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ABSTRACT Background: Chagas disease (CD) is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by triatomines. Historical information from the 20th century demonstrates T. cruzi records in the metropolitan region of Salvador (MRS), the third largest urban agglomeration in the Brazilian Northeast and the eighth largest in Brazil, an area with intense migratory activity from CD-endemic regions. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate CD indicators (prevalence and mortality) in the MRS. Methods: A mixed ecological and descriptive study was conducted using secondary data. We analyzed data from 2008 to 2015: deaths due to CD, self-reported cases of CD, and blood donors that were non-negative for T. cruzi infection. Results: São Francisco do Conde was one of the municipalities with the highest mortality rates due to CD. The seroprevalence rates varied by year and municipality; those with the highest values were 2008: Vera Cruz, 2009: Mata de São João, 2010: Dias D'Ávila, 2011 and 2015: São Francisco do Conde, 2012: São Sebastião do Passé, and 2013 and 2014: Pojuca. Spatial correlations between the municipalities were not detected. Conclusions: We conclude that CD is present in the MRS. The indicators analyzed in the MRS are below-state-level data. Given the importance of indicator analysis for the surveillance and control of CD at the state and national levels, it is important to strengthen the surveillance program at the municipal level, including the regions classified as low risk for T. cruzi vector transmission.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0185-2022

Permitted daily exposure from preclinical studies of Ginkgo biloba L. dry extract
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Lamb, Liliane Weber Bolfe

; Rodrigues, Gabriela Zimmermann Prado

; Saraiva, Thalia Emmanoella Sebulsqui

; Souza, Douglas de

; Berna, Gabriel da Costa

; Garcia, Ana Letícia Hilário

; Oliveira, Fernando Bertoldi de

; Kayser, Juliana Machado

; Veiverberg, Andriele

; Marco, Mariana Roza

; Führ, Giulia Aline

; Gehlen, Günther

; Betti, Andresa Heemann

; Mattos, Cristiane Bastos de

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2023, Volume 59 elocation e23037

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Resolution 658/2022 of the Brazilian Regulatory Agency requires the determination of the permitted daily exposure (PDE) of pharmaceutical agents. Ginkgo biloba L. is used therapeutically to treat memory deficits and other brain diseases. However, published results indicate that more studies are needed to confirm the safety of Ginkgo biloba. This study aimed to evaluate the dry extract of Ginkgo biloba L. leaves PDE as an ingredient in an oral pharmaceutical product in preclinical studies using mice. Acute oral toxicity and repeated dose experiments were performed based on OECD guidelines, as well as genotoxicity tests. The results indicate that Ginkgo biloba L. has low acute toxicity, no liver toxicity, and does not alter blood glucose levels. No changes in weight gain were observed, but food intake decreased in males during the first week of treatment at the highest dose. Hematological parameters were not altered in males, whereas females presented lower leukocyte and lymphocyte counts and higher neutrophil counts at the highest dose. The lipid profile was not altered in males, whereas total cholesterol was increased in females. The estimated PDE was 0.1 mg/day and, when related to the maximum residual concentration, indicates that the cleaning process used is safe and does not require reassessment.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902023e23037

Low-cost Colonoscopic Simulator and Colonoscope to Train Basic Skills in Colonoscopy during Undergraduate Studies
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Pinho, João Henrique Sendrete de

; Riscado, Lorrane Vieira Siqueira

; Sales, Marcos Paulo Moreira

; Souza, Gabriel Seixa de

; Castro, Abner Ramos de

; Bechara, Cristiane de Souza

Journal of Coloproctology (Rio de Janeiro)

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dec 2022, Volume 42 N. 4 Pages 296 - 301

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective To develop a low-cost simulator model and a colonoscope with materials that are easily accessible to offer training on colonoscopy skills during undergraduate studies. Since this is the procedure of choice for colorectal cancer screening, the general practitioner must be able to recognize its main indications, preparation, and complications. Methods Using materials such as a mannequin, a vehicle inspection camera, a conduit, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe, acrylic, wood, and red paint, we built a simulator and a 150-cm long and 20-to-25-mm thick colonoscope. The colonoscope’s handle and handhold were made of acrylic, the colonoscope’s mobile end was made with articulated PVC rings, and the up and down movements were performed according to the traction of the steel cables. The camera attached to its distal end enables connection to a smartphone to view the image. In the simulator, the conduit was inserted into the mannequin to simulate the curvatures of the colon. Red spray paint was used to simulate the staining of the colonic mucosa in the inner region of the mannequin and the adventitial layer in the outer region. Results We were able to build a simulator and a colonoscope with a total amount of R $ 182.82 (roughly US$ 36.50). Both were tested and proved to be useful in the acquisition of psychomotor and cognitive skills in colonoscopy. Conclusion The simulator and colonoscope developed by us are cost-effective, useful in the acquisition of psychomotor and cognitive skills in colonoscopy, and can facilitate the structuring of a training program for undergraduate students.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757774

Correlação entre a postura em pé durante o trabalho e dor na coluna lombar e nos membros inferiores em trabalhadoras da limpeza e cuidadoras de idosos
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Souza, Gabriel Aguiar de

; Cardoso, Viviane de Freitas

; Barros, Fernanda Cabegi de

; Trondoli, Luiz Henrique Pessôa da Costa

; Moriguchi, Cristiane Shinohara

; Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira

Fisioterapia e Pesquisa

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aug 2022, Volume 29 N. 2 Pages 138 - 144

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO A postura em pé durante o trabalho tem sido associada a sintomas musculoesqueléticos. Entretanto, há poucos estudos que avaliam o tempo em pé utilizando medidas objetivas. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se o tempo em pé no trabalho está associado com dor na coluna lombar e nos membros inferiores nos últimos sete dias e 12 meses em cuidadoras de idosos e trabalhadoras da limpeza. Trata-se de estudo transversal, em que o tempo em pé no trabalho foi quantificado por meio de inclinômetros fixados na coxa e na coluna vertebral, e os sintomas musculoesqueléticos foram avaliados por meio do Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares. Os dados foram analisados por meio da correlação ponto bisserial (rpb) entre o tempo em pé no trabalho e a presença de sintomas musculoesqueléticos. As análises foram realizadas por meio do software SPSS e o nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Verificou-se que as trabalhadoras passam a maior parte do tempo em pé paradas (41,3%) ou andando (39,3%). Houve correlação positiva entre a presença de sintoma na lombar e o tempo em pé (rpb=0,52; p<0,05) e correlação negativa entre o tempo andando e sintomas no quadril (rpb=−0,53; p<0,05) nos últimos 12 meses e o tempo correndo e sintomas no quadril (rpb=−0,43; p<0,05) e na coluna lombar (rpb=−0,43; p<0,05) nos últimos sete dias. O maior tempo em pé foi correlacionado com a presença de sintomas na lombar; enquanto o menor tempo andando e correndo foram correlacionados com a presença de sintomas no quadril e na coluna lombar.

ABSTRACT Maintaining a standing posture during work has been associated with musculoskeletal symptoms. Few studies, however, assess the standing time using objective measures. Thus, this study aimed to verify whether standing time at work is associated with lower back and lower limb pain in the last seven days and last 12 months in caregivers of older adults and cleaners. This is a cross-sectional study. Standing time at work was quantified using inclinometers attached to the workers’ thigh and spine. Musculoskeletal symptoms were assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the point-biserial correlation coefficient (rpb) between standing time at work and the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms. The analyses were performed using the SPSS software, adopting 5% significance level. Workers spend most of their time standing still (41.3%) or walking (39.3%). The presence of symptoms in the lower back was positively correlated with standing time (rpb=0.52; p<0.05). Walking time was negatively correlated with symptoms at the hip in the last 12 months (rpb=−0.53; p<0.05) and running time with symptoms at the hip, in the last seven days, (rpb=−0.43; p<0.05) and the lower back (rpb=−0.43; p<0.05). Longer standing time was correlated with the presence of symptoms in the lower back. Meanwhile, less time walking and running were correlated with the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms in the hips and lower back.

RESUMEN La postura de trabajo de pie está asociada con síntomas musculoesqueléticos. Sin embargo, hay pocos estudios que evalúan el tiempo prolongado en esta postura utilizando medidas objetivas. Por esto, el objetivo de este estudio fue verificar si el tiempo prolongado al trabajar de pie está asociado al dolor en la columna lumbar y en los miembros inferiores de los cuidadores de ancianos y los trabajadores de limpieza entre los últimos siete días y 12 meses de trabajo. Se trata de un estudio transversal, en el que se cuantificó el tiempo prolongado en el trabajo de pie por medio de inclinómetros fijados en el muslo y la columna vertebral, y los síntomas musculoesqueléticos fueron evaluados por el Cuestionario Nórdico de Síntomas Musculoesqueléticos. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la correlación biserial puntual (rpb) entre el tiempo prolongado en el trabajo de pie y la presencia de síntomas musculoesqueléticos. Los análisis se realizaron con el software SPSS, y se adoptó el nivel de significación del 5%. Se constató que las trabajadoras pasaban la mayor parte del tiempo paradas (41,3%) o caminando (39,3%). Hubo una correlación positiva entre la presencia de síntomas en la región lumbar y el tiempo prolongado de pie (rpb=0,52; p<0,05) y una correlación negativa entre el tiempo al caminar y los síntomas en la cadera (rpb=−0,53; p<0,05) en los últimos 12 meses, y el tiempo al correr y los síntomas en la cadera (rpb=−0,43; p<0,05) y en la columna lumbar (rpb=−0,43; p<0,05) en los últimos siete días. El mayor tiempo prolongado de pie se correlacionó con la presencia de síntomas en la región lumbar, mientras que el menor tiempo al caminar y correr se correlacionó con la presencia de síntomas en la cadera y columna lumbar.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-2950/20028429022022pt

Efeitos da Sexualidade na Funcionalidade Familiar e na Qualidade de Vida de Pessoas Idosas: Estudo Transversal
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de Souza Júnior, Edison Vitório

; Fernandes da Silva Filho, Benedito

; Pires Cruz, Diego

; Souza Rosa, Randson

; Magalhães Cairo, Gabriel

; dos Santos Silva, Cristiane

; Reis Siqueira, Lais

; Okino Sawada, Namie

Revista Cuidarte

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apr 2022, Volume 13 N. 1 elocation e18

Abstract: Es Pt En | Text: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: la literatura ya señala que la familia es muchas veces el principal obstáculo que impide que las personas mayores experimenten su sexualidad. Sin embargo, hasta donde sabemos, no existen estudios que identifiquen los efectos de la sexualidad en el funcionamiento familiar. Objetivo: analizar los efectos de la sexualidad sobre la funcionalidad familiar y la calidad de vida de las personas mayores. Materiales y métodos: un estudio transversal realizado con 692 adultos mayores entre los meses de julio y octubre de 2020 utilizando instrumentos autoadministrados. Los datos se analizaron mediante la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis, la correlación de Pearson y el modelado de ecuaciones estructurales. Resultados: los ancianos con algún grado de disfunción familiar tuvieron peor experiencia en sexualidad y peor calidad de vida. El dominio de las relaciones afectivas de la sexualidad fue el único que ejerció un efecto positivo, de moderada a fuerte magnitud acerca de la funcionalidad familiar (CP = 0,472 [IC95% = 0,301-0,642] p <0,001). La calidad de vida, a su vez, tuvo un efecto positivo, de débil a moderada magnitud, en todos los dominios de la sexualidad: acto sexual (CP = 0,339 [IC95% = 0,190-0,488] p <0,001); relaciones afectivas (CP = 0,117 [IC95% =-0,041-0,275] p <0,001) y adversidades físicas y sociales (CP = 0,150 [IC95% = 0,074-0,226] p <0,001). Conclusión: la sexualidad entre los adultos mayores puede ser explorada con mayor frecuencia en los servicios de salud, ya que ejerció efectos positivos acerca de la funcionalidad familiar y la calidad de vida en esta población. Se espera que, con los resultados de este estudio, se aprecie la temática en los servicios de atención y que se explore la sexualidad en la vejez con los ancianos, especialmente en la atención primaria de salud.

Resumo Introdução: a literatura já aponta que a família, muitas vezes, é o principal obstáculo que impede as pessoas idosas vivenciarem sua sexualidade. Porém, até onde sabemos, não existem estudos que identifiquem os efeitos da sexualidade na funcionalidade familiar. Objetivo: analisar os efeitos da sexualidade sobre a funcionalidade familiar e sobre a qualidade de vida de pessoas idosas. Materiais e métodos: estudo seccional realizado com 692 pessoas idosas entre os meses de julho e outubro de 2020 por meio da utilização de instrumentos autoaplicáveis. Os dados foram analisados com o teste de Kruskal-Wallis, correlação de Pearson e modelagem de equações estruturais. Resultados: as pessoas idosas com algum grau de disfuncionalidade familiar apresentaram pior vivência na sexualidade e pior qualidade de vida. O domínio relações afetivas da sexualidade foi o único a exercer efeito de forma positiva, de moderada a forte magnitude com a funcionalidade familiar (CP=0,472 [IC95%=0,301-0,642] p<0,001). A qualidade de vida, por sua vez, sofreu efeito positivo, de fraca a moderada magnitude, de todos os domínios da sexualidade: ato sexual (CP=0,339 [IC95%=0,190-0,488] p<0,001); relações afetivas (CP=0,117 [IC95%= -0,041-0,275] p<0,001) e adversidades física e social (CP=0,150 [IC95%=0,074-0,226] p<0,001). Conclusão: a sexualidade entre as pessoas idosas pode ser explorada com maior frequência nos serviços de saúde, uma vez que, exerceu efeitos positivos na funcionalidade familiar e na qualidade de vida dessa população. Espera-se que com os resultados deste estudo, haja valorização da temática nos serviços assistenciais e que a sexualidade na velhice seja explorada com as pessoas idosas, especialmente na atenção primária à saúde.

Abstract Introduction: the literature already points out that the family is often the main obstacle that prevents elderly people from experiencing their sexuality. However, there are no studies that identify the effects of sexuality on family functioning. Objective: analyzing the effects of sexuality on family functionality and on the quality of life of the elderly. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional study conducted with 692 elderly people between the months of July and October 2020 by self- administered instruments. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling. Results: the elderly with some degree of family dysfunction had a worse experience in sexuality and a worse quality of life. The affective relationships domain of sexuality was the only one to exert a positive effect, from moderate to strong magnitude on family functionality (PC=0.472 [CI95%=0.301-0.642] p<0.001). Quality of life, in turn, had a positive effect, from weak to moderate magnitude, in all domains of sexuality: sexual act (PC=0.339 [CI95%=0.190- 0.488] p<0.001); affective relationships (PC=0.117 [CI95%= -0.041-0.275] p<0.001) and physical and social adversities (PC=0.150 [CI95%=0.074-0.226] p<0.001). Conclusion: sexuality among the elderly can be explored more frequently in health services, as it exerted positive effects on family functionality and quality of life in this population. It is expected that with the results of this study, there is an appreciation of the theme in care services and that sexuality in old age is explored with the elderly, especially in primary health care.

https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2296 71 downloads

Short-term effect of adhesive system on clinical performance of bulk fill composite: randomized clinical trial
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Oliveira, Vanessa Cristiane Araújo

; Oliveira, Fernanda Piana Santos Lima de

; Magalhães, Claudia Silami

; Oliveira, Fabíola Belkiss Santos de

; Marques, Isabella Pereira

; Noronha, Mayara dos Santos

; Souza, João Gabriel Silva

; Popoff, Daniela Araújo Veloso

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences

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2022, Volume 21 elocation e225042

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Aim Although bulk fill composites have been widely used as restorative material, there is no consensus regarding the best clinical protocol in terms of composite technique and adhesive system. Therefore, this clinical trial evaluated the clinical performance of bulk fill composites for class I restorations under different protocols. Methods A randomized clinical trial including 155 class I restorations was conducted using different adhesive systems: conventional technique (phosphoric acid + conventional three-step adhesive system) (Group 1, 2 and 3); or self-etching adhesive system (Groups 4, 5 and 6). Control groups 1 and 4 were restored with conventional composite; groups 2 and 5 with low viscosity bulk fill and conventional composite as occlusal coverage; groups 3 and 6 with high viscosity bulk fill. The FDI criteria was used for clinical evaluation at baseline and after 6 months. Results All groups showed good clinical performance. At baseline, the adhesive system did not affect postoperative hypersensitivity. After 6 months, group 5 showed a significant reduction in color and translucency; group 6 a reduction in terms of anatomical form and for postoperative sensitivity and an improvement in patient satisfaction (p<0.05). Considering the same restorative technique, the use of the self-etching adhesive system showed a significant decrease in color and translucency (p<0.05). Conclusion All groups showed favorable clinical performance, and promising results were found for the conventional adhesive system and high viscosity bulk fill protocol.

https://doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v21i00.8665042

A Reliable and Cost-Effective Method for Determination of Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds in Coastal Waters, Suspended Particulate Matter, and Sediments by Ultrafast Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Photodiode Array and Fluorescence Detectors
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Souza, Gabriel C. de

; Fahning, Cristiane S

; Hatje, Vanessa

; Rocha, Gisele O. da

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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dec 2021, Volume 32 N. 12 Pages 2160 - 2173

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Analytical methods for determining 14 endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) in coastal waters, suspended particles, and sediment samples were successfully performed by ultrafast liquid chromatography with photodiode array and fluorescence detections (UFLC-PDA-FLD). Solid phase extraction (SPE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (USE) were used for sample preparation. Two chromatographic methods have been developed. An isocratic separation method was used to separate bisphenol A (BPA) and steroids and another gradient elution method to separate phthalates and alkylphenols. The detection by fluorescence was used for alkylphenols, BPA, and steroids and photodiode array (PDA) for phthalates. Limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.41 (4-tert-octylphenol (4tOP)) to 63 ng L-1 (dibutylphthalate (DBP)), 0.41 (4tOP) to 63.2 ng g-1 dried weight (dw) coastal waters, and solid samples (suspended particulate matter (SPM) and sediment samples), respectively. Recoveries ranged from 52 (diethylphthalate (DEP)) to 116% (DBP) for water, from 54 (DEP) to 108% (estrone (E1)) for SPM, and from 62 (4-n-nonylphenol (4nNP)) to 117% (4-n-octylphenol (4nOP)) for sediment samples. Finally, with the minimization of reagents and energy, the proposed methods were applied to samples collected from Todos os Santos Bay (BTS), Bahia, Northeastern Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210108

Identificação de situações e condutas bioéticas na atuação profissional em saúde
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Souza, Edison Vitório de

; Nunes, Gabriel Aguiar

; Silva, Cristiane dos Santos

; Silva Filho, Benedito Fernandes da

; Lapa, Poliana Souza

; Duarte, Paloma Dias

; Boery, Eduardo Nagib

; Boery, Rita Narriman Silva de Oliveira

; Sawada, Namie Okino

Revista Bioética

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mar 2021, Volume 29 N. 1 Pages 148 - 161

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar na literatura situações e condutas bioéticas na atuação profissional em saúde. Trata-se de revisão integrativa de artigos científicos indexados nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e publicados entre 2014 e 2019. Utilizaram-se os descritores “pessoal de saúde”, “prática profissional”, “ética profissional”, “discurso” e “bioética”. Foram selecionados 21 estudos para a discussão, destacando-se cinco categorias de análise: bioética durante a formação profissional; bioética como forma de humanizar a saúde; relações interprofissionais, direitos e deveres de trabalhadores e pacientes; bioética nas decisões que permeiam o início e o fim da vida; e tomada de decisões na saúde. A autonomia do paciente foi o princípio bioético mais abordado em diversas circunstâncias clínicas, especialmente nos dilemas relativos ao fim da vida.

Abstract This study aimed to identify bioethical situations and behaviors in health professions reported in the literature. This integrative review of scientific articles indexed in the Virtual Health Library databases, published between 2014 and 2019, used the following keywords: “health personnel,” “professional practice,” “ethics, professional,” “discourse,” and “bioethics.” Twenty-one studies were selected for discussion, with five categories identified in the analysis: bioethics during professional training; bioethics as a form of humanizing healthcare; interprofessional relationships, rights and duties of patients and professionals; bioethics in decisions in the beginning and end of life; and decision making in healthcare. Patient autonomy was the bioethical principle most often addressed in various clinical circumstances, especially in end-of-life dilemmas.

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar en la literatura situaciones y conductas bioéticas de la práctica profesional en salud. Se trata de una revisión integradora de artículos científicos indexados en las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, publicados entre 2014 y 2019. Se utilizaron los descriptores “personal de salud”, “práctica profesional”, “ética profesional”, “discurso” y “bioética”. Se seleccionaron 21 estudios para discusión y, del análisis, surgieron cinco categorías: bioética durante la formación profesional; bioética como forma de humanizar la salud; relaciones interprofesionales, derechos y deberes de los trabajadores y pacientes; bioética en las decisiones que permean el inicio y el final de la vida; y toma de decisiones en salud. La autonomía del paciente fue el principio bioético más abordado en diversas circunstancias clínicas, especialmente en los dilemas al final de la vida.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-80422021291455 632 downloads

Physical restraint in elderly in home care: a cross-sectional study
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Capeletto, Cristiane da Silva Gabriel

; Santana, Rosimere Ferreira

; Souza, Lívia Maria da Silva

; Cassiano, Keila Mara

; Carvalho, Ana Carolina Siqueira de

; Barros, Patrícia de Fátima Augusto

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem

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2021, Volume 42 elocation e20190410

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo Estimar a prevalência da contenção mecânica e fatores associados à sua prática na Atenção Domiciliar. Métodos Estudo transversal, realizado com 162 idosos de um programa de atenção domiciliar no Rio de Janeiro, de março de 2018 a julho de 2018. Utilizada como técnica de coleta de dados a observação direta e entrevista estruturada. Resultados Encontrou-se uma prevalência de 13% da contenção mecânica em idosos na Atenção domiciliar; mais frequente foi de membros e tronco, realizado com atadura, tecidos e lençol; justificativas do uso: controle da agressividade (28,6%), prevenção de quedas (19%) e proteção (19%); houve associação das variáveis do perfil com o desfecho de contenção: rotina de dias alternados (p-valor=0,000), não deambulação (p-valor=0,020), restrição ao leito (p-valor=0,000) e uso de cateter vesical de demora (p-valor=0,006). Conclusão Destaca-se a necessidade de capacitação dos profissionais de saúde, cuidadores formais e informais, no sentido de desnaturalizar a prática da contenção no domicílio.

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the prevalence of mechanical restraint and factors associated with its practice in elderly in Home Care. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with 162 elderly randomly assigned to a home care program in Rio de Janeiro, from March 2018 to July 2018. Used as a technique for data collection and direct observation and structured interview of elderly clinical data. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Results There was a 13% prevalence of mechanical restraint in elderly in home care. The most frequent restraints were the use of bandage, tissues and sheets in the arms/legs and chests of the elderly, and the justification for their use were control of aggressive behavior (28.6%), prevention of falls (19%) and protection (19%). Of the total elderly participants, 42.9% remained contained for more than 24 hours, and in 85.7% of the cases, the individuals were confined to a room. Conclusion It is necessary to expand the training of formal and informal caregivers, recommending the rehabilitation of care practices that preserve the elderly's autonomy, giving them dignity, respecting gerontological and home care principles.

RESUMEN Objetivo Estimar la prevalencia de la restricción mecánica y los factores asociados con su práctica en ancianos en Atención domiciliaria. Métodos Este fue un estudio transversal de 162 ancianos asignados aleatoriamente a un programa de atención domiciliaria en Río de Janeiro, sin período de marzo de 2018 a julio de 2018. Utilizado como técnica para la recopilación de datos y observación directa y entrevista estructurada de datos clínicos de ancianos. Los datos se analizaron de forma descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados Hubo una prevalencia de restricción mecánica del 13% en los ancianos de la atención domiciliaria. Los más frecuentes fueron las extremidades y el tronco, realizados con vendas, tejidos y sábanas, y como justificación de su uso: control de la agresividad (28,6%), prevención contra caídas (19%) y protección (19%). De los participantes de edad avanzada, el 42,9% permanece contenido durante más de 24 horas, en el 85,7% de los casos, restringido en una habitación individual. Conclusión Es necesario ampliar la capacitación de los cuidadores formales e informales, recomendando prácticas de atención de rehabilitación que preserven la autonomía de los ancianos, dándoles dignidad, respetando los principios gerontológicos y de atención domiciliaria.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2021.20190410 344 downloads

10.

Impact of nonpharmaceutical strategies on trends of COVID-19 in São Paulo State
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Fortaleza, Cristiane Ravagnani

; Vilches, Thomas Nogueira

; Almeida, Gabriel Berg de

; Ferreira, Claudia Pio

; Souza, Lenice do Rosário de

; Fortaleza, Carlos Magno Castelo Branco

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 48

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Interrupted time series analyses were conducted to measure the impact of social distancing policies (instituted on March 22, 2020) and of subsequent mandatory masking in the community (instituted on May 4, 2020) on the incidence and effective reproductive number of COVID-19 in São Paulo State, Brazil. Overall, the impact of social distancing both on incidence and Rt was greater than the incremental effect of mandatory masking. Those findings may reflect either a small impact of face masking or the loosening of social distancing after mandatory use of masks.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003599

11.

Impact of nonpharmaceutical strategies on trends of COVID-19 in São Paulo State
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Fortaleza, Cristiane Ravagnani

; Vilches, Thomas Nogueira

; Almeida, Gabriel Berg de

; Ferreira, Claudia Pio

; Souza, Lenice do Rosário de

; Fortaleza, Carlos Magno Castelo Branco

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 48

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003599 186 downloads

12.

Neurological consultations and diagnoses in a large, dedicated COVID-19 university hospital
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STUDART-NETO, Adalberto

; GUEDES, Bruno Fukelmann

; TUMA, Raphael de Luca e

; CAMELO FILHO, Antonio Edvan

; KUBOTA, Gabriel Taricani

; IEPSEN, Bruno Diógenes

; MOREIRA, Gabriela Pantaleão

; RODRIGUES, Júlia Chartouni

; FERRARI, Maíra Medeiros Honorato

; CARRA, Rafael Bernhart

; SPERA, Raphael Ribeiro

; OKU, Mariana Hiromi Manoel

; TERRIM, Sara

; LOPES, Cesar Castello Branco

; PASSOS NETO, Carlos Eduardo Borges

; FIORENTINO, Matheus Dalben

; DE SOUZA, Julia Carvalhinho Carlos

; BAIMA, José Pedro Soares

; DA SILVA, Tomás Fraga Ferreira

; MORENO, Cristiane Araujo Martins

; SILVA, Andre Macedo Serafim

; HEISE, Carlos Otto

; MENDONÇA, Rodrigo Holanda

; FORTINI, Ida

; SMID, Jerusa

; ADONI, Tarso

; GONÇALVES, Marcia Rubia Rodrigues

; PEREIRA, Samira Luisa Apóstolos

; PINTO, Lecio Figueira

; GOMES, Helio Rodrigues

; ZANOTELI, Edmar

; BRUCKI, Sonia Maria Dozzi

; CONFORTO, Adriana Bastos

; CASTRO, Luiz Henrique Martins

; NITRINI, Ricardo

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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aug 2020, Volume 78 N. 8 Pages 494 - 500

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução: Mais de um terço dos pacientes com COVID-19 apresentam sintomas neurológicos que variam de anosmia a AVC e encefalopatia. Além disso, doenças neurológicas prévias podem exigir tratamento especial e estar associadas a piores desfechos. Não obstante, o papel dos neurologistas na COVID-19 é provavelmente pouco reconhecido. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar os motivos para solicitar consultas neurológicas por clínicos e intensivistas em um hospital dedicado à COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo realizado no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil, um centro dedicado à COVID-19 com 900 leitos (incluindo 300 leitos para unidades de terapia intensiva). O diagnóstico de COVID-19 foi confirmado por SARS-CoV-2-RT-PCR em swabs nasais. Todas as interconsultas de neurologia hospitalar entre 23 de março e 23 de maio de 2020 foram analisadas. Os neurologistas realizaram o exame neurológico, avaliaram todos os dados disponíveis para diagnosticar a patologia neurológica e solicitaram exames adicionais conforme necessidade. Diagnósticos difíceis foram estabelecidos em reuniões de consenso. Após o diagnóstico, os neurologistas participaram da condução dos casos. Resultados: Foram solicitadas consultas neurológicas para 89 de 1.208 (7,4%) em pacientes internados por COVID-19 durante o período. Os principais diagnósticos neurológicos incluíram: encefalopatia (44,4%), acidente vascular cerebral (16,7%), doenças neurológicas prévias (9,0%), crises epilépticas (9,0%), transtornos neuromusculares (5,6%), outras lesões encefálicas agudas (3,4%) e outros sintomas leves inespecíficos (11,2%). Conclusões: A maioria das consultas neurológicas em um hospital dedicado à COVID-19 foi solicitada para condições graves que poderiam afetar o desfecho clínico. Os médicos na linha de frente devem ser capazes de reconhecer sintomas neurológicos. Os neurologistas são membros importantes da equipe médica no atendimento hospitalar à COVID-19.

ABSTRACT Background: More than one-third of COVID-19 patients present neurological symptoms ranging from anosmia to stroke and encephalopathy. Furthermore, pre-existing neurological conditions may require special treatment and may be associated with worse outcomes. Notwithstanding, the role of neurologists in COVID-19 is probably underrecognized. Objective: The aim of this study was to report the reasons for requesting neurological consultations by internists and intensivists in a COVID-19-dedicated hospital. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, a 900-bed COVID-19 dedicated center (including 300 intensive care unit beds). COVID-19 diagnosis was confirmed by SARS-CoV-2-RT-PCR in nasal swabs. All inpatient neurology consultations between March 23rd and May 23rd, 2020 were analyzed. Neurologists performed the neurological exam, assessed all available data to diagnose the neurological condition, and requested additional tests deemed necessary. Difficult diagnoses were established in consensus meetings. After diagnosis, neurologists were involved in the treatment. Results: Neurological consultations were requested for 89 out of 1,208 (7.4%) inpatient COVID admissions during that period. Main neurological diagnoses included: encephalopathy (44.4%), stroke (16.7%), previous neurological diseases (9.0%), seizures (9.0%), neuromuscular disorders (5.6%), other acute brain lesions (3.4%), and other mild nonspecific symptoms (11.2%). Conclusions: Most neurological consultations in a COVID-19-dedicated hospital were requested for severe conditions that could have an impact on the outcome. First-line doctors should be able to recognize neurological symptoms; neurologists are important members of the medical team in COVID-19 hospital care.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20200089 2651 downloads

13.

[SciELO Preprints] - Neurological consultations and diagnoses in a large, dedicated COVID-19 university hospital
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Studart-Neto, Adalberto Guedes, Bruno Fukelmann Tuma, Raphael De Luca E Camelo Filho, Antonio Edvan Kubota, Gabriel Taricani Iepsen, Bruno Diógenes Moreira, Gabriela Pantaleão Rodrigues, Júlia Chartouni Ferrari, Maíra Medeiros Honorato Carra, Rafael Bernhard Spera, Raphael Ribeiro Oku, Mariana Hiromi Manoel Terrim, Sara Lopes, Cesar Castello Branco Passos Neto, Carlos Eduardo Borges Dalben, Matheus De Souza, Julia Carvalhinho Carlos Baima, José Pedro Soares Da Silva, Tomás Fraga Ferreira Moreno, Cristiane Araujo Martins Silva, Andre Macedo Serafim Heise, Carlos Otto Mendonça, Rodrigo Holanda Fortini, Ida Smid, Jerusa Adoni, Tarso Gonçalves, Marcia Rubia Rodrigues Pereira, Samira Luisa Apóstolos Pinto, Lecio Figueira Gomes, Helio Rodrigues Zanotelli, Edmar Brucki, Sonia Maria Dozzi Conforto, Adriana Bastos Castro, Luiz Henrique Martins Nitrini, Ricardo

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Publication date: 2020-07-16

Abstract: En Pt

Background: More than one-third of COVID-19 patients present neurological symptomsranging from anosmia to stroke and encephalopathy. Furthermore, pre-existingneurological conditions may require special treatment and may be associated with worseoutcomes. Notwithstanding, the role of neurologists in COVID-19 is probablyunderrecognized. Objective: The aim of this study was to report the reasons forrequesting neurological consultations by internists and intensivists in a COVID-19-dedicated hospital. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at Hospital dasClínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, a 900-bedCOVID-19 dedicated center (including 300 intensive care unit beds). COVID-19 diagnosiswas confirmed by SARS-CoV-2-RT-PCR in nasal swabs. All inpatient neurologyconsultations between March 23rd and May 23rd, 2020 were analyzed. Neurologistsperformed the neurological exam, assessed all available data to diagnose theneurological condition, and requested additional tests deemed necessary. Difficultdiagnoses were established in consensus meetings. After diagnosis, neurologists wereinvolved in the treatment. Results: Neurological consultations were requested for 89 outof 1,208 (7.4%) inpatient COVID admissions during that period. Main neurologicaldiagnoses included: encephalopathy (44.4%), stroke (16.7%), previous neurologicaldiseases (9.0%), seizures (9.0%), neuromuscular disorders (5.6%), other acute brainlesions (3.4%), and other mild nonspecific symptoms (11.2%). Conclusions: Mostneurological consultations in a COVID-19-dedicated hospital were requested for severeconditions that could have an impact on the outcome. First-line doctors should be able torecognize neurological symptoms; neurologists are important members of the medicalteam in COVID-19 hospital care.

Introdução: Mais de um terço dos pacientes com COVID-19 apresentam sintomasneurológicos que variam de anosmia a AVC e encefalopatia. Além disso, doençasneurológicas prévias podem exigir tratamento especial e estar associadas a pioresdesfechos. Não obstante, o papel dos neurologistas na COVID-19 é provavelmentepouco reconhecido. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar os motivos para solicitarconsultas neurológicas por clínicos e intensivistas em um hospital dedicado à COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo realizado no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade deMedicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil, um centro dedicado à COVID-19 com900 leitos (incluindo 300 leitos para unidades de terapia intensiva). O diagnóstico deCOVID-19 foi confirmado por SARS-CoV-2-RT-PCR em swabs nasais. Todas asinterconsultas de neurologia hospitalar entre 23 de março e 23 de maio de 2020 foramanalisadas. Os neurologistas realizaram o exame neurológico, avaliaram todos os dadosdisponíveis para diagnosticar a patologia neurológica e solicitaram exames adicionaisconforme necessidade. Diagnósticos difíceis foram estabelecidos em reuniões deconsenso. Após o diagnóstico, os neurologistas participaram da condução dos casos.Resultados: Foram solicitadas consultas neurológicas para 89 de 1.208 (7,4%) empacientes internados por COVID-19 durante o período. Os principais diagnósticosneurológicos incluíram: encefalopatia (44,4%), acidente vascular cerebral (16,7%),doenças neurológicas prévias (9,0%), crises epilépticas (9,0%), transtornosneuromusculares (5,6%), outras lesões encefálicas agudas (3,4%) e outros sintomasleves inespecíficos (11,2%). Conclusões: A maioria das consultas neurológicas em umhospital dedicado à COVID-19 foi solicitada para condições graves que poderiam afetaro desfecho clínico. Os médicos na linha de frente devem ser capazes de reconhecersintomas neurológicos. Os neurologistas são membros importantes da equipe médica noatendimento hospitalar à COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20200089

14.

Update of the Brazilian Guideline on Nuclear Cardiology - 2020
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Mastrocola, Luiz Eduardo

; Amorim, Barbara Juarez

; Vitola, João Vicente

; Brandão, Simone Cristina Soares

; Grossman, Gabriel Blacher

; Lima, Ronaldo de Souza Leão

; Lopes, Rafael Willain

; Chalela, William Azem

; Carreira, Lara Cristiane Terra Ferreira

; Araújo, José Roberto Nolasco de

; Mesquita, Cláudio Tinoco

; Meneghetti, José Claudio

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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feb 2020, Volume 114 N. 2 Pages 325 - 429

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20200087 12505 downloads

15.

The influence of splenic tissue on the survival and TCD4 and TCD8 lymphocyte rates in rats subjected to fecal peritonitis induction
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Borjaili, Andréa Saade Daher

; Nunes, Giseli Celestino

; Silveira, Julia Belizário

; Dall'Orto, Flávia Heiderich

; Lorenzoni, Gabriel Souza

; Borjaili, Matheus Eduardo Daher

; Campagnaro, Bianca Prandi

; Lima, Maressa Cristiane Malini de

; Paulo, Marcela Souza Lima

; Paulo, Danilo Nagib Salomão

; Nunes, Tarcizo Afonso

Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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2020, Volume 35 N. 10 elocation e202001003

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Purpose: Comparing survival rates of rats subjected to spleen procedures after fecal peritonitis induction. Assessing changes in TCD4 and CD8 lymphocyte rates before and after the procedures. Correlating animal survival with CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes. Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were distributed into 3 groups of ten: spleen manipulation (SM); total splenectomy (TS); subtotal splenectomy with preservation of the inferior pole (IP). Rats were subjected to surgical procedure depending on the group. Seven days after surgery they underwent induction of peritonitis and survival time was recorded. All animals were subjected to two blood collections: before surgery and 70 days after it for TCD4/TCD8 lymphocyte counting. Results: Mean survival time was longer in the IP and SM groups and shorter in the TS group; there was significant difference between them. The comparison of the median number of CD4 did not present changes, whereas the comparison of the median number of CD8 decreased in the SM and IP groups. The correlation between the median number of TCD4 and TCD8 lymphocytes and the animals’ survival was not significant. Conclusion: The maintenance of splenic tissue contributed to increase the survival of rats and there was a change in the number of TCD8 lymphocytes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-865020200100000003 448 downloads

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