guy M.

Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia

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2023, Volume 63 elocation e202363038

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Kinglet Calyptura Calyptura cristata is one of the great enigmas of the South American avifauna. Endemic to an apparently tiny area of south-eastern Brazil, in the Atlantic Forest biome, the species was not definitely seen between sometime in the second third of the 1800s and 1996, when it was briefly rediscovered in submontane forest north-west of Rio de Janeiro. Since then, C. cristata has been reported several times, but without documentation and always by single observers. It is currently considered Critically Endangered by BirdLife International, and various authors have speculated that the species might already be extinct. Given the extreme paucity of knowledge of this species, we provide a complete inventory of museum material for Kinglet Calyptura - more than 100 specimens are listed, the majority held in European collections, almost doubling previous estimates made in the literature. Several are held in relatively small institutions, thereby suggesting that yet more specimens might still be identified or found. In addition, with the benefit of this large sample of material, we discuss morphological variation in the species and we hypothesise particularly about the appearance of male, female and juvenile plumages.

https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2023.63.038

Princípio bioético da autonomia na atenção à saúde indígena
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Honorato, Marcos Manoel

; Oliveira, Norimar Pinto de

; Domingues, Robson José de Souza

; Cremaschi, Renata Maria de Carvalho

; Coelho, Fernando Morgadinho Santos

; Silva, José Antonio Cordero da

Revista Bioética

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jun 2022, Volume 30 N. 2 Pages 373 - 381

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Neste artigo busca-se caracterizar o respeito ao princípio da autonomia no atendimento a populações indígenas em território brasileiro, tendo por base relatos de experiência e uma revisão bibliográfica. Concluiu-se que esse princípio deve ser especialmente consolidado nas ações práticas de cuidado à saúde desenvolvidas com as populações de culturas diferenciadas, como é o caso das comunidades indígenas.

Abstract This article seeks to characterize the respect to the principle of autonomy in the care to indigenous peoples in the Brazilian territory, based on reports on experiences and a bibliographic review. It concluded that this principle must be specially consolidated in the practical actions of health care developed alongside peoples of different cultures, as is the case of indigenous communities.

Resumen Este artículo busca caracterizar el respeto en el principio de autonomía en la atención a las poblaciones indígenas en territorio brasileño a partir de informes de experiencia y revisión de la literatura. Se concluyó que este principio debe consolidarse especialmente en las acciones prácticas de asistencia sanitaria dirigidas a las poblaciones de diferentes culturas, como las comunidades indígenas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-80422022302533pt

Bioclimatic zoning for quails in the dry period in the state of Paraíba, Brazil
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Silva, Valquiria Cordeiro da

; Nascimento, Robson de Sousa

; Lopes Neto, José Pinheiro

; Miranda, Jaciara Ribeiro

; Lopes, Fernanda Fernandes de Melo

; Furtado, Dermeval Araújo

Revista Ceres

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apr 2022, Volume 69 N. 2 Pages 125 - 130

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Based on the temperature and humidity index, for quails from the 3rd to the 5th week of life, in the dry period in Paraíba state, Brazil, the objective was to carry out a bioclimatic zoning, identifying as regions suitable for the reproduction of quails and, when necessary, mitigating measures for greater animal comfort. The bioclimatic zoning was carried out for the mesoregions of the state, the climatic data used are from meteorological stations in the period from 1961 - 2015, from them maps were elaborated with the spatial distribution of the index, identifying as regions with ideal thermal comfort conditions for the animals. For quails in the third week, the Agreste mesoregion presents the best situation in the dry season, not requiring corrective measures to maintain the comfort of these animals. In the fourth week of life of the quails, the mesoregions that would provide THI values within the ZCT in the dry period would be the Zona da Mata paraibana and Sertão, while the ZCT for quails in the fifth week of life, could be found throughout the state of Paraíba.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x202269020001

Bioclimatic spatial zoning for small ruminants in the state of Paraíba, Brazil
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Silva, Valquiria Cordeiro da

; Nascimento, Robson de Sousa

; Lopes Neto, José Pinheiro

; Miranda, Jaciara Ribeiro

; Lopes, Fernanda Fernandes de Melo

; Furtado, Dermeval Araújo

Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences

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2022, Volume 44 elocation e56099

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to carry out bioclimatic zoning based on the historical series of climatic variables such as air temperature, maximum, minimum and relative humidity collected in six conventional meteorological stations in the state of Paraíba, Brazil and from this to determine whether or not the animals are in thermal comfort by comparing with the results obtained in scientific research in each mesoregion in the rainy and dry periods. Then based on this the comfort conditions for small ruminants in the rainy and dry seasons of the mesoregions of Paraíba were observed using data from the literature, and demonstrated in spatial distribution maps. The variables air temperatures, maximum and minimum and relative humidity varied throughout the state for the rainy season between 22 to 27, 18 to 21, 25 to 31ºC and 64 to 82%, respectively, and in dry season is 23 to 27, 28 to 35, 19 to 23ºC and 49 to 76%, respectively. However, it is concluded that raising sheep and goats is viable in all mesoregions of the state of Paraíba in both periods.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.56099

Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks and Microbiological Activity Under Forest-Pasture System and Traditional Pasture in Pernambuco
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Pessôa, Gabriel Carlos Moura

; Piscoya, Victor Casimiro

; Rolim Neto, Fernando Cartaxo

; Araújo Filho, Renisson Neponuceno de

; Melo, Robson Carlos Pereira de

; Pessôa, Uriel Calisto Moura

; Silva, Lucas José de Souza

; Cunha Filho, Moacyr

; Almeida, Rafael Costa Schaidhauer de

; Piscoya, Thaisa Oliveira Folha

; Moraes, Alex Souza

; Gomes Filho, Raimundo Rodrigues

; Medeiros, Raimundo Mainar de

; Saboya, Luciano Marcelo Fallé

; Pedrotti, Alceu

; Holanda, Francisco Sandro Rodrigues

; Fernandes, Milton Marques

; Santos, Luiz Diego Vidal

Floresta e Ambiente

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2022, Volume 29 N. 2 elocation e20210068

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract An adequate amount of soil organic matter is considered essential for long-term sustainable agriculture, ensuring good productivity. Therefore, the present study quantified carbon and nitrogen stocks and microbiological activity in soil of three different areas: Forest-pasture System, Pasture System and preserved Caatinga - used as a reference of the experiment - located in a semi-arid region, in Watershed of Pajeú River, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Eight trenches were opened in each system to collect soil samples at depths of 0 - 10, 20 - 30 and 50 - 60 cm, for chemical and microbiological analysis. In general, attributes of soil showed better results of land use in the following order: preserved Caatinga - Forest-pasture System - Pasture System.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087-floram-2021-0068

10.

EFFECT OF AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC TRAINING ON DIFFERENT ERGOMETERS IN RAT MUSCLE AND HEART TISSUES
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Ozaki, Guilherme Akio Tamura

; Camargo Filho, José Carlos Silva

; Garcia, Thiago Alves

; Castoldi, Robson Chacon

; Belangero, William Dias

Acta Ortopédica Brasileira

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2022, Volume 30 N. spe2 elocation e248048

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar os efeitos dos treinamentos aeróbios e anaeróbios em diferentes ergômetros na hipertrofia muscular e cardíaca de ratos. Métodos Os animais foram separados nos grupos controle (C), treinamento aeróbio em natação (ATW), treinamento resistido em meio aquático (RTW), treinamento aeróbio em esteira rolante (ATT) e treinamento resistido em escalada (RTC). Os protocolos de treinamento foram realizados por 4 semanas, 3 x/semana. Foram mensurados a área de secção transversa (CSA) das células do músculo gastrocnêmio e as áreas dos cardiomiócitos. Resultados Nas fibras de contração rápida houve aumento da CSA dos grupos RTW e RTC em relação aos grupos ATW (p<0,01 e p<0,01) e ATT (p<0,01 e p<0,01). Nas fibras de contração lenta os grupos ATW e ATT demonstraram menor CSA comparado aos grupos RTW (p=0,03 e p<0,00) e RTC (p<0,01 e p<0,01). Nos cardiomiócitos houve aumento da área dos grupos RTW e RTC em comparação com os grupos C (p<0,01 e p<0,01), ATW (p=0,02 e p<0,01) e ATT (p<0,01 e p<0,01). Conclusão Os treinamentos anaeróbios promoveram hipertrofia nas fibras de contração rápida e nos cardiomiócitos. Nível de Evidência V; Estudo experimental em animais.

ABSTRACT Objective Analyze the effects of aerobic and anaerobic training on different ergometers on muscle and cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Methods The animals were separated into the following groups: Control (C), Aerobic Training in Water (ATW), Resistance Training in Water (RTW), Aerobic Training on Treadmill (ATT), and Resistance Training in Climbing (RTC). All training protocols were carried out for 4 weeks, 3 times/week. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the gastrocnemius muscle cells and the areas of the cardiomyocytes were measured. Results In the fast-twitch fibers, there was an increase in CSA in the RTW and RTC groups compared to the ATW (p<0.01 and p<0.01) and ATT groups (p<0.01 and p<0.01). In the slow-twitch fibers, the ATW and ATT groups demonstrated a lower CSA compared to the RTW (p=0.03 and p<0.00) and RTC groups (p<0.01 and p<0.01). In the cardiomyocytes, there was an increase in the area of the RTW and RTC groups compared to groups C (p<0.01; p<0.01), ATW (p=0.02; p<0.01), and ATT (p<0.01; p<0.01). Conclusion The anaerobic training effectively promotes hypertrophy in the fast-twitch fibers and the cardiomyocytes. Level of Evidence V; Animal experimental study.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-785220223002e248048

11.

Recommendations by the Scientific Department of Neuroimmunology of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (DCNI/ABN) and the Brazilian Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunological Diseases (BCTRIMS) on vaccination in general and specifically against SARS-CoV-2 for patients with demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system
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Becker, Jefferson

; Ferreira, Lis Campos

; Damasceno, Alfredo

; Bichuetti, Denis Bernardi

; Christo, Paulo Pereira

; Callegaro, Dagoberto

; Peixoto, Marco Aurélio Lana

; Sousa, Nise Alessandra De Carvalho

; Almeida, Sérgio Monteiro De

; Adoni, Tarso

; Santiago-Amaral, Juliana

; Junqueira, Thiago

; Pereira, Samira Luisa Apóstolos

; Gomes, Ana Beatriz Ayroza Galvão Ribeiro

; Pitombeira, Milena

; Paolilo, Renata Barbosa

; Grzesiuk, Anderson Kuntz

; Piccolo, Ana Claudia

; D´Almeida, José Arthur Costa

; Gomes Neto, Antonio Pereira

; Oliveira, Augusto Cesar Penalva De

; Oliveira, Bianca Santos De

; Tauil, Carlos Bernardo

; Vasconcelos, Claudia Ferreira

; Kaimen-Maciel, Damacio

; Varela, Daniel

; Diniz, Denise Sisterolli

; Oliveira, Enedina Maria Lobato De

; Malfetano, Fabiola Rachid

; Borges, Fernando Elias

; Figueira, Fernando Faria Andrade

; Gondim, Francisco De Assis Aquino

; Passos, Giordani Rodrigues Dos

; Silva, Guilherme Diogo

; Olival, Guilherme Sciascia Do

; Santos, Gutemberg Augusto Cruz Dos

; Ruocco, Heloisa Helena

; Sato, Henry Koiti

; Soares Neto, Herval Ribeiro

; Cortoni Calia, Leandro

; Gonçalves, Marcus Vinícius Magno

; Vecino, Maria Cecilia Aragón De

; Pimentel, Maria Lucia Vellutini

; Ribeiro, Marlise De Castro

; Boaventura, Mateus

; Parolin, Mônica Koncke Fiuza

; Melo, Renata Brant De Souza

; Lázaro, Robson

; Thomaz, Rodrigo Barbosa

; Kleinpaul, Rodrigo

; Dias, Ronaldo Maciel

; Gomes, Sidney

; Lucatto, Simone Abrante

; Alves-Leon, Soniza Vieira

; Fukuda, Thiago

; Ribeiro, Taysa Alexandrino Gonsalves Jubé

; Winckler, Thereza Cristina D’ávila

; Fragoso, Yara Dadalti

; Nascimento, Osvaldo José Moreira Do

; Ferreira, Maria Lucia Brito

; Mendes, Maria Fernanda

; Brum, Doralina Guimarães

; Glehn, Felipe Von

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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nov 2021, Volume 79 N. 11 Pages 1049 - 1061

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O DC de Neuroimunologia da ABN e o BCTRIMS trazem, nesse documento, as recomendações sobre vacinação da população com doenças desmielinizantes do sistema nervoso central (SNC) contra infecções em geral e contra o coronavírus da síndrome respiratória aguda grave 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causador da COVID-19. Destaca-se a gravidade do atual momento frente ao avanço da COVID-19 em nosso País, o que torna mais evidente e importante a criação de guia de referência para orientação aos médicos, pacientes e autoridades de saúde pública quanto à vacinação, meio efetivo e seguro no controle de determinadas doenças infecciosa. O DCNI/ABN e o BCTRIMS recomendam que os pacientes com doenças desmielinizantes do SNC (ex., EM e NMOSD) sejam constantemente monitorados, quanto a atualização do seu calendário vacinal, especialmente, no início ou antes da mudança do tratamento com uma droga modificadora de doença (DMD). É importante também salientar que as vacinas são seguras e os médicos devem estimular o seu uso em todos os pacientes. Evidentemente, deve ser dada especial atenção às vacinas com vírus vivos atenuados. Por fim, é importante que os médicos verifiquem qual DMD o paciente está em uso e quando foi feita a sua última dose, pois cada fármaco pode interagir de forma diferente com a indução da resposta imune.

ABSTRACT The Scientific Department of Neuroimmunology of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (DCNI/ABN) and Brazilian Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunological Diseases (BCTRIMS) provide recommendations in this document for vaccination of the population with demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) against infections in general and against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19. We emphasize the seriousness of the current situation in view of the spread of COVID-19 in our country. Therefore, reference guides on vaccination for clinicians, patients, and public health authorities are particularly important to prevent some infectious diseases. The DCNI/ABN and BCTRIMS recommend that patients with CNS demyelinating diseases (e.g., MS and NMOSD) be continually monitored for updates to their vaccination schedule, especially at the beginning or before a change in treatment with a disease modifying drug (DMD). It is also important to note that vaccines are safe, and physicians should encourage their use in all patients. Clearly, special care should be taken when live attenuated viruses are involved. Finally, it is important for physicians to verify which DMD the patient is receiving and when the last dose was taken, as each drug may affect the induction of immune response differently.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-0162 1 downloads

12.

Effects of Concurrent Training and Intermittent Fasting on Structural, Functional, and Morphological Parameters of the Heart
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Marcelo, Henrique Izaias

; Aleixo, Paulo Henrique

; da-Silva, Rafael Pereira

; Pacagnelli, Francis Lopes

; da-Silva, Rejane Batista Brinholi Victorino

; Camargo Filho, José Carlos Silva

; Zanuto, Everton Alex Carvalho

; Castoldi, Robson Chacon

International Journal of Morphology

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aug 2021, Volume 39 N. 4 Pages 1190 - 1199

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY: Intermittent fasting and concurrent training have been performed frequently to decrease body mass. The aim was to analyze the effects of concurrent training (CT) and intermittent fasting (IF) on cardiac remodeling. In total, 39 adult male Wistar rats were used, divided into four groups: control (C [n = 12]), fasting control (FC [n = 11]), training (T [n = 8]) and fasting training (FT [n = 8]). The CT protocol was composed of 12 sessions, with 30 minutes of aerobic training (AT) in the liquid medium at an intensity of 80 % of the anaerobic threshold, followed by resistance training (RT) with 4 series of 10 aquatic jumps at an corresponding to 50 % of body weight. The IF period was established at 12/12 hours, starting at 9 p.m. and ending at 9 a.m. Echocardiographic analyzes were performed before and after the intervention and, at the end of the experiment, samples of the cardiac tissue were collected to perform the histological analyses. Data analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk tests, Analysis of Variance - ANOVA with Tukey's post-test, and Kruskal- Wallis with Dunn's post-test. All procedures assumed an error of 5 % (p<0.05). Neither group showed alterations in the functional (min. p= 0.12 - max. p= 0.83) and structural parameters of the heart (min. p=0.31 - max. p=0.83). A decrease was observed in the area of cardiomyocytes in the T (p=0.001) and FT groups (p=0.001). The CT and IF did not alter the functional and structural parameters of the heart, but did cause a decrease in the area of the cardiomyocytes.

RESUMEN: El ayuno intermitente y el entrenamiento concurrente se han realizado frecuentemente para disminuir la masa corporal. El objetivo fue analizar los efectos del entrenamiento concurrente (EC) y el ayuno intermitente (AI) sobre el remodelado cardíaco. En total, se utilizaron 39 ratas Wistar macho adultas, divididas en cuatro grupos: control (C [n = 12]), control en ayunas (AC [n = 11]), entrenamiento (E [n = 8]) y ayuno, entrenamiento [n = 8]). El protocolo de EC estuvo compuesto de 12 sesiones, con 30 minutos de entrenamiento aeróbico (EA) en el medio líquido a una intensidad del 80 % del umbral anaeróbico, seguido de entrenamiento de resistencia (ER) con 4 series de 10 saltos acuáticos correspondiente al 50 % del peso corporal. El período de AI se estableció a las 12/12 horas, a partir de las 21:00 horas. finalizando a las 9 a.m. Se realizaron análisis ecocardiográficos antes y después de la intervención y, al finalizar el experimento, se reco- lectaron muestras del tejido cardíaco para realizar los análisis histológicos. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante las pruebas de Shapiro-Wilk, Análisis de Varianza - ANOVA con pos test de Tukey y Kruskal-Wallis con postest de Dunn. Todos los procedimientos asumieron un error del 5 % (p <0,05). No se observaron alteraciones funcionales de los grupos (mín. P = 0,12 - máx. P = 0,83) y estructurales del corazón (mín. P = 0,31 - máx. P = 0,83). Se observó una disminución en el área de cardiomiocitos en los grupos E (p = 0,001) y EA (p = 0,001). La EC y la AI no alteraron los parámetros funcionales y estructurales del corazón, pero sí provocaron una disminución del área de los cardiomiocitos.

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13.

Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) extract as a phytogenic additive for sheep finished on pasture in the semiarid region
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Férrer, Juliana P.

; da Cunha, Márcio V.

; dos Santos, Mércia V.F.

; Torres, Thaysa R.

; da Silva, José R.C.

; Véras, Robson M.L.

; da Silva, Daniel C.

; da Silva, Alisson H.

; Queiroz, Luana M.D.

; Férrer, Moisés T.

; Neto, Elias L.S.

; Jaramillo, David M.

; de Souza, Evaristo J.O.

Chilean journal of agricultural research

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mar 2021, Volume 81 N. 1 Pages 14 - 26

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Phytogenic additives are organic molecules that also improve ruminal fermentation, turning the supplemented individuals into more productive animals, without damage the population welfare. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora [Sw.] DC.) extract as phytogenic additive for sheep finished on pasture in the Brazilian Northeast semiarid region. Twenty-four intact lambs (Santa Ines × Dorper F1 crossbred) were used, with an initial body weight of 23.00 ± 1.83 kg. The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized design with four treatments and six replicates. Treatments consisted of four diets: Pasture and no supplementation; grazing pasture and phytogenic additive; pasture, supplementation with Tifton 85 hay, and concentrate; and pasture, phytogenic additive, and supplementation with Tifton 85 hay and concentrate. Prior to supplementation, animals received the phytogenic additive according to treatment. There were nonsignificant differences for nutrient intake and behavior patterns (P > 0.05). However, additive intake derived from mesquite provided an increase (P < 0.05) in digestibility (14.40% total digestible nutrients), N balance (27.12% retained N:ingested N) and performance (8.82% final body weight, 21.81% total weight gain, and 30.81% average daily gain) compared to animals consuming only pasture in rainy period. Thus, the use of mesquite extract as phytogenic additive is recommended for sheep finished on pasture in the Brazilian semiarid region.

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14.

Partial diallel and genetic divergence analyses in maize inbred lines
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Maioli, Maria Fernanda de Souza Dias

; Pinto, Ronald José Barth

; Silva, Tereza Aparecida da

; Rizzardi, Diego Ary

; Matsuzaki, Robson Akira

; Sato, Marcelo Akira

; Eisele, Tauana Gibim

; Garcia, Giovana Dal Lago

Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy

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2021, Volume 43 elocation e53540

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. In this study, we aimed to estimate general and specific combining abilities (GCA and SCA, respectively) and to verify genetic divergence (Rogers distance, Unweighted Pair-Group Method Using Arithmetic Average - UPGMA) using microsatellite markers in maize inbred lines. Using a partial diallel scheme, a total of 19 inbred lines were crossed as (9 x 10), which were derived from the single hybrids SG6015 and P30F53, respectively. The 90 hybrids were evaluated in an incomplete randomized block design with common checks and three replications during the 2017-2018 growing season. Flowering time, average plant height, ear height insertion, average ear diameter, ear length, number of lodged and broken plants, mass of 100 grains and grain yield were measured. According to the analysis of variance, GCA, and SCA were significant (p < 0.05) in all the measured traits; inbred line B as well as 1 and 8, derived from the single hybrids SG6015 and P30F53, respectively, were selected due to their higher GCA values in grain yield to be used in crosses as testers, while the single cross hybrid (B x 1) was selected due to their higher SCA value in grain yield to be used in future breeding programs. The molecular marker analysis divided the inbred lines into two groups, where the highest dissimilarity (0.74) was observed between lines A and 9; however, these did not result in a high SCA value, therefore the hybrids obtained by such crossings were not selected for grain yield.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v43i1.53540 418 downloads

15.

Comparison of remote and local postconditioning against hepatic ischemic-reperfusion injury in rats
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Yasojima, Edson Yuzur

; Domingues, Robson José de Souza

; Silva, Renata Cunha

; Sousa, Luis Fernando Freitas de

; Trindade Júnior, Sérgio Cunha

Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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2021, Volume 36 N. 1 elocation e360101

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the hepatic protective effect of both remote and local postconditioning (POS). Methods: Twenty-eight Wistar rats were assigned into four groups: sham group(SHAM), ischemia-reperfusion group (IR), local ischemic POS group (lPOS) and remote ischemic POS group (rPOS). Animals were subjected to liver ischemia for 30 min. Local ischemic POS group consisted of four cycles of 5 min liver ischemia, followed by 5 min reperfusion (40 min). Remote ischemic POS group consisted of four cycles of 5 min hind limb ischemia, followed by 5 min hind limb perfusion after the main liver ischemia period. After 190 minutes median and left liver lobes were harvested for biochemical and histopathology analysis. Results: All the conditioning techniques were able to increase the level of bothglutathione reductase and peroxidase, showing higher values in the rPOS group when compared to the lPOS. Also, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were higher in all intervention groups when compared to SHAM, but rPOS had the lower rates of increase, showing the best result. The histopathology analysis showed that all groups had worst injury levels than SHAM, but rPOS had lower degrees of damage when compared to the lPOS, although it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Remote postconditioning is a promising technique to reduce liver ischemia-reperfusion injury, once it increased antioxidants substances and reduced the damage.

https://doi.org/10.1590/acb360101 477 downloads

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