Propósito Artigos recentes sugerem que pacientes com esclerose múltipla (EM) tem tendência ao abuso de álcool. Isto poderia se dever à combinação de uma doença crônica e incapacitante e um perfil psiquiátrico típico da EM. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar estes achados em uma população de pacientes com EM culturalmente diferente.Método O presente estudo caso-controle transversal avaliou 168 pacientes com EM e 168 controles, todos brasileiros.Resultados Não houve evidência que pacientes com EM usassem mais álcool ou tabaco do que os controles. Na verdade, os controles apresentavam um consumo significativamente maior de álcool. O único aspecto associado ao maior consumo de álcool foi a ansiedade, tanto para pacientes quanto para controles.Conclusão Ao contrário de outros dados da literatura, pacientes com EM neste nosso estudo não bebem ou fumam mais do que a população controle.

Purpose Recent papers suggest that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are prone to alcohol misuse. This may be due to the combination of a lifelong and disabling disease with a psychiatric profile typical of MS. The objective of the present study was to assess these findings in a culturally different population of patients with MS.Method The present case-control transversal study assessed 168 patients with MS and 168 control subjects from Brazil.Results There were no evidence that patients with MS drank more alcohol or, smoked more than did controls. In fact, control subjects had a significantly higher alcohol consumption. The only trait associated to higher alcohol consumption was anxiety, both for patients and controls.Conclusion Unlike previous reports in the literature, patients with MS in our study did not drink or smoked more than a control population.

Con la finalidad de valorar la eficacia antihelmíntica de Doramectina 1%, Ivermectina 1% y Ricobendazol 15% en ovinos, se desarrolló una investigación en 49 animales con mestizaje predominante West African que presentaban infecciones naturales por nematodos gastrointestinales, con valores de huevos por gramo de heces (HPG) al inicio del ensayo superiores a 150. Fueron divididos en cuatro grupos, tres tratados con las drogas en estudio y uno Testigo no tratado. Las muestras de heces se tomaron directamente del recto, previo al tratamiento antihelmíntico y los días 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 y 42 postratamiento (DPT); se analizaron a través de la técnica de McMaster modificada. Para la valoración de la eficacia se utilizó el método del porcentaje de reducción en los HPG “in vivo” (RPH) y el de identificación de larvas infectivas recuperadas de los coprocultivos realizados en los diferentes días del muestreo. La Doramectina mostró alta eficacia (94,2 - 100% del PRH) hasta los 35 DPT, recuperándose larvas infectivas de Trichostrongylus spp. a los 35 y 42 DPT. Se demostró una alta eficacia de la Ivermectina hasta los 28 DPT (90,37 - 100% del PRH), observándose larvas infectivas de los géneros Trichostrongylus, Haemonchus, Cooperia y Strongyloides, hasta los 42 DPT. El Ricobendazol presentó una eficacia con alta variabilidad (50-95%), mostrando resistencia antihelmíntica frente a los principales nematodos recuperados. La Doramectina e Ivermectina presentan mayor eficacia nematodicida, siendo la primera más persistente en el control de nematodos gastrointestinales en ovinos de pelo.

In order to assess the anthelmintic efficacy of Doramectin 1%, Ivermectin 1% and Ricobendazole 15% in ovines, it was make a research with 49 animals crossbreed West African, naturally infected by gastrointestinal nematodes, which values previously to the assay were higher than 150 EPG. The animals were divided in four groups, three treated with the anthelmintics and one as untreated control. The fecal samples were taking directly of the rectum, previous to the treatment and at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 days post treatment (DPT), and they were analyzed through McMaster modified technique. To valuate the anthelmintic efficacy was used the eggs reduction percent method in vivo and the identification of the infective larvaes recovered from coprocultures. The Doramectin has high efficacy (94.2 - 100%) until the 35 DPT, it was observed infective larvaes of Trichostrongylus spp. at 35 and 42 DPT. The Ivermectina efficacy was high until the 28 DPT (90.37 - 100%), it was detected infective larvaes of Trichostrongylus, Haemonchus, Cooperia and Strongyloides, until 42 DPT. The Ricobendazole efficacy showed high variability during the assay (50 - 95%), suggesting anthelmintic resistance of the main recovered nematodes. Doramectin and Ivermectin showed the best nematodicide efficacy, being the one more persistent in the digestives nematodes control in hair ovines.

El parasitismo gastrointestinal en los ovinos representa una importante limitante en la explotación de esta especie y dentro de estas infecciones, las estrongilidosis son las de mayor impacto negativo. Con el objetivo de determinar la fluctuación de las infecciones por estróngilos digestivos en animales desparasitados, se examinó coproscópicamente (técnica de Mc Master) una muestra estadística de 70 ovinos, distribuidos proporcionalmente en cuatro grupos de edad. Grupo 1: ovinos de 0 a 70 dias de edad (n = 5); Grupo 2: 70 días a 12 meses (n = 26); Grupo 3: hembras > 12 meses, gestantes, lactantes o vacías (n = 36); Grupo 4: sementales (n = 3) durante 6 meses. Se calculó la prevalencia, carga parasitaria y se efectuaron coprocultivos cada mes. Se obtuvo un valor de prevalencia promedio del rebaño de 43,64%. Las cargas parasitarias (HPG promedio o abundancia) fueron para el grupo 1 = 1210,0 ± 69; grupo 2 = 378,6 ± 88; grupo 3 = 385,8 ± 64; grupo 4 = 155,6 ± 61; los mayores contajes individuales se observaron en el grupo 2. De los coprocultivos se identificaron larvas infectivas (L3) de Haemonchus contortus y Trichostrongylus spp., siendo dominante H. contortus durante todo el periodo de estudio. No se halló diferencia estadística cuando se compararon los niveles de carga parasitaria entre grupos de edad. Las condiciones climáticas consideradas (precipitación, temperatura y humedad ambiental relativa media), se encontraron dentro del rango favorable para el desarrollo y supervivencia de las formas preparasíticas de los estróngilos durante todo el periodo.

Ovine gastrointestinal parasitism is an important limiting factor in the exploitation of this specie and among of these infections, estrongilidosis are the most important. In order to determine the behaviour of digestive Strongyles infections within an ovine herd, monthly coprological exams were carried out, using Mc Master technique. A total of 70 ovines animals statistical sample, grouped by age. Group 1: 0 to 70 days age (n = 5); Group 2: 70 days to 12 months (n = 26); Grupo 3: ewes > 12 meses, gestantes, lactantes o vacías (n = 36); Grupo 4: rams (n = 3) were carried out during a six month period. Prevalence and eggs per gram of faeces were assessed along with faecal culture every month. Herd´s average prevalence was 43.64%. Parasitic burdens (EPG average or Abundance) were: group 1 = 1210.0 ± 69; group 2 = 378.6 ± 88; group 3 = 385.8 ± 64; group 4 = 155.6 ± 61; highest individual counts were seen in group 2. Third stage larvae (L3) of Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. were identified from faecal cultures, H. contortus being the dominant specie during the whole period. Statistical differences were not found when comparing parasitic burdens between age groups. Climatic conditions recorded (precipitation, temperature, environmental relative humidity media) were between suitable range for development and survival of preparasitic strongyles stages throughout the whole period.