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ABSTRACT Children have an increased likelihood of becoming carriers of the chronic hepatitis B virus. A total of 1,381 children and adolescents were assessed in five municipalities of Maranhao State, Brazil, for detection of anti-HBc, HBsAg and anti-HBs serologic markers and sociodemographic and behavioral features. Among those who were HBsAg negative and anti-HBc negative, the proportion of anti-HBs positives was calculated after the individuals had completed the vaccination schedule. The robust variance of the Poisson’s regression model was used in order to have adjusted tables and calculate the prevalence ratio. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with the prevalence of anti-HBc with or without HBsAg and the vaccine response. It was observed that 163 children were anti-HBc positive and nine individuals were HBsAg positive. The factors associated with the infection were: municipality of residence (residing in Morros municipality or Humberto de Campos municipality), residence in a rural area, aged between 13 and 15 years old, and illicit drug use. The percentage of individuals who were anti-HBc negative and received all three doses of the vaccine was 48.5%. Among these, only 276 (38.9%) had antibodies at protective concentrations. In an adjusted analysis, Morros municipality presented an increased positivity of vaccine response (p < 0.001), and the age ranging between 6 and 10 years old presented a reduced frequency of response. This study reveals a high prevalence of current and past HBV infection within the targeted age group which, in addition to the low vaccination coverage and serological responses, raises concerns about the management of prevention measures, especially the quality of vaccination in these locations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202365033

Herpetofauna of protected areas in the Caatinga VIII: An updated checklist for the Serra das Confusões region with new data from Serra Vermelha, Piauí, Brazil
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Marques, Ricardo

; Garda, Adrian A.

; Furtado, Adriana P.

; Bruinjé, Andre C.

; Protázio, Arielson dos S.

; de Carvalho, Breno F.

; Vieira, Cecília R.

; Gomes, Dandara

; Pantoja, Davi L.

; Figueiredo, Diainara da S.

; Shepard, Donald B.

; Camurugi, Felipe

; Coelho, Felipe E. A.

; Magalhães, Felipe M.

; Caetano, Gabriel H. O.

; Colli, Guarino R.

; Paulino, Henrique M.

; Carvalho, Izabelle T. S.

; Graciene, Joedma

; Alvarenga, Júlio M.

; Clay, Natalie A.

; Albuquerque, Ralph L.

; Bosque, Renan J.

; Faria, Renato

; da Silveira-Filho, Ricardo R.

; Mângia, Sarah

; Cavalcante, Vitor H. G. L.

; Vieira, Washington L. S.

; da Silva, Willianilson P.

; Soares, Yan F. F.

; Mesquita, Daniel O.

Biota Neotropica

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2023, Volume 23 N. 4 elocation e20231520

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract It is repeatedly stressed the need to characterize the extant biodiversity in tropical ecosystems. However, inventory studies are still progressing slowly in dry ecosystems, leading to the underestimation of their true biodiversity and hindering conservation efforts. In this study, we present primary and secondary data, along with an updated list of amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the São Francisco-Gurguéia region in Piauí. Additionally, we compare the species composition between nine areas within the Caatinga, which were sampled using standardized methods over the past ten years, to examine broader spatial patterns of community composition. To survey reptiles and amphibians, we employed similar methods and sampling efforts in two areas within the Serra das Confusões National Park (SCNP) region. Our surveys recorded a total of 73 species of amphibians and reptiles, of which 24 are new distribution records for the SCNP region. Consequently, our findings increase the known herpetofauna in the region to 94 species. Despite their proximity, the two sites in the SCNP region exhibited only 42% similarity in species composition, and they differed significantly from other areas within the Caatinga. Furthermore, even the closer Caatinga areas presented differences in species composition, highlighting the necessity to evaluate biodiversity across the landscape and contribute to understanding biogeographic patterns.

Resumo É repetidamente enfatizada a necessidade de caracterizar a biodiversidade vivente em ecossistemas tropicais. No entanto, os estudos de inventário ainda estão progredindo lentamente em ecossistemas secos, levando à subestimação de sua verdadeira biodiversidade e dificultando os esforços de conservação. Neste estudo, apresentamos dados primários e secundários, juntamente com uma lista atualizada de anfíbios e répteis de duas localidades na região de São Francisco-Gurguéia, do Piauí. Além disso, comparamos a composição de espécies entre nove áreas dentro da Caatinga, que foram amostradas usando métodos padronizados nos últimos dez anos, para examinar padrões espaciais mais amplos de composição da comunidade. Para estudar répteis e anfíbios, utilizamos métodos e esforços de amostragem semelhantes em duas áreas na região do Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões (PNSC). Nossos levantamentos registraram um total de 73 espécies de anfíbios e répteis, das quais 24 são novos registros de distribuição para a região do PNSC. Consequentemente, nossos resultados aumentam a herpetofauna conhecida na região para 94 espécies. Apesar da proximidade, os dois locais na região do PNSC exibiram apenas 42% de similaridade na composição de espécies e diferiram significativamente de outras áreas dentro da Caatinga. Mesmo áreas mais próximas da Caatinga apresentaram diferenças na composição de espécies, destacando a necessidade de avaliar a biodiversidade em toda a paisagem e contribuir para a compreensão de padrões biogeográficos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2023-1520

Benzophenone Derivatives Showed Dual Anti-Inflammatory and Antiproliferative Activities by Inhibiting COX Enzymes and Promote Cyclin E Downregulation
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Folquitto, Laís R. S.

; Souza, Thiago B. de

; Januario, Jaqueline P.

; Nascimento, Isadora M.

; Brandão, Brenda T. V.

; Moreira, Maria E. C.

; Horvath, Renato O.

; Santos, Marcelo H.

; Coelho, Luiz F. L.

; Veloso, Marcia P.

; Soares, Marisi G.

; Carvalho, Diogo T.

; Ionta, Marisa

; Chagas-Paula, Daniela A.

; Dias, Danielle F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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apr 2022, Volume 33 N. 4 Pages 348 - 360

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Considering the promising antitumor effects of compounds with dual anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities, thus benzophenones analogs (2-7) were evaluated on in vivo anti-inflammatory assay and molecular docking analysis. Those with the best molecular docking results were in vitro evaluated on cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes and tested regarding antiproliferative activity. All derivatives displayed in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. Among them, the substances 2’-hydroxy-4’-benzoylphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), 4-hydroxy-4’-methoxybenzophenone (5) and 4’-(4’’-methoxybenzoyl)phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (7) showed the best values of Glide Score in COX-2 docking evaluation and 4 and 5 selectively inhibited COX-2 and COX-1 in vitro enzymatic assay, respectively. Thus, 4 and 5 were tested against breast cancer (MCF-7, MDA MB-231, Hs578T) and non-small-cell-lung cancer (A549) cell lines. The estrogen-positive MCF-7 cell line was more responsive compared to other tested cell lines. They induced cell cycle arrest at G1/S transition in MCF-7 cell line once there was an increase in G0/G1 population with concomitant reduction of S population. The antiproliferative activity of these substances on MCF-7 was associated with their ability to inhibit cyclin E expression, a critical regulator of G1/S transition. Taken together, the data indicate that 4 and 5 have dual anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities and support further studies to evaluate their antitumor potential.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210154

Prevalence of dementia in long-term care institutions: a meta-analysis
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Fagundes, Daniel Ferreira

; Costa, Marcos Túlio

; Alves, Bárbara Bispo da Silva

; Benício, Maria Madalena Soares

; Vieira, Lanna Pinheiro

; Carneiro, Lara S. F.

; Nascimento, Osvaldo José Moreira

; Monteiro Junior, Renato Sobral

Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria

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mar 2021, Volume 70 N. 1 Pages 59 - 67

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Esta revisão sistemática e metanálise objetiva estimar a prevalência de demência em instituições de longa permanência para idosos (ILPIs). Métodos: Utilizou-se o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Artigos originais transversais e longitudinais publicados até julho de 2020 foram elegíveis para esta revisão. As buscas foram conduzidas por meio das bases de dados do PubMed/MedLine, Web of Science, Scopus e Science Direct. A prevalência geral e o intervalo de confiança foram estimados. A heterogeneidade foi calculada de acordo com o índice de heterogeneidade (I2). Resultados: Cento e setenta e cinco estudos foram encontrados em todas as bases de dados e 19 estudos foram analisados, resultando em uma prevalência geral de idosos com demência de 53% (IC 46-59%; p < 0,01) que habitam em ILPIs. Conclusão: A prevalência de demência é maior em idosos moradores de ILPIs que em idosos da população geral. Tal dado mostra uma realidade preocupante e que precisa ser modificada. Há necessidade de melhor entendimento dos elementos que causam esse aumento de demência nas ILPIs para direcionar ações para melhorar a qualidade de vida e a saúde dos idosos institucionalizados.

ABSTRACT Objective: This study comprises a systematic review and meta-analysis that aimed to estimate the prevalence of dementia in long-term care institutions (LTCIs). Methods: We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Original transversal and longitudinal articles published until July 2020 were eligible in this review. Databases PubMed/MedLine, Web of Science, Scopus and ScienceDirect were searched. Overall prevalence and confidence intervals were estimated. Heterogeneity was calculated according to the index of heterogeneity (I2). Results: One hundred seventy-five studies were found in all databases and 19 studies were meta-analyses, resulting in an overall prevalence of 53% (CI 46-59%; p < 0.01) of demented older adults living in LTCIs. Conclusion: Prevalence of dementia is higher in older adults living in LTCIs than those living in general communities. This data shows a worrying reality that needs to be changed. There is a need for a better understanding of the elements that cause this increase in dementia in LTCFs to direct actions to improve the quality of life and health of institutionalized elderly.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000298 1100 downloads

Human-SARS-CoV-2 interactome and human genetic diversity: TMPRSS2-rs2070788, associated with severe influenza, and its population genetics caveats in Native Americans
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Kehdy, Fernanda S.G.

; Pita-Oliveira, Murilo

; Scudeler, Mariana M.

; Torres-Loureiro, Sabrina

; Zolini, Camila

; Moreira, Rennan

; Michelin, Lucas A.

; Alvim, Isabela

; Silva-Carvalho, Carolina

; Furlan, Vinicius C.

; Aquino, Marla M.

; Santolalla, Meddly L.

; Borda, Victor

; Soares-Souza, Giordano B.

; Jaramillo-Valverde, Luis

; Vasquez-Dominguez, Andres

; Neira, Cesar Sanchez

; Aguiar, Renato S.

; Verdugo, Ricardo A.

; O`Connor, Timothy D.

; Guio, Heinner

; Tarazona-Santos, Eduardo

; Leal, Thiago P.

; Rodrigues-Soares, Fernanda

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 N. 1 elocation e20200484

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract For human/SARS-CoV-2 interactome genes ACE2, TMPRSS2 and BSG, there is a convincing evidence of association in Asians with influenza-induced SARS for TMPRSS2-rs2070788, tag-SNP of the eQTL rs383510. This case illustrates the importance of population genetics and of sequencing data in the design of genetic association studies in different human populations: the high linkage disequilibrium (LD) between rs2070788 and rs383510 is Asian-specific. Leveraging on a combination of genotyping and sequencing data for Native Americans (neglected in genetic studies), we show that while their frequencies of the Asian tag-SNP rs2070788 is, surprisingly, the highest worldwide, it is not in LD with the eQTL rs383510, that therefore, should be directly genotyped in genetic association studies of SARS in populations with Native American ancestry.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0484 193 downloads

Resistance of lettuce downy mildew’s differential cultivars to root-knot nematodes
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Vidal, Roberta L.

; Soares, Renato S.

; Kobayashi, Bruna F.

; Franco, Carolina A.

; Marin, Marcus V.

; Soares, Pedro L.M.

; Maldonado-Junior, Walter

; Braz, Leila T.

Chilean journal of agricultural research

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jun 2019, Volume 79 N. 2 Pages 174 - 180

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Due to the harmful potential and existence of numerous races of lettuce downy mildew (Bremia lactucae Regel), several countries carry out the monitoring of these races through the use of differential cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) The identification of resistance to other important diseases in these cultivars would be of great value for the lettuce’s breeding, allowing the simultaneous selection for diseases. Among soil pathogens, the most important are the root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) due their damage and difficulty of control. Thus, the present work evaluated the resistance of these differential cultivars (C-Set) against the two most important nematode species for the crop, M. javanica and M. incognita. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with eight replicates and initial population of 1000 eggs and juveniles. The evaluations were performed by the criteria of reproduction factor and reproduction index, 75 d after inoculation. Data were submitted to ANOVA and averages were compared by the Scott-Knott test (p < 0.05). All cultivars are considered susceptible to M. incognita by the reproduction factor, ‘Argelès’, ‘Bedford’, ‘Design’ and ‘Grand Rapids’ are considered as slightly resistant by the reproduction index. However, to M. javanica ‘Argelès’, ‘Kibrille’, ‘Balesta’, ‘Colorado’, ‘Design’, ‘Bartoli’, and ‘NunDm15’ are classified as resistant by the reproduction factor and very resistant by the reproduction index, and can be used as resistance source for simultaneous selection to downy mildew and this species of nematode.

422 downloads

O Problema da Consciência: por Onde Começar o Estudo?
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Klem de Mattos, Marselle Soares S.

; Silva, Gabriel Pereira da

; Gama, Renato Faria da

Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica

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mar 2019, Volume 43 N. 1 Pages 175 - 180

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O estudo do sistema nervoso e suas funções é fascinante e complexo. Um dos mais intrigantes assuntos deste campo é como a neurobiologia produz estados conscientes, o notório problema da consciência (cérebro e mente). Para esse estudo, são necessários conhecimentos tanto de neuroanatomia e fisiologia como de questões linguísticas e filosóficas, o que torna o assunto temido ou ignorado pelos estudantes de Medicina. Assim, aquele que vai iniciar o estudo desse capítulo da neurociência se depara com um questionamento: por onde começar? A quantidade de informação é muito grande, e o ponto de partida, em geral, pode ser a biologia, a psicologia ou a filosofia. Portanto, este ensaio tem como objetivo sugerir um caminho, entre vários possíveis, para nortear aqueles que desejam informações preliminares sobre o tema. Isto porque alguns estudantes têm dificuldade com o assunto por não dominarem alguns conceitos fundamentais ou desconhecerem as teorias defendidas, fixando-se apenas na vertente biológica do assunto. Desta maneira, na introdução deste manuscrito são apresentadas três possibilidades conceituais para a palavra consciência e alguns problemas de limitação do idioma. Na sequência, a neurobiologia é abordada de forma sucinta, com ênfase na atividade eletroquímica neuronal. Em seguida, são relatadas as teorias sobre a consciência e os pontos de vista de dois autores: David Chalmers e Daniel Dennett. A escolha desses autores para este trabalho visa demonstrar que tais teorias possuem movimento pendular: iniciando com Descartes e sua teoria dualista em um extremo, passando por outras teorias intermediárias e chegando até os materialistas reducionistas no extremo oposto. A metodologia se resume à pesquisa de artigos científicos sobre o tema. Por fim, embora a corrente majoritária defenda que a consciência é um fenômeno bioquímico, pois, para haver consciência é necessário cérebro, também há aqueles que defendem que a consciência não seja um atributo da matéria. Discussões como esta devem ser encorajadas e embasadas em fundamentação teórica.

ABSTRACT The study of the nervous system and its functions is fascinating and complex. One of the most intriguing in this field is how neurobiology produces conscious states; the notorious problem of consciousness (the brain and mind). For this study, a knowledge of both neuroanatomy and physiology is required, as well as of linguistic and philosophical issues. For this reason, this is a topic that is feared or avoided by medical students. The student wishing to begin this chapter of neuroscience faces a question: where to start? There is a vast amount of information on the subject, and the starting point, in general, can be biology, psychology or philosophy. This essay suggests one of several possible means of guiding those seeking preliminary information on the subject. Some students have difficulty with the subject because they lack the fundamental concepts needed, or they do not know the theories defended, but are focused on subject from a purely biological perspective. This work begins by presenting three conceptual possibilities for the word ‘conscience’, and some language limitations related to it. Next, it gives a succinct overview of neurobiology, with emphasis on neuronal electrochemical activity. The theories of consciousness are outlined, giving the points of view of two authors: David Chalmers and Daniel Dennett. This choice of authors demonstrates that such theories have pendular movement: starting with Descartes and his dualist theory at one extreme, passing through other intermediate theories, and reaching the reductionist materialists at the opposite extreme. The methodology consists of a literature search of scientific articles on the subject. Finally, although the majority argue that consciousness is a biochemical phenomenon, because in order to have consciousness there must be a brain, there are also those who argue that consciousness is not an attribute of matter. Discussions like these should be encouraged, and based on theoretical studies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-52712015v43n1rb20180165 6047 downloads

Metacercariae of Austrodiplostomum spp. (Digenea: Diplostomidae) infecting the eyes and brains of fish in Brazilian Amazon
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Lima, Márcio Jonathan Soares

; Veiga, Renato Pastor

; Sousa, Luciclara Ferreira de

; Santana, Maxwell Barbosa de

; Oliveira, Marcos Sidney Brito

; Tavares-Dias, Marcos

; Corrêa, Lincoln Lima

Arquivos do Instituto Biológico

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2019, Volume 86 elocation e0932018

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a ocorrência de Austrodiplostomum spp. nos olhos e cérebros de Acaronia nassa, Caquetaia spectabilis, Satanoperca acuticeps, Curimatella sp. e Crenicichla marmorata em um lago do rio Amazonas no estado do Pará (Brasil). Dos 49 peixes examinados, 10,2% foram parasitados por metacercárias de Austrodiplostomum spp., A. nassa sendo o hospedeiro com maior número de metacercárias. Em cinco espécies de peixes examinadas, foram coletadas 51 metacercárias, sendo 45 encontradas nos olhos e 6 na caixa craniana. Nos olhos, as metacercárias estavam livres e ativas no humor vítreo, mas nenhuma opacificação foi observada. No cérebro, as metacercárias também eram livres e ativas, localizadas principalmente abaixo do encéfalo, no assoalho do crânio, na altura dos lobos oftálmicos e próximo ao nervo óptico. Em observações laboratoriais, no entanto, o peixe infectado não apresentou distúrbios comportamentais, o que pode estar relacionado ao baixo nível de parasitismo. Este foi o primeiro relato de Austrodiplostomum spp. em C. spectabilis, S. acuticeps, Curimatella sp., C. marmorata e A. nassa.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper was to report the occurrence of Austrodiplostomum spp. in the eyes and brain of Acaronia nassa, Caquetaia spectabilis, Satanoperca acuticeps, Curimatella sp. and Crenicichla marmorata in a lake of the Amazon River system in the state of Pará (Brazil). Of 49 fish examined, 10.2% were parasitized by Austrodiplostomum spp. metacercariae, and A. nassa was the host with higher number of metacercariae. In five examined fish species, a total of 51 metacercariae were collected, with 45 found in the eyes and 6 in the cranial vault. In the eyes, the metacercariae were free and active in the vitreous humor, but no opacification was observed. In the brain, the metacercariae were also free and active, and located mainly below the encephalon, on the cranial floor, at the height of the ophthalmic lobes and near the optic nerve. In laboratory observations, however, the infected fish did not exhibit any behavioral disorders, and this may be related to the low level of parasitism. This was the first report of this digenean for C. spectabilis, S. acuticeps, Curimatella sp., C. marmorata and A. nassa.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000932018 992 downloads

Detection of sexually transmitted infections at a Brazilian gynecology center: high prevalence of co-infections
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Britto, Alan Messala A.

; Policarpo, Cíntia

; Pezzuto, Paula

; Meirelles, Angela Rosa I.

; Furtado, Yara Lúcia

; Almeida, Gutemberg

; Oliveira, Gisele de

; Pontes, Elisama D.

; Lima, Fernanda Roberta S.

; Soares, Marcelo A.

; Aguiar, Renato S.

; Tanuri, Amilcar

; Giannini, Ana Lúcia

; Machado, Elizabeth S.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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dec 2018, Volume 54 N. 6 Pages 393 - 400

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução: As infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs) ainda são um importante problema de saúde pública, e a vigilância é essencial para sua prevenção e seu controle. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência das ISTs em uma unidade de referência ginecológica no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado entre agosto de 2016 e junho de 2017. Foram coletados sangue total e células cervicais de 62 mulheres e realizados testes para detecção de papiloma vírus humano (HPV), vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV), sífilis, clamídia, gonorreia e vírus do herpes simples 1 e 2 (HSV-1/2). As lesões cervicais foram diagnosticadas por citopatologia, e em algumas pacientes, por colposcopia (79%). Outras ISTs foram avaliadas durante o exame clínico. Resultados: Foram encontradas lesões cervicais pelo exame citopatológico em 46,8% das pacientes; aquelas com história de quatro parceiros sexuais tiveram mais risco de desenvolvê-las. Houve concordância moderada entre os resultados da citopatologia e colposcopia (Kappa = 0,69). A prevalência de HSV (96,7%), sífilis (6,4%) e HIV (3,2%) foi maior que a descrita na literatura, enquanto a prevalência de clamídia (6,4%) e gonorreia (1,6%) foi similar. O HPV foi detectado em 53,2% das mulheres, sendo 32,3% delas infectadas pelo HPV 16. No contexto das coinfecções, 38 mulheres (61,3%) tinham mais de uma IST. Conclusão: Visto que a maioria das mulheres analisadas era acometida por mais de uma IST, nossos resultados sugerem que uma triagem rotineira dessas infecções nas unidades de saúde poderia auxiliar na detecção precoce, bem como no tratamento e na prevenção. Essas medidas também impactariam no controle do câncer cervical das pacientes.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STI) remain a major public health problem and surveillance is crucial for prevention and control strategies. Objective: Our aim was to assess the prevalence of STI in a reference center for gynecology in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Materials and methods: It is a cross-sectional study conducted between August 2016 and June 2017. Whole blood and cervical cells were collected from 62 women and tested for human papillomavirus (HPV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhea and herpes simples virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1/2). Cervical lesions were diagnosed by cytopathology and in some patients by colposcopy (79%). Other STI were evaluated during clinical examination. Results: Cervical lesions were detected by cytopathology examinations in 46.8% of patients; those with a history of four sexual partners were at higher risk of developing them. There was moderate agreement between the cytopathology e colposcopy results (Kappa = 0.69). The prevalence of HSV (96.7%), syphilis (6.4%) and HIV (3.2%) were higher than that described in the literature, while the prevalence of chlamydia (6.4%) and gonorrhea (1.6%) were similar. HPV was detected in 53.2% of women, 32.3% of which were infected by HPV 16. In the context of co-infections, 38 women (61.3%) presented more than one STI. Conclusion: Since most of the women analyzed were affected by more than one STI, our results suggest that routine screening for these infections at health centers would help in early detection, treatment and prevention of these infections. These measures would also impact on patients’ cervical cancer control.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20180060 2050 downloads

10.

Adenanthera pavonina GALACTOMANNAN FOR CONTROLLED DELIVERY OF RUTIN - A PRELIMINARY STUDY
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Nobre, Karine A.

; Soares, Carlos E. A.

; Vieira, Ícaro G. P.

; Almeida, Raimundo R. de

; Moreira, Renato de A.

; Araújo, Tamara G. de

; Ribeiro, Maria E. N. P.

; Ricardo, Nágila M. P. S.

Química Nova

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jun 2018, Volume 41 N. 6 Pages 607 - 612

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Improving the development of modified release matrix systems strictly depends on selecting an appropriate agent capable of controlling the drug's release. In this study, Adenanthera pavonina galactomannan was investigated as a potential basis for developing a controlled release of rutin. This galactomannan was extracted, purified and characterized by GPC, NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. The mannose/galactose ratio (M/G) of 1.46 was calculated by the relative area from signals of the anomeric region of 1H-NMR spectrum. The main chain of this galactomannan consists of β(1®4)-D-mannose and α(1®6)-D-galactose linked units (1H-decoupled 13C NMR, 13C DEPT 135º NMR and HSQC spectra). The sustained-release tablets containing rutin and galactomannan were compared with the extensively investigated hydrophilic matrix HPMC. Drug release analysis revealed similar release mechanism for both matrices. A new formulation for controlled drug delivery from water-swellable matrix systems is proposed.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170226 700 downloads

11.

Drying kinetics and physiological quality of ‘Cabacinha’ pepper seeds during storage
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Silva, Hellismar W. da

; Vale Junior, Luís S. R.

; Silva, Camila F.

; Souza, Rannie do C.

; Soares, Renato S.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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apr 2018, Volume 22 N. 4 Pages 292 - 297

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A temperatura do ar de secagem exerce influência direta sobre a qualidade de sementes, principalmente para espécies olerícolas colhidas com alto teor de água. Objetivou-se, com esta pesquisa, determinar e modelar as curvas de secagem de sementes de pimenta tipo Cabacinha (Capsicum chinense L.) em diferentes temperaturas e avaliar a qualidade fisiológica das sementes após a secagem e durante o armazenamento. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 x 3, sendo três temperaturas de secagem (35, 38 e 42 °C) e três períodos de armazenamento (0, 4 e 8 meses), com quatro repetições. A qualidade das sementes foi avaliada pelo teste de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, condutividade elétrica, emergência de plântulas e velocidade de emergência. O modelo ‘Two Terms’ é o que melhor representa as curvas de secagem das sementes de pimenta Cabacinha nas temperaturas de 35, 38 e 42 °C. Maiores valores de germinação e vigor são obtidos para as sementes secas a 35 e 38 °C. A secagem a 42 °C e o armazenamento, reduzem a qualidade fisiológica das sementes.

ABSTRACT Drying air temperature has direct influence on seed quality, especially for vegetable species harvested with high moisture content. This study aimed to determine and model the drying curves of ‘Cabacinha’ pepper seeds (Capsicum chinense L.) at different temperatures, and to evaluate their physiological quality after drying and during storage. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme, with three drying temperatures (35, 38 and 42 °C) and three storage periods (0, 4 and 8 months), with four replicates. Seed quality was evaluated by germination test, first germination count, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, seedling emergence, and speed of emergence. The Two Terms is the model that best represents the drying curves of ‘Cabacinha’ pepper seeds at temperatures of 35, 38 and 42 °C. Higher germination and vigor values are obtained in seeds dried at 35 and 38 °C. Drying at 42 °C and storage reduce the physiological quality of the seeds.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n4p292-297 959 downloads

12.

Effect of Endophytic Fungal Associations on the Chemical Profile of in vitroVochysia divergens Seedlings
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Parpinelli, Bruna A. S.

; Siqueira, Katia A.

; Kellner Filho, Luis C.

; Pimenta, Letícia P.

; Costa, Ricardo M. da

; Parreira, Renato L. T.

; Veneziani, Rodrigo C. S.

; Silva, Marcio L. Andrade e

; Cunha, Wilson R.

; Pauletti, Patrícia M.

; Soares, Marcos A.

; Januario, Ana H.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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dec 2017, Volume 28 N. 12 Pages 2375 - 2381

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Vochysia divergens (Vochysiaceae) is considered an invasive species in the wetlands of the Brazilian Pantanal, which hinders the cultivation of agricultural species. In this study, we evaluated the chemical profile by HPLC-DAD (high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector) of leaves extracts from V. divergens seedlings inoculated with endophytic fungi isolated from V. divergens roots. These fungi were collected on dry (D) and wet (W) seasons in the Pantanal. The presence of tannin hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP)-galloyl-glucose and flavone 3',5'-dimethoxy-luteolin were predominant in the seedlings inoculated with endophytic fungi W experiments at 100 and 80%, respectively. Likewise, flavone 3',5-dimethoxy-luteolin-7-O-β-glucoside showed a similar representation in the two evaluated periods, compared with 5-methoxy-luteolin, which was detected only in seedlings inoculated with W endophytic fungi. This approach is new to V. divergens, which has no scientific data on its in vitro elicitation, in the search for a better understanding of the ecological relationships of this species.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20170091 597 downloads

13.

Cholelithiasis and its complications in sickle cell disease in a university hospital
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Martins, Raquel Alves

; Soares, Renato Santos

; Vito, Fernanda Bernadelli De

; Barbosa, Valdirene de Fátima

; Silva, Sheila Soares

; Moraes-Souza, Helio

; Martins, Paulo Roberto Juliano

Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia

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mar 2017, Volume 39 N. 1 Pages 28 - 31

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: The clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease are related to the polymerization of hemoglobin S. The chronic hemolysis caused by this condition often causes the formation of gallstones that can migrate and block the common bile duct leading to acute abdomen. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the profile of patients with sickle cell disease and cholelithiasis. Methods: Patients with sickle cell disease were separated into groups according to the presence or absence of cholelithiasis. Socioepidemiological and clinical characteristics, such as gender, age, use of hydroxyurea and the presence of other hemoglobinopathies were researched in the medical records of patients. Results: A hundred and seven patients with sickle cell anemia were treated at the institution. Of these, 27 (25.2%) had cholelithiasis. The presence of cholelithiasis was higher in the 11–29 age group than in younger than 11 years and over 29 years. No association was found for the presence of cholelithiasis with gender, use of hydroxyurea or type of hemoglobinopathy (hemoglobin SS, hemoglobin SC or sickle beta-thalassemia). Sixteen of the patients had to be submitted to cholecystectomy with 14 of the surgeries being performed by laparoscopy. Complications were observed in three patients and one patient died for reasons unrelated to the surgery. Conclusion: A quarter of patients with sickle cell disease had gallstones, more commonly in the 11- to 29-year age range. Patients should be monitored from childhood to prevent cholelithiasis with preoperative, intra-operative and postoperative care being crucial to reduce the risk of complications in these patients.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjhh.2016.09.009 1091 downloads

14.

Intraspecific variation of meroditerpenoids in the brown alga Stypopodium zonale guiding the isolation of new compounds
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Soares, Angelica R.

; Duarte, Heitor M.

; Tinnoco, Luzineide W.

; Pereira, Renato C.

; Teixeira, Valéria L.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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dec 2015, Volume 25 N. 6 Pages 627 - 633

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Intraspecific variation on meroditerpenoids production by the brown marine alga Stypopodium zonale at four different populations along the Brazilian coast was analyzed using Principal Component Analysis over high-performance liquid chromatography profiles from algae extracts. The ordination of the samples by the similarities of their chromatographic traits showed the existence of three chemotypes: (i) the populations Búzios and Abrolhos which were characterized by the presence of atomaric acid (1), (ii) the population Atol das Rocas which contained the compound stypoldione (2), and (iii) the population Marataízes which was characterized by other peaks that guided the isolation of three new meroditerpenoids stypofuranlactone (3), 10,18-dihydroxy-5′a-desmethyl-5′-acetylatomaric acid (4), and the 10-keto-10-deisopropyliden-5′a-desmethyl-5′-acetylatomaric acid (5) together with the known compound the 10-keto-10-deisopropyliden-atomaric acid (6). The structures and relative stereochemistry of 3, 4 and 5 were elucidated by NMR and MS techniques. The observed chemical differences among populations of S. zonale can be related to its geographic distribution and can open an avenue to the discovery of new compounds in algae.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.09.006 923 downloads

15.

Higroscopicidade das sementes de pimenta (<italic>Capsicum chinense</italic> L.)
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Silva, Hellismar W. da

; Costa, Lílian M.

; Resende, Osvaldo

; Oliveira, Daniel E. C. de

; Soares, Renato S.

; Vale, Luís S. R.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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aug 2015, Volume 19 N. 8 Pages 780 - 784

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

<title>RESUMO</title><p>A higroscopicidade de sementes fornece informações essenciais para otimização de processos de secagem, armazenamento e desenvolvimento de embalagens. O objetivo neste trabalho foi determinar as isotermas de dessorção das sementes de pimenta (<italic>Capsicum chinense</italic> L.), variedade Cabacinha, para diferentes condições de temperatura e atividade de água utilizando-se o método estático indireto, sendo a atividade de água (aw) determinada por meio do equipamento Hygropalm Model Aw1. Aos dados experimentais foram ajustados modelos matemáticos frequentemente utilizados para representação da higroscopicidade de produtos agrícolas. Para uma atividade de água constante o aumento da temperatura reduz o teor de água de equilíbrio higroscópico das sementes de pimenta. As isotermas de dessorção apresentam formato sigmoidal do tipo II. Os modelos de Cavalcanti Mata, Chen Clayton, Chung Pfost, Chung Pfost Modificado, Henderson e Henderson Modificado são adequados para representar a higroscopicidade das sementes de pimenta Cabacinha para a faixa de temperatura de 10 a 40 °C e atividade de água de 0,213 a 0,975.</p>

<title>ABSTRACT</title><p>The hygroscopicity in seeds provide essential information to optimize the drying process, storage and packaging development. The objective of this study was to determine the sorption isotherms of pepper seeds (<italic>Capsicum chinense</italic>L.), variety Cabacinha for different conditions of temperature and water activity. The sorption isotherms were determined at temperatures of 10, 20, 30 and 40 °C using the static indirect method and the water activity (aw) for each moisture content of seeds was determined by Hygropalm Model Aw1 equipment. The mathematical models often used to represent the hygroscopicity of agricultural products were adjusted to experimental data. For a constant water activity, increase in temperature decreased the equilibrium moisture content of pepper seeds. The desorption isotherms exhibit sigmoidal shape of type II. The models of Cavalcanti Mata, Clayton Chen, Chung Pfost, Modified Chung Pfost, Modified Henderson and Henderson are suitable to represent the hygroscopicity of seeds of pepper Cabacinha for the temperature range of 10 to 40 °C and water activity of 0.213 to 0.975.</p>

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n8p780-784 2067 downloads

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