Abstract We evaluate how the concentrations of inorganic nutrients and chlorophyll a vary in a heterogeneous area (Equatorial SW Atlantic), covering a gradient from stations closer to the coast to others more distant associated or not with turbid-zone reefs. Vertical temperature (27.9 ± 0.10 °C; mean ± standard deviation) and salinity (36.2 ± 0.14) profles showed that the water column is well mixed (0-30 m depth). The oligotrophic condition was marked by low concentrations of phosphate (0.30 ± 0.22 µM) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (0.64 ± 0.74 µM). Moreover, dissolved reactive silicon (DSi) was low in most samples (< 2.0 µM), but higher (>10 µM) in nearshore stations, probably related to continental runoff and/or resuspension of the bottom sediments. The pelagic phytoplankton biomass indicated that chlorophyll a (0.25 ± 0.08 µg L-1) was low, positively correlated with light and negatively correlated with nutrients, indicating possible phytoplankton uptake. Chlorophyll a concentrations were lower in stations closer to the coast and higher in some stations near the reefs, indicating that the latter could be more prone to phytoplankton development and depletion of nutrients, especially DSi. Therefore, although oligotrophy is present along this coast, we found some unexpected heterogeneity of nutrient and chlorophyll a distributions, which were probably infuenced by benthic-pelagic coupling due to the presence of extensive reefs, sponge gardens (18-30 m depth), and the proximity to the coast. These results highlight the importance of understanding the heterogeneity of ocean productivity, especially in lesser known low-latitude areas, which showed distinct nutrient and chlorophyll a levels related to the occurrence of tropical reefs that are capable of supporting important fsh stocks and unique biological communities.

Abstract Knowledge about the prevalence of concussion in combat sports is important information to keep athletes’ and practitioners’ physical integrity in different modalities such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ). Therefore, this study aimed to compare concussions incidence in BJJ between men and women practitioners. A randomized sample of 779 (689 men and 90 women) BJJ practitioners (age: 32.4± 9.8 years, training-time: 57.3± 54.4 months, training frequency: 3.4± 1.3 times/week). The injury analysis was done using a questionnaire with demographic data and a survey about concussions. The main results showed that women had a significantly higher frequency of concussions in training than men [38 (41%) women vs 147 men (20,5%); p ≤ 0.001]. Furthermore, women had a significantly higher frequency of loss of consciousness than men [13 (8.8%) men vs 4 (11%) women; p = 0.009], among the symptoms resulting from a concussion, headache, dizziness, and loss of balance, represented the most common symptoms in those affected by concussion, regardless of gender. The results of this study may be helpful to athletes, coaches, and federations to prevent this type of injury, mainly in women.

ABSTRACT Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a highly contagious viral disease commonly associated to Enteroviruses (EV). During 2018, Brazil faced massive HFMD outbreaks spread across the country. This study aimed to characterize the EV responsible for the HFMD outbreak that occurred in Paraiba State, Brazilian Northeastern region, in 2018, followed by a phylogenetic analysis to detail information on its genetic diversity. A total of 49 serum samples (one from each patient) collected from children ≤ 15 years old, clinically diagnosed with HFMD were tested for EV using conventional RT-PCR and RT-qPCR. EV infection was confirmed in 71.4% (35/49) of samples. The mean and median ages were 1.83 years and one year old, respectively. Twenty-two EV-positive samples were successfully sequenced and classified as EV-A species; 13 samples were also identified with the CV-A6 genotype. The phylogenetic analysis (VP1 region) of three samples revealed that the detected CV-A6 strains belonged to sub-lineage D3. The CV-A6 strains detected here clustered with strains from South America, Europe and West Asia strains that were also involved in HFMD cases during the 2017-2018 seasons, in addition to the previously detected Brazilian CV-A6 strains from 2012 to 2017, suggesting a global co-circulation of a set of different CV-A6 strains introduced in the country at different times. The growing circulation of the emerging CV-A6 associated with HFMD, together with the detection of more severe cases worldwide, suggests the need for a more intense surveillance system of HFMD in Brazil. In addition, this investigation was performed exclusively on serum samples, and the analysis of whole blood samples should be considered and could have shown advantages when employed in the diagnosis of enteroviral HFMD outbreaks.

Abstract Exogenous application of stress inductors can facilitate and accelerate some biological responses that promote plant defense. The objective of the experiment was to quantify some compounds linked to nitrogen metabolism as a function of the application of salicylic acid in Schinus terebinthifolius seedlings submitted to water deficit. The experiment was constituted of four doses of salicylic acid and three periods of water deficit. Quantifications included levels of nitrate, free ammonium, total soluble amino acids, proteins, proline, glycine-betaine and relative water content. When evaluating the relative water content in seedlings of Schinus terebinthifolius at 8 days, it was observed that the dose of 200 mg L-1. Seedlings showed physiological responses when subjected to doses of salicylic acid of 200 and 300 mg L-1. The increase in concentration of proline and glycine are advantageous, because these substances act as osmoregulators and cell protectors against deficit hydrical.

OBJETIVO: Comparar o perfil de características oculares e sistêmicas de uma série de pacientes com sequência de Möbius do Brasil com uma da Itália. MÉTODOS: Esse estudo multicêntrico incluiu 46 pacientes com sequencia de Möbius do Brasil e 20 da Itália. As características dos perfis sociodemográfico, gestacional e neonatal foram coletadas a partir de entrevistas com os responsáveis dos pacientes e comparadas. Os pacientes foram submetidos a um exame oftalmológico e malformações sistêmicas foram avaliadas. RESULTADOS: O misoprostol foi usado no primeiro trimestre da gestação por 26 (56,5%) mães brasileiras e por nenhuma italiana. A média de idade dos pacientes brasileiros com sequência de Möbius foi de 89,95 ± 7,79 meses e dos italianos 102,6 ± 22,94 meses (P=0,6105; teste de Mann-Whitney). Mães brasileiras tinham significantemente menor escolaridade (P=0,0002; teste exato de Fisher) e mães italianas tinha relacionamentos estáveis mais frequentemente (P=0,0002; teste exato de Fisher). A frequência de anormalidades oculares e sistêmicas foi semelhante entre as séries. CONCLUSÃO: Eventos adversos durante a gestação variaram entre os grupos. O uso de misoprostol pelas mães precocemente na gestação foi relatado apenas por mães brasileiras, que tinham menor escolaridade e status conjugal estável menos frequentemente. Achados clínicos foram semelhantes entre os grupos.

PURPOSE: To compare the profiles and clinical findings of a series of patients with Möbius sequence from Brazil with a series from Italy. METHODS: This is a multicenter study, which includes 46 Möbius sequence patients from Brazil and 20 from Italy. Socio-demographic, gestational, and neonatal profile characteristics were collected from interviews with the guardians of the Möbius sequence patients and compared. The Möbius sequence patients were submitted to an ophthalmologic examination and systemic malformations were also evaluated. RESULTS: Misoprostol was used in the first trimester of pregnancy by 26 (56.5%) of the mothers of the Möbius sequence patients in the Brazilian series and was not used by any of the Italian mothers. The mean age of the Brazilian Möbius sequence patients was 89.95 ± 7.79 months and the mean age of the Italian patients was 102.6 ± 22.94 months (P=0.6105; Mann-Whitney test). Brazilian mothers had a significantly lower education level (P=0.0002; Fisher's exact test) and Italian mothers had significantly more stable relationships (p=0.0002; Fisher's exact test). The frequency of ocular and systemic abnormalities was similar in both series. CONCLUSION: Adverse events during pregnancy varied between both groups. A history of misoprostol use during early pregnancy was present only in Brazilian mothers, who had lower levels of education and less frequent stable marital statuses. Clinical findings were similar between both groups of patients.

This study has as objective to describe the experience of being mother of an autistic child. A qualitative approach was accomplished according to the phenomenological concepts of Martin Heidegger. Fourteen mothers of autistic children had been interviewed, with semi-structured questions, tape-recorded and transcribed integrally. The local of data collection was the AMA-PI with data produced in May, 2006. The analysis revealed that mothers who live the facticity of having an autistic child is permeated by negative feelings, faith and solitudeness. Mothers also leave their dalily life to live their children's daily live. When assuming their existential condition - to be -in the world and to be mother of a autistic child, they begin to understand how to be capable to fight for their children's well-being, without complaints, demonstrating self-denial, patience and concern.

Este estudio que objetivó describir la experiencia de ser-madre del un niño autísta. El abordaje cualitativo fue utilizado según el referencial fenomenológico de Martín Heidegger. Catorce madres de niños autístas fueron entrevistadas con preguntas abiertas, grabadas y transcritas en la integra. El escenario de la investigación fue el AMA-PI y los datos producidos en mayo de 2006. El análisis reveló las madres viven profundamente la facticidad de tener un hijo autísta la cual es permeada por sensaciones negativas, fe y la soledad. Las madres tanbién dejam vivir su vida diaria para vivir la vida diaria de sus hijos. Al asumir la condición existencial - estar -en el mundo y ser madre de un niño autísta, ellas comenzan a comprender cómo son capazes de luchar por lo bien-estar de sus hojos, sin quejas, demuenstrando abnegación, paciencia y preocupación.

Este estudo objetivou descrever a vivência de ser-mãe de criança autista. Utilizou-se abordagem qualitativa e referencial fenomenológico com conceitos de Martin Heidegger. Foram entrevistadas 14 mães de crianças autistas, com perguntas abertas, gravadas e transcritas na íntegra. O cenário foi a AMA-PI e dados produzidos em maio de 2006. A análise revela que as mães vivenciam a facticidade de ter um filho autista permeada por sentimentos de nulidade, fé e solidão. As mães também deixam de viver o seu cotidiano para viverem o cotidiano do filho. Ao assumirem sua condição existencial -estar-no-mundo e ser mãe de uma criança autista, passam a se compreenderem como ser capaz de lutar pelo bem-estar do filho, sem queixas, demonstrando abnegação, paciência e preocupação.

Este estudo objetivou descrever a vivência de ser-mãe de criança autista. Utilizou-se abordagem qualitativa e referencial fenomenológico com conceitos de Martin Heidegger. Foram entrevistadas 14 mães de crianças autistas, com perguntas abertas, gravadas e transcritas na íntegra. O cenário foi a AMA-PI e dados produzidos em maio de 2006. A análise revela que as mães vivenciam a facticidade de ter um filho autista permeada por sentimentos de nulidade, fé e solidão. As mães também deixam de viver o seu cotidiano para viverem o cotidiano do filho. Ao assumirem sua condição existencial -estar-no-mundo e ser mãe de uma criança autista, passam a se compreenderem como ser capaz de lutar pelo bem-estar do filho, sem queixas, demonstrando abnegação, paciência e preocupação.

This study has as objective to describe the experience of being mother of an autistic child. A qualitative approach was accomplished according to the phenomenological concepts of Martin Heidegger. Fourteen mothers of autistic children had been interviewed, with semi-structured questions, tape-recorded and transcribed integrally. The local of data collection was the AMA-PI with data produced in May, 2006. The analysis revealed that mothers who live the facticity of having an autistic child is permeated by negative feelings, faith and solitudeness. Mothers also leave their dalily life to live their children's daily live. When assuming their existential condition - to be -in the world and to be mother of a autistic child, they begin to understand how to be capable to fight for their children's well-being, without complaints, demonstrating self-denial, patience and concern.

Este estudio que objetivó describir la experiencia de ser-madre del un niño autísta. El abordaje cualitativo fue utilizado según el referencial fenomenológico de Martín Heidegger. Catorce madres de niños autístas fueron entrevistadas con preguntas abiertas, grabadas y transcritas en la integra. El escenario de la investigación fue el AMA-PI y los datos producidos en mayo de 2006. El análisis reveló las madres viven profundamente la facticidad de tener un hijo autísta la cual es permeada por sensaciones negativas, fe y la soledad. Las madres tanbién dejam vivir su vida diaria para vivir la vida diaria de sus hijos. Al asumir la condición existencial - estar -en el mundo y ser madre de un niño autísta, ellas comenzan a comprender cómo son capazes de luchar por lo bien-estar de sus hojos, sin quejas, demuenstrando abnegación, paciencia y preocupación.

O presente trabalho foi realizado na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) do Hospital Regional de São José Dr. Homero de Miranda Gomes (HRSJHMG) com o objetivo de observar a aplicabilidade e a exatidão do sistema preditivo Acute Phisiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) nos pacientes cirúrgicos desta unidade, comparar os resultados obtidos com aqueles observados em outros centros, e, talvez, como principal objetivo, servir como um parâmetro basal para a performance desta UTI, no que refere à abordagem/tratamento do paciente cirúrgico. Trata-se de um estudo clínico pros- pectivo, não controlado, realizado na UTI do HRSJHMG. Foram estudados consecutivamente todos os pacientes cirúrgicos que necessitaram de cuidados intensivos por um período superior a 24 horas no período de janeiro a julho de 1996. Os principais resultados obtidos demonstraram haver uma boa correlação entre a mortalidade real (38,09%) e a prevista pelo sistema APACHE II (24,57%), apresentando uma relação entre a mortalidade real e a prevista (SRM) de 1,55.

In the last fifteen years, a series of studies developing a prognostic scoring system for the evaluation of critically il1 patients has been target. This project developed at the Hospital Regional de São José Dr. Homero de Miranda Gomes Intensive Care Unit evalvetd the APACHE II scoring system 's applicability and accuracy to surgical patients of this unit. All the surgical patients requiring intensive care for a period longer than 24 hours between January and July of 1996, were prospectively studied (n=84). The average age of the group was 52.7:1: 19.8 range between 13 and 86 years. Sixty one patients (72.62%) were male and 23 (27.38%) female. Fifty-six patients (66.67%) were submitted to emergency surgery and 28 patients (33.33%) to elective surgery. Thirthy-two patients (38.09%) died in the hospital. The predictive mortality of APACHE II scoring system was 24.6 %, with a Standardized Mortality Rate (SMR) of I .55. The SMR to the 30 or less APACHE II points patients was 1.36, while greater than 30 was 1.62. The APACHE II score for the group was the 17.16 (:I: 9.4). The APACHE II scoring system effectively predicted mortality for this group, mainly among the 30 points or less APACHE II point group.