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ABSTRACT: In Brazil, the optimal dose of phosphorus in the cultivation of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) clones has yet to be defined. This study verified the productivity of yerba mate clones in response to the application of P doses and determined the critical level of the nutrient in soil and yerba mate leaves. The experiment was developed in Itaiópolis-SC, in humic cambisol, from 2013 to 2020. Five doses of the nutrient were evaluated in two clones (BRS-BLD Aupaba and F2) of yerba mate. Fertility was defined by planting/post-planting (0, 2.3; 4.5; 6.8, and 9.0 g plant-1), canopy formation 1 (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g plant-1), canopy formation 2 (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 g plant-1), and production (0, 16.7; 33.3; 50.0; 66.7 kg ha-1). Harvests took place between July 2015 and January 2020, at 18-month intervals. The productivity of leaves, fine branches, and thick branches was evaluated. In the 2020 harvest, soil and leaf samples were collected to determine the critical level of P. The productivity of clone components increased with phosphate fertilization in all evaluated harvests. The critical levels of P for clones, Aupaba and F2, were 5.2 and 6.3 mg dm-3 in soil and 1.03 and 1.11 g kg-1 in leaves, respectively. Yerba mate is demanding of P, expressing maximum productivity in the planting phase, canopy formation 1 and 2, and production when doses of 5, 25, 40 g plant-1, and 35 kg ha-1 of P2O5 are applied, respectively.

RESUMO: No Brasil, a dose de fósforo no cultivo de clones de erva-mate ainda não está definida. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a produtividade de clones de erva-mate em resposta a aplicação de doses de P e determinar o nível crítico do nutriente no solo e folhas de erva-mate. O experimento foi implantado em Itaiópolis-SC, em Cambissolo Húmico, em 2013. Foram avaliadas cinco doses do nutriente em dois clones (BRS-BLD Aupaba e F2) de erva-mate. As adubações foram definidas como de plantio/pós-plantio (0, 2,3; 4,5; 6,8 e 9,0 g planta-1), formação de copa 1 (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 e 50 g planta-1), formação de copa 2 (0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 g planta-1) e produção (0, 16,7; 33,3; 50,0; 66,7 kg ha-1). As colheitas ocorreram entre julho de 2015 e janeiro de 2020, com intervalos de 18 meses. Avaliou-se produtividade de folhas, galhos finos e galhos grossos. Na safra de 2020, foram coletadas amostras de solo e folhas para determinação do nível crítico de P. A produtividade dos componentes dos clones aumentou com a adubação fosfatada em todas as safras avaliadas. Os níveis críticos de P para os clones Aupaba e F2 foram 5,2 e 6,3 mg dm-3 no solo e 1,03 e 1,11 g kg-1 nas folhas, respectivamente. A erva-mate é exigente em P, expressando produtividade máxima na fase de plantio, formação de copa 1 e 2 e produção, quando aplicado doses de P2O5 em torno de 5, 25, 40 g planta-1 e 35 kg ha-1, respectivamente.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210903

Energy levels and lysine, calcium and phosphorus adjustments on broiler nutrient digestibility and performance
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FEITOSA, VICTOR EMANUEL M.

; SILVA, CAMILLA M.

; RIBEIRO JÚNIOR, VALDIR

; OLIVEIRA, CLAUDIO JOSE P. DE

; VARGAS JÚNIOR, JOSÉ GERALDO DE

; BARROS NETO, ANTÔNIO P. DE

; ALBINO, LUIZ FERNANDO T.

; BRITO, CLAUDSON O.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 4 elocation e20191391

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Chicken broilers digestibility and performance fed with different ME levels, with and without adjustments of digestible lysine, calcium, and available phosphorus, were evaluated. For digestibility, 210 male Cobb 500 chicken broilers were used and distributed into a 3x2+1 factorial arrangement, with three ME levels (3050; 3125 and 3200 kcal/kg) with and without nutrient adjustment, plus one control treatment (2975 kcal ME/kg), totaling seven treatments including six repetitions with five birds into each repetition. For initial performance, 1120 birds were distributed randomly with eight replications within treatments and 20 birds for each replication. For final performance, 1008 chickens were distributed with eight replications and 18 birds for each replication. The DCDM and DCCP were improved (P<0.05) according to the increase of ME and the adjustment in dietary nutrients, as well as GE digestibility. The final performance showed no interaction (P>0.05) between energy and nutrient adjustment, but the increase in energy levels improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR=1.370). Increasing energy density with nutrient adjustment improves both nutrient utilization and bird performance.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320191391

Morfología y optimización de prueba de viabilidad en semillas de Passiflora spp. de Costa Rica
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Vega-Corrales, Elizabeth

; Campos-Sánchez, Verónica

; Monge-Vargas, Andrés Antonio

; Bertsch-Hernández, Sonia

; Vargas-Ramírez, Ester

Agronomía Mesoamericana

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dec 2022, Volume 33 N. spe1 elocation 51567

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción. En Costa Rica existen 51 especies nativas de pasifloras que poseen potencial comercial por sus características fitoquímicas. En Passiflora las características seminales pueden ser utilizadas para clasificar sus especies a nivel taxonómico. La identificación del material vegetal y el desarrollo de metodologías que permitan conocer su calidad es esencial para la propagación, producción y conservación. Objetivo. Caracterizar las semillas de Passiflora biflora y Passiflora adenopoda con base en su morfología y optimizar el protocolo para la determinación de su viabilidad por medio de la prueba de tetrazolio. Materiales y métodos. La caracterización morfológica y los ensayos de viabilidad se realizaron en 2022, en el Centro para Investigaciones en Granos y Semillas (CIGRAS), Universidad de Costa Rica. Se evaluaron doce caracteres morfológicos externos y se caracterizaron las estructuras internas de semillas de P. biflora y P. adenopoda. Para la optimización del protocolo de la prueba de tetrazolio se evaluó el efecto de dos tipos de corte (longitudinal y angular), dos concentraciones de sal de tetrazolio (0,5 % y 1 %), tres temperaturas (30, 35 y 40 °C) y cuatro tiempos de incubación (3, 6, 12 y 24 horas). Resultados. Los caracteres morfológicos evaluados permitieron clasificar las semillas como P. biflora y P. adenopoda. Al utilizar sal de tetrazolio al 1 %, un corte longitudinal, una temperatura de 40 °C y un tiempo de incubación de tres horas, se logró obtener un porcentaje de viabilidad similar (90 % en P. biflora y 91 % en P. adenopoda), y una tinción de la misma calidad, que el obtenido con el método internacional estandarizado. Conclusiones. Las características seminales evaluadas permitieron clasificar las semillas analizadas como P. biflora y P. adenopoda. Además, se logró optimizar el protocolo de la prueba de tetrazolio al disminuir el tiempo de incubación de 24 a 3 horas.

Abstract Introduction. In Costa Rica there are 51 native species of passion fruit plants that have commercial potential due to their phytochemical characteristics. In Passiflora the seminal characteristics can be used to taxonomically classify the genus species. The identification of plant material and the development of methodologies that enable quality assessment is essential for propagation, production, and conservation. Objective. To characterize Passiflora biflora and Passiflora adenopoda seeds based on their morphology and to optimize the protocol for determining their viability by means of the tetrazolium test. Materials and methods. Morphological characterization and viability trials were carried out in 2022, at the Centro de Investigaciones en Granos y Semillas (CIGRAS), Universidad de Costa Rica. Twelve external morphological characters and the internal structures of P. biflora and P. adenopoda were characterized. For the optimization of the tetrazolium test protocol, the effect of two types of cutting (longitudinal and angular), two concentrations of tetrazolium salt (0.5 % and 1 %), three temperatures (30, 35, and 40 ºC), and four incubation times (3, 6, 12, and 24 h) were assessed. Results. The morphological characters evaluated allowed the seeds to be classified as P. biflora and P. adenopoda. By using 1 % tetrazolium salt, a longitudinal cut, a temperature of 40 ºC, and an incubation time of 3 h, similar viability percentage was obtained (90 % in P. biflora and 91 % in P. adenopoda), and a staining of the same quality, as that obtained with the international standardized method. Conclusions. The seminal characteristics assessed allowed the classification of the analyzed seeds as P. biflora and P. adenopoda. In addition, the tetrazolium test protocol was optimized by reducing the incubation time from 24 to 3 hours.

https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v33iespecial.51567

COVID-19 in the Perioperative Period of Cardiovascular Surgery: the Brazilian Experience
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Gomes, Walter J.

; Rocco, Isadora

; Pimentel, Wallace S.

; Pinheiro, Aislan H. B.

; Souza, Paulo M. S.

; Costa, Luiz A. A.

; Teixeira, Marjory M. P.

; Ohashi, Leonardo P.

; Bublitz, Caroline

; Begot, Isis

; Moreira, Rita Simone L

; Hossne Jr, Nelson A.

; Vargas, Guilherme F.

; Branco, João Nelson R.

; Teles, Carlos A.

; Medeiros, Eduardo A. S.

; Sáfadi, Camila

; Rampinelli, Amândio

; Moratelli Neto, Leopoldo

; Rosado, Anderson Rosa

; Mesacasa, Franciele Kuhn

; Capriata, Ismael Escobar

; Segalote, Rodrigo Coelho

; Palmieri, Deborah Louize da Rocha Vianna

; Jardim, Amanda Cristina Mendes

; Vianna, Diego Sarty

; Coutinho, Joaquim Henrique de Souza Aguiar

; Jazbik, João Carlos

; Coutinho, Henrique Madureira da Rocha

; Kikuta, Gustavo

; Almeida, Zely Sant'Anna Marotti de

; Feguri, Gibran Roder

; Lima, Paulo Ruiz Lucio de

; Franco, Anna Carolina

; Borges, Danilo de Cerqueira

; Cruz, Felipe Ramos Honorato De La

; Croti, Ulisses Alexandre

; Borim, Bruna Cury

; Marchi, Carlos Henrique De

; Goraieb, Lilian

; Postigo, Karolyne Barroca Sanches

; Jucá, Fabiano Gonçalves

; Oliveira, Fátima Rosane de Almeida

; Souza, Rafael Bezerra de

; Zilli, Alexandre Cabral

; Mas, Raul Gaston Sanchez

; Bettiati Junior, Luiz Carlos

; Tranchesi, Ricardo

; Bertini Jr, Ayrton

; Franco, Leandro Vieira

; Fernandes, Priscila

; Oliveira, Fabiana

; Moraes Jr, Roberto

; Araújo, Thiago Cavalcanti Vila Nova de

; Braga, Otávio Penna

; Pedrosa Sobrinho, Antônio Cavalcanti

; Teixeira, Roberta Tavares Barreto

; Camboim, Irla Lavor Lucena

; Gomes, Eduardo Nascimento

; Reis, Pedro Horigushi

; Garcia, Luara Piovan

; Scorsioni, Nelson Henrique Goes

; Lago, Roberto

; Guizilini, Solange

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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dec 2021, Volume 36 N. 6 Pages 725 - 735

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: We investigated the clinical course and outcomes of patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery in Brazil and who had developed symptoms/signs of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the perioperative period. Methods: A retrospective multicenter study including 104 patients who were allocated in three groups according to time of positive real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2): group 1, patients who underwent cardiac surgery > 10 days after positive RT-PCR; group 2, patients with a positive RT-PCR within 10 days before or after surgery; group 3, patients who presented positive RT-PCR > 10 days after surgery. The primary outcome was mortality and secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and postoperative days of hospitalization. Results: The three groups were similar with respect to age, the European System of Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation score, and comorbidities, except hypertension. Postoperative complications and death were significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1, and no significant difference between groups 2 and 3 was seen. Group 2 showed a high prevalence of surgery performed as an urgent procedure. Although no significant differences were observed in ICU length of stay, total postoperative hospitalization time was significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: COVID-19 affecting the postoperative period of patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery is associated with a higher rate of morbidity and mortality. Delaying procedures in RT-PCR-positive patients may help reduce risks of perioperative complications and death.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2021-0960

Desarrollo epidémico de la roya asiática de la soya bajo la acción de fungicidas y variables climáticas
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Fajardo-Franco, Marja L.

; Guzmán-Plazola, Remigio A.

; González-Baca, Guadalupe

; Terán-Vargas, Antonio P.

; Vaquera-Huerta, Humberto

; Aguilar-Tlatelpa, Martin

Revista fitotecnia mexicana

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sep 2021, Volume 44 N. 3 Pages 323 - 331

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Summary Soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow & Sydow), is a limiting factor for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merril] production because it causes yield losses of up to 80 %. In Mexico there are few studies on the influence of fungicides on the epidemic development of the disease, its relationship with climate and the impact on yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of: a) pyraclostrobin + flutriafol, b) pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole, and c) epoxiconazole on the soybean rust epidemic development as well as the impact of the disease on grain yield and the effect of climatic variables on the disease. Seven experiments were carried out over a three-year period in Altamira, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were only detected in the incidence and the area under the disease progression curve (AUDPC) with the application of pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole, which decreased the incidence levels by 88 to 96 % and severity by 95 to 98 %; in addition, it prevented losses of grain yield by 11.2 to 25.6 %. The application of pyraclostrobin + flutriafol and epoxiconazole did not cause differences on severity and AUDPC of soybean rust compared to the control without fungicide application. Weather variables associated with a higher probability of rust occurrence were the number of hours with temperatures between 17.5 and 32.5 º C, in combination with the number of hours with leaf moisture between 10 and 15 (scale 0 to 15) and with relative humidity higher than 70 %.

Resumen La roya asiática (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow & Sydow) es una limitante para la producción de soya [Glycine max (L.) Merril] debido a que causa pérdidas de rendimiento de hasta 80 %. En México, son escasos los estudios sobre la influencia de fungicidas en el desarrollo epidémico de la enfermedad, su relación con el clima y el impacto en el rendimiento. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la aplicación de: a) pyraclostrobin + flutriafol, b) pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole, y c) epoxiconazole, sobre el desarrollo epidémico de la roya asiática de la soya, así como el impacto de la enfermedad sobre el rendimiento de grano y el efecto de variables climáticas sobre la enfermedad. Se establecieron siete experimentos en un periodo de tres años en Altamira, Tamaulipas, México. Únicamente se detectaron diferencias significativas (P ≤ 0.05) en la incidencia y en el área bajo la curva del progreso de la enfermedad (ABCPE) con la aplicación de pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole, la cual disminuyó los niveles de incidencia de 88 a 96 % y la severidad de 95 a 98 %; además, evitó pérdidas de rendimiento de grano del orden del 11.2 al 25.6 %. La aplicación de pyraclostrobin + flutriafol y de epoxiconazole no causaron diferencias sobre la severidad y el ABCPE de la roya asiática, en comparación con el testigo sin aplicación de fungicidas. Las variables climáticas asociadas con una mayor probabilidad de ocurrencia de la enfermedad fueron el número de horas con temperaturas entre 17.5 y 32.5 º C, en combinación con el número de horas con humedad foliar en el intervalo de 10 a 15 (escala 0 a 15) y con humedad relativa mayor de 70 %.

https://doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2021.3.323

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 in a Tertiary Care Center in Mexico City: A Prospective Cohort Study
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Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar

; Villanueva-Reza, Marco

; González-Lara, María F.

; Tamez-Torres, Karla M.

; Román-Montes, Carla M.

; Díaz-Mejía, Bruno A.

; Pérez-García, Esteban

; Olivas-Martínez, Antonio

; Rajme-López, Sandra

; Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo A.

; León-Cividanes, Nereyda A. de

; Fernández-García, Oscar A.

; Guerrero-Torres, Lorena

; Torres-González, Lorena

; Carrera-Patiño, Fabián A.

; Corral-Herrera, Ever A.

; Hernández-Alemón, Aldo N.

; Tovar-Vargas, Maria de los Ángeles

; Serrano-Pinto, Yamile G.

; Espejo-Ortiz, Cristian E.

; Morales-Ortega, María de la L.

; Lozano-Cruz, Óscar A.

; Cárdenas-Fragoso, José L.

; Vidal-Mayo, José de J.

; Hernández-Gilsoul, Thierry

; Rivero-Sigarroa, Eduardo

; Domínguez-Cherit, Guillermo

; Cervantes-Villar, Luz E.

; Ramos-Cervantes, Maria del P.

; Ibarra-González, Violeta

; Calva-Mercado, Juan J.

; Sierra-Madero, Juan G.

; López-Íñiguez, Álvaro

; Ochoa-Hein, Eric

; Crabtree-Ramírez, Brenda E.

; Galindo-Fraga, Arturo

; Guerrero-Almeida, María de L.

; Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.

; Gulías-Herrero, Alfonso

; Sifuentes-Osornio, José

; Kershenobich-Stalnikowitz, David

; Ponce-de-León, Alfredo

Revista de investigación clínica

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jun 2020, Volume 72 N. 3 Pages 165 - 177

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Regional information regarding the characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is needed for a better understanding of the pandemic. Objective: The objective of the study to describe the clinical features of COVID-19 patients diagnosed in a tertiary-care center in Mexico City and to assess differences according to the treatment setting (ambulatory vs. hospital) and to the need of intensive care (IC). Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort, including consecutive patients with COVID-19 from February 26, 2020 to April 11, 2020. Results: We identified 309 patients (140 inpatients and 169 outpatients). The median age was 43 years (interquartile range, 33-54), 59.2% men, and 18.6% healthcare workers (12.3% from our center). The median body mass index (BMI) was 29.00 kg/m2 and 39.6% had obesity. Compared to outpatients, inpatients were older, had comorbidities, cough, and dyspnea more frequently. Twenty-nine (20.7%) inpatients required treatment in the IC unit (ICU). History of diabetes (type 1 or 2) and abdominal pain were more common in ICU patients compared to non-ICU patients. ICU patients had higher BMIs, higher respiratory rates, and lower room-air capillary oxygen saturations. ICU patients showed a more severe inflammatory response as assessed by white blood cell count, neutrophil and platelet count, C-reactive protein, ferritin, procalcitonin, and albumin levels. By the end of the study period, 65 inpatients had been discharged because of improvement, 70 continued hospitalized, and five had died. Conclusions: Patients with comorbidities, either middle-age obese or elderly complaining of fever, cough, or dyspnea, were more likely to be admitted. At admission, patients with diabetes, high BMI, and clinical or laboratory findings consistent with a severe inflammatory state were more likely to require IC.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ric.20000211 533 downloads

Diversidad genética en dos huertos semilleros de Pinus patula Schiede ex SchltdL. et Cham.
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Méndez-Neri, Mónica

; Ramírez-Herrera, Carlos

; Vargas-Hernández, J. Jesús

; Martínez-Trinidad, Tomás

; López-Upton, Javier

; López, Pedro Antonio

Revista fitotecnia mexicana

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mar 2020, Volume 43 N. 1 Pages 113 - 119

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Summary Genetic diversity is important in seed orchards to produce plants with high capability of adaptation to environmental changes; thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity and structure of two asexual seed orchards of Pinus patula and to determine the degree of differentiation of each orchard. The first orchard is located at common land La Selva, municipality of Huayacocotla, Veracruz, Mexico and the second one at common land Villa Cuauhtémoc, municipality of Chignahuapan, Puebla. Mexico. Each orchard was established with phenotypically superior cloned trees selected in their own area. Foliage samples were collected from one ramet from each clone in both orchards. Microsatellite molecular markers NZPR114, NZPR5, PtTX2123, PtTX2146, PtTX3107 and PtTX3127 were used to perform the genetic diversity analysis. The average number of alleles per locus was 9.9 for both seed orchards. The observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.602 and 0.693, respectively. The fixation index was 0.125. A deficit of heterozygotes was found when both seed orchards were analyzed jointly (FIT = 0.125) and within each of the orchards (FIS = 0.105). The differentiation index was low (FST = 0.023). Most of the genetic diversity was found within the orchards with only 4.5 % between them. The genetic diversity was high in the asexual orchards of P. patula with moderate deficiency of heterozygotes and low level of differentiation between both seed orchards.

Resumen La diversidad genética es importante en los huertos semilleros para producir plantas con alta capacidad de adaptación a cambios ambientales; por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la diversidad y estructura genética de dos huertos semilleros asexuales de Pinus patula y determinar el grado de diferenciación de cada huerto. El primer huerto se localiza en el ejido La Selva, municipio de Huayacocotla, Veracruz, México y el segundo en el ejido Villa Cuauhtémoc, municipio de Chignahuapan, Puebla, México. Cada huerto se estableció con árboles clonados fenotípicamente superiores seleccionados en su propia área. Muestras de follaje se recolectaron de un rameto de cada clon en ambos huertos semilleros. Los marcadores moleculares de microsatélite NZPR1078, NZPR114, NZPR5, PtTX2123, PtTX2146, PtTX3107 y PtTX3127 se usaron para realizar el análisis de diversidad genética. El número promedio de alelos por locus fue 9.9 para ambos huertos semilleros. La heterocigosidad observada y la esperada fueron 0.602 y 0.693, respectivamente. El índice de fijación fue 0.125. Un déficit de heterocigotos se encontró cuando los dos huertos semilleros se analizaron en conjunto (FIT = 0.125) y dentro de cada uno de estos (FIS = 0.105). El índice de diferenciación fue bajo (FST = 0.023). La mayor parte de la diversidad genética se encontró dentro de los huertos con sólo 4.5 % entre éstos. La diversidad genética fue alta en los huertos asexuales de P. patula con deficiencias moderadas de heterocigotos y un nivel bajo de diferenciación entre ambos huertos semilleros.

https://doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2020.1.113 647 downloads

Environmental Soil Phosphorus Threshold under No-Tillage and Swine Manure Application
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Bousfield, Sérgio Walace

; Favaretto, Nerilde

; Motta, Antônio Carlos Vargas

; Barth, Gabriel

; Celante, Luana Salete

; Cherobim, Verediana Fernanda

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2020, Volume 63 N. spe elocation e20190536

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Swine manure is applied in agricultural fields as a source of nutrients for plant growth, however, excessive application over the years can promote soil phosphorus (P) accumulation. The objective of this study was to establish the environmental soil P threshold based on the degree of P saturation (DPS), as well, to evaluate the soil P storage capacity. The experiment was carried out in an Oxisol (sandy clay loam texture), under no-tillage and crop rotation. Treatments consisted of four annual doses of liquid swine manure (0, 100, 200, and 300 m3 ha-1 year-1), and three doses of mineral fertilizer (0, 50, and 100% of the crop nutrients requirement), in a randomized block with split-plot design (four replications). Soil P content was analyzed by PMehlich-1, PCaCl2, water-soluble P (WSP) and total P. The application of swine manure and mineral fertilizer increased soil P contents mainly at 0-10 cm depth. The DPS corresponding to the change point was 14.9% at depth 0-10 and 8.6% at depth 0-20 cm with WSP and 18.7% at 0-10 cm and 8.9% at 0-20 cm depth with PCaCl2. The lowest change point value was DPS 8.6% which corresponds to 43 mg kg-1 of PMehlich-1, so, in practical terms, we suggest this value as the environmental soil P threshold. The soil P storage capacity indicated negative values with the higher doses of swine manure and mineral fertilizer which increases the vulnerability of P loss by surface and subsurface hydrological transfer pathway.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-solo-2020190536 432 downloads

Recomendaciones para el uso racional de la prueba 25-hidroxivitamina D Resumen de política
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Herrera-Molina, Emilio

; González, Nancy Yomayusa

; Low-Padilla, Eduardo

; Oliveros-Velásquez, Juan David

; Mendivelso-Duarte, Fredy

; Gómez-Gómez, Olga Victoria

; Castillo, Ana María

; Barrero-Garzón, Liliana Isabel

; Álvarez-Moreno, Carlos Arturo

; Moscoso-Martínez, Ernesto Augusto

; Ruíz-Blanco, Pilar Cristin

; Luna-Ríos, Joaquín Gustavo

; Ortiz, Natasha

; Herrera, Emiliano Mauricio

; Guevara-Santamaría, Fabián

; Moreno-Gómez, Jairo Enrique

; Cárdenas-Ramírez, Héctor Mauricio

; González-González, Camilo Alberto

; Jannauth, María José

; Patiño-Pérez, Adulkarin

; Pinto, Diego Alejandro

; Acevedo, Juan Ramon

; Torres, Rodolfo Eduardo

; Montero, Jairo Camilo

; Acevedo, Andrés David

; Caceres, Ximena Adriana

; Acuña-Olmos, Jairo

; Arias, Carlos Andrés

; Medardo-Rozo, José

; Castellanos-Parada, Jeffrey

; López-Miranda, Ángelo Mauricio

; Pinzón-Serrano, Estefanía

; Rincón-Sierra, Oswaldo

; Isaza-Ruget, Mario

; Suárez-Ramos, María del Pilar

; Vargas-Rodríguez, Johanna

; Mejia-Gaviria, Natalia

; Moreno-Marín, Sandra Yadira

; García-Guarín, Bibiana María

; Cárdenas, Martha Lucía

; Chavarro, Luis Fernando

; Ronderos-Bernal, Camila

; Rico-Landazabal, Arturo

; Coronado-Daza, Jorge Antonio

; Alfaro-Tejeda, Mercedes Teresa

; Yama-Mosquera, Erica

; Hernández-Sierra, Astrid Patricia

; Restrepo-Valencia, César Augusto

; Arango-Álvarez, Javier

; Rosero-Olarte, Francisco Oscar Fernando

; Medina-Orjuela, Adriana

; Robayo-García, Adriana

; Carballo-Zarate, Virgil

; Rodríguez-Sánchez, Martha Patricia

; Bernal, Dora P.

; Jaramillo, Laura

; Baquero-Rodríguez, Richard

; Mejía-Gaviria, Natalia

; Aroca, Gustavo

Revista Colombiana de Nefrología

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dec 2019, Volume 6 N. 2 Pages 179 - 192

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

Abstract The exponential increase in the request for laboratory tests of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D or [25 (OH) D has ignited the alarms and generated a strong call for attention, since it may reflect deficiencies in the standardization of clinical practice and in the use non-systematic scientific evidence for decision-making in real life, which allows to analyze the indications of the test, its frequency, interpretation and even to assess the impact for health systems, especially when contrasted with the minimum or almost. No effects of the strategy of screening or supplying indiscriminately to the general population, without considering a comprehensive clinical assessment of risks and needs of people. From a purely public health impact point of view, the consequence of massive and unspecified requests is affecting most of the health systems and institutions at the global level. The primary studies that determined average population intake values have been widely used in the formulation of recommendations in Clinical Practice Guidelines, but unfortunately misinterpreted as cut points to diagnose disease and allow the exaggerated prescription of nutritional substitution. The coefficient of variation in routine tests to measure blood levels of 25 (OH) D is high (28%), decreasing the overall accuracy of the test and simultaneously, increasing both the falsely high and falsely low values. The most recent scientific evidence analyzes and seriously questions the usefulness and the real effect of the massive and indiscriminate practice of prescribing vitamin D without an exhaustive risk analysis. The available evidence is insufficient to recommend a general substitution of vitamin D to prevent fractures, falls, changes in bone mineral density, incidence of cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular disease, neoplasms and also to modify the growth curve of mothers' children. They received vitamin D as a substitute during pregnancy. The recommendations presented in the document are based on the critical analysis of current evidence and the principles of good clinical practice and invite to consider a rational use of 25 (OH) D tests in the context of a clinical practice focused on people and a comprehensive assessment of needs and risks. The principles of good practice suggest that clinicians may be able to justify that the results of the 25 (OH) D test strongly influence and define clinical practice and modify the outcomes that interest people and impact their health and wellness. Currently there is no clarity on how to interpret the results, and the relationship between symptoms and 25 (OH) D levels, which may not be consistent with the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency reported. For this reason, it is suggested to review the rationale of the request for tests for systematic monitoring of levels of 25 (OH) D or in all cases where substitution is performed. Consider the use of 25 (OH) D tests within the comprehensive evaluation of people with suspicion or confirmation of the following conditions: rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, hyper or hypoparathyroidism, malabsorption syndromes, sarcopenia, metabolic bone disease.

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10.

Productividad, características fisicoquímicas y digestibilidad in vitro de leguminosas forrajeras en trópico seco de México
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Alatorre-Hernández, Antonio

; Guerrero-Rodríguez, Juan de Dios

; Olvera-Hernández, José Isabel

; Aceves-Ruíz, Ernesto

; Vaquera-Huerta, Humberto

; Vargas-López, Samuel

Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias

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jun 2018, Volume 9 N. 2 Pages 296 - 315

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Three herbaceous legumes: Macroptilium atropurpureum, Macroptilium lathyroides and Phaseolus acutifolius were sown in 12 experimental units of plots of 28 m2 each under a randomized complete block design with four replications. The objective was to evaluate the characteristics of dry matter (DM) production, leaf-stem ratio and coverage, as well as the concentration of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin (LDA), tannins, phenols and in vitro digestibility of DM (IVDDMS) throughout the biological cycle of the species. The average DM production (kg ha-1) differed (P<0.05) among species, being higher for M. lathyroides (4,655), intermediate for M. atropurpureum (3,920) and lower (2,170) for P. acutifolius. The difference in DM production between M. lathyroides and M. atropurpureum was mainly a reflection of differences in plant height rather than differences in the leaf-stem ratio or coverage. M. lathyroides and M. atropurpureum were not different (P>0.05) in CP concentration, NDF, ADF and IVDDMS. The species P. acutifolius showed the lowest concentration of all the fractions including DIVMS. The concentration of tannins (g kg-1 MS) was high (P<0.05) for M. lathyroides (3.93), intermediate for M. atropurpureum (3.14) and low (1.82) for P. acutifolius. In phenols, the species were not different, having an average of 20.3 g kg-1 DM. It is concluded that M. lathyroides and M. atropurpureum were the species with the best yield performance and nutritional quality in the total experimental phase.

Resumen: Tres leguminosas herbáceas: Macroptilium lathyroides, Macroptilium atropurpureum y Phaseolus acutifolius se sembraron en 12 unidades experimentales de 28 m2 cada una, bajo un diseño de bloques completos al azar y cuatro repeticiones por especie. El objetivo fue evaluar las características de producción de materia seca (MS), relación hoja-tallo y cobertura, así como la concentración de proteína cruda (PC), fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA), lignina (LDA), taninos, fenoles y digestibilidad in vitro de la MS (DIVMS) en todo el ciclo biológico de las especies. La producción promedio de MS (kg ha-1) difirió (P<0.05) entre especies, resultando mayor para M. lathyroides (4,655), intermedia para M. atropurpureum (3,920) y menor (2,170) para P. acutifolius. La diferencia en producción de MS entre M. lathyroides y M. atropurpureum fue un reflejo principalmente de diferencias en la altura de la planta, más que a diferencias en la relación hoja-tallo o cobertura. M. lathyroides y M. atropurpureum no fueron diferentes (P>0.05) en concentración de PC, FDN, FDA y DIVMS. La especie P. acutifolius mostró una menor concentración de todas las fracciones y una menor DIVMS. La concentración de taninos (g kg-1 MS) fue mayor (P<0.05) para M. lathyroides (3.93), intermedia para M. atropurpureum (3.14) y menor (1.82) para P. acutifolius. En fenoles, las especies no fueron diferentes, obteniendo un promedio de 20.3 g kg-1 MS. Se concluye que M. lathyroides y M. atropurpureum fueron las especies con mejor comportamiento productivo y calidad nutritiva en toda la fase experimental.

https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v9i2.4361 1279 downloads

11.

Perfil sintomático de los pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica Estadio 4 y 5
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Gutiérrez Sánchez, Daniel

; Leiva-Santos, Juan P.

; Macías López, María José

; Cuesta Vargas, Antonio I.

Enfermería Nefrológica

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sep 2017, Volume 20 N. 3 Pages 259 - 266

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease (ACKD) experience multiple symptoms that negatively affect the quality of life. Aims: To determine the prevalence and severity of symptoms, and their association with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and comorbidities. Material and method: A cross-sectional study to examine the prevalence of symptoms in patients with ACKD on dialysis and predialysis, and their association with GFR and comorbidities was carried out. Symptom data were collected using the Spanish modified version of Palliative care Outcome Scale- Symptoms Renal (POS-S Renal), a validated questionnaire to assess symptoms in this population. Comorbidity was collected and scored according to the modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (mCCI). Results: The study sample included 180 patients with ACKD. More than 44% of patients described weakness, pain, depression and difficulty sleeping. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of symptoms between groups for weakness (p=0.027), poor mobility (p=0.018), drowsiness (p=0.03), constipation (p=0.015) and restless legs (p<0.01). There was no association between disease severity and symptoms (p=0,04). There was no significant correlation between comorbidities and symptoms (p=0,15). Conclusions: Patients with ACKD experience a high level of symptom burden. Routine symptom assessment using tools such as the POS-S Renal can be useful in clinical and research settings. Integrating the principles of Palliative Care in Nephrology Services can be beneficial for optimizing the symptom management in this population.

Resumen Introducción: Los pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica Avanzada (ERCA) experimentan una gran variedad de síntomas que afectan negativamente la calidad de vida del paciente. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia e intensidad de síntomas y analizar su asociación con el filtrado glomerular (FG) y la comorbilidad. Material y Método: Estudio transversal en el que se describe la sintomatología del paciente con ERCA en diálisis y prediálisis y se realiza un análisis de la asociación de los síntomas con el FG y la comorbilidad. Para la evaluación de síntomas se utilizó la versión española modificada de la Palliative care Outcome Scale-Symptoms Renal (POS-S Renal), un cuestionario validado para evaluar la sintomatología en esta población. La comorbilidad fue evaluada con el índice de comorbilidad de Charlson modificado (ICCm). Resultados: 180 pacientes con ERCA fueron incluidos en este estudio. Más del 44% de pacientes describieron debilidad, dolor, depresión y dificultad para dormir. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en ambos grupos para síntomas como la debilidad (p=0.027), poca movilidad (p=0.018), somnolencia (p=0.03), estreñimiento (p=0.015) y piernas inquietas (p<0.01). El declive de la función renal se asoció con la sintomatología (p=0,04). No encontramos asociación entre la comorbilidad y la sintomatología (p=0,15). Conclusiones: Los pacientes con ERCA sufren una elevada carga de síntomas. La evaluación y monitorización sistemática de síntomas mediante herramientas como el POS-S Renal puede ser útil en el ámbito clínico y en investigación. La integración de los Cuidados Paliativos en los Servicios de Nefrología puede contribuir a la optimización del manejo sintomático en esta población.

https://doi.org/10.4321/s2254-28842017000300010 4566 downloads

12.

Insuficiencia respiratoria y choque séptico por bronquiectasias infectadas: Reporte de un caso
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Cervantes-González, Oscar Antonio

; Vargas-Gutiérrez, David Alejandro

; Hernández-Cárdenas, Carmen Margarita

; Lugo-Goytia, Gustavo

Neumología y cirugía de tórax

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sep 2015, Volume 74 N. 3 Pages 190 - 193

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Bronchiectasis as a cause of respiratory failure and septic shock are associated with high mortality. We report the case of a patient with an acute exacerbation due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa that produced severe respiratory failure and septic shock requiring management in the respiratory intensive care unit (RICU). The patient presented multiorgan failure and muscle weakness syndrome requiring prolonged ventilation and intensive rehabilitation. After a month in the RICU the patient was discharged, however she had to be admitted to the unit a week later by septic shock and respiratory failure. The patient died 48 hours after admission by irreversible septic shock. This case illustrates the pathophysiological changes and high short-term mortality in patients with bronchiectasis who require intensive care.

Las bronquiectasias como causa de insuficiencia respiratoria y choque séptico se asocian con una alta mortalidad. Nosotros reportamos el caso de una paciente con una exacerbación aguda por P. aeruginosa que le produjo insuficiencia respiratoria severa y choque séptico que requirió manejo en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Respiratorios (UCIR). Cursó con falla multiorgánica y síndrome de debilidad muscular del paciente crítico, requiriendo ventilación prolongada y rehabilitación intensiva. Después de un mes en la UCIR se dio de alta, sin embargo, reingreso una semana después por insuficiencia respiratoria y choque séptico, falleciendo 48 horas después de choque irreversible. Este caso ilustra las alteraciones fisiopatológicas, así como la alta mortalidad a corto plazo en pacientes con bronquiectasias que requieren cuidados intensivos.

5133 downloads

13.

Two new tiny Nemesiidae species from Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Araneae: Mygalomorphae)
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Indicatti, Rafael P.

; Folly-Ramos, Elaine

; Vargas, André B.

; Lucas, Sylvia M.

; Brescovit, Antonio D.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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apr 2015, Volume 32 N. 2 Pages 123 - 138

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Two new Nemesiidae species from Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil are described. Acanthogonatus minimussp. nov. differs from the remaining species of the genus by the male palpal bulb, which has very long and twisted embolus, ca. 2/3 the length of the palpal tibia, long and twisted spermathecae, anterior eye row recurved and fovea T-shaped. Chaco tinguasp. nov. differs from the remaining species of the genus by the retrolateral megaspine on tibia I, palpal embolus tip hook-shaped, inferior tarsal claw on all legs, absence of pubescence on the carapace and legs. Both species were collected with Winkler extractors in leaf litter. They are the smallest specimens in their respective genera and also among the world Nemesiidae described to date. The smallest male of A. minimussp. nov. measures 4.22 mm and of C. tinguasp. nov. measures 3.85 mm. Data on the phenology of C. tinguasp. nov. is presented.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702015000200003 1797 downloads

14.

Modelado de los factores ambientales que determinan la distribución de especies sinantrópicas de Physalis
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López-Sandoval, José Antonio

; López-Mata, Lauro

; Cruz-Cárdenas, Gustavo

; Vibrans, Heike

; Vargas, Ofelia

; Martínez, Mahinda

Botanical Sciences

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2015, Volume 93 N. 4 Pages 755 - 764

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

The modeling of the distribution of synanthropic (weedy) species and the environmental factors that determine their distribution is not well studied. Physalis has 90 species distributed in the Americas, and several in the Old World. Mexico harbors about 70 species and approximately 35 are endemic. The section Angulatae includes 10 species, all synanthropic to some degree. The species tended to concentrate in the Sierra Madre Occidental, the Sierra Madre del Sur, and the Transmexican Volcanic Belt. The aim of this work was to model and identify the environmental variables that determine the potential distribution of the ten species of Physalis sect. Angulatae. A total of 524 records that had been verified by the taxonomic experts of the group and 20 environmental variables were used; 12 were climatic, and the other eight were novel and of different types: three soil properties, two normalized differential vegetation indexes and three topographic attributes. The models were obtained with the Maxent algorithm. The results of the modelling showed that the most suitable habitat for the persistence of eight species was delimited by the normalized differential vegetation index during the dry months of the year, the soil organic matter, the elevation and the aspect, which together explained between the 73 and 91 % of the variation in its distribution. Other groups of factors like total precipitation and isthermality determined the distribution of P. crassifolia and P. glabra, respectively. We show that the novel environmental factors such as the normalized differential vegetation index and the soil properties were decisive predictors in the potential distribution of the species in the section Angulatae.

El modelado de la distribución de especies sinantrópicas (malezas) y los factores ambientales que determinan dicha distribución han sido poco estudiados. Physalis tiene 90 especies distribuidas en las Américas, y algunas especies en el Viejo Mundo. México alberga cerca de 70 especies y aproximadamente 35 son endémicas. La sección Angulatae incluye diez especies, todas sinantrópicas en mayor o menor grado. Las especies se concentran en la Sierra Madre Occidental, la Sierra Madre del Sur y en la Faja Volcánica Transmexicana. El objetivo de este trabajo fue modelar e identificar las variables ambientales que determinan la distribución potencial de las diez especies de Physalis sección Angulatae. Se emplearon 524 registros revisados por especialistas en la taxonomía del grupo y 20 variables ambientales; de éstas 12 fueron climáticas, tres edáficas, dos de cobertura de la vegetación y tres de atributos topográficos. Los modelos se calcularon con el algoritmo Maxent. Los resultados del modelado mostraron que el hábitat más adecuado para la persistencia de ocho especies se definió por el índice normalizado diferencial de vegetación en los meses secos del año, la materia orgánica del suelo, la altitud y el aspecto, las cuales en conjunto explicaron entre el 73 y el 91 % de la variación en su distribución. Otros factores como la precipitación total anual y la isotermalidad determinaron la distribución de P. crassifolia y de P. glabra, respectivamente. El índice normalizado diferencial de la vegetación y las propiedades de los suelos, son predictores determinantes en la distribución potencial de las especies de la sección Angulatae.

https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.192 6214 downloads

15.

Direct detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in bovine and bubaline tissues through nested-PCR
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Araújo, Cristina P.

; Osório, Ana Luiza A.R.

; Jorge, Klaudia S.G.

; Ramos, Carlos A.N.

; Souza Filho, Antonio F.

; Vidal, Carlos E.S.

; Vargas, Agueda P.C.

; Roxo, Eliana

; Rocha, Adalgiza S.

; Suffys, Philip N.

; Fonseca Júnior, Antônio A.

; Silva, Marcio R.

; Barbosa Neto, José D.

; Cerqueira, Valíria D.

; Araújo, Flábio R.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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jun 2014, Volume 45 N. 2 Pages 633 - 640

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Post-mortem bacterial culture and specific biochemical tests are currently performed to characterize the etiologic agent of bovine tuberculosis. Cultures take up to 90 days to develop. A diagnosis by molecular tests such as PCR can provide fast and reliable results while significantly decreasing the time of confirmation. In the present study, a nested-PCR system, targeting rv2807, with conventional PCR followed by real-time PCR, was developed to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) organisms directly from bovine and bubaline tissue homogenates. The sensitivity and specificity of the reactions were assessed with DNA samples extracted from tuberculous and non-tuberculous mycobacteria, as well as other Actinomycetales species and DNA samples extracted directly from bovine and bubaline tissue homogenates. Regarding the analytical sensitivity, DNA of the M. bovis AN5 strain was detected up to 1.5 pg by nested-PCR, whereas DNA of M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain was detected up to 6.1 pg. The nested-PCR system showed 100% analytical specificity for MTC when tested with DNA of reference strains of non-tuberculous mycobacteria and closely-related Actinomycetales. A clinical sensitivity level of 76.7% was detected with tissues samples positive for MTC by means of the culture and conventional PCR. A clinical specificity of 100% was detected with DNA from tissue samples of cattle with negative results in the comparative intradermal tuberculin test. These cattle exhibited no visible lesions and were negative in the culture for MTC. The use of the nested-PCR assay to detect M. tuberculosis complex in tissue homogenates provided a rapid diagnosis of bovine and bubaline tuberculosis.

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