ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Social distancing has led to lifestyle changes among older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence risk of sarcopenia (RS) and investigate its associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in older Brazilian adults. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional observational analysis of baseline data as part of the Remobilize Study. METHODS: Participants in the study were older adults (≥ 60 years), excluding those who were bedridden or institutionalized. The data collected consisted of answers about the RS (SARC-F), functional status, walking, sedentary behavior (SB), pain, comorbidity, and life space mobility. RESULTS: A total of 1,482 older adults (70 ± 8.14 years, 74% women) participated in the study, and an RS prevalence of 17.1% was found. (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.25–19.15%). The adjusted multivariate model showed a significant association between RS and functional limitation (odds ratio [OR]: 19.05; CI 13.00–28.32), comorbidity (OR: 5.11; CI 3.44–7.81), pain (OR: 4.56; CI 3.33–6.28), total walking (OR: 0.99; CI 0.99–1.00), SB of 8–10 hours (OR: 1.85; CI 1.15–2.93), and SB of > 10 hours (OR: 3.93; CI 2.48–6.22). RS was associated with mobility during the pandemic (OR: 0.97; CI 0.96–0.98). P < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS: During the pandemic, the prevalence of RS in older Brazilians was estimated at 17.1%. Moderate to severe functional limitation, comorbidities, presence of pain, walking, longer SB period, and reduced life space mobility significantly contributed to RS in older adults during the pandemic.

ABSTRACT Job satisfaction is multifactorial and is directly related to the quality of health services. The main objective of this study was to characterize the level of job satisfaction and the work context of the multidisciplinary teams in specialized rehabilitation services in the state of Alagoas, Brazil. We evaluated the professional profile of participants and sociodemographic information. The Work Context Assessment Scale (WCAS) which is divided into three dimensions and questions adapted from the satisfaction and remuneration dimensions of the Great Place to Work methodology for the Organizational Climate Survey, was used. We included 190 professionals, the mean age was 35.47±9.25 and 86.3% were women. Most participants worked in the capital (60%) and 84.7% had a monthly wage ranging from R$1,000 to R$3,000. The dimension of “work organization” was crucial. The items “pace of work,” “strong demand,” “performance monitoring,” and “repetitive tasks” presented the worst results, but 92.7% are satisfied with their professional activities. The logistic regression analysis showed that more years since graduation and lower scores of Work conditions and Socio-professional relationships were associated with higher job satisfaction. Job satisfaction was found to be high, the dimension of work organization was crucial, and almost half of the participants have already thought about leaving their careers.

RESUMEN La satisfacción laboral es multifactorial y está directamente relacionada con la calidad de los servicios de salud. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue identificar el nivel de satisfacción y el contexto de trabajo de equipos multidisciplinarios en servicios especializados de rehabilitación en el estado de Alagoas, Brasil. Se evaluó el perfil profesional y el perfil sociodemográfico, y se aplicaron la Escala de Evaluación del Contexto de Trabajo (EACT), dividida en tres dimensiones, y preguntas adaptadas de las dimensiones de satisfacción y remuneración de la metodología de encuesta de clima organizacional, Great Place to Work. Se incluyeron a 190 profesionales, de los cuales el 86,3% eran mujeres, y la edad media fue de 35,47±9,25 años. La mayoría trabajaba en la capital (60%) y el 84,7% ganaba entre R$1.000 y R$3.000. La dimensión “organización del trabajo” fue crítica. Los ítems “ritmo de trabajo”, “exigencia de resultados”, “control del rendimiento” y “tareas repetitivas” obtuvieron los peores resultados, pero el 92,7% de los participantes estaban satisfechos con su actividad profesional. La regresión logística mostró que a más años de formación y puntuaciones más bajas en las dimensiones “condiciones de trabajo” y “relación socioprofesional” se asociaban a una mayor satisfacción laboral. La satisfacción laboral fue alta, la dimensión “organización del trabajo” crítica, y casi la mitad de los participantes había pensado en dejar su carrera.

RESUMO A satisfação no trabalho é multifatorial e está diretamente relacionada com a qualidade dos serviços de saúde. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi caracterizar o nível de satisfação e o contexto de trabalho de equipes multidisciplinares de serviços especializados em reabilitação no estado de Alagoas, Brasil. Foi avaliado o perfil profissional e sociodemográfico e foram aplicadas a escala de avaliação do contexto de trabalho (EACT), que é dividida em três dimensões, e questões adaptadas das dimensões de satisfação e remuneração da metodologia Great Place to Work da pesquisa de clima organizacional. Incluímos 190 profissionais, sendo 86,3% do sexo feminino, e a idade média foi de 35,47±9,25 anos. A maioria trabalhava na capital (60%) e 84,7% recebiam mensalmente de R$ 1.000,00 a R$ 3.000,00. A dimensão organização do trabalho foi considerada crítica. Os itens ritmo de trabalho, cobrança por resultados, fiscalização do desempenho e tarefas repetitivas tiveram os piores resultados, mas 92,7% dos participantes estavam satisfeitos com suas atividades profissionais. A regressão logística mostrou que mais anos de formado e menores pontuações nas dimensões condições de trabalho e relações socioprofissionais estão associados com maior satisfação no trabalho. A satisfação no trabalho foi alta, a dimensão organização do trabalho crítica, e quase metade dos participantes já pensaram em deixar sua carreira.

Resumo Este artigo analisa como a Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra (PNSIPN) tem sido implementada na atenção à saúde em três municípios do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo que faz parte da primeira etapa de uma pesquisa-ação, na qual foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 27 profissionais de unidades de Saúde da Família, Atenção Básica e Sede do Distrito Sanitário. Após análise de conteúdo, emergiram quatro categorias: Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS); Saúde da População Negra; Atenção à saúde na diversidade; e PNSIPN. Como resultado, os profissionais apresentaram entendimento superficial sobre a APS, apesar de a reconhecerem como porta de entrada. A relevância de uma atenção à saúde específica para a população negra foi desconsiderada, sob o argumento de que todos são iguais. A diversidade racial não foi reconhecida dentro do cotidiano, sendo o termo atrelado à diversidade LGBTQIA+ e aos ciclos de vida. O dado comum nos municípios foi o desconhecimento da PNSIPN e dos meios práticos para inseri-la no cotidiano do trabalho. A ausência da política para essa população no processo de planejamento e trabalho dos serviços revela a urgência da educação permanente em saúde para a apropriação do princípio de equidade pelas gestoras e profissionais.

Abstract This study analyzes how the National Policy on Comprehensive Health of the Black Population (PNSIPN) has been implemented in three municipalities in the state of Bahia, Brazil. This qualitative study is part of an ongoing action research, in which semi-structured interviews were performed with 27 professionals from family health, primary health care, and health district headquarters. Content analysis presented four categories: primary health care (PHC); Black health; health care in diversity; and PNSIPN. Health professionals showed a superficial understanding of PHC, despite recognizing it as a gateway. A specific health care for the Black population was considered irrelevant, on the grounds that everyone is equal. Diversity was linked to the LGBTQIA+ population and life cycles, but not to ethnicity or skin color. All municipalities lacked knowledge about the PNSIPN and the practical means to implement it in their daily work. Its absence in the services’ planning and work processes shows an urgent need for permanent education in health so that managers and professional can appropriate the principle of equity.

ABSTRACT Background: Chagas disease is gaining importance in the Brazilian Amazon region as a differential diagnosis of febrile syndrome. The most recent microoutbreak occurred in Ipixuna, in Amazonas state. Methods: An epidemiological survey was conducted using parasitological and serological tests, and electrocardiographic analysis. Results: The patients belonged to one family and had ingested açaí acquired from Ipixuna. All patients reported fever and initially a thick blood smear test was done to identify Trypanosoma cruzi. Benznidazole treatment was administered to all patients. Conclusions: Knowledge of the epidemiological dynamics of Chagas disease allows us to improve control and management measures for this disease.

Resumo Este artigo analisa como a Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra (PNSIPN) tem sido implementada na atenção à saúde em três municípios do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo que faz parte da primeira etapa de uma pesquisa-ação, na qual foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 27 profissionais de unidades de Saúde da Família, Atenção Básica e Sede do Distrito Sanitário. Após análise de conteúdo, emergiram quatro categorias: Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS); Saúde da População Negra; Atenção à saúde na diversidade; e PNSIPN. Como resultado, os profissionais apresentaram entendimento superficial sobre a APS, apesar de a reconhecerem como porta de entrada. A relevância de uma atenção à saúde específica para a população negra foi desconsiderada, sob o argumento de que todos são iguais. A diversidade racial não foi reconhecida dentro do cotidiano, sendo o termo atrelado à diversidade LGBTQIA+ e aos ciclos de vida. O dado comum nos municípios foi o desconhecimento da PNSIPN e dos meios práticos para inseri-la no cotidiano do trabalho. A ausência da política para essa população no processo de planejamento e trabalho dos serviços revela a urgência da educação permanente em saúde para a apropriação do princípio de equidade pelas gestoras e profissionais.

Abstract This study analyzes how the National Policy on Comprehensive Health of the Black Population (PNSIPN) has been implemented in three municipalities in the state of Bahia, Brazil. This qualitative study is part of an ongoing action research, in which semi-structured interviews were performed with 27 professionals from family health, primary health care, and health district headquarters. Content analysis presented four categories: primary health care (PHC); Black health; health care in diversity; and PNSIPN. Health professionals showed a superficial understanding of PHC, despite recognizing it as a gateway. A specific health care for the Black population was considered irrelevant, on the grounds that everyone is equal. Diversity was linked to the LGBTQIA+ population and life cycles, but not to ethnicity or skin color. All municipalities lacked knowledge about the PNSIPN and the practical means to implement it in their daily work. Its absence in the services’ planning and work processes shows an urgent need for permanent education in health so that managers and professional can appropriate the principle of equity.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Social distancing has led to lifestyle changes among older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence risk of sarcopenia (RS) and investigate its associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in older Brazilian adults. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional observational analysis of baseline data as part of the Remobilize Study. METHODS: Participants in the study were older adults (≥ 60 years), excluding those who were bedridden or institutionalized. The data collected consisted of answers about the RS (SARC-F), functional status, walking, sedentary behavior (SB), pain, comorbidity, and life space mobility. RESULTS: A total of 1,482 older adults (70 ± 8.14 years, 74% women) participated in the study, and an RS prevalence of 17.1% was found. (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.25–19.15%). The adjusted multivariate model showed a significant association between RS and functional limitation (odds ratio [OR]: 19.05; CI 13.00–28.32), comorbidity (OR: 5.11; CI 3.44–7.81), pain (OR: 4.56; CI 3.33–6.28), total walking (OR: 0.99; CI 0.99–1.00), SB of 8–10 hours (OR: 1.85; CI 1.15–2.93), and SB of > 10 hours (OR: 3.93; CI 2.48–6.22). RS was associated with mobility during the pandemic (OR: 0.97; CI 0.96–0.98). P < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS: During the pandemic, the prevalence of RS in older Brazilians was estimated at 17.1%. Moderate to severe functional limitation, comorbidities, presence of pain, walking, longer SB period, and reduced life space mobility significantly contributed to RS in older adults during the pandemic.

Resumo Introdução A mortalidade infantil ainda representa um desafio para os países em desenvolvimento. Objetivo Analisar a tendência da mortalidade infantil e seus componentes nos estados do Nordeste brasileiro entre 2001 e 2015. Método Estudo ecológico envolvendo quatro indicadores de mortalidade infantil: geral, neonatal precoce, neonatal tardia e pós-neonatal. Foi aplicado o modelo de regressão por pontos de inflexão (joinpoint regression). A tendência foi classificada em crescente, decrescente ou estacionária. Calculou-se o Percentual de Variação Anual (APC, Annual Percent Change), considerando Intervalo de Confiança de 95%. Resultados Foi observada tendência decrescente da mortalidade infantil geral no Nordeste (-3,9%) e em todos os estados, sendo Pernambuco com maior redução (-5,2%). Na mortalidade neonatal precoce, somente o Maranhão apresentou tendência estacionária (-0,2%). Na mortalidade neonatal tardia, Maranhão, Piauí, Paraíba e Sergipe apresentaram padrão estacionário. A mortalidade pós-neonatal foi a que apresentou maior redução, tendo destaque Alagoas (-8,6%) e Pernambuco (-7,6%). No Nordeste, esse componente apresentou variação anual de -6,1%. A partir do final da primeira década, a mortalidade pós-neonatal apresentou padrão estacionário no Nordeste, destacando-se Maranhão, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte e Sergipe. Conclusão Embora tenha sido verificada redução da mortalidade infantil no Nordeste do Brasil, o comportamento estacionário em alguns estados configura motivo de preocupação, tendo em vista que os valores ainda são muito elevados quando comparados aos de locais desenvolvidos.

Abstract Background Infant mortality still represents a challenge for developing countries. Objective To assess the infant mortality trend and its components in the Brazilian Northeast states between 2001 and 2015. Method Ecological study consisting of four indicators of infant mortality were analyzed as following: general, early neonatal, late neonatal and post-neonatal mortalities. A regression analysis was applied to fit the inflection point (joinpoint regression). The trends were classified as increasing, decreasing or stationary. The Annual Percent Change (APC) was calculated considering a 95% confidence interval. Results Decreasing trend of overall infant mortality in the Northeast region (-3.9%) could be measured; the state of Pernambuco showed the greatest reduction (-5.2%). Regarding the early neonatal mortality, only the state of Maranhão showed stationary trends (-0.2%). With respect to the late neonatal mortality, the states of Maranhão, Piauí, Paraíba and Sergipe showed stationary pattern. The post-neonatal mortality presented the greatest reduction, being highlighted the values of this significant reduction in the states of Alagoas (-8.6) and Pernambuco (-7.6). Considering the entire region, this component showed an APC of -6.1%. At the end of the first decade, post-neonatal mortality showed a stationary pattern over the Northeast region, with the highest values in the states of Maranhão, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte and Sergipe. Conclusion Although it has been a reduction in infant mortality in Northeastern Brazil, the stationary pattern in some states produced reasons for concern, considering that rates are still very elevated when compared to developed areas.

Abstract Chagas disease (CD), with approximately 10,000 deaths annually, has become a worldwide health problem. Approximately 35% of cases may show cardiac manifestations such as arrhythmias and/or conduction disorders, heart failure, thromboembolic accidents, and sudden death. The Amazon region has long been considered a non-endemic area for CD; however, in the last decades, with an increase in the number of acute and chronic cases, disease evolution has received greater attention. Here, we report the successful implementation of a cardioverter-defibrillator for the prevention of sudden death in a patient with autochthonous Chagas cardiomyopathy in the Brazilian Amazon.

Resumo Estudo quantitativo transversal descritivo que tem o objetivo de avaliar a percepção do graduando em medicina sobre a importância do ensino da ética médica e mensurar seu conhecimento sobre a temática em universidade pública do Nordeste brasileiro. Por meio de questionário aplicado a 230 estudantes foi possível avaliar deficiências provocadas pela ausência do ensino formal da ética médica e discutir a necessidade de abordagens diversificadas do tema durante a graduação. Resultados mostram maior taxa de acertos entre graduandos que cursaram ao menos uma disciplina sobre ética médica, mas índice insatisfatório em ambos os grupos. Um terço dos discentes que não tiveram contato com a temática revelaram não se sentir prejudicados por essa lacuna e 25,6% da amostra sequer valorizou a importância do tema em relação a outras disciplinas da graduação. Assim, torna-se necessário rever as estratégias do ensino médico para garantir melhores profissionais no futuro.

Abstract This descriptive cross–sectional study aimed to evaluate the medical student’s perception of the importance of medical ethics being taught and to measure their knowledge about the subject in a public university in the Northeast of Brazil. Through a questionnaire, applied to 230 undergraduates, it was possible to evaluate deficits caused by the absence of formal medical ethics education and to discuss the need for diversified approaches to the subject during graduation. Results show a higher rate of correct answers among undergraduates who attended at least one discipline on medical ethics; whereas they indicated an unsatisfactory rate of success in both groups. One third of the undergraduates who did not have contact with the subject revealed that they did not feel put at a disadvantaged by this gap, and 25.6% of the sample did not value the importance of the subject in comparison to other undergraduate subjects. Therefore, it is necessary to review medical education strategies to ensure better professionals in the future.

Resumen Estudio cuantitativo transversal descriptivo que tiene el objetivo de evaluar la percepción del estudiante de medicina sobre la importancia de la enseñanza de la ética médica y mensurar su conocimiento sobre la temática en una universidad pública del Nordeste brasileño. A través de un cuestionario aplicado a 230 estudiantes fue posible evaluar las deficiencias provocadas por la ausencia de la enseñanza formal de la ética médica y discutir la necesidad de abordajes diversificados del tema durante el grado. Los resultados muestran una mayor tasa de aciertos entre los estudiantes que cursaron al menos una disciplina sobre ética médica, pero un índice insatisfactorio en ambos grupos. Un tercio de los estudiantes que no tuvieron contacto con la temática revelaron no sentirse perjudicados por esa laguna, y el 25.6% de la muestra ni siquiera valora la importancia del tema en relación con otras disciplinas de la carrera. Así, se hace necesario revisar las estrategias de la formación médica para garantizar mejores profesionales en el futuro.

Abstract Essential oils (EOs) are a promising alternative for food preservation and can be used instead of synthetic antimicrobial compounds such as sanitizers, as long as they are efficient and safe. In view of this possibility of use, Lippia alba (Mill) (LAEO) and Cymbopogon citratus D.C. Stapf. (CCEO) essential oils were evaluated as natural antimicrobials and applied into coriander for its biocontrol. The EOs were extracted and their physical properties, total phenolics, cytotoxicity to Artemia salina L. and antimicrobial potential in vitro and on natural coriander microbiota were determined. The EOs had a LD50 (median lethal dose - checked), are considered biologically active. MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) varied from 1.25 to 5.00 μL/ mL and from 0.62 to 5.00 μL/ mL for LAEO and CCEO, respectively, on standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Thyphimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. The lowest MIC values for LAEO and CCEO were selected for application in coriander. EOs reduced the pathogenic microbial load in the coriander revealing its potential as a natural sanitizer, and thus demonstrating superior or equivalent efficacy to commercial sanitizer. By correlating the cytotoxic and antimicrobial results obtained, we have shown that these EOs present potential for application in foods.

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify persistence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and components in overweight children and adolescents, as well as its relation to socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and to the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) score. Method: a two-point longitudinal study: at enrollment and after a 24-month interval, with 133 individuals ages from two to 18 years. The demographic anthropomorphic and blood variables were evaluated. Analysis was carried out by simple and paired association tests, as well as multiple logistic regression. Results: persistent MetS was observed in 38.3% of the sample, associated cardiovascular risk (ACR) in 79.7%, reduction in arterial pressure and do HDL-c. After adjusting for age and sex, excess weight (ExpB: 0.182; CI: 0.059-0.561), low HDL-c (ExpB: 9.247; CI: 1.157-73.930) and high LDL-c (ExpB:1.915; CI: 0.921-3.979) were associated with persistent MetS. Conclusion: persistent MetS was associated with obesity, HDL-c and LDL-c, but not with the PDAY score.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar persistencia del síndrome metabólico (SM) y componentes en niños y adolescentes con exceso de peso, además de su relación con características socioeconómicas, demográficas y con el puntaje de Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY). Método: Estudio longitudinal con dos ítems: reclutamiento y 24 meses con 133 individuos de entre 2 y 18 años. Evaluadas variables socioeconómicas, demográficas, antropométricas y sanguíneas. Realizado análisis mediante tests de asociación simple y pareada, además de regresión logística múltiple. Resultados: Se verificó persistencia de SM en 38,3% de muestra, riesgo cardiovascular asociado (RCV) en 79,7%, reducción de presión arterial y HDL-c. Ajustados por edad y sexo, el exceso de peso (ExpB: 0,182; IC: 0,059-0,561), el bajo HDL-c (ExpB:9,247; IC:1,157-73,930) y el elevado LDL-c (ExpB:1,915; IC: 0,921-3,979) se mostraron asociados a la SM persistente. Conclusión: El SM persistente estuvo asociado al exceso de peso, HDL-c y LDL-c, pero no con el puntaje PDAY.

RESUMO Objetivo: verificar a persistência da síndrome metabólica (SM) e componentes em crianças e adolescentes com excesso de peso, além de sua relação com características socioeconômicas, demográficas e com o escore Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY). Método: estudo longitudinal com dois pontos: recrutamento e 24 meses com 133 indivíduos entre dois e 18 anos. Foram avaliadas variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas, antropométricas e sanguíneas. Realizou-se análise através de testes de associação simples e pareado, além de regressão logística múltipla. Resultados: verificou-se persistência de SM em 38,3% da amostra, risco cardiovascular associado (RCV) em 79,7%, redução da pressão arterial e do HDL-c. Ajustados por idade e sexo, o excesso de peso (ExpB: 0,182; IC: 0,059-0,561), o baixo HDL-c (ExpB: 9,247; IC: 1,157-73,930) e o elevado LDL-c (ExpB:1,915; IC: 0,921-3,979) mostraram-se associados à SM persistente. Conclusão: a SM persistente teve associação com o excesso de peso, HDL-c e LDL-c, mas não com o escore PDAY.

RESUMO Objetivo: verificar a persistência da síndrome metabólica (SM) e componentes em crianças e adolescentes com excesso de peso, além de sua relação com características socioeconômicas, demográficas e com o escore Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY). Método: estudo longitudinal com dois pontos: recrutamento e 24 meses com 133 indivíduos entre dois e 18 anos. Foram avaliadas variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas, antropométricas e sanguíneas. Realizou-se análise através de testes de associação simples e pareado, além de regressão logística múltipla. Resultados: verificou-se persistência de SM em 38,3% da amostra, risco cardiovascular associado (RCV) em 79,7%, redução da pressão arterial e do HDL-c. Ajustados por idade e sexo, o excesso de peso (ExpB: 0,182; IC: 0,059-0,561), o baixo HDL-c (ExpB: 9,247; IC: 1,157-73,930) e o elevado LDL-c (ExpB:1,915; IC: 0,921-3,979) mostraram-se associados à SM persistente. Conclusão: a SM persistente teve associação com o excesso de peso, HDL-c e LDL-c, mas não com o escore PDAY.

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify persistence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and components in overweight children and adolescents, as well as its relation to socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and to the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) score. Method: a two-point longitudinal study: at enrollment and after a 24-month interval, with 133 individuals ages from two to 18 years. The demographic anthropomorphic and blood variables were evaluated. Analysis was carried out by simple and paired association tests, as well as multiple logistic regression. Results: persistent MetS was observed in 38.3% of the sample, associated cardiovascular risk (ACR) in 79.7%, reduction in arterial pressure and do HDL-c. After adjusting for age and sex, excess weight (ExpB: 0.182; CI: 0.059-0.561), low HDL-c (ExpB: 9.247; CI: 1.157-73.930) and high LDL-c (ExpB:1.915; CI: 0.921-3.979) were associated with persistent MetS. Conclusion: persistent MetS was associated with obesity, HDL-c and LDL-c, but not with the PDAY score.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar persistencia del síndrome metabólico (SM) y componentes en niños y adolescentes con exceso de peso, además de su relación con características socioeconómicas, demográficas y con el puntaje de Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY). Método: Estudio longitudinal con dos ítems: reclutamiento y 24 meses con 133 individuos de entre 2 y 18 años. Evaluadas variables socioeconómicas, demográficas, antropométricas y sanguíneas. Realizado análisis mediante tests de asociación simple y pareada, además de regresión logística múltiple. Resultados: Se verificó persistencia de SM en 38,3% de muestra, riesgo cardiovascular asociado (RCV) en 79,7%, reducción de presión arterial y HDL-c. Ajustados por edad y sexo, el exceso de peso (ExpB: 0,182; IC: 0,059-0,561), el bajo HDL-c (ExpB:9,247; IC:1,157-73,930) y el elevado LDL-c (ExpB:1,915; IC: 0,921-3,979) se mostraron asociados a la SM persistente. Conclusión: El SM persistente estuvo asociado al exceso de peso, HDL-c y LDL-c, pero no con el puntaje PDAY.

Ni-Co ferrites, especially the ones with lower cobalt fractions, are candidate materials for applications in magnetomechanical sensors and electromagnetic wave absorbers. This work studied the microstructure, magnetostriction, flexural strength, and complex magnetic permeability of Ni0.9Co0.1Fe2O4, presenting data that weren't covered by previous literature on this composition. It was found that sieving the calcined powder before the forming operation increased the flexural strength of the ceramic. The Ni-Co ferrite had a saturation magnetostriction of 36ppm. The real part of the complex magnetic permeability varied between 2.2-2.3 in frequencies from 100MHz to 1GHz. In frequencies higher than 1GHz, µ' decreased sharply and reached 1 at 3.9GHz. It was found that the grinding media provided a small fraction of Al to the ferrite composition, which apparently affected the complex magnetic permeability of the material but the magnetostriction results were very close to Al-free Ni-Co ferrites with similar composition.

Resumo Contexto Os benefícios para a saúde decorrentes da prática regular de atividade física estão bem documentados. Entretanto, são raros os estudos associando essa prática ao comportamento sedentário e ao risco cardiovascular em adolescentes. Objetivos Pretende-se avaliar a prática de atividade física, o comportamento sedentário e a associação com o risco cardiovascular mensurado pelo escore Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY). Métodos Estudo transversal desenvolvido nas escolas públicas estaduais de Campina Grande, PB, Brasil, com 576 adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos, incluindo variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas, de estilo de vida e clínicas. Os dados foram coletados através de formulário validado, antropometria, aferição da pressão arterial e exames laboratoriais. Foram utilizadas medidas descritivas, teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson e regressão logística binomial. Trabalhou-se com o SPSS 22.0 se adotou intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados A idade média foi de 16,8 anos. A maioria dos adolescentes era do sexo feminino (66,8%), não branco (78.7%) e pertencente às classes C, D e (69,1%). Quanto ao sedentarismo e à insuficiência de atividade física, as prevalências foram de 78,1% e 60,2%, respectivamente. De acordo com o escore PDAY, 10,4% dos adolescentes apresentaram alto risco cardiovascular; 31,8% risco intermediário; e 57,8%, risco baixo. Verificou-se que PDAY esteve associado ao sexo e à adiposidade abdominal. Conclusões Ficou comprovado que adiposidade abdominal e sexo masculino representam importantes fatores de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes. Considerando-se a presença de um fator de risco modificável, medidas preventivas voltadas ao estilo de vida são essenciais.

Abstract Background The health benefits of regular physical activity are well documented. However, there are few studies associating this practice with sedentary behavior and cardiovascular risk in adolescents. Objectives To evaluate physical activity levels and sedentary behavior and their associations with cardiovascular risk using the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) score Methods A cross-sectional study carried out in state-owned public schools in Campina Grande, PB, Brazil, with 576 adolescents aged 15 to 19 years, investigating socioeconomic; demographic; lifestyle; and clinical variables. Data were collected using a validated form covering anthropometry data; blood pressure measurements; and laboratory tests. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's chi-square test, and binomial logistic regression using SPSS 22.0 and adopting a 95% confidence interval. Results Mean age was 16.8 years. The majority of the adolescents were female (66.8%); non-white (78.7%); and belonged to socioeconomic classes C, D and E (69.1%). The prevalence rates of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity were 78.1% and 60.2%, respectively. According to the PDAY score, 10.4% of adolescents were at high cardiovascular risk and 31.8% and 57.8% were at intermediate risk and low risk, respectively. PDAY scores were associated with sex and abdominal adiposity. Conclusions It was found that abdominal fat and being male were important cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents. Considering that modifiable risk factors were present, preventive measures aimed at lifestyle changes are essential.