RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação proteica materna sobre o metabolismo energético do músculo esquelético de bezerros de corte. Dezesseis matrizes gestantes foram divididas em três grupos: CONTROLE (não suplementado); MÉDIO (suplementados entre 30 e 180 dias de gestação); e FINAL (suplementado entre 181 e 281 dias de gestação). O suplemento continha 30% de proteína bruta e foi fornecido em quantidades totais iguais aos tratamentos. Trinta dias após o nascimento, amostras de sangue e músculo dos bezerros foram coletadas para análises de expressão gênica, abundância de proteínas e metabólitos. Não foram observadas diferenças (P ≥ 0,15) no peso ao nascimento ou parâmetros de desempenho ao desmame, bem como na expressão dos genes avaliados (P ≥ 0,21). Os bezerros nascidos de matrizes do tratamento CONTROLE apresentaram menor proporção (P = 0,03) de proteína p-AMPK/AMPK no músculo esquelético. Os bezerros nascidos de matrizes do tratamento MÉDIO apresentaram concentração de glicose menor (P = 0,04) do que aqueles nascidos de matrizes do tratamento FINAL. Os resultados observados indicam que a ausência de suplementação proteica em matrizes gestantes pode alterar o metabolismo energético da progênie e refletir em uma inflexibilidade metabólica, a qual pode ocasionar limitações quanto à eficiência energética do tecido muscular esquelético e consequentemente, limitar o desempenho da progênie ao longo da fase pós-natal.

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effect of maternal protein supplementation during mid or late gestation on energy metabolism of the skeletal muscle of beef calves. Sixteen pregnant cows were divided into 3 groups: CTRL (not supplemented); MID (supplemented from 30 to 180 days of gestation); and LATE (supplemented from 181 to 281 days of gestation). The supplement contained 30% crude protein. Thirty days after birth, blood and muscle samples of the calves were collected for analyses of gene expression, proteins, and metabolites. No differences (P ≥ 0.15) in birth weight, performance at weaning, or muscle expression of the genes evaluated (P ≥ 0.21) were observed. Calves born to CTRL cows had a lower ratio (P = 0.03) of p-AMPK/AMPK protein in the skeletal muscle. Calves born to MID cows had lower (P = 0.04) glucose concentration than those born to LATE cows. Changes in p-AMPK/AMPK protein, indicated a possible metabolic inflexibility in the skeletal muscle of calves born to CTRL cows. These results indicated that lack of protein supplementation in pregnant cows alter the energy metabolism of their calves and reflect in a metabolic inflexibility.

Abstract Due to the ease of its practice, walking / running can be performed in such a way that there is no adequate control or monitoring, resulting in the appearance of injuries, highlighting patellofemoral pain. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the levels of patellofemoral pain in walk / run practitioners. The sample consisted of 318 individuals, selected in a non-probabilistic manner, for convenience and adherence, including over 18 years old, both sexes, living in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, who practiced walking / running. Data collection was performed using an online questionnaire on the google platform. Participants who agreed to participate answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and a subscale of patellofemoral pain and osteoarthritis of the KOOS questionnaire. Data were presented using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), submitted to inferential statistics using Student's t test, ANOVA with Bonferroni's post hoc to show the effect of comparisons, considering a significance level of 5% (p <0.05). There were no significant differences between the variables analyzed (p = 0.599; ES = 0.06), suggesting that there is no difference in patellofemoral pain in practitioners of walking / running between the sexes and different levels of physical activity; research with larger samples and monitoring of more variables, in the search for more assertive results, should be carried out.

Resumo Pela facilidade de sua prática, a caminhada / corrida pode ser realizada de forma que não haja controle ou monitoramento adequado, resultando no aparecimento de lesões, destacando a dor femoropatelar. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar os níveis de dor femoropatelar em praticantes de caminhada / corrida. A amostra foi composta por 318 indivíduos, selecionados de forma não probabilística, por conveniência e adesão, incluindo maiores de 18 anos, ambos os sexos, residentes no estado de Pernambuco, Brasil, que praticavam caminhada / corrida. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário online na plataforma google. Os participantes que aceitaram participar responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico, o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ) e subescala de dor patelofemoral e osteoartrite do questionário KOOS. Os dados foram apresentados através da estatística descritiva (média e desvio padrão), submetidos à estatística inferencial por meio do teste t de Student, ANOVA com post hoc de Bonferroni para mostrar o efeito das comparações, considerando nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Não foi observada diferenças significantes entre as variáveis analisadas (p = 0,599), sugerindo que não há diferença no dor femoropatelar em praticantes de caminhada / corrida entre os sexos e diferentes níveis de atividade física; pesquisas com amostras maiores e monitoramento de mais variáveis, na busca por resultados mais assertivos, devem ser realizadas.

ABSTRACT: Parkinson’s disease can harm the functional capacity of a person, which may lead to a worse motor coordination and balance, increasing the risk of falls, and consequently to morbidities or even death. So, complimentary therapies to the drug therapy as exercise programs the aim to increase coordination and balance may avoid the possible falls that may occur and to increase the life quality for people with this illness. Thus, the present study is aimed to verify the efficiency of a four-week exercise program formed by balance and motor coordination on people living with Parkinson using Berg scale to evaluate it. Twelve individuals (64.18 ± 9.54 years; 73.83 ± 14.97 kg; 168.25 ± 8.24 cm) were submitted to two sessions each week consisted of exercises divided in three series of 90 seconds, in a total of eight sessions. The Berg scores increase significatively (p = 0.033) from 43.58 ± 6.53 to 46 ± 5.22. Since scores less than 45 mean a high probability of falls, it is possible to say that the applied program was effective in increase the balance for these individuals, consequently, leading to a better functional capacity and a possible better life quality.

RESUMEN: La enfermedad de Parkinson deteriora la capacidad funcional del paciente al afectar su coordinación motora y el equilibrio, lo que puede provocar caídas y, en consecuencia, morbilidades asociadas o incluso la muerte. De esta manera, las terapias auxiliares de la terapia farmacológica, como los programas de ejercicio físico que buscan mejorar la coordinación y el equilibrio, pueden ayudar a evitar el riesgo de caídas y, por lo tanto, mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas afectadas por esta enfermedad. Por tanto, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo verificar la efectividad de un programa de ejercicios de cuatro semanas que incluye ejercicios de equilibrio y coordinación motora para mejorar el equilibrio de las personas con Parkinson, utilizando la escala de Berg. Doce personas (64,18 ± 9,54 años; 73,83 ± 14,97 kg; 168,25 ± 8,24 cm) se sometieron a dos sesiones semanales de ejercicios divididos en tres series de 90 segundos para cada ejercicio, para un total de ocho sesiones. La puntuación de los individuos en la escala de Berg aumentó significativamente (p = 0,033) de 43,58 ± 6,53 a 46 ± 5,22. Sabiendo que los puntajes inferiores a 45 significan una probabilidad considerable de caídas, es posible afirmar que el programa de ejercicio aplicado fue efectivo para mejorar el equilibrio de los individuos y, en consecuencia, puede conducir a una mejora en la capacidad funcional del individuo y una posible mejora en la calidad de vida.

Abstract The aim of this study was to discuss and analyze the consequences faced in the return to physical activity of the individuals affected by COVID-19. Descriptive research with an exploratory survey design was carried out with 34 participants, all of them affected by COVID-19 and with a previous history of physical training. The research instruments were built from two independent blocks: a) characterization of the participants and; b) application of SF-36. The data did not show normality according to the Shapiro-Wilk test and homogeneity according to the Levene's test. The results were presented from a descriptive analysis. The Chi-square test showed a significant association between the variables muscle weakness or fatigue and dyspnea (p <0.05). It was observed that the participants, especially women, reported performance loss. As COVID-19 is a little-known health condition, deeper analyzes should be carried out to highlight its consequences, especially in longitudinal studies.

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi discutir e analisar as consequências enfrentadas no retorno há prática de atividade física do indivíduo acometido pela COVID-19. Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva com delineamento exploratório do tipo survey com 34 participantes, acometidos pela COVID-19 e com histórico prévio de treinamento físico. Os instrumentos de pesquisa foram construídos a partir de dois blocos independentes: a) caracterização dos participantes e; b) aplicação do SF-36. Os dados não apresentaram normalidade pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk e homogeneidade pelo teste de Levene’s. Os resultados foram apresentados a partir de uma análise descritiva. O teste Qui quadrado mostrou associação significativa entre as variáveis fraqueza ou fadiga muscular e dispneia (p<0,05). Foi observado que os participantes, em especial as mulheres, relataram perda de desempenho. Por se tratar de uma condição de saúde pouco conhecida, análises mais aprofundadas devem ser realizadas para evidenciar as consequências do COVID-19, principalmente em estudos longitudinais.

Resumen Infarto agudo del miocardio es la enfermedad que más afecta a la población y el tiempo entre la ocurrencia del evento y la asistencia es crucial para un mejor pronóstico. Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación vinculadas a una aplicación móvil pueden ayudar a la brevedad en la atención, especialmente si la persona afectada por un infarto comprender estos signos y síntomas rápidamente. Objetivo: Desarrollar una aplicación móvil en la salud de apoyo a los primeros auxilios del infarto agudo del miocardio. Es un estudio del tipo de desarrollo tecnológico llevado a cabo en dos fases: fase de preproducción (revisión bibliográfica sobre los factores de riesgo y comorbilidades relacionados con infarto de miocardio y el análisis de aplicaciones similares) y producción, con base en la estrategia Design Thinking. Para el desarrollo de la aplicación, S.O.S infarto, se utilizaron los frameworks Apache Cordova e Ionic. La elaboración de puntuación de evaluación del riesgo de IAM consideró las variables dolor, historia clínica, presencia de signos y síntomas de IAM. La funcionalidad de la aplicación son catastro, historia clínica, signos y síntomas relacionados con el IAM, chat, riesgo de IAM, lista de contactos, geolocalización, identificación de las Unidades de Atención de Urgencia y Aprenda Más. Conclusión: El S.O.S infarto es una herramienta estratégica para la salud de las personas en riesgo de IAM, con el fin de provocar una disminución de las secuelas y aumentar las posibilidades de supervivencia de la población.

Resumo O infarto agudo do miocárdio é o agravo que mais acomete a população, sendo o tempo entre a ocorrência do evento e a assistência decisivo para um melhor prognóstico. As tecnologias de informação e comunicação associadas a um aplicativo móvel podem auxiliar na brevidade no atendimento, especialmente se o indivíduo acometido pelo infarto entender esses sinais e sintomas rapidamente. Objetivo: Relatar o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo móvel em saúde para apoio ao paciente com sinais de Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio. Pesquisa do tipo desenvolvimento tecnológico realizado em duas etapas: pré-produção (levantamento bibliográfico sobre os fatores de risco e comorbidades relacionadas ao infarto e análise de aplicativos similares) e produção, baseada na estratégia do Design Thinking. Para o desenvolvimento do aplicativo, S.O.S Infarto, utilizou-se dos frameworks Apache Cordova e Ionic. A elaboração do escore de avaliação de risco de IAM, considerou as variáveis dor, história clínica e presença de sinais e sintomas de IAM. As funcionalidades do aplicativo são, cadastro, história clínica, sinais e sintomas relacionados ao IAM, chat, risco de IAM, lista de contatos, geolocalização, identificação de Unidades de Atendimento de Urgência, e o Saiba Mais. Conclusão: O S.O.S Infarto é uma ferramenta estratégica na assistência à saúde de pessoas com risco para IAM, a fim de provocar uma diminuição nas sequelas e aumento das chances de sobrevida da população.

Abstract Acute myocardial infarction is the disease that most affects the population and the time between its occurrence and the assistance is crucial for a better prognosis. Information and communication technologies linked to a mobile application can assist in the care brevity, especially if the affected individual understand these signs and symptoms quickly. Objective: To develop a health mobile application in first-aid support of acute myocardial infarction. A survey of the technological-development type carried out in two stages: pre-production (bibliographic survey on risk factors and comorbidities related to myocardial infarction and analysis of similar applications) and production, based on the Design Thinking strategy. For the development of the application, S.O.S infarction, we used the Apache Cordova frameworks and Ionic. The elaboration of risk assessment score of AMI considered the pain, clinical history, presence of signs and symptoms of AMI variables. The functionality of the application are registry, clinical history, AMI-related signs and symptoms, chat, AMI risk, list of contacts, geolocation, identification of Urgency Care Units and Learn More. Conclusion: The S.O.S infarction is a strategic tool in health care for people at risk for AMI, aiming to decrease the sequels and increase the chances of survival of the population.

Abstract Aims: This study aimed to analyze the influences of social isolation on the professional performance of Brazilian handball coaches and their expectations for the return of training sessions. Methods: Fifty-two handball coaches participated in this study (Mage=37.4 years; SDage=8.4), who coach U-8 to adult teams, and answered an online survey divided into two main sections: a) coaches’ actions with athletes and/or teams throughout social isolation; b) professional learning during social isolation. Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data analysis and Thematic Analysis for qualitative data analysis. Results: The coaches mentioned that the contact with the teams has been made mostly with WhatsApp (94.2%) and Google Meet or Zoom (75.0%), in which coaches mainly emphasize physical fitness (69.2%) and tactical knowledge (67.3%). For professional learning, coaches are participating in online lectures (96.2%), and virtual meetings (92.3%). Coaches also seek content mainly related to teaching approaches (82.7%), and specific handball exercises (75.0%). Regarding expectations after the social isolation, coaches reported concern about uncertainties for sports practice (restriction of physical contact, decreased incentives for teams, and competitions) and possible psychological benefits (motivation to practice, overcoming difficulties, and learning new resources). Conclusion: The coaches revealed the concern about maintaining the athletes’ performance during the social isolation, the uncertainties for the future of the teams, and the difficulties to use different resources for training. We suggested that the courses for coaches emphasize aspects that enable the learning of new technologies (e.g. social networks, video edition, and research platforms).

Resumo Devido à alta intensidade do esporte competitivo, a potência anaeróbia é uma capacidade física de natureza decisiva para a maioria das modalidades esportivas. Entretanto, diferentes tipos de superfícies onde são jogadas estas modalidades podem interferir no desempenho dessa capacidade física. Em esportes cuja corrida é base para sua prática, o Running Anaerobic Sprint Test – RAST é largamente utilizado para a avaliação da potência anaeróbia e levando em consideração à especificidade de cada esporte, sugere-se que este teste seja aplicado na superfície onde ele é praticado. Neste sentido, o objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o desempenho no RAST em diferentes tipos de solo. A amostra foi composta por 10 sujeitos com idade média de 20,2 ± 0,9 anos, estatura média de 1,8 ± 0,1 metros, massa corporal média de 77,4 ± 15,9 kg e histórico médio de treinamento de 6,0 ± 2,0 anos. O RAST foi realizado em três superfícies diferentes (cimento, grama e areia). A potência máxima e mínima e o índice de fadiga foram comparados entre os solos. Os resultados indicam que as potências máxima e mínima foram menores na areia comparadas a grama e ao cimento. No entanto, não houve diferença no índice de fadiga. Conclui-se que o tipo de solo é um fator que influencia no desempenho do RAST.

Abstract Due to the high intensity of competitive sports, the anaerobic power is a very important physical capacity for most sports. However, the diverse surfaces were these sports may interfere in the performance of this capacity. In running-based sports, the Running Anaerobic Sprint Test – RAST is largely used to evaluate anaerobic power. Considering the specificity of each sport, it is suggested to apply this test on the surface that it is played. Thus, the aim of the present study is to analyze the performance of RAST on different surfaces. The sample was composed by 10 subjects, mean age 20.2 ± 0.9 years old, mean height 1.8 ± 0.1 meters, mean body weight 77.4 ± 15.9 kg, and practice time of 6.0 ± 2.0 years. RAST was conducted on three different surfaces (hard, grass and sand). The maximum and minimum power and the fatigue index were compared between the surfaces. The results indicate that maximum and minimum power were lower in sand when compared to grass and hard surfaces. However, the fatigue index did not change. So, we observed that the surface is an important factor in RAST performance.

Resumo: Neste artigo são apresentados os resultados obtidos durante a aplicação de uma experiência didática que inseriu tópicos de Astronomia Indígena Brasileira (AIB) nas aulas de Física do Ensino Médio (EM). O trabalho de pesquisa teve como suporte teórico os conceitos da Etnoastronomia e referências inspiradas na pedagogia dialógica de Paulo Freire com intuito de estudar o Céu noturno com o olhar voltado para diferentes Culturas indígenas. A proposta apresentada foi desenvolvida em uma escola da rede particular de ensino de Taguatinga, Distrito Federal, Brasil, sendo realizada por meio de aulas expositivas e práticas direcionadas aos estudantes do 1º ano do EM. Considerando a falta de materiais publicados e disponíveis sobre o tema, produziu-se um material didático instrucional com a finalidade de contribuir com a prática docente. O texto disponível nesse recurso serviu de apoio reflexivo e as sugestões de atividades, como práticas educacionais, permitiram a efetividade da proposta.

Abstract: This article presents the results obtained during the application of a didactic experience that inserted topics of Brazilian Indigenous Astronomy (AIB) in High School Physics classes. The research work had as theoretical support the concepts of Ethnoastronomy and references inspired in dialogical pedagogy of Paulo Freire in order to study the night sky with the look toward to different indigenous cultures. The proposal presented was developed in a private school in Taguatinga, Federal District, Brazil, being carried out through lectures and practices directed to 1st year of High School. Considering the lack published and available material on the subject an instructional didactic material was produced with the purpose of contributing to the teaching practice. The text available in this resource served as a reflective support and suggestions for activities such as, educational practices, thus enabling the effectiveness of the proposal.

Abstract This study used qRT-PCR to examine variation in the expression of 13 myogenes during muscle development in four prenatal periods (21, 40, 70 and 90 days post-insemination) in commercial (the three-way Duroc, Landrace and Large-White cross) and local Piau pig breeds that differ in muscle mass. There was no variation in the expression of the CHD8, EID2B, HIF1AN, IKBKB, RSPO3, SOX7 and SUFU genes at the various prenatal ages or between breeds. The MAP2K1 and RBM24 genes showed similar expression between commercial and Piau pigs but greater expression (p < 0.05) in at least one prenatal period. Pair-wise comparisons of prenatal periods in each breed showed that only the CSRP3, LEF1, MRAS and MYOG genes had higher expression (p < 0.05) in at least one prenatal period in commercial and Piau pigs. Overall, these results identified the LEF1 gene as a primary candidate to account for differences in muscle mass between the pig breeds since activation of this gene may lead to greater myoblast fusion in the commercial breed compared to Piau pigs. Such fusion could explain the different muscularity between breeds in the postnatal periods.

A total of 36 ethanol extracts from different anatomical parts of 27 plant species (18 families), native to the Pantanal and Cerrado biomes in Midwest Brazil, was assessed for their effect against Aedes aegypti larvae, the vector of dengue, hemorrhagic dengue, Zika and chikungunya fevers. Only the extract obtained from seeds of Guarea kunthiana (Meliaceae) proved active (LC50 = 169.93 μg/mL). A bioassay-guided investigation of this extract led to the isolation and identification of melianodiol, a protolimonoid, as the active constituent (LC50 = 14.44 mg/mL). Meliantriol, which was also obtained from the bioactive fraction, was nevertheless devoid of any larval toxicity, even at the highest concentration tested (LC50 > 100.0 mg/mL). These results indicate that the larvicidal activity of melianodiol stems from the presence of the carbonyl moiety at C-3 in the 21,23-epoxy-21,24,25-trihydroxy-tirucall-7-ene-type skeleton. The structures of both protolimonoids were established on the basis of spectral methods (1H and 13C NMR and MS). This is the first report on the toxicity of melianodiol against Ae. aegypti larvae. Based on the results, melianodiol can be regarded as a potential candidate for use as an ecologically sound biocontrol agent for reducing the larval population of this vector.

In addition to β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, phaeophitin A, luteolin, kaempferol, quercetin, (+)-catechin, quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, rutin, and p-hydroxy-benzoic acid, six known sesquiterpenes, namely (rel)-2β,6β-epoxy-5β-hydroxy-isodaucane, oplopanone, 1β,6α-dihydroxy-4(15)-eudesmene, caryophyllene oxide, α-cadinol, and spathulenol, were isolated from the leaves of Pterodon pubescens (Leguminosae) growing in the Cerrado of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The (rel)-2β,6β-epoxy-5β-hydroxy-isodaucane corresponds to the correct structure of homalomenol D. The sesquiterpene oplopanone, which bears a modified cadinane skeleton, is being reported for the first time in this genus. The structures of the compounds were determined on the basis of spectral data (MS, IR, and NMR-1D and 2D) and subsequent comparison with data reported in the literature.

From the leaves of a specimen of Trichilia silvatica Meliaceae, eight known compounds were isolated, namely, two pregnanes, 2α,3β,4β-trihydroxypregnan-16-one (1) and 2β,3β,4β-trihydroxypregnan-16-one (2), three diterpenes, cneorubine X (3), kolavelool (4) and kolavenol (5), in addition to γ-tocopherol, 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-sitosterol and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-stigmasterol. This is the first reported occurrence of pregnane 1, diterpenes 3-5 and µ-tocopherol in the genus Trichilia. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined on the basis of their spectral data.

Objetivou-se avaliar o consumo, a digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e os parâmetros ruminais de ovinos alimentados com dietas à base de palma forrageira, bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e ureia associados a diferentes suplementos. Foram utilizados cinco ovinos sem padrão racial definido, machos, não-castrados, fistulados no rúmen. Os animais foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em quadrado latino 5 x 5, com cinco animais (linhas) e cinco períodos (colunas). Cada período teve duração de 13 dias. A ração sem suplemento foi composta de 67,6% de palma forrageira, 27,7% de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar in natura, 2,7% de mistura ureia:sulfato de amônio (9:1) e 2,0% de mistura mineral, em base da matéria seca (MS). Os demais tratamentos consistiram na adição de um suplemento à ração ao nível de 0,4% do peso corporal, composta por: farelo de trigo, farelo de soja, farelo de algodão ou caroço de algodão. Não foram observados efeitos da associação dos suplementos sobre os parâmetros avaliados, sendo: 3,29%, 60,61%, 76,37%, 6,51 e 11,85mg/100mL os valores médios observados para o consumo de MS em função do peso corporal, digestibilidades da MS e da PB, pH e amônia ruminal, respectivamente. A escolha do suplemento deve estar associada à disponibilidade e ao custo.

The study was conducted with the objective to evaluate the intake, apparent digestibility of the nutrients and of ruminal fermentation characteristics of sheep fed diets based on spineless cactus, sugar cane bagasse and urea associated to diferents supplements. Five non-castrated male sheep were allotted to a 5 x 5 Latin square design, with five animals (lines) and five periods (columns). Each experimental period last 13 day. The ration without supplement was composed of 67.6% of spineless cactus, 27.7% of sugar cane bagasse, 2.7% of urea:ammonium sulphate mixture (9:1) and 2.0% of mineral mixture, in dry matter (DM) basis. The other treatments consisted of the addition of a supplement to the ration (0,4% of body weight), being: wheat meal, soybean meal, cottonseed meal or whole cottonseed. Were not observed effects of supplement association on the evaluated parameters, being: 3.29%, 60.61%, 76.37%, 6.51 and 11.85mg/100mL the means value for intake of DM (% of body weight), digestibility of DM and CP, pH and ruminal ammonium, respectively. The choice of supplement should be associated with the availability and cost.

Six new eremophilane sesquiterpenes, (rel)-4β,5β,7β-eremophil-9-en-12-oic acid (1), (rel)-4β,5β,7β-eremophil-1(10)-en-12-oic acid (2), (rel)-4β,5β,7β-eremophil-1(10)-en-2-oxo-12-oic acid (3), (rel)-4β,5β,7β-eremophil-9-en-12,8α-olide (4), (rel)-4β,5β,7β-eremophil-9-en-12,8β-olide (5) and (rel)-4β,5β,7β-eremophil-9α,10α-epoxy-12-oic acid (6), were isolated from the leaves of a specimen of Ocotea lancifolia (Lauraceae). Two other known sesquiterpenes, 4β,5β,7β-eremophil-11-en- 10α-ol (7) reported for the first time in the genus Ocotea, and the aromadendrene sesquiterpene, spathulenol (8), were also isolated. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectral data (MS, IR, UV and NMR-1D and 2D) and subsequent comparisons with the literature.

Macrosiphonia petraea (A. St.-Hil.) Kuntze is a plant popularly known as "velame". Its root infusion is used in the folk medicine of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Phytochemical investigation of the roots of this species led to the identification of 17 compounds belonging to four different classes: two pregnanes, 12β-hydroxypregna-4,6,16-triene-3,20-dione, neridienone A, and 12β-hydroxypregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione, cybisterol, one hydroxylated fatty acid, 5-hydroxy-octadeca-6(E)-8(Z)dienoic acid, two lignoids, pinoresinol and 8a-hydroxypinoresinol, ten pentacyclic triterpenoids, and two steroids.