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au:SOUZA, ELIETE SILVA E

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Ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide-1 according to body adiposity and glucose homeostasis
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Lopes, Karynne Grutter

; Silva Junior, Vicente Lopes da

; Lopes, Fernanda de Azevedo Marques

; Bouskela, Eliete

; Souza, Maria das Graças Coelho de

; Kraemer-Aguiar, Luiz Guilherme

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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2023, Volume 67 N. 4 elocation e000611

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: We investigated the biological behavior of ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) after a standard liquid meal according to body adiposity and glucose homeostasis. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study included 41 individuals (92.7% women; aged 38.3 ± 7.8 years; BMI 32.2 ± 5.5 kg/m²) allocated into three groups according to body adiposity and glucose homeostasis, as follows: normoglycemic eutrophic controls (CON, n = 11), normoglycemic with obesity (NOB, n = 15), and dysglycemic with obesity (DOB, n = 15). They were tested at fasting and 30 and 60 min after the ingestion of a standard liquid meal in which we measured active ghrelin, active GLP-1, insulin, and plasma glucose levels. Results: As expected, DOB exhibited the worst metabolic status (glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c) and an inflammatory status (TNF-α) at fasting, besides a more significant increase in glucose than postprandial NOB (p ≤ 0.05). At fasting, no differences between groups were detected in lipid profile, ghrelin, and GLP-1 (p ≥ 0.06). After the standard meal, all groups exhibited a reduction in ghrelin levels between fasting vs. 60 min (p ≤ 0.02). Additionally, we noticed that GLP-1 and insulin increased equally in all groups after the standard meal (fasting vs. 30 and 60 min). Although glucose levels increased in all groups after meal intake, these changes were significantly more significant in DOB vs. CON and NOB at 30 and 60 min post-meal (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Time course of ghrelin and GLP-1 levels during the postprandial period was not influenced by body adiposity or glucose homeostasis. Similar behaviors occurred in controls and patients with obesity, independently of glucose homeostasis.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000611

COVID-19: The question of genetic diversity and therapeutic intervention approaches
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Figueiredo, David Livingstone Alves

; Ximenez, João Paulo Bianchi

; Seiva, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira

; Panis, Carolina

; Bezerra, Rafael dos Santos

; Ferrasa, Adriano

; Cecchini, Alessandra Lourenço

; Medeiros, Alexandra Ivo de

; Almeida, Ana Marisa Fusco

; Ramão, Anelisa

; Boldt, Angelica Beate Winter

; Moya, Carla Fredrichsen

; Chin, Chung Man

; Paula, Daniel de

; Rech, Daniel

; Gradia, Daniela Fiori

; Malheiros, Danielle

; Venturini, Danielle

; Tavares, Eliandro Reis

; Carraro, Emerson

; Ribeiro, Enilze Maria de Souza Fonseca

; Pereira, Evani Marques

; Tuon, Felipe Francisco

; Follador, Franciele Aní Caovilla

; Fernandes, Glaura Scantamburlo Alves

; Volpato, Hélito

; Cólus, Ilce Mara de Syllos

; Oliveira, Jaqueline Carvalho de

; Rodrigues, Jean Henrique da Silva

; Santos, Jean Leandro dos

; Visentainer, Jeane Eliete Laguila

; Brandi, Juliana Cristina

; Serpeloni, Juliana Mara

; Bonini, Juliana Sartori

; Oliveira, Karen Brajão de

; Fiorentin, Karine

; Lucio, Léia Carolina

; Faccin-Galhardi, Ligia Carla

; Ferreto, Lirane Elize Defante

; Lioni, Lucy Megumi Yamauchi

; Consolaro, Marcia Edilaine Lopes

; Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo

; Arbex, Marcos Abdo

; Pileggi, Marcos

; Watanabe, Maria Angelica Ehara

; Costa, Maria Antônia Ramos

; Giannini, Maria José S. Mendes

; Amarante, Marla Karine

; Khalil, Najeh Maissar

; Lima Neto, Quirino Alves de

; Herai, Roberto H.

; Guembarovski, Roberta Losi

; Shinsato, Rogério N.

; Mainardes, Rubiana Mara

; Giuliatti, Silvana

; Yamada-Ogatta, Sueli Fumie

; Gerber, Viviane Knuppel de Quadros

; Pavanelli, Wander Rogério

; Silva, Weber Claudio da

; Petzl-Erler, Maria Luiza

; Valente, Valeria

; Soares, Christiane Pienna

; Cavalli, Luciane Regina

; Silva Jr, Wilson Araujo

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 N. 1 elocation e20200452

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the largest pandemic in modern history with very high infection rates and considerable mortality. The disease, which emerged in China’s Wuhan province, had its first reported case on December 29, 2019, and spread rapidly worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic and global health emergency. Since the outbreak, efforts to develop COVID-19 vaccines, engineer new drugs, and evaluate existing ones for drug repurposing have been intensively undertaken to find ways to control this pandemic. COVID-19 therapeutic strategies aim to impair molecular pathways involved in the virus entrance and replication or interfere in the patients’ overreaction and immunopathology. Moreover, nanotechnology could be an approach to boost the activity of new drugs. Several COVID-19 vaccine candidates have received emergency-use or full authorization in one or more countries, and others are being developed and tested. This review assesses the different strategies currently proposed to control COVID-19 and the issues or limitations imposed on some approaches by the human and viral genetic variability.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0452

Chemical composition and fatty acids profile of chocolates produced with different cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) cultivars
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MELO, Calionara Waleska Barbosa de

; Bandeira, Matheus de Jesus

; MACIEL, Leonardo Fonseca

; BISPO, Eliete da Silva

; SOUZA, Carolina Oliveira de

; SOARES, Sérgio Eduardo

Food Science and Technology

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jun 2020, Volume 40 N. 2 Pages 326 - 333

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The objective of the present study was to characterize the physicochemical composition and to quantify the fatty acids of chocolates produced from different cocoa varieties (Theobroma cacao L.) cultivated in the Southern Region of Bahia. Nine samples of monovarietal chocolates were evaluated, according to their physical, thermal and fatty acid profile. The results were subjected to tests of variance and multivariate statistics. The chocolates PH16 and TSH1188 presented higher melting point. It was possible to identify a linear correlation between the fat content of the chocolates and the break force parameter. The chocolates showed higher concentration of saturated fatty acids, mainly palmitic acid (16:0) and stearic acid (18:0), followed by the unsaturated fatty acids among which oleic acid (18:1n-9) and linoleic acid (18:6) were predominant. The principal component analysis allowed to discriminate the different varieties of chocolate according to the profile of fatty acids. The thermogravimetric analysis of the samples showed a similar profile. The differences found in the samples of chocolates were attributed to factors such as the fruit maturation process, the cocoa variety and to which they were subjected during processing.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.43018 3691 downloads

Influence of drying methods on cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.): antioxidant activity and presence of ochratoxin A
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DEUS, Valterney Lima

; CERQUEIRA E SILVA, Mariana Barros de

; MACIEL, Leonardo Fonseca

; MIRANDA, Lucas Caldeirão Rodrigues

; HIROOKA, Elisa Yoko

; SOARES, Sérgio Eduardo

; FERREIRA, Ederlan de Souza

; BISPO, Eliete da Silva

Food Science and Technology

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dec 2018, Volume 38 Pages 278 - 285

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This work aimed to evaluate the performance of different drying methods in the development of phenolic compounds, methylxanthines, and antioxidant activity in cocoa bean and to evaluate the presence of ochratoxin A (OTA). Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH, FRAP, ORAC and β-carotene-linoleic acid assays. Phenolic compounds and methylxanthines were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography with an ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV). OTA was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (UPLC-FLR). It was found that during cocoa drying, there was a reduction in antioxidant activity with reduced phenolic compound content (0.04 mg.g-1 of catechin before drying to 0.02 mg.g-1 after drying) and reduced methylxanthines (19.44 mg.g -1 of theobromine before drying to 11.71 mg.g-1 after drying). Only one sample showed contamination by OTA (7.1 μg.kg-1). The traditional drying method showed the highest conservation of antioxidant activity and methylxanthine and phenolic compound content.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.09917 5308 downloads

Protease prospecion and determination of its isoenzymes activity in cocoa cultivars (Theobroma cacao L.)
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SILVEIRA, Paulo Túlio de Souza

; MELO, Lorena de Jesus Próculo

; SOUZA, Luciane Santos

; BISPO, Eliete da Silva

; SOARES, Sérgio Eduardo

Food Science and Technology

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jul 2017, Volume 37 N. 3 Pages 369 - 377

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Our objective was to characterize the protease enzymatic activity and its isoenzymes on cacao cultivars PH 16 and TSH 1188, produced in southern Bahia, linking it to the conditions of the fermentation process. Proteases were extracted and semi-purified, their activities determined changing substrate, pH and temperature, and the values compared with the parameters of fermentation (pH and temperature), and yet determined the kinetic parameters and the activity of its isoenzymes: aminopeptidase, carboxypeptidase and endoprotease. In the experimental conditions, differences in protease activities were shown as to different cocoa cultivars on various conditions. The albumin stands out as the preferred enzyme substrate, in a pH range between 3 and 6 and temperatures between 29 ° C and 50 ° C. As for the isoenzymes activity, an increased activity in these seeds and in the cultivar TSH 1188 was observed. When correlated with the fermentative parameters, the conditions for enzymatic activity are not the best determined, with emphasis on farming pH 16 presenting its fermentation conditions far from those found as optimal, especially in pH evaluation, since temperature varies very little between the two cultivars.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-457x.09816 919 downloads

Enzymatic activity of proteases and its isoenzymes in fermentation process in cultivars of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) produced in southern Bahia, Brazil
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SOUSA, Luciane Santos

; ROCHA, Fátima de Souza

; SILVEIRA, Paulo Túlio de Souza

; BISPO, Eliete da Silva

; SOARES, Sérgio Eduardo

Food Science and Technology

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dec 2016, Volume 36 N. 4 Pages 656 - 663

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The fermentation of cocoa seeds envolves microbial processes and the action of enzymes. To identify the possible differences in the cocoa fermentation process, with regards to proteolysis, this study has the objective of determining protease activity (under predetermined conditions) and its isoenzymes in two cocoa cultivars (PH-16 and HRT-1188) in different cocoa fermentation times, in addition to establishing the microbial load (molds and yeasts and aerobic mesophilic). Protease and its isoenzymes were extracted and partially purified and the enzymatic activities determined by spectrophotometry. The results showed that the proteases activity was higher at 66h of fermentation for both cultivars. When the isoenzymes activity was evaluated, the results demonstrated similar activity behavior for both cultivars, with regards to the isoenzymes aminopeptidase and carboxypeptidase, although the behavior of the endoprotease isoenzyme activity proved to be a little different for TSH-1188 cultivar. Concerning microbiological analyses, the results indicate that the period after molds and yeast counting reduction is consistent with the period of protease activity increase.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-457x.10916 1789 downloads

Characterization of polyphenol oxidase in two cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) cultivars produced in the south of Bahia, Brazil
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MACEDO, Adrielle Souza Leão

; ROCHA, Fátima de Souza

; RIBEIRO, Margareth da Silva

; SOARES, Sergio Eduardo

; BISPO, Eliete da Silva

Food Science and Technology

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mar 2016, Volume 36 N. 1 Pages 56 - 63

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The reactions leading to the formation of precursors of chocolate flavor are performed by endogenous enzymes present in the cocoa seed. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) presence and activity during fermentation of cocoa beans is responsible for the development of flavor precursors and is also implicated in the reduction of bitterness and astringency. However, the reliability of cocoa enzyme activities is complicated due to variations in different genotypes, geographical origins and methods of fermentation. In addition, there is still a lack of systematic studies comparing different cocoa cultivars. So, the present study was designed to characterize the activity of PPO in the pulp and seeds of two cocoa cultivars, PH 16 and TSH 1188. The PPO activity was determined spectrophotometrically and characterized as the optimal substrate concentration, pH and temperature and the results were correlated with the conditions during the fermentation process. The results showed the specificity and differences between the two cocoa cultivars and between the pulp and seeds of each cultivar. It is suggested that specific criteria must be adopted for each cultivar, based on the optimal PPO parameters, to prolong the period of maximum PPO activity during fermentation, contributing to the improvement of the quality of cocoa beans.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.0009 2305 downloads

Acesso a informações sobre como evitar problemas bucais entre escolares da Rede Pública de Ensino
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Oliveira, Rodrigo Caldeira Nunes

; Souza, João Gabriel Silva

; Oliveira, Carolina de Castro

; Oliveira, Lorenna Fonseca Braga de

; Pelino, José Eduardo Pelizon

; Martins, Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima

; Almeida, Eliete Rodrigues de

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jan 2015, Volume 20 N. 1 Pages 85 - 94

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

<p>O presente estudo propõe-se a identificar a prevalência do acesso a informações sobre como evitar problemas bucais entre escolares da rede pública de ensino, assim como os fatores associados a este acesso. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e analítico conduzido entre escolares de 12 anos de idade de um município brasileiro de grande porte populacional. Os exames foram realizados por 24 cirurgiões-dentistas treinados e calibrados com auxilio de 24 anotadores. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 36 escolas sorteadas das 89 escolas públicas do município. Foram conduzidas análises descritivas, univariadas e múltiplas. Dos 2510 escolares incluídos no estudo, 2211 relataram já ter recebido informações sobre como evitar problemas bucais. O acesso a tais informações foi maior entre os que utilizaram serviços odontológicos privado/convênio; e menor entre aqueles que utilizaram o serviço para tratamento, os que avaliaram o serviço como regular ou ruim/péssimo, os que utilizam como meio de higiene bucal somente escova dente/escova dente e higienização a língua e os que relataram não estarem satisfeitos com a aparência de seus dentes. Conclui-se que a maioria dos escolares teve acesso a informações sobre como evitar problemas bucais, o qual esteve associado a características dos serviços de saúde, comportamentos e desfechos de saúde.</p>

<p>The scope of this study is to identify the prevalence of access to information about how to prevent oral problems among schoolchildren in the public school network, as well as the factors associated with such access. This is a cross-sectional and analytical study conducted among 12-year-old schoolchildren in a Brazilian municipality with a large population. The examinations were performed by 24 trained dentists and calibrated with the aid of 24 recorders. Data collection occurred in 36 public schools selected from the 89 public schools of the city. Descriptive, univariate and multiple analyses were conducted. Of the 2510 schoolchildren included in the study, 2211 reported having received information about how to prevent oral problems. Access to such information was greater among those who used private dental services; and lower among those who used the service for treatment, who evaluated the service as regular or bad/awful. The latter use toothbrush only or toothbrush and tongue scrubbing as a means of oral hygiene and who reported not being satisfied with the appearance of their teeth. The conclusion drawn is that the majority of schoolchildren had access to information about how to prevent oral problems, though access was associated with the characteristics of health services, health behavior and outcomes.</p>

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232014201.00032014 1276 downloads

Acesso a informações sobre como evitar problemas bucais entre escolares da Rede Pública de Ensino
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Oliveira, Rodrigo Caldeira Nunes

; Souza, João Gabriel Silva

; Oliveira, Carolina de Castro

; Oliveira, Lorenna Fonseca Braga de

; Pelino, José Eduardo Pelizon

; Martins, Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima

; Almeida, Eliete Rodrigues de

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jan 2015, Volume 20 N. 1 Pages 85 - 94

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O presente estudo propõe-se a identificar a prevalência do acesso a informações sobre como evitar problemas bucais entre escolares da rede pública de ensino, assim como os fatores associados a este acesso. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e analítico conduzido entre escolares de 12 anos de idade de um município brasileiro de grande porte populacional. Os exames foram realizados por 24 cirurgiões-dentistas treinados e calibrados com auxilio de 24 anotadores. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 36 escolas sorteadas das 89 escolas públicas do município. Foram conduzidas análises descritivas, univariadas e múltiplas. Dos 2510 escolares incluídos no estudo, 2211 relataram já ter recebido informações sobre como evitar problemas bucais. O acesso a tais informações foi maior entre os que utilizaram serviços odontológicos privado/convênio; e menor entre aqueles que utilizaram o serviço para tratamento, os que avaliaram o serviço como regular ou ruim/péssimo, os que utilizam como meio de higiene bucal somente escova dente/escova dente e higienização a língua e os que relataram não estarem satisfeitos com a aparência de seus dentes. Conclui-se que a maioria dos escolares teve acesso a informações sobre como evitar problemas bucais, o qual esteve associado a características dos serviços de saúde, comportamentos e desfechos de saúde.

The scope of this study is to identify the prevalence of access to information about how to prevent oral problems among schoolchildren in the public school network, as well as the factors associated with such access. This is a cross-sectional and analytical study conducted among 12-year-old schoolchildren in a Brazilian municipality with a large population. The examinations were performed by 24 trained dentists and calibrated with the aid of 24 recorders. Data collection occurred in 36 public schools selected from the 89 public schools of the city. Descriptive, univariate and multiple analyses were conducted. Of the 2510 schoolchildren included in the study, 2211 reported having received information about how to prevent oral problems. Access to such information was greater among those who used private dental services; and lower among those who used the service for treatment, who evaluated the service as regular or bad/awful. The latter use toothbrush only or toothbrush and tongue scrubbing as a means of oral hygiene and who reported not being satisfied with the appearance of their teeth. The conclusion drawn is that the majority of schoolchildren had access to information about how to prevent oral problems, though access was associated with the characteristics of health services, health behavior and outcomes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232014201.00032014 2828 downloads

10.

Acesso a orientações de higiene bucal entre escolares da rede pública de ensino
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Oliveira, Rodrigo Caldeira Nunes

; Souza, João Gabriel Silva

; Oliveira, Carolina de Castro

; Oliveira, Lorenna Fonseca Braga de

; Popoff, Daniela Araújo Veloso

; Martins, Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lim

; Almeida, Eliete Rodrigues de

Revista de Odontologia da UNESP

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dec 2014, Volume 43 N. 6 Pages 414 - 420

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Introdução:O acesso à educação em saúde bucal é considerado um importante preditor para avaliação das condições e dos comportamentos em saúde bucal. Crianças com 12 anos estão, em sua maioria, inseridas no ambiente escolar, sendo a escola um ambiente educacional e social propício para que conhecimentos e mudanças de comportamento sejam trabalhados.Objetivo:Propõe-se identificar a prevalência do acesso a orientações de higiene bucal entre escolares da Rede Pública de Ensino e os fatores associados a esse acesso.Metodologia:Trata-se de um estudo transversal, analítico, conduzido entre escolares de 12 anos de idade de um município brasileiro de grande porte populacional. Os exames foram realizados por 24 Cirurgiões-Dentistas treinados e calibrados com auxílio de 24 anotadores. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 36 escolas públicas, sorteadas dentre as 89 escolas do município. Foram conduzidas análises descritivas, univariadas e múltiplas (OR/IC95%).Resultado:Dos 2.755 escolares avaliados, 2.510 foram incluídos. Destes, 2.173 (86,6%) receberam orientações de higiene bucal. O acesso a orientações de higiene bucal foi maior entre escolares do sexo masculino e dentre os que utilizaram serviços odontológicos privados ou por convênio. Foi menor entre os que usaram o serviço odontológico para tratamento e há mais de um ano, dentre os que não recebiam assistência odontológica na escola e entre aqueles que relataram uma frequência de higiene bucal de uma vez por dia.Conclusão:A maioria dos escolares teve acesso a orientações de higiene bucal, estando este acesso associado a variáveis referentes aos determinantes pessoais, ao serviço de saúde e aos comportamentos.

Introduction:Access to oral health education is considered an important predictor for assessing the conditions and behaviors on oral health. Most 12-year children are in the school environment, being the school a propitious educational and social environment for both knowledge as behavioral changes are implemented.Objective:It is proposed to identify the prevalence of access to oral hygiene guidelines among schoolchildren of public schools and the factors associated with such access.Methodology:This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted among 12-years schoolchildren of a Brazilian city with a large population size. The tests were performed by 24 trained and calibrated dentists with the aid of 24 annotators. Data collection occurred in 36 randomly selected public schools among the 89 schools of the city. Descriptive, univariate and multiple analyzes were conducted (OR/IC95%).Result:Of the 2,755 schoolchildren, 2,510 were included. Of these, 2,173 (86.6%) received oral hygiene guidelines. Access to guidelines for oral care was higher among male students and among those using private dental services or covenant. It was lower among those who used the service for dental treatment for over one year and among those who did not receive dental care at school, who reported a frequency of oral hygiene equal to once/day.Conclusion:Most of the students had access to guidelines for oral hygiene, with this access associated with variables related to personal determinants, health services and behaviors.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.1042 4725 downloads

11.

Hepatitis D virus infection in the Western Brazilian Amazon - far from a vanishing disease
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Braga, Wornei Silva Miranda

; Castilho, Márcia da Costa

; Borges, Fabiane Giovanella

; Leão, Jorge Roberto Di Tommaso

; Martinho, Ana Cristina de Souza

; Rodrigues, Ivo Seixas

; Azevedo, Eliete Pereira de

; Barros Júnior, Gildo Maia de

; Paraná, Raymundo

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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dec 2012, Volume 45 N. 6 Pages 691 - 695

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

INTRODUÇÃO: É descrito declínio na ocorrência do vírus da hepatite D (VHD) na Europa e Ásia. Estimamos a prevalência de infecção pelo VHD na Amazônia Ocidental, após a introdução da vacinação contra hepatite B. MÉTODOS: Este é um estudo de corte transversal da prevalência do VHD medido pela ocorrência de anticorpos totais (anti-HD T). RESULTADOS: A prevalência do VHD encontrada foi 41,9% entre os portadores do HBsAg, e esteve associado à idade (RP = 1,96; IC 95% 1,12-3,42; p = 0,01), infecção pelo HBV (RP = 4,38; IC 95% 3,12-6,13; p < 0,001) e história clínica de hepatite (RP =1,44; IC 95% 1,03-2,00; p = 0,03). Fatores de risco mostraram-se associados à biologia do HDV, aspectos clínicos e demográficos como infecção prévia pelo VHB e idade. CONCLUSÕES: O estudo demonstra que a infecção pelo VHD continua sendo um importante problema de saúde pública na região, e que a implantação da vacinação contra o VHB na área rural de Lábrea teve um impacto pouco significativo no controle do VHD, percebe-se que este ainda não desapareceu de áreas hiperendêmicas do VHB, e está longe de poder ser classificado como uma doença em declínio na bacia Amazônica.

INTRODUCTION: A decline in hepatitis D virus (HDV) occurrence was described in Europe and Asia. We estimated HDV prevalence in the Brazilian Amazon following hepatitis B vaccination. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional survey of HDV measured by total antibodies to HDV (anti-HD T). RESULTS: HDV prevalence was 41.9% whiting HBsAg carries and was associated with age (PR = 1.96; 95% CI 1.12-3.42; p = 0.01), hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (PR = 4.38; 95% CI 3.12-6.13; p < 0.001), and clinical hepatitis (PR =1.44; 95% CI 1.03-2.00; p = 0.03). Risk factors were related to HDV biology, clinical or demographic aspects such as underlying HBV infection, clinical hepatitis and age. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that HDV infection continues to be an important health issue in the Brazilian Amazon and that the implementation of the HBV vaccination in rural Lábrea had little or no impact on the spread of HDV. This shows that HDV has not yet disappeared from HBV hyperendemic areas and reminding that it is far from being a vanishing disease in the Amazon basin.

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12.

Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and carriage after nineteen years of vaccination program in the Western Brazilian Amazon
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Braga, Wornei Silva Miranda

; Castilho, Márcia da Costa

; Borges, Fabiane Giovanella

; Martinho, Ana Cristina de Souza

; Rodrigues, Ivo Seixas

; Azevedo, Eliete Pereira de

; Scazufca, Márcia

; Menezes, Paulo Rossi

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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feb 2012, Volume 45 N. 1 Pages 13 - 17

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

INTRODUÇÃO: Reduções nas taxas de prevalência de infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B (VHB) e de portadores, incidência de câncer de fígado e mudança nos padrões de doenças hepáticas são descritos, depois da introdução da vacinação contra hepatite B. MÉTODOS: Foi conduzido um estudo de soro prevalência de base populacional, com o objetivo de estimar a prevalência do VHB e fatores de risco de infecção na área rural de Lábrea, depois de 19 anos de introdução da vacinação contra hepatite B. RESULTADOS: Metade dos indivíduos investigados mostrou reatividade ao anti-HBc total, 52,1% (IC 95% 49,6-54,7). A prevalência do HBsAg foi 6,2% (IC 95% 5,1-7,6). Análises multivariadas mostrou associação inversa da infecção pelo VHB e vacinação (OR 0,62; IC 95% 0<44-0,87). A presença do HBsAg permaneceu independentemente associada com o passado de hepatite (OR 2,44; IC 95% 1,52-3,89) e inversamente associado a história de vacinação (OR 0,43; IC 95% 0,27-0,69). A prevalência do HBeAg, entre os HBsAg positivos foi 20,4% (IC95% 12,8-30,1), tendo em média os indivíduos positivos 11 anos de idade (1-46) p=0,0003. CONCLUSÕES: Foi demonstrado que o VHB é ainda um importante problema de saúde publica, e que a vacinação contra o VHB poderia ter tido um impacto maior na epidemiologia do VHB na região. Se esses achados forem extrapolados para outras regiões rurais da Amazônia brasileira, podemos predizer que a fonte de pacientes crônicos é ainda um desafio a ser vencido. Estudos futuros devem focar os aspectos clínicos, a epidemiologia molecular, vigilância de casos agudos e grupos de risco.

INTRODUCTION: Reductions in the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and carriage, decreases in liver cancer incidence, and changes in patterns of liver dysfunctions are described after hepatitis B vaccination. METHODS: We conducted a population-based seroprevalence study aimed at estimating the HBV prevalence and risk of infection in the rural area of Lábrea following nineteen years of HBV vaccination. RESULTS: Half of the subjects showed total anti-HBc of 52.1% (95% CI 49.6-54.7). The HBsAg prevalence was 6.2% (95% CI 5.1-7.6). Multivariate analysis showed an inverse association between HBV infection and vaccination (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.44-0.87). HBsAg remained independently associated with past hepatitis (OR 2.44; 95% CI 1.52-3.89) and inversely to vaccination (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.27-0.69). The prevalence of HBeAg among HBsAg-positive individuals was 20.4% (95% CI 12.8-30.1), with the positive subjects having a median age of 11 years (1-46) p=0.0003. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that HBV infection is still an important public health issue and that HBV vaccination could have had better impact on HBV epidemiology. If we extrapolate these findings to other rural areas in the Brazilian Amazon, we can predict that the sources of chronic infected patients remain a challenge. Future studies are needed regarding clinical aspects, molecular epidemiology, surveillance of acute cases, and risk groups.

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13.

Performance and intestinal health of broilers inoculated with nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium and treated with organic acids
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Rocha, Tatiane Martins

; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora

; Souza, Eliete Silva e

; Stringhini, José Henrique

; Café, Marcos Barcellos

; Rezende, Cíntia Silva Minafra e

; Pôrto, Regiani Nascimento Gagno

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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dec 2011, Volume 40 N. 12 Pages 2776 - 2782

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

An experiment with 630 one-day-old chicks experimentally inoculated with Salmonella Typhimurium was performed to evaluate the effects of an organic acid blend (benzoic, fumaric and 2-hydroxi-4-methylltio-butanoic - HMTBa) on intestinal health and performance. The experimental challenge with Salmonella Typhimurium occurred in two different routes of administration: via crop on the first day after hatching, and via feed, offered from seven to 14 days of age. These groups were treated with organic acids in a 3 × 2 (agent versus acid) factorial arrangement. Chicks treated with organic acids had higher weight gain, mean live weight and better feed conversion at 14 days of age, and higher weight gain at 28 days of age. Chicks treated with organic acids inoculated via crop had higher duodenum villi height than animals of the control group. Jejunum villi were higher in chicks of the negative control group compared with birds supplemented with organic acids. Small intestine pH in chicks of the inoculated group was lower compared with control group throughout the trial period. HMTBa acid in the dosage of 0.4% improves intestinal health and performance when nalidixic acid resistant Salmonella Typhimurium is experimentally inoculated.

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14.

Oral cancer staging established by magnetic resonance imaging
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Paiva, Rogério Ribeiro de

; Figueiredo, Paulo Tadeu de Souza

; Leite, André Ferreira

; Silva, Maria Alves Garcia

; Guerra, Eliete Neves Silva

Brazilian Oral Research

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dec 2011, Volume 25 N. 6 Pages 512 - 518

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The aim of this study was to compare clinical staging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) staging for oral cancer, and to assess inter-observer agreement between oral and medical radiologists. A total of 10 patients diagnosed with oral cancer were assessed before treatment. A head and neck surgeon performed clinical TNM staging. Two medical radiologists and two oral radiologists performed a new staging assessment by interpreting MRI scans, without prior knowledge of the clinical staging. They evaluated the extent of the primary tumor (T), metastasis to regional lymph nodes (N) and grouping by stages. The data were analyzed using the Kappa Index. There was significant agreement (p < 0.05) between the clinical and MRI staging assessments made by one oral radiologist for N stage, and between those made by one medical radiologist for the T and N stages and for the grouping by stages. In the MRI assessment, there was significant agreement among all four observers for both T stage and grouping by stages. For the N stage, there was no significant agreement between one oral radiologist and one medical radiologist or between both medical radiologists. There was significant agreement among the remaining radiologists. There was no agreement between the clinical and MRI staging. These results indicate the importance of using MRI for the diagnosis of oral cancer. Training initiatives and calibration of medical and oral radiologists should be promoted to provide an improved multidisciplinary approach to oral cancer.

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15.

Situação vacinal e sorológica para hepatite B em profissionais da estratégia saúde da família
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Oliveira, Valéria Conceição de

; Guimarães, Eliete Albano de Azevedo

; Souza, Débora Aparecida Silva

; Ricardo, Renata Aparecida

Rev Rene

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2011, Volume 12 N. spe Pages 960 - 965

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

The main goal of this study is to describe the vaccination status and performance of serology in health professionals. The descriptive epidemiological study was carried in 15 Family Health Groups in Divinópolis (MG, Brazil) in 2010. The methodology provided the application of 108 questionnaires to health professionals. Among the 108 surveyed, 89.4% were vaccinated with the three-dose regimen of the vaccine against hepatitis B. Moreover, it was detected that 81% of the workers did not undergo serological testing; 54.7% have contact with cutting tools, and 60.4% of them had never conducted training on biosafety. The results indicate high vaccination coverage against hepatitis B and a poor adherence to serology. So, the monitoring of vaccination status and the accomplishment of serological monitoring among health professionals is essential to ensure immunity to the disease.

El estudio pretendió describir la situación vacunal y la realización de serología en profesionales de salud. Estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo, realizado en 15 Equipos de Salud de la Familia, d Divinópolis- MG/Brasil, en 2010. Fueron aplicados 108 encuestas a los profesionales de salud. Entre los 108, 89,4% fueron vacunados con el esquema de tres dosis de la vacuna contra hepatitis B; 81% no realizaron el test serológico; 54,7% tenían contacto con material corto-punzante y 60,4% de los trabajadores relataron que no hicieron capacitaciones sobre bioseguridad. Esto apunta la alta cobertura de vacunas contra la hepatitis B y la baja adhesión a la serología. Así, la vigilancia del estado de vacunación y de la realización de la serología entre los profesionales de salud son esenciales, para asegurar la inmunidad a la enfermedad.

O presente estudo buscou descrever a situação vacinal e a realização de sorologia em profissionais de saúde. Este estudo epidemiológico descritivo foi realizado em 15 Equipes de Saúde da Família do município de Divinópolis - MG/Brasil, em 2010. Foram aplicados 108 questionários aos profissionais de saúde. Entre os 108 investigados, 89,4% foram vacinados com o esquema de três doses da vacina contra a hepatite B. Detectamos que 81% dos trabalhadores não realizaram o teste sorológico; 54,7% têm contato com material perfurocortante e 60,4% dos trabalhadores relataram que nunca realizaram capacitações sobre biossegurança. Isto aponta alta cobertura vacinal contra a hepatite B e baixa adesão à sorologia. Neste sentido, a vigilância da situação vacinal e o monitoramento da realização de sorologia entre os profissionais de saúde são essenciais para garantir a imunidade à doença.

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