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1.
Association of colonoscopy and histopathological findings of the canine large intestine and ileum abnormalities: 54 cases series
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Ferreira, Angélica C.
; Bicalho, Ana L.F.
; Pierezan, Felipe
; Marcelino, Sóstenes A.C.
; Wencesalu, Raphael R.
; Prestes, Rafaela S.
; Torres, Renato C.S.
; Nepomuceno, Anelise C.
.
RESUMO: A colonoscopia é uma técnica pouco invasiva utilizada para avaliação do intestino grosso por meio de inspeção direta da mucosa intestinal. Quando associada ao exame histopatológico, com a coleta de fragmentos do intestino, o diagnóstico definitivo pode ser obtido. O objetivo desse estudo retrospectivo foi associar os achados de exames de colonoscopia e histopatologia do intestino grosso e íleo em 54 cães com distúrbios gastrointestinais dos Hospitais Veterinários da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) e São Francisco de Assis. Na colonoscopia, as alterações mais frequentemente observadas foram edema, friabilidade e avermelhamento de mucosa. Quanto à distribuição de lesões por segmento intestinal, houve maior incidência de alterações inflamatórias, das quais foram as mais frequentes, com o infiltrado linfoplasmocitário sendo o mais comum em todos segmentos analisados (i.e. reto, cólon, ceco e íleo). O cólon ascendente e o reto foram os locais de alterações mais frequentes na colonoscopia e na histopatologia. Os pólipos hiperplásicos e o linfoma foram as lesões proliferativas de ocorrência mais comum. Houve baixa concordância entre as classificações por natureza e intensidade dos achados na colonoscopia e histopatologia. Assim, não foi possível associar alterações descritas nos exames histopatológicos quanto à natureza e intensidade das lesões utilizando a colonoscopia, o que leva à conclusão de que é essencial a realização de biópsias em todos os exames para conclusão diagnóstica.
ABSTRACT: Colonoscopy is a minimally invasive technique used to assess the large intestine through direct inspection of the intestinal mucosa. When associated with histopathological examination of fragments collected from the intestine, the definitive diagnosis can be obtained. This retrospective study evaluated colonoscopy and histopathological exams of the large intestine and ileum of dogs with gastrointestinal disorders admitted at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and the Veterinary Hospital São Francisco de Assis to determine the frequency of injuries, their distribution in the intestinal segments, and the relationship of the findings observed in these two analyzes. The colonoscopy and histopathological findings of the case series were described using absolute and relative frequencies, as well as nature and intensity classification of the findings. Cohen’s Kappa coefficient was obtained to assess the concordance of nature and intensity classifications between colonoscopy and histopathology, and its 95% confidence interval constructed. The analyses were performed using the Software SAS University Edition. It was observed a moderate agreement between the classification of the nature of the findings by endoscopy and histopathology (Kappa coefficient = 0.39, CI = 0.20-0.59). This can also be observed when assessing the frequency of similar diagnoses between the methods, since only 39 (72.22%) were consistent, i.e., 15 (22.78%) diagnoses differed depending on the nature of the finding, which could have a great influence on the final diagnosis if histopathology was disregarded. For the intensity of the injuries, little agreement was observed between the methods (Kappa coefficient = 0.1243, C = -0.05-0.30). This was even more evident in the frequency of similar diagnoses in terms of intensity, of which 20 (37.04%) were similar and 34 (62.96%) were different. Inflammatory affections are the most frequently observed alterations in the large intestine and ileum of dogs. The most common finding that reveals inflammatory changes is the lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. As for the proliferative and neoplastic lesions, adenomatous polyps and lymphoma were common. The most affected sites of the large intestine were the descending colon and the rectum. Findings such as edema and reddening of the mucosa were frequent by macroscopy. Although the changes observed by colonoscopy and histopathology may not be similar, these techniques are complementary, which makes biopsies mandatory for a diagnostic conclusion.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6741
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2.
Cardiovascular risk and bipolar disorder: factors associated with a positive coronary calcium score in patients with bipolar disorder type 1
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Wageck, Aline R.
; Torres, Felipe S.
; Gama, Clarissa S.
; Martins, Dayane S.
; Scotton, Ellen
; Reckziegel, Ramiro
; Costanzi, Monise
; Rosa, Regis G.
; Kapczinski, Flávio
; Kunz, Maurício
.
Objective: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in patients with bipolar disorder. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with positive coronary calcium score (CCS) in individuals with bipolar disorder type 1. Methods: Patients from the Bipolar Disorder Program at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil, underwent computed tomography scanning for calcium score measurement. Clinical and sociodemographic variables were compared between patients according to their CCS status: negative (CCS = 0) or positive (CCS > 0). Poisson regression analysis was used to examine the association of CCS with number of psychiatric hospitalizations. Results: Out of 41 patients evaluated, only 10 had a positive CCS. Individuals in the CCS-positive group were older (55.2±4.2 vs. 43.1±10.0 years; p = 0.001) and had more psychiatric hospitalizations (4.7±3.0 vs. 2.6±2.5; p = 0.04) when compared with CCS- negative subjects. The number of previous psychiatric hospitalizations correlated positively with CCS (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Age and number of psychiatric hospitalizations were significantly associated with higher CCS, which might be a potential method for diagnosis and stratification of cardiovascular disease in bipolar patients. There is a need for increased awareness of risk assessment in this population.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2253
1201 downloads
3.
CHANGES IN SECONDARY METABOLITES PROFILES AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE FRESH FRUITING BODIES OF Stereum hirsutum EXPOSED TO HIGH-DOSE UV-B RADIATION
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TORRES, SOLANGE
; CABRERA-PARDO, JAIMER
; ALONSO, FELIPE
; BUSTOS, EVELYN
; PÉREZ, CLAUDIA
; PALFNER, GOETZ
; HERNÁNDEZ, VÍCTOR
; URIARTE, EUGENIO
; BECERRA, JOSÉ
.
The present study aims to investigate the effects of ultraviolet radiation (type B) on the steroid and fatty acids content, phenolic compounds and biological activities of Stereum hirsutum wild fruiting bodies, which has been used by both Chinese and Korean folk medicine to treat cancer and recently as functional food. From another perspective, the distribution of steroid derivatives as well as fatty acids underwent significant changes after UV exposure over time. In our model of study UV-B radiation induced a decrease in the relative abundance of ergosterol derivatives while squalene increased. We also detected that UVB radiation (1.2 W m-2) enhanced the antioxidant activity of Stereum hirsutum, with the acetonic extract after 48 hours of radiation the most efficient with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 339.9 μg/mL. Gas-mass chromatography (GC-MS) analysis at this 48 hours stage revealed a high content of phenolic compounds (70%). We observed a decrease in the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Salmonella typhimurium compared to their respective controls. The study concludes that UV-B influences the pathway of secondary metabolites to induce changes metabolic in the composition of sterols and fatty acids and increasing the abundance of antioxidant compounds in S. hirsutum.
823 downloads
4.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
; Ferreira, Gabriel E.
; Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
; Fiaschi, Pedro
; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
; Firens, Marcela
; Flores, Andreia S.
; Forero, Enrique
; Forster, Wellington
; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
; Fraga, Cléudio N.
; França, Flávio
; Francener, Augusto
; Freitas, Joelcio
; Freitas, Maria F.
; Fritsch, Peter W.
; Furtado, Samyra G.
; Gaglioti, André L.
; Garcia, Flávia C.P.
; Germano Filho, Pedro
; Giacomin, Leandro
; Gil, André S.B.
; Giulietti, Ana M.
; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
; Guedes, Juliana S.
; Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
; Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
; Hefler, Sonia M.
; Heiden, Gustavo
; Henderson, Andrew
; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
; Iganci, João R.V.
; Imig, Daniela C.
; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
; Magenta, Mara A.G.
; Mamede, Maria C.H.
; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
; Marquete, Nilda
; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
33340 downloads
5.
Transformación del hongo fitopatógeno Sclerotium cepivorum Berk empleando fusión de protoplastos
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Acosta-García, Gerardo
; Pantoja-Hernández, Miguel Ángel
; Muñoz-Sánchez, Claudia Ivonne
; Pérez-Pérez, Cristina
; Guevara-González, Ramón Gerardo
; Torres-Pacheco, Irineo
; Delgadillo-Sánchez, Felipe
; González-Chavira, Mario Martín
; Guevara-Olvera, Lorenzo
.
White rot, a disease of most concern to the producers of garlic (Allium sativum), is caused by the phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. In order to develop procedures of molecular biology to the fungus, in this paper we describe a transformation method using fusion of protoplasts in the presence of polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG). We used the plasmid pAN7-1 which confers resistance to hygromycin B, which contains the hygromycin phosphotransferase gene B (hph) from Escherichia coli under the glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase promoter (GPDA) and the anthranilate synthase terminator (trpC) of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. The recovered transformants in the regeneration medium potato dextrose agar-sorbitol (PDA-S) in the presence of 200 μgmL-1 of hygromycin B were analyzed by amplifying a fragment of the bacterial gene hph by PCR with specific oligonucleotides: Hig 1, Sentido 5' GAC CTG CTG AGG TCC CTC 3' and Hig 2, antisentido 5' GCC CTC GGA CGA GTG CTG 3'. Obtaining 12-18 frequencies of transformants of S. cepivorum per μg of vector DNA. The results described in this paper will contribute to the molecular characterization of the genes involved in the phenomenon of pathogenesis of S. cepivorum on garlic.
La pudrición blanca, una de las enfermedades más preocupantes para los productores de ajo (Allium sativum), es causada por el hongo fitopatógeno Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. Con el fin de desarrollar procedimientos de biología molecular para el hongo, en este trabajo se describe un método de transformación empleando fusión de protoplastos en presencia de polietilenglicol 3350 (PEG). Se empleó el plásmido pAN7-1 que confiere resistencia a higromicina B, el cual contiene el gen higromicina fosfotransferasa B (hph) de Escherichia coli bajo el promotor gliceraldehído fosfato deshidrogenasa (gpdA) y el terminador antranilato sintetasa (trpC) del hongo filamentoso Aspergillus nidulans. Las transformantes recuperadas en el medio de cultivo de regeneración papa dextrosa agar-sorbitol (PDA-S) en presencia de 200 (μmL-1 de higromicina B se analizaron amplificando un fragmento del gen bacteriano hph mediante PCR con oligonucleótidos específicos: Hig 1, Sentido 5' GAC CTG CTG AGG TCC CTC 3' y Hig 2, antisentido 5' GCC CTC GGA CGA GTG CTG 3'. Se obtuvieron frecuencias de 12-18 transformantes de S. cepivorum por μg de ADN vector. Los resultados descritos en el presente trabajo contribuirán en la caracterización molecular de genes involucrados en el fenómeno de patogénesis de S. cepivorum sobre el ajo.
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6.
Constituintes químicos e avaliação do potencial alelopático de Adiantum tetraphyllum Humb. & Bonpl. Ex. Willd (Pteridaceae)
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Melos, Jorge L. R.
; Silva, Luciana B.
; Peres, Marize T. L. P.
; Mapeli, Ana M.
; Faccenda, Odival
; Anjos, Hátino H.
; Torres, Thais G.
; Tiviroli, Soraia C.
; Batista, Ana L.
; Almeida, Felipe G. N.
; Flauzino, Natasha S.
; Tibana, Letícia A.
; Hess, Sônia C.
; Honda, Neli K.
.
Chemical studies of green leaves of A. tetraphyllum afforded beta-sitosterol, a mixture containing the ethyl esters of long chain carboxylic acids, 30-normethyl-lupan-20-one, hopan-22-ol, phytol, phyten-3(20)-1,2-diol, quercetin and quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic and GC analysis. The allelopathic potentials of the crude ethanolic extract and fractions were evaluated against Lactuca sativa (letuce) and Allium cepa (onion) seeds.
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7.
DDT'S, HCH AND HCB LEVELS IN BREAST ADIPOSE TISSUE IN WOMEN WITH BREAST TUMORS
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Waliszewski, Stefan M.
; Bermudez, Marco T.
; Silva, Carmen S.
; Infanzon, Rosa M.
; Carvajal, Octavio
; Gomez Arroyo, Sandra
; Villalobos Pietrini, Rafael
; Trujillo, Patricia
; Saldaña, Vicente
; Melo, Guadalupe
; Esquivel, Sergio
; Castro, Felipe
; Ocampo, Héctor
; Torres, J.
; Hayward-Jones, Patricia M.
.
Revista internacional de contaminación ambiental
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ABSTRACT Organochlorine pesticides have been used in Mexico in agriculture, sanitation, malaria programs and livestock to combat ectoparasites. Due to their chemical stability, persistence and lipophility, their residues bioconcentrate in lipid-rich tissues, according to the equilibrium pattern of internal transport and lipid tissue content. The studies on their role as estrogenic or antiandrogenic agents have related these pesticides to breast cancer. Therefore, organochlorine pesticides were determined in breast adipose tissue of women subjected to surgery due to the diagnosis of breast abnormalities. The study pool constituted 127 women with malignant breast tumors, 127 with benign breast tumors and 127 in a control group without breast abnormalities. The pesticides determined were: HCB, β-HCH, pp'DDE, op'DDT, pp'DDT and Σ-DDT. Comparing the studied groups, the highest residue levels were determined in the benign breast tumor group. The determined levels from the control group through malignant to benign cases increased stepwise; HCB: 0.045, 0.099, 0.116 mg kg- 1, β-HCH: 0.163, 0.265, 0.319 mg kg- 1, pp'DDE: 0.782, 0.980, 1.761 mg kg" 1, op'DDT: 0.035, 0.094, 0.176 mg kg- 1, pp'DDT: 0.296, 0.351, 0.661 mg kg- 1, Σ-DDT: 1.112, 1.423, 2.601 mg kg- 1, respectively. Paired analyses of the three groups revealed divergences among them and correlation of these pesticide levels with breast tumors. Calculated relative risk (RR) values for the benign to control group and the malignant to control cases presented the following values: HCB: 2.11, 2.01, β-HCH: 1.96, 1.58, pp'DDE: 2.13, 1.17, op'DDT: 4.42, 2.27, pp'DDT: 2.33, 1.33, Σ-DDT: 2.21, 1.19 respectively. The obtained results indicate higher organochlorine pesticide residue levels in women with benign breast abnormalities and higher relative risk related to op'DDT presence.
RESUMEN En México, los plaguicidas organoclorados se ha utilizado en agricultura, salud pública en programas del combate a la malaria y a ectoparásitos de ganado. Debido a su estabilidad química, persistencia y lipofilidad, sus residuos se biomagnifican en tejidos ricos en grasa de acuerdo con el estado de equilibrio entre el transporte interno y el contenido de lípidos en tejidos. Los estudios sobre su papel como agentes estrogénicos o antiandrogénicos relacionan a los plaguicidas organoclorados con el cáncer mamario. Por esta razón se determinaron los niveles de plaguicidas organoclorados en mujeres sujetas a cirugía para diagnosticar anomalías mamarias. En el estudio participaron 127 pacientes con tumor maligno de seno, 127 pacientes con tumor benigno de seno y 127 pacientes como testigos sin anomalías mamarias. Los plaguicidas estudiados fueron: HCB, β-HCH, pp'DDE, op'DDT, pp'DDT y Σ-DDT. Comparando con el grupo testigo, el nivel superior se determinó en las pacientes con tumor benigno de mama. Los niveles de plaguicidas organoclorados desde el grupo testigo al grupo de casos malignos y benignos se incrementó paulatinamente: HCB: 0.045, 0.099, 0.116 mg kg- 1, β-HCH: 0.163, 0.265, 0.319 mg kg" 1, pp'DDE: 0.782, 0.980, 1.761 mg kg" 1, op'DDT: 0.035, 0.094, 0.176 mg kg-1, pp'DDT: 0.296, 0.351, 0.661 mg kg-1, Σ-DDT: 1.112, 1.423, 2.601 mg kg" 1, respectivamente. El análisis pareado de medias reveló divergencia entre los tres grupos y correlación de los niveles de plaguicidas organoclorados en el tumor mamario benigno. Al calcular los valores del riesgo relativo (RR) para los grupos con tumor mamario benigno y maligno, se obtuvieron los valores siguientes: HCB: 2.11, 2.01, β-HCH: 1.96, 1.58, pp'DDE: 2.13, 1.17, op'DDT: 4.42, 2.27, pp'DDT: 2.33, 1.33, Σ-DDT: 2.21, 1.19, respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos indican mayores concentraciones de plaguicidas organoclorados en mujeres con anomalías benignas de seno y un riesgo relativo mayor relacionado con la presencia del op'DDT.
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8.
Identificação de Hb AB2 em dois caucasianos da região Amazônica por procedimentos eletroforéticos e cromatográficos
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Torres, Felipe R.
; Ondei, Luciana S.
; Zamaro, Paula J. A.
; Machado, Ricardo
; Bonini-Domingos, Claudia R.
.
Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia
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1178 downloads
9.
Evaluación de aislamientos nativos de Nomuraea rileyi para el control de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
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BOSA O, CARLOS FELIPE
; CHÁVEZ, DORA
; TORRES, LISSETTE
; PARÍS, ALEJANDRO
; VILLAMIZAR, LAURA
; COTES, ALBA MARINA
.
El gusano cogollero del maíz, Spodoptera frugiperda, es la principal plaga de este cultivo. Debido a que en el país no se cuenta con un producto registrado a base de hongos entomopatógenos para el control de S. frugiperda y dado que Nomuraea rileyi es un microorganismo que se encuentra con más frecuencia causando epizootias en campo, se planteó como objetivo aislar y seleccionar cepas de este hongo con alta actividad biocontroladora contra S. frugiperda. Para ello, a partir de 10 aislamientos provenientes de los llanos orientales, se evaluó en laboratorio su actividad biocontroladora a una concentración de 1x10(7) conidios.ml-1, mediante la aspersión sobre hojas de higuerilla (Kicinus comunnis) infestadas con larvas de segundo instar del insecto. Con tres aislamientos se obtuvo una mortalidad de 94,7, 95 y 100%, seleccionándose el aislamiento Nm07 procedente de Villavicencio (Meta), ya que ocasionó el 100% de mortalidad y los tiempos letales menores (TL50 y TL90,) que fueron de 6,2 y 7,9 días, respectivamente. Posteriormente, se determinó la concentración y dosis letal de este aislamiento obteniéndose una CL50 de 9,8 x 10³ conidios.ml-1 a los 11 días y una CL90 de 2,2 x 10(5) conidios.ml-1 a los ocho días, respectivamente. Para la determinación de las dosis letales se aplicaron 5 µl de cada dosis sobre el dorso torácico de cada larva, determinándose una DL50 de 44 conidios/larva a los 12 días y una DL90 de 3,380 conidios/larva a los 10 días, respectivamente. Estos resultados permiten obtener parámetros de referencia para realizar estudios de producción masiva y formulación, dirigidos al control integrado de Spodoptera spp.
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is the major insect pest of the maize crop. Considering that the country does not nave a registered product based on fungal entomopathogens for the control of S. frugiperda, and given that Nomuraea rileyi is a microorganism that is most frequently found to cause epizootics in the field, our objective was to isolate and select strains of this fungus with high biocontrol activity against S. frugiperda. To do this, the biocontrol activity of 10 isolates of N. rileyi, isolated under laboratory conditions from the Llanos Orientales, at 1x10(7) conidia.ml-1 was evaluated by spraying onto "higuerilla" leaves (Kicinus communis) infested with second instar larvaef A mortality of 94,7, 95 and 100% were obtained with three isolates, the isolate Nm-07 from Villavicencio being selected because it caused 100% mortality and the lowest lethal times (LT50 and LT90) of 6, 2 and 7,9 days, respectively. Afterwards, both the lethal concentrations and doses of this isolate were determined, with LC50, of 9,8 x 10³ conidia.ml-1 at 11 days and LC90 of 2,2 x10(5) conidia.ml-1 at eight days, respectively. To determine the lethal doses 5 ul of N. rileyi suspensions were applied to the thoracic tergum of each larvae, with a LD50 of 44 conidia/larvae after 12 days and a LD90 of 3,380 conidia/larvae after 10 days, respectively. These results offer reference parameters to conduct studies on mass production and formulation directed towards the integrated control of Spodoptera spp.
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10.
Absorção de macronutrientes por explantes de bananeira in vitro
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Diniz, Josefa Diva Nogueira
; Gonçalves, Antonio Natal
; Hernandez, Fernando Felipe Ferreyra
; Torres, Antonio Carlos
.
Com o objetivo de estudar a absorção de macronutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S) em explantes de bananeira cv. Prata Anã, foram utilizados explantes de plantas estabelecidas in vitro, inoculados em meio básico de Murashige & Skoog (1962) contendo sacarose (30 g/L), e BAP (3,5 mg/L) com sete tratamentos, representados pelos períodos de 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 e 60 dias de cultivo e três repetições. As quantidades de macronutrientes totais absorvidas pelos explantes seguiram a ordem: K > N > Ca > ou = P > Mg <FONT FACE=Symbol>@</FONT> S. O P foi o nutriente absorvido mais rapidamente pelos explantes, com 75% extraído do meio de cultivo nos primeiros 30 dias, cessando sua absorção aos 50 dias, restando ainda 9% no meio de cultivo. A absorção do S cessou também aos 50 dias, quando 66% deste nutriente ainda permanecia no meio de cultivo. Este resultado sugere haver uma relação, quanto à absorção, entre esses dois nutrientes. As maiores taxas de absorção de todos os nutrientes foram verificadas nos primeiros 20 dias. O rizoma, o pseudocaule e as folhas, se diferenciaram quanto à concentração e extração ou acúmulo de nutrientes.
The absorption of the nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S) by banana (Musa sp.) cv. Prata Anã explants on the basic medium of Murashige & Skoog (1962) supplemented with sucrose (30 g/L) and BAP (3.5 mg/L) were evaluated at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days after inoculation. The seven treatments were arranged on a completely randomized design with three replicates. The sequence of nutrient absorption by the explants was K > N > Ca > or = P > Mg <FONT FACE=Symbol>@</FONT> S. The P was the nutrient with the fastest absorption rate and at the 30th day the explants had already absorbed 75% of the P from the medium. The P absorption stopped by the 50th day. The S absorption stopped at the 50th day with 66% of it remaining in the medium. The results suggested a close relationship between these two nutrients. The highest rates of nutrient absorption were observed during the first 20 days of culture. The rhizome, pseudostem and leaves behaved differently to the extraction and accumulation of nutrients.
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