Abstract Background This study aimed to analyze the Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) rates and antimicrobial consumption in Intensive Care Units (ICU) in São Paulo city during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare them with the pre-pandemic period. Methods This cohort included all hospitals that reported HAI rates (Central-Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection ‒ CLABSI and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia ‒ VAP), the proportion of microorganisms that caused CLABSI, the proportion of resistant microorganisms, and antimicrobial consumption from January 2017 ‒ December 2020. Hospitals were stratified by the number of beds, Central Venous Catheter (CVC) utilization rate, Mechanical-Ventilation (MV) utilization rate, and type of funding. Statistical analyses were based on time-series plots and regression models. Results 220 ICUs were included. The authors observed an abrupt increase in CLABSI rates after the pandemic onset. High CLABSI rates during the pandemic were associated with hospital size, funding (public and non-profit private), and low CVC use (≤ 50%). An increase in VAP rates was associated with public hospitals, and high MV use (> 35%). The susceptibility profile of microorganisms did not differ from that of the pre-pandemic period. polymyxin, glycopeptides, and antifungal use increased, especially in COVID-19 ICUs. Conclusions HAI increased during COVID-19. The microorganisms’ susceptibility profile did not change with the pandemic, but the authors observed a disproportionate increase in large-spectrum antimicrobial drug use.

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the incidence and risk factors for hospital readmission and infection during the months after COVID-19 hospital admission. Methods: This prospective study included adult patients who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 and had been discharged from April 2020 to August 2020. All patients had a medical evaluation with a structured questionnaire 6 to 11 months after hospital admission. The authors included only patients with confirmed COVID-19 by RT-PCR. Patients with pregnant/postpartum women, with a proven COVID-19 reinfection or incapable of answering the questionnaire were excluded. Results: A total of 822 patients completed the follow-up assessment, and 68% reportedat least one recurrent symptom related to COVID-19. The most frequent symptom was myalgia (42%). Thirty-two percent of patients visited an emergency room after COVID-19 hospitalization, and 80 (10%) patients required re-hospitalization. Risk factors for hospital readmission were orotracheal intubation during COVID-19 hospitalization (p = 0.003, OR = 2.14), Charlson score (p = 0.002, OR = 1.21), congestive heart failure (p = 0.005, OR = 2.34), peripheral artery disease (p = 0.06, OR= 2.06) and persistent diarrhea after COVID-19 hospitalization discharge (p= 0.02, OR = 1.91). The main cause of hospital readmission was an infection, 43 (54%). Pneumonia was the most frequent infection (29%). Conclusions: The presence of symptoms after six months of COVID-19 diagnosis was frequent, and hospital readmission was relatively high. HIGHLIGHTS 32% of the patients visited an emergency room after COVID-19 hospitalization. The rate of hospital readmission after COVID-19 hospitalization is high, in the present sample 10% of patients needed a second hospitalization in 6-months Patients with persistent diarrhea after COVID-19 discharge had two times more chance to have another hospitalization in the next 6-months.

Resumo: Devido às condições climáticas atuais e preocupações quanto à geração de energia por fontes renováveis, a energia eólica torna-se uma alternativa para atender a demanda energética existente. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as regiões mais promissoras do Estado do Rio de Janeiro para implantação de parques eólicos geradores de energia elétrica. Como ferramenta de estudo, pretende-se utilizar o Método de Análise Hierárquica (AHP), devido à sua praticidade, para auxiliar na avaliação das regiões no atlas eólico do estado identificando a viabilidade de instalação de plantas geradoras com base em aspectos logísticos, técnicos e econômicos. Três regiões aptas à instalação de parques eólicos foram avaliadas segundo os seguintes critérios: potencial gerador, custo do terreno, custo de interligação à rede, espaços para implementação e logística do terreno-relevo. Contatou-se que para a Região Serrana, indica-se a instalação um parque eólico que opere a 50 metros de altura, pois esta possui potencial suficiente apenas para equipamentos com esta altura. Na região dos Lagos, o indicado é que se utilize aerogeradores de 75 metros de altura, destacando-a como a mais promissora para a esta altura de equipamento, além de possuir a melhor capacidade logística das três áreas. Por ter uma área potencial mais extensa que as demais, a região Norte proporciona uma produção total maior, também levando em consideração sua maior eficiência nos aerogeradores a 100 metros de altura, considerando esta região como a mais adequada. Cabe destacar que, nesta região, há potencial para instalação em todas as alturas apresentadas, esquadrinhando os resultados obtidos.

Abstract: Due to the current climatic conditions and concerns about the energy generation by renewable sources, wind energy becomes an alternative to meet the existing energy demand. This paper aims to analyze the most promising regions of the State of Rio de Janeiro for the implementation of wind farms for electricity generation. As an analysis tool, we intend to use the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), due to its practicality, to assist in the state’s wind power atlas regions evaluation, identifying generating farms installation feasibility based on logistical, technical and economic aspects. Three suitable regions for wind farms installation were evaluated according to the following criteria: potencial for generation, land cost, interconnection cost to the grid, implementing zones e terrain-landform logistics. It was found that, for the Serrana Region, it is indicated the installation of a wind farm that operates at 50 meters in height, because it only has enough potential for equipment with this height. In the Lakes Region, it is appropriate to use wind turbines of 75 meters in height, highlighting it as the most promising for this equipment height, besides having the best logistics capacity of the three regions. Because it has a greater potential area than the other, the North Region provides a greater total production, also taking into account its greater efficiency in the aerogenerators to 100 meters of height, considering this region as the most appropriate. It is worth highlighting that, in this region, there is potential for installation in all the heights presented, scrutinizing the results obtained.

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO As disparidades estruturais entre diferentes regiões brasileiras no sistema de saúde pública fazem com que os pacientes migrem em busca de melhores condições para tratar suas doenças. Além do desconforto do paciente, há uma concentração de cuidados em grandes centros, causando sobrecarga da capacidade atual. OBJETIVO Avaliar o fluxo migratório e fatores associados em um serviço de referência em oncologia. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal realizado em um serviço de oncologia de referência na região do Grande ABC, em São Paulo. Os pacientes foram entrevistados e dados clínicos e demográficos coletados. RESULTADOS Entre março e julho de 2016 foram incluídos 217 pacientes. A análise mostrou uma divergência entre o código de endereçamento postal registrado no prontuário médico e o registrado durante a entrevista em aproximadamente 10% dos casos. Desses, 42,9% eram residentes de outros estados. A busca de tratamento motivou a maioria dos pacientes a buscar serviços fora de sua cidade. CONCLUSÃO Os resultados refletem a busca informal de cuidados médicos fora da área de residência. Além do impacto direto na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, o fluxo migratório tem um impacto econômico-social porque esses pacientes colocam um fardo e impõem custos aos serviços das cidades onde não executam suas responsabilidades como cidadãos. A confirmação da existência de um fluxo migratório significativo demonstra a necessidade de discutir a reestruturação das políticas de saúde pública.

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Structural disparities between different Brazilian regions in public health system cause patients to migrate in search of better conditions to treat their diseases. Besides patient’s discomfort, there is a concentration of care in large centres, causing overload to current capacity. OBJECTIVE To evaluate migratory flow and associated factors in a reference service in oncology. METHODS Cross-sectional study conducted at a referral oncology service in Great ABC region of São Paulo. Patients were interviewed, and clinical and demographic data collected. RESULTS Between March-July 2016, 217 patients were included. Analysis showed a divergence between the postal code registered in the medical record and that recorded during the interview in approximately 10% of cases. Of these, 42.9% were residents of other states. Search for treatment motivated most patients to seek service outside their city. CONCLUSION Results reflect the informal search for medical care outside the home area. Besides the direct impact on patients’ quality of life, migratory flow has an economic-social impact because these patients place a burden and impose costs on services of cities where they do not perform their responsibilities as citizens. Confirmation of the existence of a significant migratory flow demonstrates the need to discuss restructuring public health policies.

OBJETIVO: No presente trabalho avaliamos o impacto da presença de transtorno psiquiátrico pré-cirúrgico sobre o prognóstico cirúrgico em pacientes com epilepsia do lobo temporal e esclerose mesial temporal (ELT-EMT). METODOLOGIA: Analisamos, retrospectivamente, os dados de 115 pacientes com ELT-EMT (65 mulheres, 56,5%) tratados cirurgicamente (corticoamigdalohipocampectomia). As avaliações psiquiátricas foram feitas de acordo com os critérios DSM-IV. O prognóstico favorável foi definido como ausência de crises desde a cirurgia (Engel IA). RESULTADOS: Dos 115 pacientes tratados, 45 (42,6%) tiveram prognóstico favorável e 47 (40,8%) apresentavam transtorno psiquiátrico pré-operatório. A presença de depressão (OR=5,11; p=0,004) foi associada ao prognóstico cirúrgico desfavorável. CONCLUSÃO: A presença de depressão durante a avaliação psiquiátrica pré-operatória é um fator preditivo de prognóstico desfavorável em pacientes com ELT-EMT.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims at verifying the impact of pre-surgical PD on seizure outcome in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy and mesial temporal sclerosis (TLE-MTS). METHODS: After previous consent, retrospective data from 115 surgically treated (corticoamygdalohyppocampectomy) TLE-MTS patients (65 females; 56.5%) were analyzed. Psychiatric evaluations were performed through DSM-IV criteria. Engel IA was established as a favorable prognosis. RESULTS: Forty-five patients (41.6%) were classified as Engel IA, while 47 (40.8%) presented pre-surgical PD. Depression (OR=5.11; p=0.004) appeared as a risk factor associated to a non-favorable seizure outcome. CONCLUSION: In patients with refractory TLE-MTS, the presence of depression predicts an unfavorable outcome.